400 lines
43 KiB
XML
400 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document id="918B61C09F377F3D6054C323594F4A0B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3860.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6b058035-60f3-4ad7-9326-1cfa9690a1a7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="230212" ID-ZooBank="36A36CAB-E167-4809-A897-1DC2AA0B82C3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460903627324" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Almeida, Paula C., Feitosa, Darlan T., Passos, Paulo & Prudente, Ana L. C." docDate="2014" docId="03F687FD4D1BFFA3FF1DFE1E895DC234" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03860p080.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3860 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Atractus latifrons Gunther 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" masterDocId="FFCFFF854D11FFAFFF8AFF918B7AC629" masterDocTitle="Morphological variation and taxonomy of Atractus latifrons (Günther, 1868) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae)" updateTime="1698360520551" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F82EE6CBBE5E24CAADEFC07ABA150B4A">
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<mods:title id="DC4DBF6054D0D3F9E434763E7803575B">Morphological variation and taxonomy of Atractus latifrons (Günther, 1868) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="3FD4C0061FEA142E426184169287F1F1" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="49D922E5B4B16521DBC73817275A8363">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E82DE762936D2A7D160F60236D47EDCA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="58A48D1F30C829137C75EA4407A11F5F">Almeida, Paula C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="55E22BEEC8F48F490CA66DDB8361A33C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2832C9D59D460B3D4029DA0E5A2D5D88">Feitosa, Darlan T.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2E9455C4CE196514E184B76B1E03AB3B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="655CCCF8A90316B74018CAFABB7D28B0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="585372455D1C6F84DF03FE78A1FFE404">Passos, Paulo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2C08680C2FF3A36A4FA725854064469B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F707AB72AA536D144930E4A670CF424A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9F2AF5EE345CB902EAF15E516C55CF93">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F3852BF9071BE75F816AD5824081341B">Prudente, Ana L. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="43BCDCBE5C618A97C41DC277EB0D8CE7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="70D635159886E156A200313710EFDE10">
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<mods:title id="572AE178735EA5307FD88F9B7E1D08D4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D2748AD7AA99386AB3B1F21107FB699B">
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<mods:date id="49D02764C9E877CFC801992A2F94AE22">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="725BAC7D72CCF51537737D9C7245086D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EE3C5F779596E9C5CF350DFC7F23DA94">3860</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="F40431F4F8030BE7F1F77228C6D34C67" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="BF42F030F3FE1D3F5218CFFB2F022DDF">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:classification id="F0A5A3EF6053A41832EC2D1CEDF34376">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D10B730A44525ADEA22A71F5F5B7DBC3" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3860.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B59F2D740788AE2A7CB2D7040F042389" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3D05FBE25B1A81F05EA1491259DB6FD8" type="Zenodo-Dep">230212</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F687FD4D1BFFA3FF1DFE1E895DC234" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5691223" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119587719" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5691223" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687FD4D1BFFA3FF1DFE1E895DC234" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F687FD4D1BFFA3FF1DFE1E895DC234" lastPageId="12" pageId="10">
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<subSubSection id="C34565604D1BFFA5FF1DFE1E8942C783" box="[151,568,399,426]" pageId="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1BFFA5FF1DFE1E8942C783" blockId="10.[151,568,399,426]" box="[151,568,399,426]" pageId="10">
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<heading id="D0A881874D1BFFA5FF1DFE1E8942C783" bold="true" box="[151,568,399,426]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FF1DFE1E8942C783" authority="Gunther, 1868" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[151,568,399,426]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF1DFE1E8942C783" bold="true" box="[151,568,399,426]" pageId="10">
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF1DFE1E8A11C780" bold="true" box="[151,363,399,425]" italics="true" pageId="10">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1BFFA5FEF0FE01894AC783" author="Gunther" box="[378,560,400,426]" pageId="10" refString="Gunther, A. (1868) Sixth account of new species of Snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Annals Magazine of Natural History, 1, 413 - 429. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936808695725" type="journal article" year="1868">Günther, 1868</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34565604D1BFFA5FF1DFE418827C46B" pageId="10" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1BFFA5FF1DFE4188BBC7CF" blockId="10.[151,1291,464,578]" box="[151,961,464,486]" pageId="10">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FF1DFE418A9BC7CF" authority="Gunther, 1868" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[151,481,464,486]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF1DFE418A3DC7CF" box="[151,327,464,486]" italics="true" pageId="10">Geophis latifrons</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1BFFA5FEC6FE418A9BC7CF" author="Gunther" box="[332,481,464,486]" pageId="10" refString="Gunther, A. (1868) Sixth account of new species of Snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Annals Magazine of Natural History, 1, 413 - 429. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936808695725" type="journal article" year="1868">Günther, 1868</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FE61FE4189E7C7CF" authority="Magazine" authorityName="Magazine" box="[491,669,464,486]" class="Clitellata" family="Dorylidae" genus="Annals" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Annals Magazine</taxonomicName>
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of Natural History 4(1):415.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1BFFA5FF1DFE7E8827C46B" blockId="10.[151,1291,464,578]" pageId="10">
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF1DFE7E8A24C42D" box="[151,350,494,516]" italics="true" pageId="10">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FF1DFE7E8B97C42D" box="[151,237,495,516]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Atractus</taxonomicName>
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latifrons—
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1BFFA5FED4FE7F8973C42D" author="Boulenger" box="[350,521,494,516]" pageId="10" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1894) Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History), vol. 2. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 466 pp." type="book" year="1894">Boulenger, 1894</bibRefCitation>
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; Catalogue of the Snake in the British Museum 3:303.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FF1DFD9C8AE9C40A" authority="Ahl, 1927" authorityName="Ahl" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,403,525,547]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Elaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="herthae">
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF1DFD9C8A5EC40A" box="[151,292,525,547]" italics="true" pageId="10">Elaps herthae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1BFFA5FEA0FD9C8AE9C40A" author="Ahl" box="[298,403,525,547]" pageId="10" refString="Ahl, E. (1927) Zwei neue Korallenschlangen der Gattung Elaps. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 70, 251 - 252." type="journal article" year="1927">Ahl, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Zwei neue Korallenschlangen der Gattung
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FCDAFD9C8F01C40A" authority="Zoologischer Anzeiger" authorityName="Zoologischer Anzeiger" box="[848,1147,525,547]" class="Squamata" family="Atractaspididae" genus="Elaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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Elaps,
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FC1FFD9C8F01C40A" box="[917,1147,525,547]" italics="true" pageId="10">Zoologischer Anzeiger</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 70, 251–252.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FF1DFDBD8B97C468" box="[151,237,556,577]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF1DFDBD8B97C468" box="[151,237,556,577]" italics="true" pageId="10">Atractus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FE9AFDBC8A5CC46B" box="[272,294,557,578]" italics="true" pageId="10">—</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1BFFA5FEACFDBD8AC0C46B" author="Silva" box="[294,442,556,578]" pageId="10" refString="Silva, N. J. Jr. (1993) The snakes from Samuel hydroeletric power plant and vicinity, Rondonia, Brazil. Herpetological Natural History, 1, 37 - 86." type="journal article" year="1993">Silva Jr., 1993</bibRefCitation>
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||
; Herpetological Natural History 1(1): 54.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34565604D1BFFA5FF1DFDF68B96C4EA" pageId="10" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1BFFA5FF1DFDF68B96C4EA" blockId="10.[151,1437,615,2037]" pageId="10">
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||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF1DFDF68A71C4A9" bold="true" box="[151,267,615,640]" pageId="10">
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<typeStatus id="54E488494D1BFFA5FF1DFDF68A7CC4A9" box="[151,262,615,640]" pageId="10" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Adult male,
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<collectionCode id="ED4EAE2E4D1BFFA5FE33FDF98977C456" box="[441,525,616,639]" pageId="10">BMNH</collectionCode>
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1946.1.6.52 (formally
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<collectionCode id="ED4EAE2E4D1BFFA5FCA7FDF988FBC456" box="[813,897,616,639]" pageId="10">BMNH</collectionCode>
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67.9.17.207), collected by Hauswell in the municipality of Pebas (= Pevas,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6B502C4D1BFFA5FD82FD1B891EC48B" box="[520,612,650,674]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" precision="925" value="-3.3333333">03º20’S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6B502C4D1BFFA5FDFAFD1B89AFC48B" box="[624,725,650,674]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" precision="925" value="-71.816666">71º49’W</geoCoordinate>
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, ca.
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<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FC80FD1B8828C488" box="[778,850,650,674]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
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above sea level), department of Loreto,
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<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1BFFA5FAAAFD1B8E2EC488" box="[1312,1364,650,673]" name="Peru" pageId="10">Peru</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="13642A6E4D1BFFA5FAEEFD188B9AC4EA" captionStart-0="FIGURE 10" captionStart-1="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="11.[152,250,1086,1108]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,249,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,503,1051]" captionTargetBox-1="[200,1361,1094,1946]" captionTargetId-0="figure@11.[151,1436,503,1055]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[200,1370,1092,1953]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionText-0="FIGURE 10. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of body; and dorsal (C), ventral (D), and lateral (E) views of head of the holotype of Atractus latifrons (BM 1946.1.6.52). Scale = 10 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 11. Geographical distribution of Atractus latifrons. Open triangles correspond to literature records and squares correspond to material examined. Star indicates the type locality. Literature records are from Boulenger (1894), Dixon & Soini (1977), Gasc & Rodrigues (1980), Hoogmoed (1980), and Chippaux (1986)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/230222/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/230223/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Figs. 10–11</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34565604D1BFFA5FF4DFD5D8AA7C39C" pageId="10" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1BFFA5FF4DFD5D88B1C264" blockId="10.[151,1437,615,2037]" pageId="10">
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||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF4DFD5D8A3BC4CC" bold="true" box="[199,321,716,741]" pageId="10">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FEC6FD5D896EC4CD" box="[332,532,716,740]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FEC6FD5D896EC4CD" box="[332,532,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="10">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from all its congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) dorsal scale rows 17/17/17; (2) postocular single; (3) loreal short, eventually fused to postnasal; (4) temporals 1+2; (5) supralabials six, third and fourth contacting orbit; (6) infralabials seven (
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||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FB5EFC848F98C505" box="[1236,1250,789,812]" italics="true" pageId="10">n</emphasis>
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||
= 79), first four contacting chinshields (
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<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FE2BFCA88AD5C579" box="[417,431,825,848]" italics="true" pageId="10">n</emphasis>
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||
= 80); (7) maxillary teeth five to six, lacking maxillar
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FB87FCA68F0EC579" box="[1037,1140,823,848]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Micrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diastema">diastema</taxonomicName>
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||
; (8) gular scale rows three or four; (9) preventrals three or four; (10) ventrals
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||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FD42FCCD883CC55C" box="[712,838,860,885]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2545" metricValueMax="4.826" metricValueMin="3.683" pageId="10" unit="in" value="167.5" valueMax="190.0" valueMin="145.0">145–190 in</quantity>
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||
females,
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||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FC3BFCCD8F55C55C" box="[945,1071,860,885]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9624" metricValueMax="4.5212" metricValueMin="3.4036" pageId="10" unit="in" value="156.0" valueMax="178.0" valueMin="134.0">134–178 in</quantity>
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||
males; (11) subcaudals
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||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FAB0FCCD8EE6C55C" box="[1338,1436,860,885]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.254999999999999" metricValueMax="10.414" metricValueMin="6.096" pageId="10" unit="in" value="32.5" valueMax="41.0" valueMin="24.0">24–41 in</quantity>
|
||
females,
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||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FE88FC118A11C5B1" box="[258,363,895,920]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.874" metricValueMax="10.668" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="10" unit="in" value="31.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="20.0">20–42 in</quantity>
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||
males; (12) aposematic coloration, in preservation, with three mainly patterns [bicolor in monads, tricolor in dyads, and tricolor in tetrads] intercalating black and/or white rings separated by red interspaces; (13) ventral coloration, in preservation, similar to dorsum with complete black rings intercalating by red interspaces; (14) body size moderate to large, females reaching
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FC03FC7D889CC22D" box="[905,998,1004,1029]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.66" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="566.0">566 mm</quantity>
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||
SVL, males
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||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FBFDFC7D8FAEC22D" box="[1143,1236,1004,1029]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.21" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="521.0">521 mm</quantity>
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||
SVL; (15) caudal length moderately long in females (10.9-14.6% SVL), moderately long to long in males (13.3–20.0% SVL); (16) hemipenis moderately bilobed, slightly semicapitate, and semicalyculate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1BFFA5FF4DFBC68AA7C39C" blockId="10.[151,1437,615,2037]" pageId="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF4DFBC68A17C259" bold="true" box="[199,365,1111,1136]" pageId="10">Comparisons.</emphasis>
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||
Among all congeners,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FDFAFBC98849C259" box="[624,819,1112,1136]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FDFAFBC98849C259" box="[624,819,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="10">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares 17 dorsal scale rows at midbody and strict coral color pattern only with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FE2FFBED896BC2BD" box="[421,529,1148,1172]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="badius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FE2FFBED896BC2BD" box="[421,529,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="10">A. badius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FDC1FBED89C2C2BD" box="[587,696,1148,1172]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FDC1FBED89C2C2BD" box="[587,696,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="10">A. obesus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FD42FBED88F4C2BD" box="[712,910,1148,1172]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FD42FBED88F4C2BD" box="[712,910,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="10">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from both by having snout acuminate, loreal short, prefrontals large, supralabials six, and maxillary teeth conical, lacking postdiastemal tooth (vs. truncate snout, loreal moderately long to long, prefrontals moderate, postoculars two, usually seven supralabials, and elliptic maxillary teeth with one or two postdiastemal teeth).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FC2FFB798F14C329" box="[933,1134,1256,1280]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FC2FFB798F14C329" box="[933,1134,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="10">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FA9BFB798A92C30D" italics="true" pageId="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FA9BFB798E09C329" box="[1297,1395,1256,1280]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elaps">A. elaps</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FA0EFB798A7FC30D" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="charitoae">A. charitoae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FE98FA9D8A9EC30D" box="[274,484,1292,1316]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="franciscopaivai">A. franciscopaivai</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FDA8FA9D89DFC30D" box="[546,677,1292,1316]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poeppigi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FDA8FA9D89DFC30D" box="[546,677,1292,1316]" italics="true" pageId="10">A. poeppigi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having dorsal scale rows 17 (vs. 15). Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FA97FA9D8EE6C30D" box="[1309,1436,1292,1316]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FA97FA9D8EE6C30D" box="[1309,1436,1292,1316]" italics="true" pageId="10">A. latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FEA6FAA18A84C361" box="[300,510,1328,1352]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="franciscopaivai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FEA6FAA18A84C361" box="[300,510,1328,1352]" italics="true" pageId="10">A. franciscopaivai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1BFFA5FDB7FAA189B8C36E" box="[573,706,1328,1351]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poeppigi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FDB7FAA189B8C36E" box="[573,706,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="10">A. poeppigi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having posterior temporals two, loreal eventually fused to postnasal, and dorsal coloration with black dyads intercalated by white rings and red interspaces (vs. posterior temporal single, loreal never fused to postnasal, and dorsum generally uniform black with rhomboidal blotches covering paraventral region).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34565604D1BFFA3FF4DFA2E895DC234" lastPageId="12" pageId="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1BFFA5FF4DFA2E8B95C1DC" blockId="10.[151,1437,615,2037]" pageId="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1BFFA5FF4DFA2E8955C3F1" bold="true" box="[199,559,1471,1496]" pageId="10">
|
||
Redescription of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E488494D1BFFA5FE4BFA2E8950C3F1" box="[449,554,1471,1496]" pageId="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male; SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FC8BFA51881BC3F1" box="[769,865,1472,1496]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.27" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="227.0">227 mm</quantity>
|
||
, CL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FC13FA2E8884C3F1" box="[921,1022,1471,1496]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.57" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="35.7">35.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(15.7% SVL); head length
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FAB2FA518EE7C3F1" box="[1336,1437,1472,1496]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(5.6% SVL), head width
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FE4CFA75895BC3D5" box="[454,545,1508,1533]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(42% head length); head height
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FC24FA758F77C3D5" box="[942,1037,1508,1532]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head indistinct from body; head flattened in lateral view and sub-triangular in dorsal view; snout acuminate in lateral view and rounded in dorsal view; rostral large, well visible in dorsal view and rounded in frontal view; internasal as wide as long; internasal suture sinistral with respect to prefrontal suture; prefrontal wider than long; supraocular sub-trapezoidal in dorsal view, about twice longer than wide; frontal sub-pentagonal, longer than wide; parietal about twice longer than wide; nasal divided; nostril almost restricted to prenasal; prenasal and postnasals about twice higher than long; loreal short, about as high as long; loreal contacting second and third supralabials; pupil subelliptical; postocular single, sub-pentagonal, about twice higher than long; temporal 1+2; anterior temporal slightly longer than high; upper posterior temporals fused, about twice longer than high; supralabials six, third and fourth contacting orbit; first two supralabials with equivalent height and smaller than third and fourth supralabials; fifth supralabial higher and sixth longer than remaining supralabials; symphyseal sub-triangular, twice wider than long; first pair of infralabials preventing contact between symphyseal and chin shields; infralabials seven, first four in contact with chin shields; chin shields twice longer than wide; gular scale rows three; preventrals four; ventrals 150; subcaudal
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1BFFA5FF1DF8298BAEC1F8" box="[151,212,1976,2001]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="10" unit="in" value="36.0">36 in</quantity>
|
||
both sides; dorsal scale rows, 17/17/17, smooth and lacking apical pits; caudal spine short, robust, and conical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1AFFA4FF4DFF098E65C7F9" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="11">
|
||
Dorsum of head with black cephalic cap extending from rostral to posterior region of parietals, interrupted by a white band covering posterior part of parietals and temporals; lateral view of head black, white band covering fifth to seventh supralabials temporal and occipital scales; first four infralabials and anterior portion of chin shields black; posterior portion of fourth supralabials and two thirds of chin shields white; remaining gular region and preventrals white; body with 10 dyads, comprising 22 black rings (4–9 scales long) separated by 11 tiny white rings (1–2 scales long), broader in ventral view (3–4 scales long); dyads intercalated by 11 red rings (3–7 scales long); tail with two dyads, comprising four black rings (4–6 scales long) separated by two tiny white rings (1–2 scales long), broader in ventral view (3–4 scales long); dyads intercalated by two red rings (5–7 scales long); dorsal and lateral portions of red rings with black pigmentation in the mid–posterior region of each scale (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13642A6E4D1AFFA4FB35FE268E68C7F9" box="[1215,1298,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[152,250,1086,1108]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,503,1051]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,503,1055]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of body; and dorsal (C), ventral (D), and lateral (E) views of head of the holotype of Atractus latifrons (BM 1946.1.6.52). Scale = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230222/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2066634D1AFFA4FF12FBAF8856C25B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" targetBox="[151,1436,503,1051]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1AFFA4FF12FBAF8856C25B" blockId="11.[151,1435,1086,1138]" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FF12FBAF8A59C27A" bold="true" box="[152,291,1086,1108]" pageId="11">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of body; and dorsal (C), ventral (D), and lateral (E) views of head of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1AFFA4FE9BFBCC8AB8C25B" box="[273,450,1116,1138]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FE9BFBCC8AB8C25B" box="[273,450,1116,1138]" italics="true" pageId="11">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BM 1946.1.6.52). Scale = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1AFFA4FF4DFB0E8A74C00A" blockId="11.[151,1436,1183,1571]" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FF4DFB0E89F7C291" bold="true" box="[199,653,1183,1208]" pageId="11">Meristic and morphometric variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Largest male
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1AFFA4FCA1FB0E88F2C29E" box="[811,904,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.21" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="521.0">521 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1AFFA4FC5BFB318F5AC29E" box="[977,1056,1184,1208]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="92.0">92 mm</quantity>
|
||
CL; largest female
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1AFFA4FB77FB0E8E20C29E" box="[1277,1370,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.66" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="566.0">566 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1AFFA4FF1DFB558B9CC2F2" box="[151,230,1220,1244]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="83.0">83 mm</quantity>
|
||
CL; SVL 150 –521 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FE59FB558A98C2F2" box="[467,482,1220,1243]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 354.6; SD = 82;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FD3FFB5589B9C2F2" box="[693,707,1220,1243]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 75) in males, 150–566 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FC66FB558880C2F2" box="[1004,1018,1220,1243]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 372; SD = 108;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FB4CFB558FAEC2F2" box="[1222,1236,1220,1243]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 60) in females; CL 20–92 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FE9CFB798A5FC2D6" box="[278,293,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 60.4; SD = 17.7;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FE77FB798971C2D6" box="[509,523,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 75) in males, 20–83 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FC9DFB79885CC2D6" box="[791,806,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 50.2; SD = 14.9; n = 60) in females; ventrals 134–178 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FF14FA9D8BD7C30A" box="[158,173,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 148; SD = 7.2;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FEFAFA9D8A04C30A" box="[368,382,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 75) in males, 145–190 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FD2FFA9D89CEC30A" box="[677,692,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 158.6; SD = 8.8;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FC06FA9D88E0C30A" box="[908,922,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 60) in females; subcaudals 20–42 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FAB7FA9D8E36C30A" box="[1341,1356,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 34.8; SD = 3.4;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FE87FAA18A61C36E" box="[269,283,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 75) in males, 24–41 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FDA1FAA18940C36E" box="[555,570,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 30.9; SD = 4.9) in females; infralabials 7 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FBBFFAA18F39C36E" box="[1077,1091,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 80 sides) or 8 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FA85FAA18E67C36E" box="[1295,1309,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 8 sides); first infralabials contacting chinshields 3 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FDE7FAC58901C342" box="[621,635,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 6 sides), 4 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FC90FAC58852C342" box="[794,808,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 77 sides) or 5 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FC66FAC58880C342" box="[1004,1018,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5 sides); gular scale rows 3 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FADFFAC58E19C342" box="[1365,1379,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 44 sides) or 4 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FE97FAE98A51C3A6" box="[285,299,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 44 sides); preventrals 2–4 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FDF0FAE989F2C3A6" box="[634,648,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 3.5; SD = 0.5;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FCCDFAE9882FC3A6" box="[839,853,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 45); midbody diameter 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B0E4D1AFFA4FB24FAE98E68C3A6" box="[1198,1298,1400,1424]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="10.2">10.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FA95FAE98E54C3A6" box="[1311,1326,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 8.4; SD = 1.7;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FF6BFA0D8B95C39A" box="[225,239,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 6); dorsal scale rows in the level of second subcaudal 7–10 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FC37FA0D88B6C39A" box="[957,972,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="11">x¯</emphasis>
|
||
= 8.4; SD = 0.9;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FB04FA0D8FE6C39A" box="[1166,1180,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 88 sides); maxillary teeth 5 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FF7EFA518A78C3FE" box="[244,258,1472,1495]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 58 sides) or 6 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FE41FA518AA3C3FE" box="[459,473,1472,1495]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 13 sides); hemipenis (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FD7AFA51884FC3FE" box="[752,821,1472,1495]" italics="true" pageId="11">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
) bifurcates between sixth and ninth and extends at the level of seventh to 11th subcaudal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FD93FA76895DC3D7" box="[537,551,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 14). Additional morphometric variation of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1AFFA4FBC7FA768E6BC3D7" box="[1101,1297,1510,1534]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FBC7FA768E6BC3D7" box="[1101,1297,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="11">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DD03504D1AFFA4FF3EF99B8A7DC00A" box="[180,263,1546,1571]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="11.[151,239,1614,1637]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric variation of Atractus latifrons. Abbreviations are as follow: SD = standard deviation; SVL = snout – vent length; CL = caudal length. Length is given in millimeters." pageId="11">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2066634D1AFFA4FF1DF9DF88FCC0AC" pageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1AFFA4FF1DF9DF88FCC0AC" blockId="11.[151,1436,1613,1669]" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FF1DF9DF8A71C04C" bold="true" box="[151,267,1614,1637]" pageId="11">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1AFFA4FDB3F9DF898EC04C" box="[569,756,1613,1637]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FDB3F9DF898EC04C" box="[569,756,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="11">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Abbreviations are as follow: SD = standard deviation; SVL = snout–vent length; CL = caudal length. Length is given in millimeters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1AFFA4FF15F9308F4BC09E" blockId="11.[159,1375,1697,1762]" box="[159,1073,1697,1719]" pageId="11">Variables Males Females</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1AFFA4FE7CF95C8E25C0CB" blockId="11.[159,1375,1697,1762]" box="[502,1375,1740,1762]" pageId="11">n Range Mean SD n Range Mean SD</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1AFFA4FF15F8958E25C16D" blockId="11.[159,1427,1796,2029]" pageId="11">CL/SVL ratio 75 0.06–0.2 0.16 0.02 60 0.08–0.2 0.13 0.02 Ventrals 75 134–178 148 7.2 60 145–190 158.6 8.8</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1AFFA4FF15F8C98E25C147" blockId="11.[159,1427,1796,2029]" box="[159,1375,1880,1902]" pageId="11">Subcaudals 75 20–42 34.8 3.4 60 24–41 30.9 4.9</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE036EB4D1AFFA3FF15F813895DC234" blockId="11.[159,1427,1796,2029]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,776,1053]" lastPageId="12" pageId="11">
|
||
SVL 75 150–521 354.6 82 60 150–566 372 108 CL 75 20–92 60.4 17.7 60 20–83 50.2 14.9 …
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1AFFA4FBD6F8448EE9C1C4" box="[1116,1427,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="11">…continued on the next page</emphasis>
|
||
Variables Males Females
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1DFFA3FF4DFC998A1AC508" bold="true" box="[199,352,776,801]" pageId="12">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1DFFA3FEE2FC988956C509" box="[360,556,776,800]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1DFFA3FEE2FC988956C509" box="[360,556,776,800]" italics="true" pageId="12">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents a wide distribution in South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FC53FC998F43C508" box="[985,1081,776,801]" name="United States of America" pageId="12">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
east of the Andes, occurring in the Amazonian lowlands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FE59FCBD893EC56C" box="[467,580,812,837]" name="Colombia" pageId="12">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FDDAFCBD89BCC56C" box="[592,710,812,837]" name="Venezuela" pageId="12">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FD5BFCBD8800C56C" box="[721,890,812,837]" name="French Guiana" pageId="12">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FC0FFCBD8889C56C" box="[901,1011,812,837]" name="Suriname" pageId="12">Suriname</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FC75FCBD8F3CC56C" box="[1023,1094,812,837]" name="Brazil" pageId="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FB0BFCBC8FC2C56D" box="[1153,1208,813,836]" name="Peru" pageId="12">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This species ranges from Paloemeu River, district of Marowijne in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FD34FCC18850C540" box="[702,810,848,873]" name="Suriname" pageId="12">Suriname</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B502C4D1DFFA3FCB7FCC088E4C540" box="[829,926,849,873]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" precision="925" value="3.35">03º21’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B502C4D1DFFA3FC27FCC18F6FC540" box="[941,1045,848,873]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" precision="925" value="-55.433334">55º26’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), east to Urubichá, department of Santa Cruz in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FEBDFCE58AF0C5A4" box="[311,394,884,909]" name="Bolivia" pageId="12">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B502C4D1DFFA3FE13FCE58A8CC5A4" box="[409,502,884,909]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" precision="925" value="-15.383333">15º23’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B502C4D1DFFA3FD88FCE58913C5A4" box="[514,617,884,909]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" precision="925" value="-62.95">62º57’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), and southeast to Bela Vista, state of Pará in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FBE1FCE58FD5C5A4" box="[1131,1199,884,909]" name="Brazil" pageId="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B502C4D1DFFA3FB35FCE48E61C5A4" box="[1215,1307,885,909]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" precision="925" value="-7.55">07º33’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B502C4D1DFFA3FAADFCE58EF5C5A4" box="[1319,1423,884,909]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" precision="925" value="-53.3">53º18’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1DFFA3FF1DFC088A1BC599" box="[151,353,920,944]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1DFFA3FF1DFC088A1BC599" box="[151,353,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="12">Atractus latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs on the forest litter of primary Amazon rainforest, as well as secondary forest and cultivation fields (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1DFFA3FEEEFC2D8935C5FC" author="Dixon" box="[356,591,956,981]" pageId="12" refString="Dixon, J. & Soini, P. (1977) The reptiles of the upper Amazon Basin, Iquitos Region, Peru. Contributions in Biology and Geology, Milwaukee Public Museum, 12, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1977">Dixon & Soini 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1DFFA3FDD1FC2D89ECC5FC" author="Dixon" box="[603,662,956,981]" pageId="12" refString="Dixon, J. R. & Soini, P. (1986) The Reptiles of the Upper Amazon Basin, Iquitos Region, Peru. Milwaukee Public Museum, Milwaukee, 160 pp." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1DFFA3FD28FC2D8818C5FC" author="Hoogmoed" box="[674,866,956,981]" pageId="12" refString="Hoogmoed, M. S. (1980) Revision of the genus Atractus in Surinam, with the ressurection of two species (Colubridae, Reptilia). Notes on the herpetofauna of Surinam VII. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 175, 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1980">Hoogmoed 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1DFFA3FCE4FC2D8FF3C5FC" author="Martins" box="[878,1161,956,981]" pageId="12" refString="Martins, M. & Oliveira, M. E. (1993) The snakes of the genus Atractus Wagler (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae) from the Manaus region, central Amazonia, Brazil. Zoologische. Mededelingem, 69, 21 - 40." type="journal article" year="1993">Martins & Oliveira 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B1A4D1DFFA3FB1FFC2C8FB4C5FC" author="Oliveira" box="[1173,1230,957,981]" pageId="12" refString="Martins, M. & Oliveira, M. E. (1999) Natural history of snakes in forests of the Manaus region, Central Amazonia, Brazil. Herpetological Natural History, 6, 78 - 150." type="journal article" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from sea level to 300 meters elevation. Given current distribution in the literature, the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D684D1DFFA3FB98FC708FEBC5D1" box="[1042,1169,992,1016]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEAF94D1DFFA3FB98FC708FEBC5D1" box="[1042,1169,992,1016]" italics="true" pageId="12">A. latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is extended here to the state of Roraima in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348767B4D1DFFA3FEF9FB958ACDC234" box="[371,439,1028,1053]" name="Brazil" pageId="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13642A6E4D1DFFA3FE4DFB958960C234" box="[455,538,1028,1053]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="12.[151,249,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[200,1361,1094,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[200,1370,1092,1953]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 11. Geographical distribution of Atractus latifrons. Open triangles correspond to literature records and squares correspond to material examined. Star indicates the type locality. Literature records are from Boulenger (1894), Dixon & Soini (1977), Gasc & Rodrigues (1980), Hoogmoed (1980), and Chippaux (1986)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230223/files/figure.png" pageId="12">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |