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<document id="7D729BF0230D95B2486E444F1F9FD794" ID-CLB-Dataset="5673" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.757.1421" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3b98f62b-8461-4005-a418-51cf1e3b44f3" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5075772" ID-ZooBank="5931D88B-70AB-4553-A023-59B23472C1DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625579837669" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Azmaz, Musa &amp; Katilmiş, Yusuf" docDate="2021" docId="03F68783FFD98C6F8D2DFAC0FAC2FA0A" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-757_152-168.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 757" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.757.1421" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Aulacidea turguti Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="4D1AB085-3CDB-47DA-9A60-51D0A36306AB" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="157" masterDocId="FFCFFFFBFFD88C6A8F52FF85FFB5FFB5" masterDocTitle="Three new species of herb gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) from Turkey" masterLastPageNumber="168" masterPageNumber="152" pageNumber="153" updateTime="1699025882121" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7ED8F2B796B6503FF47804D5828D2C9A">
<mods:title id="A821FEB2BAFEBE2A8721C20D0AE06AED">Three new species of herb gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) from Turkey</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0E3C9AFF7749CE216A630EFF4FE32406" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F3BB5765464611EF643CAE5D6E87AC33">Azmaz, Musa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D500AC2090AAA97938C1C69851334F32">Laborant &amp; Veterinary Health Program, Department of Veterinary, Acıpayam Vocational High School, Pamukkale University, Acıpayam, Denizli, Turkey.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C798CB3A5CB37EEBE6C9CB543B01A06C" type="email">musazmaz@pau.edu.tr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5A503D81C6C51326CF7881CA3B311C84">Katilmiş, Yusuf</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5A397A4CA0EBADB4A04E232584E6D60E" type="LSID">DB75240C-1FCF-431F-B35A-DEB03A4A45AD</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="903F030D5396AFD08F27B0437DBBD101">Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts &amp; Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E97210287C87D768F9D602AEFC7EBBE2" type="email">ykatilmis@pau.edu.tr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E4D48D146FB8D7CE10CC30A260EA9322">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="81F4D9099EA8564AB406E51A1FF2C554">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E3E1924C56C2738A1B0EA75E9AA6AA51">2021-07-05</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F68783FFD98C6F8D2DFAC0FAC2FA0A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5076153" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183392421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5076153" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4D1AB085-3CDB-47DA-9A60-51D0A36306AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F68783FFD98C6F8D2DFAC0FAC2FA0A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFD98C6B8D2DFAC0FC00FAD5" box="[639,949,1349,1376]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD98C6B8D2DFAC0FC00FAD5" blockId="1.[354,1234,1349,1447]" box="[639,949,1349,1376]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<heading id="D0A881F9FFD98C6B8D2DFAC0FC00FAD5" box="[639,949,1349,1376]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD98C6B8D2DFAC0FCE6FAD5" authority="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[639,851,1349,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turguti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD98C6B8D2DFAC0FCE6FAD5" bold="true" box="[639,851,1349,1376]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Aulacidea turguti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFD98C6B8C09FAC3FC00FAD5" box="[859,949,1350,1376]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFD98C6B8E30FAECFCF8FA12" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD98C6B8E30FAECFB67FA31" blockId="1.[354,1234,1349,1447]" box="[354,1234,1385,1412]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<uri id="FFCE3A97FFD98C6B8E30FAECFB67FA31" box="[354,1234,1385,1412]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFF90C40FFD98C6B8DD0FAECFB67FA31" box="[642,1234,1385,1412]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">4D1AB085-3CDB-47DA-9A60-51D0A36306AB</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD98C6B8DB5FA08FCF8FA12" blockId="1.[354,1234,1349,1447]" box="[743,845,1421,1447]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<figureCitation id="13642A10FFD98C6B8DB5FA08FCF8FA12" box="[743,845,1421,1447]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="2.[189,231,1963,1989]" captionStartId-1="3.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,518,1901]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,658,1905]" captionTargetId-0="figure-91@2.[189,1400,518,1901]" captionTargetId-1="figure-96@3.[188,1398,658,1905]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Aulacidea turguti sp. nov., ♀. a. Head in anterior view. b. Mesosoma in dorsal view. c. Metasoma in lateral view. d. Head in posterior view. e. Scutum in dorsal view. f. Scutellum in dorsal view." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Aulacidea turguti sp. nov., ♀. a. Mesosoma in lateral view. b. Mesosoma in posterior view. c. Metasomal tergites T2, T3 and T4. d. Antenna. e. Leg. f. Radial cell of forewing." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075774" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075776" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5075774/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5075776/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFD98C698FEFFA4AFAC2FE39" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD98C6B8FEFFA4AFE83FA5C" blockId="1.[189,310,1487,1513]" box="[189,310,1487,1513]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<heading id="D0A881F9FFD98C6B8FEFFA4AFE83FA5C" bold="true" box="[189,310,1487,1513]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD98C6B8FEFFA4AFE83FA5C" bold="true" box="[189,310,1487,1513]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD98C698FEFFA7BFAC2FE39" blockId="1.[188,1400,1534,2025]" lastBlockId="3.[189,1399,265,397]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD98C6B8FEFFA7BFE39F9AD" authority="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,396,1534,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turguti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD98C6B8FEFFA7BFE39F9AD" box="[189,396,1534,1560]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Aulacidea turguti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFD98C6B8EC0FA7AFE5EF9AC" box="[402,491,1535,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
seems most closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD98C6B8C18FA7AFB18F9AD" authority="Niblett, 1946" authorityName="Niblett" authorityYear="1946" box="[842,1197,1534,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterminalis">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD98C6B8C18FA7AFBBEF9AD" box="[842,1035,1534,1561]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">A. subterminalis</emphasis>
Niblett, 1946
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD98C6B8BB0FA7AFEDEF989" authority="(Kieffer, 1901)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosellae">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD98C6B8BB0FA7AFAC0F9AD" box="[1250,1397,1534,1561]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">A. pilosellae</emphasis>
(Kieffer, 1901)
</taxonomicName>
based on the identification key (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B64FFD98C6B8D8DF9A7FCCFF988" author="Melika G." box="[735,890,1570,1597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" pagination="301 - 644" refId="ref6005" refString="Melika G. 2006. Gall Wasps of Ukraine. Cynipidae. Vestnik Zoologii Supplement 21 (1 - 2): 1 - 300, 301 - 644." type="journal article" year="2006">Melika 2006</bibRefCitation>
). In
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD98C6B8CF9F9A7FBAFF989" authority="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[939,1050,1570,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turguti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD98C6B8CF9F9A7FBAFF989" box="[939,1050,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">A. turguti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFD98C6B8B72F9A7FBCCF989" box="[1056,1145,1570,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the malar space is 0.8 times as long as height of eye; POL 2.2–2.3 times as long as LOL and 3.0–3.1 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus; clypeus trapezoid, smooth, a median incision absent; anterior tentorial pits distinct, small; clypeo-pleurostomal line indistinct; F1 1.6 times as long as pedicel; placodeal sensilla on F2– F11; scutum uniformly delicately alutaceous; scutellar foveae ovate, much broader than high, smooth, shining; dorsellum invisible or absent; lateral propodeal carinae slightly converging inwards in the most posterior part, with setae; nucha long; radial cell opened, veins R1 and Rs reaching anterior margin of wing, but R1 not extending along margin (in some specimens, vein along wing margin very indistinct, weakly pigmented or very thin pigmented, not easily visible); Rs + M of fore wing extending to ⅔ of distance between areolet and basalis; tergite 3 with micropunctures reaching anterior margin of tergite dorsally, with band of micropunctures dorsally (in a few specimens, sparse micropunctures narrowing towards lateral margin of tergite) and without micropunctures in lateral and ventral parts of tergite, while in
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD98C6B8F88F84AFE2FF85D" authorityName="Niblett" authorityYear="1946" box="[218,410,1998,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterminalis">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD98C6B8F88F84AFE2FF85D" box="[218,410,1998,2025]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">A. subterminalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
malar space 0.3–0.4 times as long as height of eye; POL 1.9 times as long as LOL and 2.8 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus; clypeus rectangular, delicately alutaceous, ventral margin slightly incised medially; anterior tentorial pits indistinct, small; clypeo-pleurostomal line distinct; F1 1.9 times as long as pedicel; placodeal sensilla on F3-F11; scutum uniformly delicately coriaceous, with transverse sculpture; scutellar foveae distinctly elongated, much higher than broad, smooth, shining; dorsellum delicately coriaceous, medially very narrow; lateral propodeal carinae straight, without setae; nucha short; radial cell closed, however vein along wing margin indistinct, weakly pigmented; Rs + M of fore wing distinctly reaching basal vein; tergite 3 with punctures reaching anterior margin of tergite dorsally, with band of punctures lateralo-dorsally. In addition, the gall of
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDB8C698BDCFEA8FB4AFEF3" authority="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[1166,1279,301,327]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turguti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698BDCFEA8FB4AFEF3" box="[1166,1279,301,327]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">A. turguti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFDB8C698A54FEA8FAEEFEF2" box="[1286,1371,301,327]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
is multilocular and has small oval larval chambers inside stem of
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDB8C698CF5FED5FBC2FEDC" authorityName="Freyn &amp; Sint. ex Freyn" authorityYear="1895" box="[935,1143,336,361]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patentissimum">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698CF5FED5FBC2FEDC" box="[935,1143,336,361]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">H. patentissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while inconspicuous galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDB8C698E4BFEF6FE6FFE39" authorityName="Niblett" authorityYear="1946" box="[281,474,370,397]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterminalis">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698E4BFEF6FE6FFE39" box="[281,474,370,397]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">A. subterminalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
develop under leaf rosette of
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDB8C698C66FEF6FC58FE38" box="[820,1005,371,397]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698C66FEF6FC06FE39" box="[820,947,371,396]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Hieracium</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
, more rarely on main vein of leaf.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF20661DFFDA8C688FEFF82EFB4AF85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075774" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5075774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075774/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="154" startId="2.[189,231,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,518,1901]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDA8C688FEFF82EFB4AF85D" blockId="2.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDA8C688FEFF82EFEBCF870" bold="true" box="[189,265,1963,1989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDA8C688E42F82EFE6CF870" authority="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[272,473,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turguti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDA8C688E42F82EFE6CF870" box="[272,473,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">Aulacidea turguti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFDA8C688EB3F829FD89F873" box="[481,572,1964,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDA8C688D3EF82EFDCEF870" bold="true" box="[620,635,1963,1989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">a</emphasis>
. Head in anterior view.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDA8C688CC2F82EFC15F870" bold="true" box="[912,928,1963,1989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">b</emphasis>
. Mesosoma in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDA8C688BB1F82EFB5AF870" bold="true" box="[1251,1263,1963,1989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">c</emphasis>
. Metasoma in lateral view.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDA8C688E3EF84BFEC9F85D" bold="true" box="[364,380,1998,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">d</emphasis>
. Head in posterior view.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDA8C688DCEF84BFD1CF85D" bold="true" box="[668,681,1998,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">e</emphasis>
. Scutum in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDA8C688C96F84BFC7BF85D" bold="true" box="[964,974,1998,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">f</emphasis>
. Scutellum in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFDB8C698FEFFE31FC38FE49" box="[189,909,436,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDB8C698FEFFE31FEF1FE7B" blockId="3.[189,324,436,462]" box="[189,324,436,462]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">
<heading id="D0A881F9FFDB8C698FEFFE31FEF1FE7B" bold="true" box="[189,324,436,462]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698FEFFE31FEF1FE7B" bold="true" box="[189,324,436,462]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDB8C698FEFFE66FC38FE49" blockId="3.[189,909,482,509]" box="[189,909,482,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">In honour of Prof. Dr Turgut Tok who is a senior Turcologist.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF20661DFFDB8C698FEFF82EFBC7F85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075776" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5075776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075776/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" startId="3.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,658,1905]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDB8C698FEFF82EFBC7F85D" blockId="3.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698FEFF82EFEB8F870" bold="true" box="[189,269,1963,1989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDB8C698E44F82EFE52F870" authority="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz &amp; Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[278,487,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turguti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698E44F82EFE52F870" box="[278,487,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Aulacidea turguti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFDB8C698EA2F829FDFBF873" box="[496,590,1964,1990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698DD0F82EFD24F870" bold="true" box="[642,657,1963,1989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">a</emphasis>
. Mesosoma in lateral view.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698CB1F82EFC47F870" bold="true" box="[995,1010,1963,1989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">b</emphasis>
. Mesosoma in posterior view.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698A31F82EFADAF870" bold="true" box="[1379,1391,1963,1989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">c</emphasis>
. Metasomal tergites T2, T3 and T4.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698D08F84BFDDFF85D" bold="true" box="[602,618,1998,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">d</emphasis>
. Antenna.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698DBAF84BFD40F85D" bold="true" box="[744,757,1998,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">e</emphasis>
. Leg.
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDB8C698C10F84BFCF9F85D" bold="true" box="[834,844,1998,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">f</emphasis>
. Radial cell of forewing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFDC8C6E8FEFFE8CFBFFFD94" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FEFFE8CFED9FE97" blockId="4.[189,364,264,291]" box="[189,364,264,291]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<heading id="D0A881F9FFDC8C6E8FEFFE8CFED9FE97" bold="true" box="[189,364,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDC8C6E8FEFFE8CFED9FE97" bold="true" box="[189,364,264,291]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FB8FEBDFEE9FEE7" blockId="4.[189,1399,312,445]" box="[234,348,312,338]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDC8C6E8FB8FEBDFEE9FEE7" bold="true" box="[234,348,312,338]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<typeStatus id="54E48837FFDC8C6E8FB8FEBDFEE9FEE7" box="[234,348,312,338]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FEFFED9FBF2FE09" blockId="4.[189,1399,312,445]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<materialsCitation id="3B373CC8FFDC8C6E8FEFFED9FBF2FE09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314140303" collectingDate="2019-06-13" collectingDateMax="2020-04-11" collectingDateMin="2019-06-13" collectionCode="PAU" collectorName="M. Azmaz &amp; Y. Katilmis" country="Turkey" elevation="1010" latitude="40.616665" location="Elmali" longLatPrecision="1161" longitude="39.066666" municipality="Kurtun" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Gumushane Province">
<collectingCountry id="F3487605FFDC8C6E8FEFFED9FE86FEC3" box="[189,307,348,374]" name="Turkey" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D59FD1CFFDC8C6E8E1FFED9FED1FEC3" box="[333,356,348,374]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="499BF877FFDC8C6E8E20FEDEFDC4FEC0" box="[370,625,347,373]" country="Turkey" name="Gumushane" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Gümüşhane Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B84ACEFFFDC8C6E8D2CFED9FD61FEC3" box="[638,724,348,374]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Kürtün</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E80604EFFDC8C6E8DB2FEDEFC87FEC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F68783FFD98C6F8D2DFAC0FAC2FA0A:8E80604EFFDC8C6E8DB2FEDEFC87FEC0" box="[736,818,347,373]" country="Turkey" latitude="40.616665" longLatPrecision="1161" longitude="39.066666" municipality="Kurtun" name="Elmali" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" stateProvince="Gumushane Province">Elmalı</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B5052FFDC8C6E8C6CFEDCFC1FFEC3" box="[830,938,345,374]" degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" precision="925" value="40.616665">40°37′ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B5052FFDC8C6E8CE5FEDCFB95FEC3" box="[951,1056,345,374]" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" precision="925" value="39.066666">39°04′ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CA79B70FFDC8C6E8B7FFEDEFB33FEC3" box="[1069,1158,347,374]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" unit="m" value="1010.0">
<elevation id="0072D1A6FFDC8C6E8B7FFEDEFB33FEC3" box="[1069,1158,347,374]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" unit="m" value="1010.0">1010 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l.; ex
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDC8C6E8BAAFED9FCECFE2C" authority="Freyn &amp; Sint. ex Freyn, 1895" authorityName="Freyn &amp; Sint. ex Freyn" authorityYear="1895" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patentissimum">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDC8C6E8BAAFED9FEDDFE2D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Hieracium patentissimum</emphasis>
Freyn &amp; Sint. ex Freyn, 1895 (Asteraceae)
</taxonomicName>
;
<collectorName id="26AA5343FFDC8C6E8C31FEFAFC6EFE2C" box="[867,987,383,409]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">M.Azmaz</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26AA5343FFDC8C6E8B5DFEFAFB27FE2D" box="[1039,1170,382,409]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Y. Katılmış</collectorName>
leg.; galls collected
<date id="FFE11055FFDC8C6E8FEFFE27FEE2FE09" box="[189,343,418,445]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" value="2019-06-13">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9BDFFDC8C6E8FEFFE27FEE2FE09" box="[189,343,418,445]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" value="2019-06-13">13 Jun. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<date id="FFE11055FFDC8C6E8E30FE27FDB5FE09" box="[354,512,418,444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" value="2019-09-24">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9BDFFDC8C6E8E30FE27FDB5FE09" box="[354,512,418,444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" value="2019-09-24">24 Sep. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<date id="FFE11055FFDC8C6E8D59FE27FD13FE09" box="[523,678,418,444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" value="2020-04-11">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9BDFFDC8C6E8D59FE27FD13FE09" box="[523,678,418,444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" value="2020-04-11">11 Apr. 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
; adult emerged
<date id="FFE11055FFDC8C6E8C32FE27FC4EFE09" box="[864,1019,418,444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" value="2020-04-20">20 Apr. 2020</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE50FFDC8C6E8B55FE27FBF6FE09" box="[1031,1091,418,444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">PAU</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FB8FE61FED2FE4B" blockId="4.[189,1098,484,546]" box="[234,359,484,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDC8C6E8FB8FE61FED2FE4B" bold="true" box="[234,359,484,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<typeStatus id="54E48837FFDC8C6E8FB8FE61FED2FE4B" box="[234,359,484,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FEFFD8DFBFFFD94" blockId="4.[189,1098,484,546]" box="[189,1098,519,546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<materialsCitation id="3B373CC8FFDC8C6E8FEFFD8DFBF2FD94" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314140301" box="[189,1095,519,546]" country="Turkey" location="Gumushane Province" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" specimenCount="112" specimenCount-female="67" specimenCount-male="45" stateProvince="Gumushane Province" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F3487605FFDC8C6E8FEFFD8DFE86FD97" box="[189,307,520,546]" name="Turkey" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D59FD1CFFDC8C6E8E1EFD82FE28FD97" box="[332,413,519,546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="female">67 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D59FD1CFFDC8C6E8EF9FD82FE4AFD97" box="[427,511,519,546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="male">45 ♂♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="499BF877FFDC8C6E8D59FD82FCBEFD94" box="[523,779,519,545]" country="Turkey" name="Gumushane" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Gümüşhane Province</collectingRegion>
; same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFDC8C6F8FEFFDCCFBB8FB90" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FEFFDCCFEFBFDD6" blockId="4.[189,334,585,611]" box="[189,334,585,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<heading id="D0A881F9FFDC8C6E8FEFFDCCFEFBFDD6" bold="true" box="[189,334,585,611]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDC8C6E8FEFFDCCFEFBFDD6" bold="true" box="[189,334,585,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FB8FDFDFEF0FD27" blockId="4.[189,543,632,695]" box="[234,325,632,658]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDC8C6E8FB8FDFDFEF0FD27" bold="true" box="[234,325,632,658]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FEFFD19FDAAFD03" blockId="4.[189,543,632,695]" box="[189,543,668,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
LENGTH.:
<quantity id="4CA79B70FFDC8C6E8E66FD19FE74FD03" box="[308,449,668,695]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.7 mm</quantity>
(n = 9).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FEFFD5BFCCFFC8A" blockId="4.[189,1398,734,831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma black, antenna, mandibles and palpi brown; all coxae, trochanters, femurs brown, tibiae and tarsi lighter. Metasoma dark reddish brown, dorsally to dark brown or black; hypopygium much lighter. Wing veins distinct, dark brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FEFFCE2FE36FA99" blockId="4.[188,1399,870,1324]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">HEAD. Delicately coriaceous, with uniformly sparse white setae, 1.95 times as broad as long from above, 1.2 times as broad as high in front view and slightly broader than mesosoma. Gena delicately coriaceous, broadened behind eye, visible ventrally behind eye in front view. Malar space 0.8 times as long as height of eye, with delicate striae, radiating from clypeus and extending to eye. POL 1.2 times as long as OOL, 2.2–2.3 times as long as LOL and 3.0–3.1 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus. Transfacial distance 1.4 times as long as height of eye and 1.3–1.4 times as long as height of lower face (distance between antennal rim and ventral margin of clypeus); diameter of antennal torulus 2.4 times as long as distance between them and 0.75 times as long as distance between torulus and eye margin. Lower face with delicately interrupted striae radiating from clypeus and reaching eyes and antennal sockets; median elevated area without striae, very delicately coriaceous. Clypeus trapezoid, broader than high, smooth, narrowly projecting medially, median incision absent; anterior tentorial pits small, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct and clypeo-pleurostomal line indistinct. Frons, vertex and occiput delicately coriaceous, with a few setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6E8FEFFAD1FDFDFA00" blockId="4.[189,1398,1363,1461]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">ANTENNA. 13-segmented; pedicel subglobose, 1.2 times as long as broad; F1 only 1.6 times as long as pedicel and equal to F2; F2 very slightly shorter than F3; F11 2.0–2.1 times as long as F10; placodeal sensilla on F2–F11, absent on F1.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDC8C6F8FEFFA58FB12FE07" blockId="4.[188,1400,1500,2025]" lastBlockId="5.[188,1399,265,434]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">MESOSOMA. Convex, 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view, with uniform sparse white setae. Pronotum alutaceous dorsally, very delicately coriaceous-alutaceous laterally, with few short weak wrinkles and relatively dense white setae along antero-lateral edge. Submedian pronotal pits distinct, transverse, separated by a distance slightly more than half width of a pit; pronotal plate alutaceous, delimited in anterior ⅔ of pronotum, without setae. Scutum uniformly delicately alutaceous with sparse setae, broader than long in dorsal view and 1.6 times as long as scutellum. Notauli complete, well-impressed, strongly broader posteriorly; median mesoscutal line long, sometimes reaching pronotum in form of a dark stripe, broad posteriorly and narrowing anteriorly; parapsidal lines reaching slightly above level of tegulae base; anterior parallel lines distinct, 0.3 times as long as length of scutum. Scutellum rugose, slightly broader than long, rounded posteriorly, with some stronger rugae, sculpture towards center of disk more delicate. Scutellar foveae distinctly ovate, broader than high, smooth, shining, without setae, indistinctly delimited posteriorly; separated by central carina. Mesopleuron, including speculum, uniformly, transversely striate. Metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at upper ⅓ of its height; axillar carina with longitudinal striae; axillula with dense setae, well delimited posteriorly; subaxillular bar smooth, shining, posteriorly nearly equal to height of metanotal trough; ventral bar of metanotal trough with delicate wrinkles, narrower than height of metanotal trough. Dorsellum invisible or absent; ventral impressed area reaching scutellum; metanotal trough smooth, with dense white setae; ventral impressed area of dorsellum shining with some delicate weak wrinkles. Lateral propodeal carinae uniformly thick, slightly converging inwards in most posterior part, with setae; central propodeal area smooth, with setae; lateral propodeal area smooth, with setae; nucha long, with regular longitudinal sulci.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFFE5FFB1BFDEA" blockId="5.[188,1399,474,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">FORE WING. With distinct brown veins, margin with cilia; veins R1 and Rs reach anterior margin of wing, but R1 not extending along margin (in some specimens, vein along wing margin very indistinct, weakly pigmented or very thinly pigmented, not easily visible); radial cell open, 2.6 times as long as broad; areolet small, distinct, Rs + M extending to ⅔ of distance between areolet and basalis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFFD02FDD2FCC2" blockId="5.[189,1399,647,888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">METASOMA. Longer than head+mesosoma, much longer than high in lateral view, with large hypopygium; metasomal tergite 2 with a patch of very dense white setae antero-laterally, impunctate; tergite 3 with micropunctures reaching anterior margin of tergite dorsally, with band of micropunctures dorsally (in a few specimens, sparse micropunctures narrowing towards lateral margin of tergite) and without micropunctures in lateral and ventral parts of tergite; subsequent tergites and hypopygium with dense distinct punctures; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium very short, with few short sparse setae not extending beyond apex of spine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FB8FC1AFE9FFC0C" blockId="5.[189,1399,927,1061]" box="[234,298,927,953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8FB8FC1AFE9FFC0C" bold="true" box="[234,298,927,953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFFC46FBB8FB90" blockId="5.[189,1399,927,1061]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
2.0–
<quantity id="4CA79B70FFDD8C6F8FA3FC46FEFFFC68" box="[241,330,963,989]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
(n = 5). Similar to female but antenna 14-segmented, pedicel globose, as broad as long; F1 1.9–2.0 times as long as pedicel, F1 nearly equal to F2, F3, F4 and F5, subsequent flagellomeres slightly shorter, F12 1.9–2.0 times as long as F11; placodeal sensilla on F1–F12.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFDD8C6F8FEFFBC9FBD7FB0C" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFFBC9FEA9FBD3" blockId="5.[189,284,1100,1126]" box="[189,284,1100,1126]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
<heading id="D0A881F9FFDD8C6F8FEFFBC9FEA9FBD3" bold="true" box="[189,284,1100,1126]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8FEFFBC9FEA9FBD3" bold="true" box="[189,284,1100,1126]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Biology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFFBFEFBD7FB0C" blockId="5.[189,1399,1147,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
The adult wasps are known to induce galls on
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDD8C6F8DB0FBF9FEE0FB0C" authority="Freyn &amp; Sint. ex Freyn, 1895" authorityName="Freyn &amp; Sint. ex Freyn" authorityYear="1895" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patentissimum">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8DB0FBF9FBA6FB20" box="[738,1043,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Hieracium patentissimum</emphasis>
Freyn &amp; Sint. ex Freyn, 1895 (Asteraceae)
</taxonomicName>
. Larvae overwinter in the gall, adults emerge next spring, in April.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFDD8C6F8FEFFB64FD2DFA9E" box="[189,664,1249,1323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFFB64FEE3FB4E" blockId="5.[189,342,1249,1275]" box="[189,342,1249,1275]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
<heading id="D0A881F9FFDD8C6F8FEFFB64FEE3FB4E" bold="true" box="[189,342,1249,1275]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8FEFFB64FEE3FB4E" bold="true" box="[189,342,1249,1275]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFFA95FD2DFA9E" blockId="5.[189,664,1296,1323]" box="[189,664,1296,1323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
Only known from
<collectingCountry id="F3487605FFDD8C6F8EC4FA95FE5FFA9F" box="[406,490,1296,1322]" name="Turkey" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="499BF877FFDD8C6F8EABFA95FD39FA9E" box="[505,652,1296,1323]" country="Turkey" name="Gumushane" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Gümüşhane</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFDD8C6F8FEFFAD7FAC2FA0A" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFFAD7FED8FAD9" blockId="5.[189,365,1362,1388]" box="[189,365,1362,1388]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
<heading id="D0A881F9FFDD8C6F8FEFFAD7FED8FAD9" bold="true" box="[189,365,1362,1388]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8FEFFAD7FED8FAD9" bold="true" box="[189,365,1362,1388]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Gall structure</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFFA04FAC2FA0A" blockId="5.[189,1399,1409,1472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
The gall develops on the stem of the host plant in an irregular swelling
<quantity id="4CA79B70FFDD8C6F8B49FA04FB29FA29" box="[1051,1180,1409,1436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="10.0">10–60 mm</quantity>
in length and
<quantity id="4CA79B70FFDD8C6F8A19FA04FEBAFA0A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20– 25 mm</quantity>
in diameter (
<figureCitation id="13642A10FFDD8C6F8EF8FA20FE44FA0A" box="[426,497,1445,1471]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[229,1351,265,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-12@6.[229,1351,265,1947]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Galls of Aulacidea turguti sp. nov. on host plant (photos by M. Azmaz)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075778/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). The gall is multilocular and has small oval larval chambers inside the stem.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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