121 lines
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121 lines
14 KiB
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<mods:title id="E91DFB2E6BB1487DAA24332F7117346C">Phylogenetic systematics of the enigmatic genus Horologion Valentine, 1932 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae, Horologionini), with description of a new species from Bath County, Virginia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="25EA6153487B21E7B629F3E72AC56A2B">Harden, Curt W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="22BDFCE2063CF831EB21D9F767EF395F">Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, 277 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7CAF3CCE5287544FF6E5B4F9D6D0CA7B" type="email">c_har@fastmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="60250D7D59F365CA45E0C2BF45AC20EE">Davidson, Robert L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FC4A722C07A09B51C38AE34833D9F3C4">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E8FCF3775AB17D671E60A35C77245A07">Malabad, Thomas E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D462B962FDDA26B8BEDEB797C9EFD11D">Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Karst Program, 16 th Floor, 600 East Main Street, Richmond, Virginia, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E235DD787AB7663F222EE4638374A573">Caterino, Michael S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CC31126766B03B517F64D695C2162727">Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, 277 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6E834B58F8E0B51F3C6D63404A39EA30">Maddison, David R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="77EB1713C905FD54C39557AB24A28E6D">Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9B1AC6140DAF3C914437B534FE558E43">Subterranean Biology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="208A958F1BB3FBEDD509F94726589DA7">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5D020314D3643BF874A51A2F3C517290">2024-01-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2BDF30857A1FC44627C86313D9E8EA36">48</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="83694ADAF29AA7402BCE3DBF37A896C0" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.48.114404</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F18BD0D71EB7550FB8CF71F01FC076E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F18BD0D71EB7550FB8CF71F01FC076E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F18BD0D71EB7550FB8CF71F01FC076E9" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="E2A99794673E8E7F8D518BF792350643" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E26AF4E3820195943BA330385C49B3C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0BF1D19BE4E820DCEBF7B53926982284" LSID="F18BD0D7-1EB7-550F-B8CF-71F01FC076E9" authority="Jeannel, 1949" authorityName="Valentine" authorityYear="1932" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Horologionini">Horologionini Jeannel, 1949</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BE2CBF69A65AFDC2359D07CF59A9CBC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="43C670157CA66999CE9394DB15AF1A39" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E7501637117F58D1342F1EA2A029CEAF" family="Horologionidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Horologionidae</taxonomicName>
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Jeannel, 1949: 91. Type genus:
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<taxonomicName id="997DE7A280E9B3FB6536D13723F20308" authorityName="Valentine" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Horologion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Horologion" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Horologion</taxonomicName>
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Valentine, 1932.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="44F1E0840F1880E2BE6DBF68DAC54A9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FE269FB6F8FE5B1583B6E62045DBE2B4" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Horologionini">Horologionini</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="BFAE576B57735E829D76C3CDD1BC8B1A" author="Barr, Jr TC" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 4" refId="B4" refString="Barr, Jr TC, 1964. Non-troglobitic Carabidae (Coleoptera) from caves in the United States. The Coleopterists Bulletin 18: 1 - 4" title="Non-troglobitic Carabidae (Coleoptera) from caves in the United States." volume="18" year="1964">Barr (1964</bibRefCitation>
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: 1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AE0428F2BB1A48F51671750C526A3BF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0DD02977CA4E4A6CB4A8197922F7E8BF" authorityName="Valentine" authorityYear="1932" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Horologionina">Horologionina</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="17DA69A13D911FF0E4EAAADBD39F50CF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" author="Bousquet, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 1722" refId="B15" refString="Bousquet, Y, 2012. Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera: Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico. ZooKeys 245: 1 - 1722, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" title="Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera: Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" volume="245" year="2012">Bousquet (2012</bibRefCitation>
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: 711);
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<bibRefCitation id="FB39825F81C7E1CF9BFD72C5C6356067" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4027.4.7" author="Ortuno, VM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="578 - 586" refId="B85" refString="Ortuno, VM, Arillo, A, 2015. Fossil carabids from Baltic amber-III- Tarsitachys bilobus Erwin, 1971 an interesting fossil ground beetle from Baltic amber (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae): Redescription and comments on its taxonomic placement. Zootaxa 4027: 578 - 586, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4027.4.7" title="Fossil carabids from Baltic amber-III- Tarsitachys bilobus Erwin, 1971 an interesting fossil ground beetle from Baltic amber (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae): Redescription and comments on its taxonomic placement." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4027.4.7" volume="4027" year="2015">
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<normalizedToken id="BAF383FFDFB743DBD10DA28F13EAC66A" originalValue="Ortuño">Ortuno</normalizedToken>
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and Arillo (2015
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 584),
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<bibRefCitation id="ED2D8A7EC0B70FD2831783FE1543FFDF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.11.006" author="Maddison, DR" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="151 - 176" refId="B70" refString="Maddison, DR, Kanda, K, Boyd, OF, Faille, A, Porch, N, Erwin, TL, Roig-Junent, S, 2019. Phylogeny of the beetle supertribe Trechitae (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Unexpected clades, isolated lineages, and morphological convergence. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 132: 151 - 176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.11.006" title="Phylogeny of the beetle supertribe Trechitae (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Unexpected clades, isolated lineages, and morphological convergence." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.11.006" volume="132" year="2019">Maddison et al. (2019</bibRefCitation>
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: 171).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C553BD71AD58C07CE20D9C140B878AE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="65267FEE8BD9AAFDE555D69894315112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E80E05C291A7FFE4046EF5CA2193DFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The tribe consists of a single genus,
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<taxonomicName id="234666F9129CB4A205DF7BDAF9B7B241" authorityName="Valentine" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Horologion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Horologion" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0827F5EAE49F71749A951CF6F2BE46F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Horologion</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, described in detail below. Members of the tribe possess characteristics of the supertribe
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<taxonomicName id="A38DAA80EA1CCFC81C98D42B1B55AB95" authorityName="Valentine" authorityYear="1932" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="superTribe" superTribe="Trechitae">Trechitae</taxonomicName>
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and several character states that, in combination, distinguish them from other tribes of
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<taxonomicName id="34E2E20444465CD12310A407B3C14E20" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Carabidae</taxonomicName>
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: eyes absent, frontal furrows weakly impressed, penultimate maxillary palpomeres glabrous, apical maxillary palpomeres elongate and narrow, pronotal lateral margins and hind angles absent, elytral humeri with carinate shelf, elytron with a single discal setigerous puncture, apical recurrent stria absent, mesoventrite bell-shaped and extended anteriorly, mesocoxae and metacoxae separated by processes of mesoventrite and metaventrite, all surfaces of external integument except for mouthparts and abdominal tergites generally setose, median lobe of aedeagus open dorsally, spermatheca with attached gland, female genital segment subtriangular, gonocoxites slender and largely glabrous.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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