187 lines
16 KiB
XML
187 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0C4E9FF4206C7DBA3965DCDCC056061D">Tadpoles of three western African frog genera: Astylosternus Werner, 1898, Nyctibates Boulenger, 1904, and Scotobleps Boulenger, 1900 (Amphibia, Anura, Arthroleptidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9490B4128AC4DBCD3D79524BC5691520">Griesbaum, Frederic</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8082BB47D96FAA0B6A35397D3ABC16F1">Hirschfeld, Mareike</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="489E7CD18B06DA41FEBE33C6801121D4">F. Barej, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3B764BCB6B26BE2D8223FD7E13161535">Schmitz, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="77A8DF308AB607932A6C7CAB89CD4165">Rohrmoser, Mariam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C6CEF6EE8123DD5834B26CAF65E87454">Dahmen, Matthias</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D9724DE576A7859AAE2A26ED4131EB4B">Muehlberger, Fabian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="640058FD778724D12E3D0875D2E9A9A2">Christoph Liedtke, H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9CB65326905911DF0197F4B04E27B482">L. Gonwouo, Nono</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9A98166733413F31463A75089940B395">Doumbia, Joseph</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="156241E6663A38D9788DF58FDE2576CB">Roedel, Mark-Oliver</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="06772CF63A5037A2F1739EB1F3C8E10A">Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7F40CB7BCD50778C514DAED5A7F32588">
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<mods:date id="E46F1457DFC34AB0826200E8964C19C2">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3CD634E4CFF7860BD0E6ED2B573A211E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="AAD7271B0BE8C933D55B4BD6207AB7EE">95</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="29BCA03E32364447521CF73B4DA02F73">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="661085170BFF8D1FF44F1F10B54ED881">133</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="02C5B39F27807F81E8CD2593867FA980">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.95.32793</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="062DFAF6926D87081B0A31C4028150F7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5226C2F8EB3FE7FAE1062561B80B9840" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.95.32793</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="217ECE03483EA31A51E5FFD26ADB6594" type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-0743-1-133</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8F5C7E04F662D500F76A7324F9FD8344" type="ZooBank">3447C0590FE0482F81D09F91BC1ED7EC</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A5467A56F75F9A6D716601BB6A70E9B1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156108982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A5467A56F75F9A6D716601BB6A70E9B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A5467A56F75F9A6D716601BB6A70E9B1" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
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<subSubSection id="C520F939C612ECDE5E17070830F82953" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D9029FFFCF27DD09913F65E519E4D50E" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
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<taxonomicName id="AC6C3D745046D2DF7FE493CC349B434C" ID-CoL="J647" authority="Amiet, 1978" authorityName="Amiet" authorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Arthroleptidae" genus="Astylosternus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astylosternus montanus" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">Astylosternus montanus Amiet, 1978</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="73C7660BE8FBB63750DDBFDE4CAB53E1" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E55CB800B11909E0FB021B66F938D4AF" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C46D64CFA1F8331050AD4AABD7279B36" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
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ZMB 82871 (GenBank MK318857), 2 tadpoles, Gosner stage 28 (A) and stage 25 (B), Cameroon, Mt Manengouba, 1290 m,
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<geoCoordinate id="1CA28B0C91F72BFC7D9C61D775264CC9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.9732666">4°58'23.76"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5DD737F8ADC800FEA748BB789A868C47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="9.8755">9°52'31.8"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 21 November 2010, leg. M. Hirschfeld; ZMB 82872, Gosner stage 25, Cameroon, Mt Manengouba, Ebonemin, 1365 m,
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<geoCoordinate id="6B411D2B377D68A483DE9C6AA03015D3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="5.0091667">5°0'33"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="8D36F425F249D8BB2FFD60A942ECE761" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="9.775">9°46'30"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 14 December 2010, leg. M. Hirschfeld; ZMB 82873, 2 tadpoles, Gosner stage 25, Cameroon, Mt Manengouba, Ebonemin, 1372 m,
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<geoCoordinate id="8970B1DA0EA7BE4656B1E1D3CA36642B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.0129166">5°0'46.5"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="6BF5F41300A231ABEA2975B4B97D4A1D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="9.768283">9°46'5.82"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 16 December 2010, leg. M. Hirschfeld; ZMB 82874 (GenBank MK318860), 2 tadpoles, Gosner stage 35, Cameroon, Mt Manengouba, Ebonemin, 1417 m,
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<geoCoordinate id="97E3D35BB83F53A8BCD7DDCF83FF248E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.0243335">5°1'27.6"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E11D426D0D120C07DBF470ED344C1536" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="9.764778">9°45'53.2"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 15 August 2011, leg. M. Hirschfeld; ZMB 82875 (GenBank MK318861), Gosner stage 25, Cameroon, Mt Manengouba, Ebonemin, 1356 m,
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<geoCoordinate id="AFE364226DEC2317CC5C07B2386A0C68" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.0259447">5°1'33.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="6F4180EA25B7EEEF0AE27533C3A3C99B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="9.762972">9°45'46.7"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 16 August 2011, leg. M. Hirschfeld; ZMB 82876 (GenBank MK318862), Gosner stage 25, Cameroon, Mt Manengouba, Ebonemin, 1372 m,
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<geoCoordinate id="C77284C4C6730D6D70F4949576ED3D24" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.0129166">5°0'46.5"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="651B2EBD8B50E4015EB134A941032446" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="9.768277">9°46'5.8"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 7 October 2011, leg. M. Hirschfeld.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E0E8F10F1A7F1EACD877D06B8F7FB99D" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">All tadpoles were caught in small to medium-sized streams. The description is mainly based on ZMB 82875. The genotyped tadpoles have been compared with an adult from Mount Rata, Rumpi Hills, Cameroon (MHNG 2715.35; GenBank MK318863). The uncorrected pairwise p-difference between tadpoles and between tadpoles and the adult ranged from 0.20-0.71% (1-4 bp).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9D2E138B02580EDAE80DD2CE33FAEDE4" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5984DC5D3D7FA6E9051059D9034EFCBF" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4EEECEDB5FE16EE9167B90C3C8E05130" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
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Robust tadpole with long muscular tail (Fig. 9); body bullet-shaped in dorsal view, more oval in lateral view; back with a longitudinal medial depression; snout broadly rounded in dorsal view, more narrowly rounded in lateral view; body length 33.3
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<normalizedToken id="3DEA65DC8C3924B80055C99CB5081C92" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.0% of total length; body height 43.8
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<normalizedToken id="CCD779CAE10EF6ECE2EDAF08F81D2D00" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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4.5% of body length; body width 55.8
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<normalizedToken id="439C521F3B4478282A3A9F6D3FFAF2AB" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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5.0% of body length; eyes positioned dorsolaterally, eye diameter 10.5
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<normalizedToken id="1CE6C8242648094826CFD5465C2C8E92" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.8% of body length; nostrils positioned dorsolaterally, closer to snout tip than to eyes; inter-nostril distance 81.8
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<normalizedToken id="30AEDC9A86AF917CD612AC06F77EB08D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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11.5% of interorbital distance; tail fins narrow; ventral fin originating from tail base, dorsal fin slightly behind, ventral fin height 70.7
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<normalizedToken id="88656BFF6C0183A54AC05E06B1315E61" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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6.8% of dorsal fin height; highest part of tail at about middle of tail length; body height 104.6
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<normalizedToken id="D405C85E2DB01D636EC9547341E4E91D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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12.2% of maximum tail height; tail axis width 47.9
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<normalizedToken id="8104A19FE422D8F23F999242DD1529B1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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9.3% of body width; tail axis height 70.2
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<normalizedToken id="B429E55E8EF44ACCE5BE0328404C5DD2" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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10.2% of maximum tail height; tail tip pointed; vent tube dextral; body with large lateral sacs, extending from spiracle to end of body; short spiracle, sinistral; mouth ventral, close to snout, narrower than interorbital distance; keratodont formula 1:2+2/2+2:1; anterior lip with large rostral gap, only few small papillae anterior to angles of mouth; posterior lip with two rows of around 30 triangular papillae, slightly longer than wide with rounded tips (Fig. 9c); black, massive, serrated jaw sheaths; upper jaw arched with a small medial projection (fang), lower jaw V-shaped.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="1A31B46E07A086A47C5592ECFC3FDE20" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
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<paragraph id="51C2723D48E3FE8F2E7193AD30E3899B" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
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Figure 9.
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<taxonomicName id="B598E562EDCB9B874D94D9293A96174D" class="Amphibia" family="Arthroleptidae" genus="Astylosternus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astylosternus montanus" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">Astylosternus montanus</taxonomicName>
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tadpoles, a, c, d ZMB 82875 (Gosner stage 25), and b ZMB 82871 (Gosner stage 28);
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<normalizedToken id="A7477F43794DE40648F5B79420ED3E1E" originalValue="a–b">a-b</normalizedToken>
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lateral, and c dorsal view; d oral disc; e keratodont arrangement; black bars = 1 cm, white bar = 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="FE497370D826934835FA491B42E89A57" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">The largest tadpole in Gosner stage 25 has a body length of 22.5 mm; the longest one (Gosner stage 28) had a total length of 73.2 mm.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58CBB965E28E5EAB35BB3E9A7ECFBFE9" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" type="coloration in preservation">
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<paragraph id="AA3F9E2E8B07BBA689ECDD7674353FFC" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Coloration in preservation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BFDDF97CE46BA0B774E706D51706710D" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Basic color brownish, dorsal surfaces darker than ventral ones, turning into yellow, tail lighter brown; tail axis with few dark speckles; tail fins very light brown, semitransparent and with a longitudinal row of small spots on the margin of dorsal fin.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="88134ABDBF2AF44E30E812DCF039900F" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" type="taxonomic remarks">
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<paragraph id="357B8D6BEE5DAAA6B857A7ACCB53290A" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Taxonomic remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="44B004E53A014F676970745411981FFA" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
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As in
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<taxonomicName id="E60DE8C68F4D7406264DD8CE83D3F2F3" lsidName="A. batesi" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" rank="species" species="batesi">A. batesi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="9FE7503BA3733E4152B1EACC4714FCC3" lsidName="A. fallax" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" rank="species" species="fallax">A. fallax</taxonomicName>
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, we have molecular evidence for cryptic diversity in
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<taxonomicName id="E7A0F2BEAA3214A6CA2C6B451915EAD1" lsidName="A. montanus" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" rank="species" species="montanus">A. montanus</taxonomicName>
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. Apart from the above listed material, we had access to further samples which represented an additional genetic lineage. The distances between the two clades reached an uncorrected pairwise distance of 2.5%.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |