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<document id="3259C0006BC4B7B6E31E50CA57657A1F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3666.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="157f5045-3366-47ce-a50e-31891cfd296c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="222583" ID-ZooBank="6238604D-24E6-4A40-8BED-ACA88158C186" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460625160599" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bilton, David T." docDate="2013" docId="03F687E8FFA3FFAADBFCFA224F674BEF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03666p357.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3666 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Prosthetops setosus Perkins &amp; Balfour-Browne 1994" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="356" masterDocId="FFCFFF90FFA9FFA6DB6BFF9A4B7C4A1B" masterDocTitle="Prosthetops wolfbergensis sp. nov. — a giant amongst the ‘ minute moss beetles’, with new data on other members of the genus (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="357" masterPageNumber="345" pageNumber="355" updateTime="1698334157742" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="936BE7506A3F4C83AEB4F6B76C28FB8D">
<mods:title id="7166027DD0D5BDA17A6D892C7C8BE9F0">Prosthetops wolfbergensis sp. nov. — a giant amongst the ‘ minute moss beetles’, with new data on other members of the genus (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="128D987004B3F21252575E7B726CD554" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5030EBC3AB7B649B5260DB3D8FEF59BE">Bilton, David T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="395A68E2B7AA704D6D7021F92C952D02">
<mods:date id="C2FC0A0CCC8CB5953A46579492309B6E">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A2FAFF1BB714B3C623246A2B3D7AB63E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3D384F99DF71E117C03E06160120B31E">3666</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="3309B41EFD57E9B50F1D7A5A15FA6E3D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A5D43AAEC2A72B48BFF9EDFC48CB8448" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3666.3.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9578F9B60759A0D2F86C5271900A2973" type="GBIF-Dataset">157f5045-3366-47ce-a50e-31891cfd296c</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D0D6F8B31D9C43BE6C3B6D67A3B29BC8" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="158913CF34F65156A5E1232AF59FDF26" type="Zenodo-Dep">222583</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F687E8FFA3FFAADBFCFA224F674BEF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6145980" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119569223" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6145980" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687E8FFA3FFAADBFCFA224F674BEF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F687E8FFA3FFAADBFCFA224F674BEF" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="356" pageId="10" pageNumber="355">
<subSubSection id="C3456575FFA3FFACDBFCFA224A3C4DB8" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE036FEFFA3FFACDBFCFA22485F4FC9" blockId="10.[151,803,1464,1490]" box="[151,803,1464,1490]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355">
<heading id="D0A88192FFA3FFACDBFCFA22485F4FC9" bold="true" box="[151,803,1464,1490]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA3FFACDBFCFA22485F4FC9" ID-CoL="4MYPH" authority="Perkins &amp; Balfour-Browne, 1994" authorityName="Perkins &amp; Balfour-Browne" authorityYear="1994" box="[151,803,1464,1490]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setosus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA3FFACDBFCFA22485F4FC9" bold="true" box="[151,803,1464,1490]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA3FFACDBFCFA224AFE4FC9" bold="true" box="[151,386,1464,1490]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="355">Prosthetops setosus</emphasis>
Perkins &amp; Balfour-Browne, 1994
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE036FEFFA3FFACDBFCFA654AE64C20" blockId="10.[151,1436,1535,1955]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355">Apparently relatively widespread in the Western Cape; recorded from rockpools, seepages and temporary pools on stony/sandy substrates.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE036FEFFA3FFACDBACF9DD4A3C4DB8" blockId="10.[151,1436,1535,1955]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355">
Additional records:
<date id="FFE1103EFFA3FFACDACCF9DD495C4C44" box="[423,544,1607,1631]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" value="2009-09-19">19/ix/2009</date>
Western Cape, Langeberge, stream along R324 road in Tradouw Pass,
<quantity id="4CA79B1BFFA3FFACDE55F9DD4EF94C44" box="[1342,1413,1607,1631]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
S of Barrydale—1 Ƥ;
<date id="FFE1103EFFA3FFACDA10F9F14A884C98" box="[379,500,1643,1667]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" value="2009-09-19">19/ix/2009</date>
Western Cape, Langeberge, temporary pool on sand beside R324 road
<quantity id="4CA79B1BFFA3FFACDE76F9F14E194C98" box="[1309,1381,1643,1667]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
S of Barrydale—1 3;
<date id="FFE1103EFFA3FFACDA32F9154AAE4CBC" box="[345,466,1679,1703]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" value="2009-09-24">24/ix/2009</date>
Western Cape, Groote Swartberg, small pools in seepage over gently sloping rock face beside R328 road ca.
<quantity id="4CA79B1BFFA3FFACDAECF9294ABC4CD0" box="[391,448,1715,1739]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
N of De Hell Jnct.—abundant;
<date id="FFE1103EFFA3FFACD849F92948E74CD0" box="[802,923,1715,1739]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" value="2009-09-25">25/ix/2009</date>
Western Cape, small rockpools beside stream at Mont Rochelle, above Franschhoek,
<quantity id="4CA79B1BFFA3FFACD935F94D49C14CF4" box="[606,701,1751,1775]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" unit="m" value="1100.0">1,100 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13642A7BFFA3FFACD9BBF94D485D4CF4" box="[720,801,1751,1775]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1030,1054]" captionTargetBox="[178,1413,195,1016]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[178,1414,195,1016]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 12. Habitats of Prosthetops species, Western Cape, South Africa. A) pools in Tsitsikamma National Park beside Salt River (P. pronotus); B) rocky outcrop with pools and seeps above Mont Rochelle, Franschhoek (P. seto s us). Photos D T Bilton." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222595/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="355">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
B)—abundant;
<date id="FFE1103EFFA3FFACD8BFF94D4F314CF4" box="[980,1101,1751,1775]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" value="2009-09-25">25/ix/2009</date>
Western Cape, seepage over gently sloping rock face beside stream above Franschhoekpas, ca. 500 m—abundant;
<date id="FFE1103EFFA3FFACDF1FF9614F914D08" box="[1140,1261,1787,1811]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" value="2009-09-27">27/ix/2009</date>
Western Cape, sandy/rocky temporary pond by R301 road ca.
<quantity id="4CA79B1BFFA3FFACD9C9F88549A64D2C" box="[674,730,1823,1847]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
S of Bain’s Kloof Lodge in Bain’s Kloof Pass nr. Wellingtonabundant;
<date id="FFE1103EFFA3FFACDA7BF8D94AF44D40" box="[272,392,1859,1883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" value="2011-09-22">22/ix/2011</date>
Western Cape, Cederberg, Matjiesrivier Reserve, Matjies River ca.
<quantity id="4CA79B1BFFA3FFACDFCAF8D94FA14D40" box="[1185,1245,1859,1883]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
N of Cederberg Oasis, riverside pool on shingle– 1 3;
<date id="FFE1103EFFA3FFACD93FF8FD49B14D64" box="[596,717,1895,1919]" pageId="10" pageNumber="355" value="2012-09-23">23/ix/2012</date>
Western Cape, Cederberg- rockpools below Wolfberg Arch @ 1,400 m—1 3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF206676FFA2FFADDBFCFB9C4A1D4E45" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222595/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" targetBox="[178,1413,195,1016]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BE036FEFFA2FFADDBFCFB9C4A1D4E45" blockId="11.[151,1436,1030,1118]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDBFCFB9C4A564E05" bold="true" box="[151,298,1030,1054]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Habitats of
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDAD2FB9D494B4E05" box="[441,567,1031,1054]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDAD2FB9D494B4E05" box="[441,567,1031,1054]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">Prosthetops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, Western Cape, South Africa. A) pools in Tsitsikamma National Park beside Salt River (
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDA34FBBD4AA44E25" box="[351,472,1063,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pronotus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDA34FBBD4AA44E25" box="[351,472,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">P. pronotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); B) rocky outcrop with pools and seeps above Mont Rochelle, Franschhoek (
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDE4FFBBD4EF54E25" box="[1316,1417,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDE4FFBBD4E1B4E25" box="[1316,1383,1063,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seto">P. seto</taxonomicName>
s us
</emphasis>
). Photos D T Bilton.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3456575FFA2FFAADBFCFB3E4F674BEF" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="357" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE036FEFFA2FFADDBFCFB3E4A694EA6" blockId="11.[151,277,1188,1213]" box="[151,277,1188,1213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDBFCFB3E4A694EA6" bold="true" box="[151,277,1188,1213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">Discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE036FEFFA2FFADDBFCFB7D4AAF4FCC" blockId="11.[151,1437,1255,2035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">
Members of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDACBFB7D49534EE4" box="[416,559,1255,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydraenidae</taxonomicName>
are often colloquially termed ‘minute moss beetles’ (e.g. Jäch
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDF9BFB724E554EE4" box="[1264,1321,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">et al.</emphasis>
, 2008), in reference to their small adult body size; most species averaging around
<quantity id="4CA79B1BFFA2FFADD8D5FA914F7E4F38" box="[958,1026,1291,1315]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
. At up to
<quantity id="4CA79B1BFFA2FFADDF1AFA914FAA4F38" box="[1137,1238,1291,1315]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" unit="mm" value="3.36">3.36 mm</quantity>
maximum length from labrum to elytral apex
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDAA4FAB548BB4F5C" authority="Mulsant" authorityName="Mulsant" box="[463,967,1327,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Ochthebius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulatus" subGenus="Enicocerus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDAA4FAB549324F5C" box="[463,590,1327,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">Ochthebius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD935FAAA49A04F5C" box="[606,732,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">Enicocerus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD987FAB5481A4F5C" box="[748,870,1327,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">granulatus</emphasis>
Mulsant
</taxonomicName>
achieves the largest body size recorded in the family (Jäch
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDA3AFACE4AF44F70" box="[337,392,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">et al.</emphasis>
, 2008; M.A. Jäch,
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD936FACE49994F70" box="[605,741,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">pers. comm.</emphasis>
). Although
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADD800FACE4F5D4F70" box="[875,1057,1363,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wolfbergensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD800FACE4F5D4F70" box="[875,1057,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">P. wolfbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2185797FFA2FFADDF4CFAC94FFC4F70" box="[1063,1152,1363,1387]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDF4CFAC94FFC4F70" bold="true" box="[1063,1152,1363,1387]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
displays a range of sizes, the largest
<typeStatus id="54E4885CFFA2FFADDA7CFAE24AFE4F8B" box="[279,386,1400,1424]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
slightly exceed
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADD928FAE2499E4F94" box="[579,738,1399,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Ochthebius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulatus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD928FAE2499E4F94" box="[579,738,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">O. granulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in length from labrum to elytral apex, and are much longer when their exposed abdominal apices are taken into account, making
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADD888FA064FE34FA8" box="[995,1183,1435,1459]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wolfbergensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD888FA064FE34FA8" box="[995,1183,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">P. wolfbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2185797FFA2FFADDFC6FA014E724FA8" box="[1197,1294,1435,1459]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDFC6FA014E724FA8" bold="true" box="[1197,1294,1435,1459]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
the longest hydraenid described to date.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE036FEFFA2FFAADBACFA794F674BEF" blockId="11.[151,1437,1255,2035]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="357" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDBACFA794A304FE0" box="[199,332,1507,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDBACFA794A304FE0" box="[199,332,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">Prosthetops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have been reported from a range of microhabitats, but based on both literature records (Perkins &amp; Balfour-Browne, 1994; Perkins, 2008), and recent observations many species seem to be most commonly associated with rain filled rockpools, either on montane plateaux, or on rocky outcrops beside rivers. Whilst riverside rockpools are formed by a combination of stone and water erosion, on montane plateaux pools result solely from the chemical weathering effects of rainwater (Williams, 2006). Temporary rockpools of this nature are found in many parts of the world, including tropical Africa (McLachlan &amp; Cantrell, 1980) and Western
<collectingCountry id="F348766EFFA2FFADDBFCF9214A7D4CC8" box="[151,257,1723,1747]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">Australia</collectingCountry>
, where they are known as gnammas (Bayly, 1992; 1997; Hendrich &amp; Fery, 2008). Such pools are dry for much of the year, and are inhabited by an invertebrate fauna composed of a mixture of highly mobile, opportunistic species and specialists, the latter often having life history adaptations to cope with seasonal drought, such as dormant eggs, or desiccation resistant stages (McLachlan &amp; Cantrell, 1980; Williams, 2006; Hendrich &amp; Fery, 2008). In the larger rockpools it inhabited
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADD913F8D648534D78" box="[632,815,1867,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wolfbergensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD913F8D648534D78" box="[632,815,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">P. wolfbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD853F8D148EE4D78" bold="true" box="[824,914,1867,1891]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2185797FFA2FFADD853F8D148EE4D78" box="[824,914,1867,1891]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
co-occurred with
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDF09F8D64FAC4D78" box="[1122,1232,1868,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setosus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDF09F8D64FAC4D78" box="[1122,1232,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">P. setosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDE63F8D149E84D9C" authority="Perkins &amp; Balfour-Browne, 1994" authorityName="Perkins &amp; Balfour-Browne" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parasthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigritus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDE63F8D14B924D9C" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">Parasthetops nigritus</emphasis>
Perkins &amp; Balfour-Browne, 1994
</taxonomicName>
, as well as
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADD850F8EA4E1E4D9C" authority="Knisch" authorityName="Knisch" box="[827,1378,1903,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crenitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zimmermanni">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD850F8EA4F414D9C" box="[827,1085,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">Crenitis zimmermanni</emphasis>
Knisch (Hydrophilidae)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDBFCF80949614DB0" authority="Boheman" authorityName="Boheman" box="[151,541,1939,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Canthyporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDBFCF8094AED4DB0" box="[151,401,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">Canthyporus lateralis</emphasis>
(Boheman)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADD934F80E48944DB0" authority="Guignot" authorityName="Guignot" box="[607,1000,1939,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Canthyporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petulans">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADD934F80E49984DB0" box="[607,740,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">C. petulans</emphasis>
Guignot (Dytiscidae)
</taxonomicName>
. Of these species,
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDFA5F80E4E3C4DB0" box="[1230,1344,1940,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setosus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDFA5F80E4E3C4DB0" box="[1230,1344,1940,1963]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">P. setosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA2FFADDEE9F80E4B894DD4" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Canthyporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDEE9F80E4B894DD4" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">C. lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appear to be associated with rockpool habitats (Perkins &amp; Balfour-Browne, 1994; Biström &amp; Nilsson, 2006; D T Bilton,
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDA0EF8464AAE4DE8" box="[357,466,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">pers. obs.</emphasis>
); other species being generalists. Observations of
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDF6DF8464FC44DE8" box="[1030,1208,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">P. w o l f b e rg e n s i s</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA2FFADDFA8F8414E614DE8" bold="true" box="[1219,1309,2011,2035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="356">sp. nov.</emphasis>
at Stadsaal cave reveal that both adults and mature larvae can be active in what were previously dry rockpools within one day of fresh rain. In this respect they resemble larvae and adults of
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA5FFAAD810FF264EE44ACE" authority="Mulsant &amp; Rey" authorityName="Mulsant &amp; Rey" box="[891,1432,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Ochthebius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="357" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lejolisii" subGenus="Cobalius">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAAD810FF2648864ACF" box="[891,1018,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">Ochthebius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADF65FF264F0F4ACF" box="[1038,1139,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">Cobalius</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADFEDFF264FA64ACF" box="[1158,1242,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">lejolisii</emphasis>
Mulsant &amp; Rey
</taxonomicName>
, which can appear within 1 hour of the experimental wetting of dry supralittoral pools in SW
<collectingCountry id="F348766EFFA5FFAADFC6FF454E774AEC" box="[1197,1291,223,247]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">England</collectingCountry>
(D T Bilton,
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADBFCFE9F4B804B07" box="[151,252,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">pers. obs</emphasis>
.). Whilst adult beetles can potentially escape drought by dispersal to more permanent waters (which may explain some records of adult
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA5FFAADA8DFEB249174B5B" box="[486,619,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="357" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADA8DFEB249174B5B" box="[486,619,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">Prosthetops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in other habitats), larvae do not have this option. Whether larvae of these insects have an ability to desiccate, as in the chironomid midge
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA5FFAAD837FED64E624B7F" authority="Hinton, 1951" authorityName="Hinton" authorityYear="1951" box="[860,1310,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="357" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanderplanki">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAAD837FED64FF94B7F" box="[860,1157,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">Polypedilum vanderplanki</emphasis>
Hinton, 1951
</taxonomicName>
(Watanabe
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADBFCFEEB4BB74B93" box="[151,203,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">et al</emphasis>
., 2002; Sakurai
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADAE6FEEB4ABD4B93" box="[397,449,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">et al</emphasis>
., 2008; Gusev
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAAD91EFEEB49D54B93" box="[629,681,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">et al</emphasis>
., 2010), or whether they survive the dry phase using some other mechanism (e.g. retreat to damp crevices below the pan) remains unknown, however. Adults of
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA5FFAADFB3FE0F4EE94BB7" box="[1240,1429,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="357" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADFB3FE0F4EE94BB7" box="[1240,1429,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">P. megacephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA5FFAADBFCFE234A784BCB" box="[151,260,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="357" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setosus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADBFCFE234A784BCB" box="[151,260,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">P. setosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D7DFFA5FFAADA57FE234A8E4BCB" box="[316,498,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Prosthetops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="357" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wolfbergensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADA57FE234A8E4BCB" box="[316,498,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">P. wolfbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2185797FFA5FFAADA90FE22492A4BCB" box="[507,598,440,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="357" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B92BEAECFFA5FFAADA90FE22492A4BCB" bold="true" box="[507,598,440,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="357">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
have also been found abundantly in running seepages over gently sloping exposed rock, which may provide similar biofilms to those present in rockpools.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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