108 lines
12 KiB
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108 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document id="424236EE0C39A03AFAC9523E73481145" ID-CLB-Dataset="22331" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4772.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ddb62273-2007-405c-968b-ebd41b334d22" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3814013" ID-ZooBank="FA9664B5-0439-44E0-BDFA-485CF1C2CCEF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588834819207" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="James, Helen F." docDate="2020" docId="03B6CA67FFF4FFE4FF3FFA5B7C95F851" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4772.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4772 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anatinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="114" masterDocId="FF8FB21FFFF7FFE7FFA8FF967F47FFEA" masterDocTitle="The Irvingtonian Avifauna of Cumberland Bone Cave, Maryland" masterLastPageNumber="131" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1698838858463" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="C70B8EECCDEEAE26544E5DDE4D2E8C2A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B5257C115003C7C49B036817D8EA0FFB">
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<mods:title id="AEFE994DB35682444B7D4D0CD5F19E12">The Irvingtonian Avifauna of Cumberland Bone Cave, Maryland</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="F6BE0B0390290E6C63EF5C03D10B180D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AEBF16126B01C9F783D9590DBAB9CC4E">James, Helen F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E485AFEB6E2AA0D5AE7E272FB45CB2B5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A8F927E78E469FB26D5AB781E53C86A9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="781085B19F8E04175EFE29AD0A93F985">
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<mods:date id="CAFA6D1413905AD5B7CA7A93C3447E51">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1D8E8876CE4ED615E87094C397495381">2020-05-07</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="583115C5E28770A20B96E2CA85D34991" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F8C7742DFBF320600AB566A7076E2AA7">4772</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="31801315B996DEE2B210C5D2AEA46F2C" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="91844877C198FB74E32C991257E5DA79">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="103A80A39AEE7358F280F860D3C6A7F3">111</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="A28ABD14BF55BDA70576F47E35A0927C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4772.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="286943CACB66893A0C2905C368EF7E62" type="GBIF-Dataset">ddb62273-2007-405c-968b-ebd41b334d22</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B6E78458E7B0DA42634555625FBDA79A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B6CA67FFF4FFE4FF3FFA5B7C95F851" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3815436" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163975522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3815436" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6CA67FFF4FFE4FF3FFA5B7C95F851" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B6CA67FFF4FFE4FF3FFA5B7C95F851" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<subSubSection id="C30528FAFFF4FFE4FF3FFA5B7C7FFA02" box="[151,824,1485,1512]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA07B71FFF4FFE4FF3FFA5B7C7FFA02" blockId="3.[151,824,1485,1512]" box="[151,824,1485,1512]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<heading id="D0E8CC1DFFF4FFE4FF3FFA5B7C7FFA02" bold="true" box="[151,824,1485,1512]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FF3FFA5B7C7FFA02" bold="true" box="[151,824,1485,1512]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F00F2FFF4FFE4FF3FFA5B7E4CFA0D" ID-CoL="J59" box="[151,267,1485,1511]" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anseriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anatinae">Anatinae</taxonomicName>
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, aff.
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FEE1FA5B7C7FFA02" bold="true" box="[329,824,1485,1512]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F00F2FFF4FFE4FEE1FA5B7D33FA02" box="[329,628,1485,1512]" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" genus="Anas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anseriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="crecca" subSpecies="carolinensis">Anas crecca carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F00F2FFF4FFE4FDD7FA5B7C7FFA02" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[639,824,1485,1512]" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" genus="Spatula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anseriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="discors">Spatula discors</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30528FAFFF4FFE4FF3FF9827BF4F9C5" box="[151,1203,1556,1583]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA07B71FFF4FFE4FF3FF9827BF4F9C5" blockId="3.[151,1437,1556,1979]" box="[151,1203,1556,1583]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FF3FF9827E41F9C5" bold="true" box="[151,262,1556,1583]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Material.</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED0EE3B4FFF4FFE4FEA5F9837E7EF9C5" box="[269,313,1557,1583]" country="China" name="Chongqing Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">CM</collectionCode>
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34027, l carpometacarpus: proximal end lacking most of the alular metacarpal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30528FAFFF4FFE4FF6FF9AE7D47F8C1" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA07B71FFF4FFE4FF6FF9AE7A44F8ED" blockId="3.[151,1437,1556,1979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FF6FF9AE7E1EF9B9" bold="true" box="[199,345,1592,1619]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Description.</emphasis>
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Smaller in size than all but the smallest group of anatids (
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<tableCitation id="C69D4ECAFFF4FFE4FC77F9AF7B75F9B9" box="[991,1074,1593,1619]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,153,177]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of the proximal end of the carpometacarpus in small North American taxa of Anatidae, in comparison with the Cumberland Bone Cave fossil CM 34027. Depth = shaft depth through major and minor metacarpals. Width = width of proximal end excluding os metacarpale alulare (measurement taken from the ventral surface of the bone)." pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Table 1</tableCitation>
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). Larger than
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F00F2FFF4FFE4FB7AF9AF7FF2F99D" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" genus="Oxyura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anseriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FB7AF9AF7FF2F99D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Oxyura jamaicensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and with a deeper fossa distal to the pisiform process and the carpal trochlea less narrow and blade-like. Larger than
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F00F2FFF4FFE4FF65F9177ED8F971" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[205,415,1665,1691]" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" genus="Bucephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anseriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albeola">
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FF65F9177ED8F971" box="[205,415,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Bucephala albeola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with the shaft of the major metacarpal wider and with a different configuration of rugosities in the supratrochlear fossa. Surface area of the supratrochlear fossa generally greater than, and the fossa generally wider distally than, in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F00F2FFF4FFE4FE3BF95F7D06F909" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[403,577,1737,1763]" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" genus="Spatula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anseriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="discors">
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FE3BF95F7D06F909" box="[403,577,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Spatula discors</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Surface area of supratrochlear fossa greater than in
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FB39F95F7A14F909" box="[1169,1363,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">A. c. carolinensis</emphasis>
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. Shaft depth across the major and minor metacarpals greater than observed in the modern comparative taxa.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA07B71FFF4FFE4FF6FF8847D47F8C1" blockId="3.[151,1437,1556,1979]" box="[199,512,1809,1835]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FF6FF8847E2EF8C1" box="[199,361,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Measurements</emphasis>
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. See
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<tableCitation id="C69D4ECAFFF4FFE4FE0EF8877EBDF8C1" box="[422,506,1809,1835]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,153,177]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of the proximal end of the carpometacarpus in small North American taxa of Anatidae, in comparison with the Cumberland Bone Cave fossil CM 34027. Depth = shaft depth through major and minor metacarpals. Width = width of proximal end excluding os metacarpale alulare (measurement taken from the ventral surface of the bone)." pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Table 1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30528FAFFF4FFE4FF6FF8A37C95F851" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA07B71FFF4FFE4FF6FF8A37C95F851" blockId="3.[151,1437,1556,1979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FF6FF8A37E7CF8A5" bold="true" box="[199,315,1845,1871]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Fragmentary anatine postcranial bones can be undiagnosable to species. This particular bone was previously attributed to
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FE09F8CF7D26F899" box="[417,609,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">A. c. carolinensis</emphasis>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8E0680FFF4FFE4FD22F8CF7B69F899" author="Brodkorb, P. & Mourer-Chauvire, C." box="[650,1070,1881,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" pagination="39 - 43" refId="ref12403" refString="Brodkorb, P. & Mourer-Chauvire, C. (1984) Pleistocene Birds from Cumberland Cave, Maryland. In: Genoways, H. H. & Dawson, M. R. (Eds.), Contributions in Quaternary Vertebrate Paleontology: A Volume in Memorial to John E. Guilday. Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Special Publication No. 8, pp. 39 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1984">Brodkorb & Mourer-Chauviré (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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, and I agree that that is the likely identification. However, the bone differs in at least minor ways from all comparative skeletons and I cannot exclude the possibility that it should be referred to
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F00F2FFF4FFE4FDDBF8377DA7F851" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[627,736,1953,1979]" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" genus="Spatula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anseriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="discors">
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<emphasis id="B96BA763FFF4FFE4FDDBF8377DA7F851" box="[627,736,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">S. discors</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or an extinct species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |