177 lines
19 KiB
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177 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="3143C39695101DA0A0BECB63D52A06D0" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00826.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5408089" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630348471941" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Han, Hongxiang, Galsworthy, Anthony C. & Xue, Dayong" docDate="2012" docId="0389DF41FFB0A924FEB9AA66FCF4FF3B" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2012.00826.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 165 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00826.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Linguisaccus Han & Galsworthy & Xue 2012, GEN. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="761" masterDocId="FFB0A739FF96A903FF93AC20FFF5FFC1" masterDocTitle="The Comibaenini of China (Geometridae: Geometrinae), with a review of the tribe" masterLastPageNumber="772" masterPageNumber="723" pageNumber="761" updateTime="1699240510822" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="63DA61E61017A008D6B86E13FC6F13B7">The Comibaenini of China (Geometridae: Geometrinae), with a review of the tribe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="999A3CD1B081796486DFDB9887C5F6A1">Han, Hongxiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="73DEF01A29FF6EC9A262D4153A66E49B">Galsworthy, Anthony C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F937E930B17A2124B1DF676E73C53E26">Xue, Dayong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="17467B068F24175E576B44662768A235">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="02C88BBD9D9E977C3C0E628F60030708">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="58C628F1D942F5C222B6971232D7F237">2012-07-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6B58B134229CDA0B57400AF9E1CA88C1">165</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="2B97EC0F41F66711A5C51257CECBEFA4">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00826.x</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="6A9A156D210A0CE2EC3E69AD4ED6693B" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00826.x</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FB9CC20B63AA5D7F928F2E406A42DE5A" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="37090DB28595FB35920B2931F03C75DB" type="Zenodo-Dep">5408089</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C33A3DDCFFB0A925FEB9AA66FDA9F99A" box="[298,604,1606,1627]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FEB9AA66FDA9F99A" blockId="38.[298,604,1606,1627]" box="[298,604,1606,1627]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<heading id="D0D7D93BFFB0A925FEB9AA66FDA9F99A" box="[298,604,1606,1627]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FEB9AA66FE2CF99B" authority="Han & Galsworthy & Xue, 2012" authorityName="Han & Galsworthy & Xue" authorityYear="2012" box="[298,473,1606,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Linguisaccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">LINGUISACCUS</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FE70AA69FDA9F99A" bold="true" box="[483,604,1606,1627]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2670F3EFFB0A925FE70AA69FDA9F99A" box="[483,604,1606,1627]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" rank="genus">GEN. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33A3DDCFFB0A924FF03AA4DFCF4FF3B" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="762" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FF03AA4DFD01F940" blockId="38.[144,756,1644,1666]" box="[144,756,1644,1666]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FF03AA4DFED4F943" box="[144,289,1645,1666]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<typeStatus id="549BD0F5FFB0A925FF03AA4DFF31F943" box="[144,196,1645,1666]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FEB8AA4CFD01F940" authority="Warren, 1899" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1899" box="[299,756,1644,1665]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Comostolodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subhyalina">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FEB8AA4CFDBBF940" box="[299,590,1644,1665]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Comostolodes subhyalina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB113A6FFB0A925FDC4AA4CFD01F940" author="Warren W" box="[599,756,1644,1665]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref36320" refString="Warren W. 1899. New species and genera of the families Drepanulidae, Thyrididae, Uraniidae Epiplemidae, and Geometridae from the Old-World Regions. Novitates Zoologicae 6: 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1899">Warren, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FF03AA86FEE4F97A" blockId="38.[144,273,1702,1723]" box="[144,273,1702,1723]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FF03AA86FEE4F97A" box="[144,273,1702,1723]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FF03AAFEFEF1F8AE" blockId="38.[144,759,1758,1903]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FF03AAFEFF14F932" box="[144,225,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Adults:</emphasis>
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Antenna in male basally bipectinate, terminally filiform, filiform in female. Frons moderately protruding. Labial palpus elongate in female. Hind tibia in male dilated, with hair-pencil and terminal extension.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FCACACE6FBD1FD66" blockId="38.[806,1422,198,1046]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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Wing shape and pattern. Wings green. Forewing a narrow white band along costal area, bordered externally and internally purple-red, extending inwards at one-third and two-thirds; marginal area similarly bordered, appearing as linked bead-like white patches, larger on tornal angle and sometimes on M
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<subScript id="17A46C12FFB0A925FA9CAD49FAE2FEB4" attach="left" box="[1295,1303,361,373]" fontSize="5" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">3</subScript>
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, the other patches being approximately of equal size; another three white spots ringed with purplish red present respectively on the middle of M
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<subScript id="17A46C12FFB0A925FB35ADE5FB5BFE10" attach="right" box="[1190,1198,453,465]" fontSize="5" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">3</subScript>
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, the base of CuA
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<subScript id="17A46C12FFB0A925FA16ADE5FA78FE10" attach="left" box="[1413,1421,453,465]" fontSize="5" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">2</subScript>
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(quite small) and the middle of the inner margin. Hindwing with outer margin area similar to forewing, and the middle of the inner margin with a long and narrow purplish-red streak. Brown discal spots on both wings small. Underside much paler, dull whitish green; forewing with costal area brown; streaks on upperside discernible.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FCACAE8FFB84FCC3" blockId="38.[806,1422,198,1046]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">The eighth segment is modified, both the tergite and sternite being concave at middle, with a pair of sclerotized lateral processes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FCACAF2BFAADFC5D" blockId="38.[806,1422,198,1046]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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Male genitalia. Uncus vestigial. Socii developed, tapering. Gnathos indistinct and ring-like. Valva short, simple. Saccus developed, tongue-like. Aedeagus broader than that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FBE6AF47FB00FCBD" box="[1141,1269,871,892]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Comibaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FBE6AF47FB00FCBD" box="[1141,1269,871,892]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Comibaena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, sclerotized, coecum penis more slender than aedeagus body.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FCACAF84FC2EFBD7" blockId="38.[806,1422,198,1046]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Female genitalia. Sterigma simply to complexly modified. Ductus bursae very slender or quite short. Corpus bursae large or small, very weak. Signum absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FCB5A865FBC0FB35" blockId="38.[806,1421,1093,1268]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FCB5A865FC68FB9B" box="[806,925,1093,1114]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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The wing pattern of this genus is very similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FC60A843FB4DFBB9" authorityName="WARREN" authorityYear="1896" box="[1011,1208,1123,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Chlorochromodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FC60A843FB4DFBB9" box="[1011,1208,1123,1144]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Chlorochromodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FB60A844FA73FBB8" authorityName="TURNER" authorityYear="1910" box="[1267,1414,1124,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Argyrocosma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FB60A844FA73FBB8" box="[1267,1414,1124,1145]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Argyrocosma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, the male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FB19A8A3FAEAFB59" authorityName="Han & Galsworthy & Xue" authorityYear="2012" box="[1162,1311,1155,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Linguisaccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FB19A8A3FAEAFB59" box="[1162,1311,1155,1176]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Linguisaccus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are quite different from those two genera in having a simple, tongue-like, not bifid saccus, and in the simple valva lacking any decoration.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FCB5A903FAD2FAF8" blockId="38.[806,1319,1315,1337]" box="[806,1319,1315,1337]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FCB5A903FC4DFAF9" box="[806,952,1315,1336]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Distribution:</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F3372EC7FFB0A925FC51A903FBFFFAF8" box="[962,1034,1315,1337]" name="China" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">China</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3372EC7FFB0A925FB8BA903FBA2FAF8" box="[1048,1111,1315,1337]" name="India" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3372EC7FFB0A925FBF6A903FB59FAF8" box="[1125,1196,1315,1337]" name="Nepal" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3372EC7FFB0A925FB29A903FAD6FAF8" box="[1210,1315,1315,1337]" name="Pakistan" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FCB5A948FC82FA7B" blockId="38.[806,1421,1384,1466]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FCB5A948FC51FABC" box="[806,932,1384,1405]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Etymology:</emphasis>
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The generic name, which is masculine, derives from the Latin words meaning tongue and saccus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A925FCB5A9CAFB48F99A" blockId="38.[806,1421,1514,1903]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FCB5A9CAFC67FA3E" box="[806,914,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Remarks:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB113A6FFB0A925FC0AA9CAFB93F9C1" author="Han H-X & Xue D-Y" box="[921,1126,1514,1536]" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" refId="ref33609" refString="Han H-X, Xue D-Y. 2011. Fauna sinica (Insecta vol. 54, Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae). Beijing: Science Press [in Chinese with English abstract]." type="book" year="2011">Han & Xue (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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reported that the distinct characters of the species known then as
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FA9EAA28FC50F9FD" authorityName=": Prout" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Comibaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subhyalina">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FA9EAA28FC50F9FD" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Comibaena subhyalina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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might justify the erection of a new genus. We now formalize this proposition.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F6E57FFB0A924FCACAA44FCF4FF3B" blockId="38.[806,1421,1514,1903]" lastBlockId="39.[164,779,198,250]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="762" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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As explained in the Introduction,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FB6BAA45FA78F9BB" authorityName="Han & Galsworthy & Xue" authorityYear="2012" box="[1272,1421,1637,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Linguisaccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FB6BAA45FA78F9BB" box="[1272,1421,1637,1658]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Linguisaccus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a differently shaped saccus in the male genitalia from other members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FBEFAA81FAE5F976" authorityName="Inoue" authorityYear="1961" box="[1148,1296,1697,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Comibaenini">Comibaenini</taxonomicName>
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, and thus lacks the principal synapomorphy of the tribe. However, its wing pattern is almost identical to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FCD1AADDFBF2F8D3" authorityName="WARREN" authorityYear="1896" box="[834,1031,1789,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Chlorochromodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FCD1AADDFBF2F8D3" box="[834,1031,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Chlorochromodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FBD2AADDFB21F8D3" authorityName="TURNER" authorityYear="1910" box="[1089,1236,1789,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Argyrocosma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FBD2AADDFB21F8D3" box="[1089,1236,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Argyrocosma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and it shares a simple valva with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FB8AAB3CFB8FF8F0" authorityName="BOISDUVAL" authorityYear="1840" box="[1049,1146,1820,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Thetidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FB8AAB3CFB8FF8F0" box="[1049,1146,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Thetidia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and some species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FCB5AB1AFC53F88E" box="[806,934,1850,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Comibaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FCB5AB1AFC53F88E" box="[806,934,1850,1871]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">Comibaena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis id="B954B245FFB0A925FC70AB1AFB61F88E" box="[995,1172,1850,1871]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="761">
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FC70AB1AFB65F88E" authorityName="HOLLOWAY" authorityYear="1996" box="[995,1168,1850,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Protuliocnemis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Protuliocnemis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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It does not fit in any other tribe of the
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB0A925FC60AB79FB7FF8AE" authorityName=", Hausmann" authorityYear="1996" box="[1011,1162,1881,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="772" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Geometrinae">Geometrinae</taxonomicName>
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|
. Although the position is not entirely satisfactory, we consider that for the moment it is best retained within the
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C2015D4FFB1A924FDFBACC4FD08FF3B" authorityName="Inoue" authorityYear="1961" box="[616,765,228,250]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="762" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Comibaenini">Comibaenini</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |