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<mods:title id="0C712777C4DA8ABD8A983B7720EC5161">The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="48D5315269C1DA06B175FF33C5D80507">Moghaddam, Masumeh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="26B7D828A24B668777FA2FA50F1B3EE6">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BCD3130332495DE648EFBFC521813577">Watson, Gillian W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4DE262A1981A64D32ECDBF0261457856">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran. &amp; Science: Research, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K. gillian. watson @ nhm. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9914 - 0094 * Corresponding author. moghadam @ iripp. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0908 - 838 X &amp; Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="100D368EFF3539E792DA95E6378FDF8F" blockId="168.[151,702,690,717]" box="[151,702,690,717]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E792DA95E6378FDF8F" bold="true" box="[151,702,690,717]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E792A395E7378FDF8F" ID-CoL="6438Z" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison" box="[238,702,690,717]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pseudaspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E792A395E7370EDF8E" bold="true" box="[238,575,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">PSEUDASPIDOPROCTUS</emphasis>
Morrison
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF3539E792DA95A33472DE6D" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF3539E792DA95A33472DE6D" blockId="168.[151,1436,759,814]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="30A211A0FF3539E792DA95A33472DE6D" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFF3539E792DA95A3376BDE4C" author="Morrison, H." box="[151,602,759,783]" page="104" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" year="1927">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E792DA95A3376BDE4C" ID-CoL="6438Z" authority="Morrison, 1927: 104" authorityName="Morrison" authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,602,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pseudaspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E792DA95A33455DE4C" box="[151,356,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Pseudaspidoproctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF3539E7933E95A3376BDE4C" author="Morrison, H." box="[371,602,759,783]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" pagination="99 - 109" refId="ref106664" refString="Morrison, H. (1927) Descriptions of new genera and species belonging to the coccid family Margarodidae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 40, 99 - 109." type="journal article" year="1927">Morrison, 1927: 104</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
<typeStatus id="CF09882CFF3539E7902095AC37AEDE53" box="[621,671,760,784]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E7914295A3315BDE4C" authority="Hall" authorityName="Hall" authorityYear="1925" box="[783,1130,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Aspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypheniacus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E7914295A3311EDE4C" box="[783,1071,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Aspidoproctus hypheniacus</emphasis>
Hall
</taxonomicName>
by monotypy and original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="58A86505FF3539E792DA94083438D99D" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF3539E792DA94083438D99D" blockId="168.[151,1437,860,1319]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E792DA940837A1DE35" bold="true" box="[151,656,860,886]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Diagnostic characters of the adult female:</emphasis>
Live
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E7909E94083684DE35" ID-CoL="6438Z" box="[723,949,860,886]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pseudaspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E7909E94083684DE35" box="[723,949,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Pseudaspidoproctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are recognized by having: (i) broadly oval bodies, with dorsum strongly convex; and in slide-mounted specimens, (ii) a ventral internal marsupium where the eggs are deposited until they hatch; (iii) antennae usually each with 811 segments; (iv) legs well developed, with some setae on undersides of femur, tibia and tarsus stout and spine-like; claw stout, almost denticulate; claw digitules stout at base, with slender tips (not illustrated); (v) abdominal spiracles numbering 7 pairs (not illustrated), each without disc-pores in atrium; (vi) anal tube well developed, with a rim of pores (not illustrated); (vii) cicatrices numbering 3, situated posterior to vulva; (viii) spines of body thin, elongated, with rounded apex, often curved, located on both surfaces of the body but especially numerous on dorsal surface; (ix) setae robust, of various lengths, numerous; (x) multilocular disc-pores with 14 central loculi and 510 loculi in outer ring; (xi) in addition to setae, numerous thin, small cylindrical spines covering both surfaces; and (xii) without elongate tubular bilocular pores at margin.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="58A86505FF3539E7928A93BC31E7D865" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF3539E7928A93BC31E7D865" blockId="168.[151,1437,860,1319]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E7928A93BC3463D841" bold="true" box="[199,338,1256,1282]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Comments:</emphasis>
Worldwide, eight species are included in
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E7916293BC3178D841" authority="Hall" authorityName="Hall" box="[815,1097,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pseudaspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E7916293BC3120D841" box="[815,1041,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Pseudaspidoproctus</emphasis>
Hall
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF3539E7961493BC30A1D841" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." box="[1113,1424,1256,1283]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E7975F93BD3075D841" box="[1298,1348,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
); the species
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E793559259349BD865" box="[280,426,1293,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pseudaspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gramineus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E793559259349BD865" box="[280,426,1293,1318]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">P. gramineus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E793AD925937A7D865" box="[480,662,1292,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pseudaspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyphaeniacus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E793AD925937A7D865" box="[480,662,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">P. hyphaeniacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF3539E791F6925936D9D864" box="[955,1000,1293,1319]" name="Iran" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Iran</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF3539E791BB925831FBD865" author="Moghaddam, M." box="[1014,1226,1292,1318]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF3539E792DA922C30ADD8B3" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="key">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF3539E792DA922C31A1D8D1" blockId="168.[151,1168,1399,1427]" box="[151,1168,1399,1427]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E792DA922C37F7D8D1" bold="true" box="[151,710,1399,1426]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
Key to species of
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E793239223376ED8D1" ID-CoL="6438Z" box="[366,607,1399,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pseudaspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E793239223376ED8D1" bold="true" box="[366,607,1399,1426]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Pseudaspidoproctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF3539E790CA922C37F1D8D1" box="[647,704,1400,1426]" name="Iran" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
based on slide-mounted adult females.
</paragraph>
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<key id="642361BFFF3539E792DA92E930ADD8B3" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF3539E792DA92E930ADD890" blockId="168.[151,1436,1469,1520]" box="[151,1436,1469,1491]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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1(0) Dorsum with very few multilocular disc-pores, each pore with 3 central loculi............
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E7963C92E930ADD890" ID-CoL="4NLGG" authority="Jashenko &amp; Danzig" authorityName="Jashenko &amp; Danzig" box="[1137,1436,1469,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pseudaspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gramineus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E7963C92E931EBD891" bold="true" box="[1137,1242,1469,1490]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">gramineus</emphasis>
Jashenko &amp; Danzig
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFF3539E792DA928F30ADD8B3" blockId="168.[151,1436,1469,1520]" box="[151,1436,1498,1520]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<keyLead id="AB4395BBFF3539E792DA928F30ADD8B3" box="[151,1436,1498,1520]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
- Dorsum with multilocular disc-pores numerous, each pore with 14 central loculi..................
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF3539E79699928E30ADD8B3" ID-CoL="4NLGH" authority="(Hall)" baseAuthorityName="Hall" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1236,1436,1498,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Pseudaspidoproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyphaeniacus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF3539E79699928E306CD8B3" bold="true" box="[1236,1373,1498,1520]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">hyphaeniacus</emphasis>
(Hall)
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</key>
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</treatment>
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