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<document id="D74615C5789382058ACE7720D71A2C7E" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.774.1531" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8d93af91-9490-40ee-8585-797b2accd9ce" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5557162" ID-ZooBank="0974BA12-57D5-4AFA-8E89-560ABDEF3AB1" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1633704121274" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Islam, Md Niraul &amp; Ahmad, Wasim" docDate="2021" docId="B75DB220FF8A8867ACF84DD4FD2AFA05" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-774_58-105.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 774 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.774.1531" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tylencholaimus ibericus Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans 1994" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="4B64CA58FF868868AD464C2EFFFBFFD4" masterDocTitle="Five new and five known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Tylencholaimoidea) from Western Ghats of India" masterLastPageNumber="105" masterPageNumber="58" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1733351461865" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="0239FB294D4AFE7B75667DBA930A584A">Five new and five known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Tylencholaimoidea) from Western Ghats of India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FABF74B891AFD7E064CFA06EBD7CFA93">Islam, Md Niraul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0AD26C8FD65397F5C70D4C5DACD8DA7D">Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh- 202002, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E53BEC9341BE71C4DFF4EC764ECBDAD9">Ahmad, Wasim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6BDE0C9713603EC9C7311BEB33B01B10">Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh- 202002, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="E0351D6ED47000BA91BC3CF978719956">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="00DF220C92DDEEF0E31DE3BE8E36AF7E">2021</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF8A8864ACF84DD4FB8EFDC1" blockId="12.[446,1141,506,568]" box="[446,1141,506,533]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF8A8864ACF84DD4FB8EFDC1" authority="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityYear="1994" box="[446,1141,506,533]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ACF84DD4FD1CFDC1" bold="true" box="[446,743,506,533]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Tylencholaimus ibericus</emphasis>
Peña-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994
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<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF8A8864AF834E30FC94FDEC" box="[709,879,541,568]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" type="description">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF8A8864AF834E30FC94FDEC" blockId="12.[446,1141,506,568]" box="[709,879,541,568]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<figureCitation id="A7CF1FB3FF8A8864AF834E30FCF0FDEC" box="[709,779,541,568]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[294,1295,268,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[285,1302,263,1814]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Tylencholaimus ibericus Peña-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994 (LM photographs). A–B. Female anterior region. C. Female anterior region showing amphid. D. Female pharyngeal region. E. Female expanded part of pharynx. F. Female pharyngo-intestinal junction. G. Vulval region. H–I. Female genital system. J. Female posterior region. K. Male posterior region. L. Male posterior end. Scale bars: A–C, E–L = 10 μm; D = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5557176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5557176/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="7276368DFF8A8864AE5E4E30FC94FDEC" box="[792,879,542,568]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="14.[189,259,263,289]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Table 4. Measurements ofTylencholaimus ibericus Peña-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994. All measurements are in µm and in the form: mean ± s.d. range) for the Bhagamandala population." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6B8B53BEFF888866ADFB4D29FB92FE90" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" tableUuid="6B8B53BEFF888866ADFB4D29FB92FE90">Table 4</tableCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE42418FF8A8864ADFB4E71FC0FFDAE" box="[189,1012,607,634]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF8A8864ADFB4E71FC0BFDAE" author="Pena-Santiago R &amp; Coomans A." box="[189,1008,607,634]" page="358" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" year="1994">
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF8A8864ADFB4E71FC0BFDAE" authority="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994 c: 355 - 358" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityPageNumber="355 - 358" authorityYear="1994" box="[189,1008,607,634]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ADFB4E71FE20FDAD" box="[189,475,607,633]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Tylencholaimus ibericus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF8A8864ACA44E71FC0BFDAE" author="Pena-Santiago R &amp; Coomans A." box="[482,1008,607,634]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" pagination="348 - 368" refId="ref23027" refString="Pena-Santiago R &amp; Coomans A. 1994 c. Revision of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876. Prodelphic species: Part III. Nematologica 40: 348 - 368. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 003525994 X 00256" type="journal article" year="1994">Peña-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994c: 355–358</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE42418FF8A8864ADFB4EACFCB7FD48" box="[189,844,642,668]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF8A8864ADFB4EACFCB3FD48" author="Ahmad W. &amp; Araki M." box="[189,840,642,668]" page="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" year="2003">
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF8A8864ADFB4EACFCB3FD48" authority="Ahmad &amp; Araki, 2003: 9 - 12" authorityName="Ahmad &amp; Araki" authorityPageNumber="9 - 12" authorityYear="2003" box="[189,840,642,668]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ADFB4EACFE15FD48" box="[189,494,642,668]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Tylencholaimus japonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF8A8864ACB24EACFCB3FD48" author="Ahmad W. &amp; Araki M." box="[500,840,642,668]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref21393" refString="Ahmad W. &amp; Araki M. 2003. New and known species of the family Tylencholaimidae (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Japan. Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 6: 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="2003">Ahmad &amp; Araki, 2003: 9–12</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE42418FF8A8864ADFB4E8BFCC8FD14" box="[189,819,677,704]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF8A8864ADFB4E8BFCD4FD14" author="Wu W. J. &amp; Xu C. L. &amp; Xie H. &amp; Wang D. W." box="[189,815,677,704]" page="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" year="2019">
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF8A8864ADFB4E8BFCD4FD14" authority="Wu et al., 2019: 4 - 8" authorityName="Wu" authorityPageNumber="4 - 8" authorityYear="2019" box="[189,815,677,704]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="zhongshanensis">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ADFB4E8BFDCFFD6B" box="[189,564,677,703]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Tylencholaimus zhongshanensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF8A8864AF7D4E88FCD4FD14" author="Wu W. J. &amp; Xu C. L. &amp; Xie H. &amp; Wang D. W." box="[571,815,677,704]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref23473" refString="Wu W. J., Xu C. L., Xie H. &amp; Wang D. W. 2019. Three new species, one new genus and subfamily of Dorylaimida (de Man, 1876) Pearse, 1942, and revisions on the families Tylecholaimellidae Jairajpuri, 1964 and Mydonomidae Thorne, 1964 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida). PeerJ 7541: 1 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7541" type="journal article" year="2019">
Wu
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864AF2A4E88FD64FD6B" box="[620,671,677,703]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">et al</emphasis>
., 2019: 4–8
</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF8A8864ADFB4EC9FD00FCF0" blockId="12.[189,1262,743,805]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE42418FF8A8864ADFB4EC9FB15FCD5" box="[189,1262,743,769]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF8A8864ADFB4EC9FE20FCD5" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityYear="1994" box="[189,475,743,769]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ADFB4EC9FE20FCD5" box="[189,475,743,769]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Tylencholaimus ibericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF8A8864ACBE4EC9FCB6FCD5" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." box="[504,845,743,769]" page="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF8A8864ACBE4EC9FCB6FCD5" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." box="[504,845,743,769]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref22143" refString="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S. 1999. New leptonchid nematodes: one new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology 9: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri 1999: 3</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF8A8864AE364EC9FB11FCD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6082555" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6082555" author="Ahad S. &amp; Ahmad W." box="[880,1258,743,769]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA87C4FFC8FFD815E1D68AFDE7FEF8" page="364" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF8A8864AE364EC9FB11FCD5" author="Ahad S. &amp; Ahmad W." box="[880,1258,743,769]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" pagination="451 - 490" refId="ref21198" refString="Ahad S. &amp; Ahmad W. 2016. Description of two new and six known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with a diagnostic compendium and key to species. Zootaxa 4107: 451 - 490. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4107.4.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Ahad &amp; Ahmad 2016: 364–466</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE42418FF8A8864ADFB4F24FD00FCF0" box="[189,763,778,805]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF8A8864ADFB4F24FE15FCF0" authorityName="Ahmad &amp; Araki" authorityYear="2003" box="[189,494,778,804]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ADFB4F24FE15FCF0" box="[189,494,778,804]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Tylencholaimus japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF8A8864AF4D4F24FD0CFCF0" author="Li Y. &amp; Baniyamuddin M. &amp; Ahmad W. &amp; Wu J." box="[523,759,778,805]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F0E732642F3390939FB7CB06A27D4" page="2000" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF8A8864AF4D4F24FD0CFCF0" author="Li Y. &amp; Baniyamuddin M. &amp; Ahmad W. &amp; Wu J." box="[523,759,778,805]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" pagination="1991 - 2010" refId="ref22452" refString="Li Y., Baniyamuddin M., Ahmad W. &amp; Wu J. 2008. Four new and four known species of Tylencholaimoidea (Dorylaimida: Nematoda) from China. Journal of Natural History 42: 1991 - 2010. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930802254722" type="journal article" year="2008">
Li
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864AF6B4F25FD9BFCF0" box="[557,608,778,804]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">et al</emphasis>
. 2008: 2000
</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF8A8864ADFB4F65FC6CFB90" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ADFB4F65FE51FCB1" bold="true" box="[189,426,843,869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Material examined</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="8F9C096BFF8A8864ADFB4F54FAA8FC0F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3382259316" collectingDate="2017-11-04" country="India" latitude="8.760083" location="Ponmudi" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.11897" municipality="Thiruvananthapuram district" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kerala State">
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–
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<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF8A8864AC7F4F54FE25FC40" box="[313,478,890,916]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Kerala State</collectingRegion>
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•
<specimenCount id="29F2C8BFFF8A8864AF424F54FDB6FC41" box="[516,589,890,917]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="29F2C8BFFF8A8864AF244F54FD6CFC41" box="[610,663,890,917]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="DF2F994CFF8A8864AFEC4F54FBF8FC40" box="[682,1027,890,916]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Thiruvananthapuram district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3A2B55EDFF8A8864A9534F54FB84FC40" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B75DB220FF8A8867ACF84DD4FD2AFA05:3A2B55EDFF8A8864A9534F54FB84FC40" box="[1045,1151,890,916]" country="India" latitude="8.760083" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.11897" municipality="Thiruvananthapuram district" name="Ponmudi" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Kerala State">Ponmudi</location>
hill;
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF8A8864A98C4F56FA89FC41" box="[1226,1394,888,917]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="36.3" value="8.760083">8º45′36.3″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF8A8864ADFB4FB2FE90FC6C" box="[189,363,924,952]" degrees="77" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="08.3" value="77.11897">77º07′08.3″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF8A8864AC3C4FB3FE19FC6C" box="[378,482,925,952]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 cm</quantity>
depth;
<date id="4B4A25F6FF8A8864AF784FB3FD2EFC63" box="[574,725,925,952]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" value="2017-11-04">
<collectingDate id="5B0EDC1EFF8A8864AF784FB3FD2EFC63" box="[574,725,925,952]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" value="2017-11-04">4 Nov. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
; soil samples collected from around the roots of grasses and shrubs (unidentified); slides reference number AMU/ZD/NC/
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF8A8864AEB34FEEFAE7FC0E" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityYear="1994" box="[1013,1308,960,986]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864AEB34FEEFAE7FC0E" box="[1013,1308,960,986]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Tylencholaimus ibericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/1–2
</materialsCitation>
. –
<materialsCitation id="8F9C096BFF8A8864ADFB4FCAFC68FB90" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3382259302" collectingDate="2016-11-08" country="India" latitude="12.391417" location="Bhagamandala" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="75.530556" municipality="Kodagu district" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Karnataka State">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ADFB4FCAFE6BFC29" bold="true" box="[189,400,995,1022]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF8A8864ADFB4FCAFE6BFC29" box="[189,400,995,1022]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Karnataka State</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="29F2C8BFFF8A8864ACF64FCAFE0EFBD4" box="[432,501,996,1024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" type="female">
3
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864AC8F4FCAFE0EFBD4" bold="true" box="[457,501,996,1024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">♀♀</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="DF2F994CFF8A8864AF4E4FCAFD3FFC2A" box="[520,708,996,1022]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Kodagu district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3A2B55EDFF8A8864AF944FCAFC7FFC2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B75DB220FF8A8867ACF84DD4FD2AFA05:3A2B55EDFF8A8864AF944FCAFC7FFC2A" box="[722,900,996,1022]" country="India" latitude="12.391417" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="75.530556" municipality="Kodagu district" name="Bhagamandala" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Karnataka State">Bhagamandala</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF8A8864AED24FCCFBB8FC2A" box="[916,1091,994,1022]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="29.1" value="12.391417">12°23′29.1″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF8A8864A9144FCCFB05FC2A" box="[1106,1278,994,1022]" degrees="75" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="50.0" value="75.530556">75°31′50.0″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF8A8864A84B4FCDFA8CFC2A" box="[1293,1399,995,1022]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 cm</quantity>
depth;
<date id="4B4A25F6FF8A8864AC494829FE5FFBF5" box="[271,420,1031,1057]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" value="2016-11-08">
<collectingDate id="5B0EDC1EFF8A8864AC494829FE5FFBF5" box="[271,420,1031,1057]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" value="2016-11-08">8 Nov. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
; soil samples collected from around the roots of forest plants (unidentified); slides reference number AMU/ZD/NC/
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF8A8864AF7B4804FCA0FB90" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityYear="1994" box="[573,859,1066,1092]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864AF7B4804FCA0FB90" box="[573,859,1066,1092]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Tylencholaimus ibericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/3–4
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF8A8867ADFB4845FC72FCFA" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" type="description">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF8A8864ADFB4845FEB5FB51" blockId="12.[189,334,1131,1157]" box="[189,334,1131,1157]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<heading id="6403B45AFF8A8864ADFB4845FEB5FB51" bold="true" box="[189,334,1131,1157]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="70" reason="3">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ADFB4845FEB5FB51" bold="true" box="[189,334,1131,1157]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF8A8864ADAC48B4FEBEFB60" blockId="12.[188,1400,1178,1733]" box="[234,325,1178,1204]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ADAC48B4FEBEFB60" bold="true" box="[234,325,1178,1204]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF8A8864ADFB4893FB1BF910" blockId="12.[188,1400,1178,1733]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">
Slender nematodes of small size, slightly curved ventrad upon fixation; body cylindrical, tapering gradually towards both extremities. Cuticle with two distinct layers, 1.5–2.0 μm thick at midbody and 2.0–2.5 μm on tail. Outer cuticle finely striated; inner layer thick, loose, its outline irregular with distinct radial refractive elements. Lateral chords occupying about 23–28% of midbody diameter. Lateral, dorsal and ventral body pores indistinct. Lip region cap-like, offset by constriction, 1.9–2.3 times as wide as high or about ⅓ to
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864ACDF4943FE43FA53" bold="true" box="[409,440,1389,1415]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">2/5</emphasis>
of the body diameter at neck base. Lips rounded, amalgamated, inner part slightly elevated. Amphids cup-shaped, their aperture occupying about ⅓ to
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864AEA949BEFBF5FA7F" bold="true" box="[1007,1038,1424,1451]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">2/5</emphasis>
of lip region diameter. Stoma a truncate cone. Odontostyle 0.7–0.9 times the lip region diameter long, its aperture about ¼ to ⅓ of the odontostyle length. Odontophore rod-like, with minute basal knobs, 1.0–1.1 times the odontostyle length. Guiding ring simple, refractive, at 0.5–0.6 times the lip region diameter from anterior end. Pharynx consisting of a slender, slightly muscular anterior part, expanding gradually into a cylindrical basal bulb, with thick-walled lumen, occupying about 37–39% of total neck length. Pharyngeal gland nuclei and their orifices are located as follows: DO = 62–66, DN = 65–69, DO–DN = 1.8–2.9, S1N1 = 75–79, S1N2 = 79–81, S2N = 88–91, S2O = 90–92. Nerve ring at 37–42% of neck length from anterior region. Cardia rounded to conoid, about ¼ to
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8A8864AF924A84FD08F910" bold="true" box="[724,755,1706,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">2/5</emphasis>
of the corresponding body diameter long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF8A8867ADFB4AC5FB70FE93" blockId="12.[189,1399,1771,2009]" lastBlockId="15.[189,1398,265,327]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="12" pageNumber="70">Genital system monodelphic-prodelphic. Ovary reflexed, measuring 30–49 μm long; oocytes arranged in single row except near tip. Oviduct joining the ovary subterminally, measuring 28–57 μm, consisting of a slender portion and a slightly developed pars dilatata. Oviduct-uterus junction marked with weak sphincter. Uterus short and tubular, measuring 15–31 μm. Posterior genital branch completely absent. Vagina slightly anteriorly directed, 8.5–10μm or about ½ (48–55%) of midbody diameter; pars proximalis vaginae 5.0–6.5 × 2.5–3.5 μm, encircled by circular muscles; pars distalis vaginae 3.0–3.5 μm with slightly curved walls; pars refringens absent. Vulva apparently a transverse slit. Prerectum 3.3–4.9 and rectum 0.8–1.1 times the anal body diameter long. Tail short, rounded to conoid, 1.0–1.5 times the anal body diameter long, with a pair of subdorsal and a prominent terminal caudal pore.</paragraph>
<caption id="6B8B53BEFF8B8865ADFB4B12FDCEF830" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5557176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5557176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5557176/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" startId="13.[189,232,1852,1878]" targetBox="[294,1295,268,1811]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF8B8865ADFB4B12FDCEF830" blockId="13.[189,1399,1852,2020]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865ADFB4B12FEF4F883" bold="true" box="[189,271,1852,1879]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF8B8865AC5D4B12FC27F883" authority="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityYear="1994" box="[283,988,1852,1879]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865AC5D4B12FDC6F882" box="[283,573,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">Tylencholaimus ibericus</emphasis>
Peña-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994
</taxonomicName>
(LM photographs).
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865A9904B12FAF5F882" bold="true" box="[1238,1294,1852,1878]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">A–B</emphasis>
. Female anterior region.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865AC394B71FE69F8AD" bold="true" box="[383,402,1887,1913]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">C</emphasis>
. Female anterior region showing amphid.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865AED44B4EFC5EF8AE" bold="true" box="[914,933,1888,1914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">D</emphasis>
. Female pharyngeal region.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865A9B84B4EFAEBF8AE" bold="true" box="[1278,1296,1888,1914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">E</emphasis>
. Female expanded part of pharynx.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865AF4A4BADFDE5F849" bold="true" box="[524,542,1923,1949]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">F</emphasis>
. Female pharyngo-intestinal junction.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865AEBF4BACFBEBF848" bold="true" box="[1017,1040,1922,1948]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">G</emphasis>
. Vulval region.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865A99A4BADFAF6F849" bold="true" box="[1244,1293,1923,1949]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">H–I</emphasis>
. Female genital system.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865AC324B88FE78F814" bold="true" box="[372,387,1958,1984]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">J</emphasis>
. Female posterior region.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865AFF14B88FD35F814" bold="true" box="[695,718,1958,1984]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">K</emphasis>
. Male posterior region.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF8B8865AEAF4B88FC06F814" bold="true" box="[1001,1021,1958,1984]" pageId="13" pageNumber="71">L</emphasis>
. Male posterior end. Scale bars: A–C, E–L = 10 μm; D = 20 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6B8B53BEFF888866ADFB4D29FB92FE90" ID-Table-UUID="6B8B53BEFF888866ADFB4D29FB92FE90" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6B8B53BEFF888866ADFB4D29FB92FE90" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" startId="14.[189,259,263,289]" targetBox="[200,1358,386,1959]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF888866ADFB4D29FB92FE90" blockId="14.[187,1399,263,325]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF888866ADFB4D29FEE5FEF5" bold="true" box="[189,286,263,289]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Table 4.</emphasis>
Measurements of
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF888866ACB24D29FB62FEF5" authority="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityYear="1994" box="[500,1177,263,289]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="14" pageNumber="72" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF888866ACB24D29FCEBFEF5" box="[500,784,263,289]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Tylencholaimus ibericus</emphasis>
Peña-Santiago &amp; Coomans, 1994
</taxonomicName>
. All measurements are in µm and in the form: mean ± s.d. range) for the Bhagamandala population.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF888866AD8E4DACFB45F873" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<table id="4DF4F196FF887797AD8E4DACFAB5F873" box="[200,1358,386,1959]" gridcols="4" gridrows="33" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4DACFAB5FE4F" box="[200,1358,386,411]" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4DACFDE9FE4F" box="[200,530,386,411]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF888866AD8E4DACFECDFE4E" bold="true" box="[200,310,386,410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Localities</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="C2156808FF887797AF364DACFC26FE4F" box="[624,989,386,411]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF888866AF364DACFC26FE4E" bold="true" box="[624,989,386,410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Thrivananthapuram population</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="C2156808FF887797A9674DACFAB5FE4F" box="[1057,1358,386,411]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF888866A9674DADFAB5FE4E" bold="true" box="[1057,1358,386,411]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Bhagamandala population</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4D9DFAB5FE1F" box="[200,1358,435,459]" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4D9DFDE9FE1F" box="[200,530,435,459]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF888866AD8E4D9DFEBCFE1F" bold="true" box="[200,327,435,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Characters</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364D9DFCF6FE1F" box="[624,781,435,459]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF888866AFF64D9DFCF6FE1F" bold="true" box="[688,781,435,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Females</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54D9DFC26FE1F" box="[915,989,435,459]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF888866AED54D9DFC36FE1F" bold="true" box="[915,973,435,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Male</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674D9DFAB5FE1F" box="[1057,1358,435,459]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF888866A9CF4D9DFB1DFE1F" bold="true" box="[1161,1254,435,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Females</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4DCAFAB5FE28" box="[200,1358,484,508]" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4DCAFDE9FE28" box="[200,530,484,508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">n</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364DCAFCF6FE28" box="[624,781,484,508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">2</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54DCAFC26FE28" box="[915,989,484,508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">1</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674DCAFAB5FE28" box="[1057,1358,484,508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4E3AFAB5FDF8" box="[200,1358,532,556]" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4E3AFDE9FDF8" box="[200,530,532,556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">L</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364E3AFCF6FDF8" box="[624,781,532,556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">491, 581</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54E3AFC26FDF8" box="[915,989,532,556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">431</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674E3AFAB5FDF8" box="[1057,1358,532,556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">474.9 ± 15.7 (460–496)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4E6AFAB5FD89" box="[200,1358,580,605]" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4E6AFDE9FD89" box="[200,530,580,605]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">a</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364E6AFCF6FD89" box="[624,781,580,605]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">25, 28</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54E6AFC26FD89" box="[915,989,580,605]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">20.5</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674E6AFAB5FD89" box="[1057,1358,580,605]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">26.9 ± 1.62 (26–29)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4E5BFAB5FD59" box="[200,1358,629,653]" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4E5BFDE9FD59" box="[200,530,629,653]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">b</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364E5BFCF6FD59" box="[624,781,629,653]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3.0, 3.6</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54E5BFC26FD59" box="[915,989,629,653]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3.1</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674E5BFAB5FD59" box="[1057,1358,629,653]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3.1 ± 0.17 (3.0–3.4)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4E8BFAB5FD69" box="[200,1358,677,701]" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4E8BFDE9FD69" box="[200,530,677,701]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">c</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364E8BFCF6FD69" box="[624,781,677,701]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">32, 33</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54E8BFC26FD69" box="[915,989,677,701]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">28.7</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674E8BFAB5FD69" box="[1057,1358,677,701]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">29.5 ± 3.8 (24.7–33.8)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4EFBFAB5FD3A" box="[200,1358,725,750]" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4EFBFDE9FD3A" box="[200,530,725,750]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">c’</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364EFBFCF6FD3A" box="[624,781,725,750]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">1.0, 1.1</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54EFBFC26FD3A" box="[915,989,725,750]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">0.93</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674EFBFAB5FD3A" box="[1057,1358,725,750]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">1.2 ± 0.14 (1.1–1.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4F28FAB5FCCA" box="[200,1358,774,798]" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4F28FDE9FCCA" box="[200,530,774,798]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">V</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364F28FCF6FCCA" box="[624,781,774,798]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">70, 71</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54F28FC26FCCA" box="[915,989,774,798]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674F28FAB5FCCA" box="[1057,1358,774,798]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">69.8 ± 0.51 (69.6–70.8)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4F18FAB5FC9A" box="[200,1358,822,846]" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4F18FDE9FC9A" box="[200,530,822,846]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">G1</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364F18FCF6FC9A" box="[624,781,822,846]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">14, 16</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54F18FC26FC9A" box="[915,989,822,846]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674F18FAB5FC9A" box="[1057,1358,822,846]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">15.1 ± 1.1 (13.7–16.6)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4F49FAB5FCAB" box="[200,1358,871,895]" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4F49FDE9FCAB" box="[200,530,871,895]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Body diameter at neck base</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364F49FCF6FCAB" box="[624,781,871,895]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">20, 21</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54F49FC26FCAB" box="[915,989,871,895]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">20.5</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674F49FAB5FCAB" box="[1057,1358,871,895]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">18.2 ± 1.66 (16–20)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4FB9FAB5FC7B" box="[200,1358,919,943]" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4FB9FDE9FC7B" box="[200,530,919,943]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Body diameter at mid body</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364FB9FCF6FC7B" box="[624,781,919,943]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">19, 20</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54FB9FC26FC7B" box="[915,989,919,943]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">21</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674FB9FAB5FC7B" box="[1057,1358,919,943]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">17.3 ± 1.2 (15–18)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4FE9FAB5FC34" box="[200,1358,967,992]" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4FE9FDE9FC34" box="[200,530,967,992]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Body diameter at anus</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364FE9FCF6FC34" box="[624,781,967,992]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">13, 15</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54FE9FC26FC34" box="[915,989,967,992]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">14</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674FE9FAB5FC34" box="[1057,1358,967,992]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">12.8 ± 0.23 (12.5–13.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4FD6FAB5FBC4" box="[200,1358,1016,1040]" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4FD6FDE9FBC4" box="[200,530,1016,1040]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Lip region diameter</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364FD6FCF6FBC4" box="[624,781,1016,1040]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">7.0, 7.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54FD6FC26FBC4" box="[915,989,1016,1040]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">7.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674FD6FAB5FBC4" box="[1057,1358,1016,1040]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">6.6 ± 0.23 (6.5–7.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4806FAB5FB94" box="[200,1358,1064,1088]" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4806FDE9FB94" box="[200,530,1064,1088]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Lip region height</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364806FCF6FB94" box="[624,781,1064,1088]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3.0, 3.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54806FC26FB94" box="[915,989,1064,1088]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674806FAB5FB94" box="[1057,1358,1064,1088]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3.2 ± 0.23 (3.0–3.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4876FAB5FBA5" box="[200,1358,1112,1137]" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4876FDE9FBA5" box="[200,530,1112,1137]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Amphidial aperture</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364876FCF6FBA5" box="[624,781,1112,1137]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">2.5, 3.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54876FC26FBA5" box="[915,989,1112,1137]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674876FAB5FBA5" box="[1057,1358,1112,1137]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">2.5 ± 0.40 (2.0–3.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E48A7FAB5FB75" box="[200,1358,1161,1185]" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E48A7FDE9FB75" box="[200,530,1161,1185]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Odontostyle length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF3648A7FCF6FB75" box="[624,781,1161,1185]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">5.5, 5.5</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED548A7FC26FB75" box="[915,989,1161,1185]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">5.5</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A96748A7FAB5FB75" box="[1057,1358,1161,1185]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">5.5 ± 0.46 (5.0–6.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4897FAB5FB05" box="[200,1358,1209,1233]" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4897FDE9FB05" box="[200,530,1209,1233]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Odontophore length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364897FCF6FB05" box="[624,781,1209,1233]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">5.5, 6.5</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54897FC26FB05" box="[915,989,1209,1233]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">5.5</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674897FAB5FB05" box="[1057,1358,1209,1233]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">5.7 ± 0.23 (5.5–6.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E48C4FAB5FAD6" box="[200,1358,1258,1282]" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E48C4FDE9FAD6" box="[200,530,1258,1282]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Total stylet length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF3648C4FCF6FAD6" box="[624,781,1258,1282]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">11, 12</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED548C4FC26FAD6" box="[915,989,1258,1282]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">11</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A96748C4FAB5FAD6" box="[1057,1358,1258,1282]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">11.27 ± 0.69 (10.5–12)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4934FAB5FAE6" box="[200,1358,1306,1330]" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4934FDE9FAE6" box="[200,530,1306,1330]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Guiding ring from anterior end</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364934FCF6FAE6" box="[624,781,1306,1330]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">4.0, 4.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54934FC26FAE6" box="[915,989,1306,1330]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">4.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674934FAB5FAE6" box="[1057,1358,1306,1330]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3.7 ± 0.23 (3.5–4.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4964FAB5FAB7" box="[200,1358,1354,1379]" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4964FDE9FAB7" box="[200,530,1354,1379]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Nerve ring from anterior end</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364964FCF6FAB7" box="[624,781,1354,1379]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">60, 65</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54964FC26FAB7" box="[915,989,1354,1379]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">58</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674964FAB5FAB7" box="[1057,1358,1354,1379]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">60.0 ± 1.2 (58–61)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4955FAB5FA47" box="[200,1358,1403,1427]" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4955FDE9FA47" box="[200,530,1403,1427]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Neck length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364955FCF6FA47" box="[624,781,1403,1427]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">156, 160</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54955FC26FA47" box="[915,989,1403,1427]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">137</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674955FAB5FA47" box="[1057,1358,1403,1427]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">148.6 ± 10.1 (134–156)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4985FAB5FA17" box="[200,1358,1451,1475]" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4985FDE9FA17" box="[200,530,1451,1475]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Expanded part of pharynx</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364985FCF6FA17" box="[624,781,1451,1475]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">62, 63</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54985FC26FA17" box="[915,989,1451,1475]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">51</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674985FAB5FA17" box="[1057,1358,1451,1475]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">58.1 ± 6.5 (52–62)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E49F5FAB5FA20" box="[200,1358,1499,1524]" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E49F5FDE9FA20" box="[200,530,1499,1524]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Cardia length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF3649F5FCF6FA20" box="[624,781,1499,1524]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">5.0, 5.5</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED549F5FC26FA20" box="[915,989,1499,1524]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">7</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A96749F5FAB5FA20" box="[1057,1358,1499,1524]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">7.1 ± 1.22 (5.0–8.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4A22FAB5F9F0" box="[200,1358,1548,1572]" gridrow="24" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4A22FDE9F9F0" box="[200,530,1548,1572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Anterior genital branch</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364A22FCF6F9F0" box="[624,781,1548,1572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">81, 84</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54A22FC26F9F0" box="[915,989,1548,1572]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674A22FAB5F9F0" box="[1057,1358,1548,1572]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">75.5 ± 7.71 (64–82)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4A12FAB5F980" box="[200,1358,1596,1620]" gridrow="25" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4A12FDE9F980" box="[200,530,1596,1620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Vaginal length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364A12FCF6F980" box="[624,781,1596,1620]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">9.5, 9.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54A12FC26F980" box="[915,989,1596,1620]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674A12FAB5F980" box="[1057,1358,1596,1620]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">9.1 ± 0.4 (8.5–10.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4A43FAB5F951" box="[200,1358,1645,1669]" gridrow="26" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4A43FDE9F951" box="[200,530,1645,1669]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Vulva from anterior end</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364A43FCF6F951" box="[624,781,1645,1669]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">347, 411</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54A43FC26F951" box="[915,989,1645,1669]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674A43FAB5F951" box="[1057,1358,1645,1669]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">333.2 ± 9.7 (322–345)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4AB3FAB5F961" box="[200,1358,1693,1717]" gridrow="27" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4AB3FDE9F961" box="[200,530,1693,1717]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Prerectum length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364AB3FCF6F961" box="[624,781,1693,1717]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">49, 53</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54AB3FC26F961" box="[915,989,1693,1717]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">78</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674AB3FAB5F961" box="[1057,1358,1693,1717]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">49.6 ± 5.32 (42–53)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4AE3FAB5F932" box="[200,1358,1741,1766]" gridrow="28" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4AE3FDE9F932" box="[200,530,1741,1766]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Rectum length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364AE3FCF6F932" box="[624,781,1741,1766]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">11, 16</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54AE3FC26F932" box="[915,989,1741,1766]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">22</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674AE3FAB5F932" box="[1057,1358,1741,1766]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">13.1 ± 1.6 (10–14)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4AD0FAB5F8C2" box="[200,1358,1790,1814]" gridrow="29" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4AD0FDE9F8C2" box="[200,530,1790,1814]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Tail length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364AD0FCF6F8C2" box="[624,781,1790,1814]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">14, 17</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54AD0FC26F8C2" box="[915,989,1790,1814]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">15</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674AD0FAB5F8C2" box="[1057,1358,1790,1814]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">16.0 ± 1.8 (14–18)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4B00FAB5F892" box="[200,1358,1838,1862]" gridrow="30" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4B00FDE9F892" box="[200,530,1838,1862]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Spicules length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364B00FCF6F892" box="[624,781,1838,1862]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54B00FC26F892" box="[915,989,1838,1862]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">20</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674B00FAB5F892" box="[1057,1358,1838,1862]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4B70FAB5F8A3" box="[200,1358,1886,1911]" gridrow="31" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4B70FDE9F8A3" box="[200,530,1886,1911]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Lateral guiding pieces</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364B70FCF6F8A3" box="[624,781,1886,1911]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54B70FC26F8A3" box="[915,989,1886,1911]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">5.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674B70FAB5F8A3" box="[1057,1358,1886,1911]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF887797AD8E4BA1FAB5F873" box="[200,1358,1935,1959]" gridrow="32" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">
<th id="C2156808FF887797AD8E4BA1FDE9F873" box="[200,530,1935,1959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">Ventromedian supplements</th>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AF364BA1FCF6F873" box="[624,781,1935,1959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797AED54BA1FC26F873" box="[915,989,1935,1959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">3</td>
<td id="C2156808FF887797A9674BA1FAB5F873" box="[1057,1358,1935,1959]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="14" pageNumber="72">–</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF898867ADAC4D40FED1FE5C" blockId="15.[188,1400,366,815]" box="[234,298,366,392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867ADAC4D40FED1FE5C" bold="true" box="[234,298,366,392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF898867ADFB4DBFFC72FCFA" blockId="15.[188,1400,366,815]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
General morphology similar to that of female, except for posterior region being more ventrally curved. Genital system diorchic, testes opposed, sperm cell spindle-shaped. In addition to the adcloacal pair at 6.0 µm from cloacal aperture, there are three ventromedian supplements, located outside the range of spicules, first one at 12 μm from adcloacal pair, second at 16 μm from first and third one at 18 μm from second ventromedian supplement. Spicules typically dorylaimoid, curved ventrad, relatively slender, 5.7 times as long as wide and 1.4 times cloacal body diameter long, dorsal contour regularly convex, ventral contour bearing a moderately developed hump and hollow, curvature 140°, head occupying about 25% of total spicules length, median piece 10.6 times as long as wide, occupying about 42% of the spicules maximum width, reaching the spicules tip, posterior end 2.5 μm wide. Lateral guiding piece distinct, rod-like, about 5.0 times as long as wide or about
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AE364EE3FC74FD3C" bold="true" box="[880,911,717,744]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">1/5</emphasis>
of the spicules length. Prerectum 5.7 and rectum 1.5 times the cloacal body diameter long. Tail short, rounded to conoid, 0.93 times the cloacal body diameter long, with a pair of caudal pores on each side.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF898867ADFB4F78FD2AFA05" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF898867ADFB4F78FED4FCA4" blockId="15.[189,303,854,880]" box="[189,303,854,880]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<heading id="6403B45AFF898867ADFB4F78FED4FCA4" bold="true" box="[189,303,854,880]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" reason="3">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867ADFB4F78FED4FCA4" bold="true" box="[189,303,854,880]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF898867ADFB4FAAFD2AFA05" blockId="15.[187,1400,900,1489]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867ADFB4FAAFDACFC4A" author="Pena-Santiago R &amp; Coomans A." box="[189,599,900,926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="348 - 368" refId="ref23027" refString="Pena-Santiago R &amp; Coomans A. 1994 c. Revision of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876. Prodelphic species: Part III. Nematologica 40: 348 - 368. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 003525994 X 00256" type="journal article" year="1994">Peña-Santiago &amp; Coomans (1994c)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867AF974FAAFC16FC4A" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityYear="1994" box="[721,1005,900,926]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AF974FAAFC16FC4A" box="[721,1005,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Tylencholaimus ibericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF898867A9754FAAFB81FC4A" box="[1075,1146,900,926]" name="Spain" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Spain</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867A9C44FAAFEF2FC15" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref22143" refString="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S. 1999. New leptonchid nematodes: one new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology 9: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri (1999)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species from
<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF898867AF164F89FD37FC15" box="[592,716,935,961]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF898867AF9F4F89FCE2FC15" box="[729,793,935,961]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">India</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867AE654F89FBC0FC15" author="Ahmad W. &amp; Araki M." box="[803,1083,935,961]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref21393" refString="Ahmad W. &amp; Araki M. 2003. New and known species of the family Tylencholaimidae (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Japan. Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 6: 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="2003">Ahmad &amp; Araki (2003)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867A9864F89FED4FC30" authorityName="Ahmad &amp; Araki" authorityYear="2003" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867A9864F89FED4FC30" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Tylencholaimus japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF898867ACC54FE5FE32FC31" box="[387,457,971,997]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Japan</collectingCountry>
, which was considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867AEF64FE5FBC9FC30" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityYear="1994" box="[944,1074,970,996]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AEF64FE5FBC9FC30" box="[944,1074,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">T. ibericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867A92C4FE4FA88FC30" author="Pena-Santiago R." box="[1130,1395,970,996]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="119 - 128" refId="ref22868" refString="Pena-Santiago R. 2008. The genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Dorylaimida: Tylencholaimidae) revisited twelve years after. Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 11: 119 - 128." type="journal article" year="2008">Peña-Santiago (2008)</bibRefCitation>
. Later,
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867AC4C4FC3FE3AFBDC" author="Li Y. &amp; Baniyamuddin M. &amp; Ahmad W. &amp; Wu J." box="[266,449,1005,1032]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="1991 - 2010" refId="ref22452" refString="Li Y., Baniyamuddin M., Ahmad W. &amp; Wu J. 2008. Four new and four known species of Tylencholaimoidea (Dorylaimida: Nematoda) from China. Journal of Natural History 42: 1991 - 2010. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930802254722" type="journal article" year="2008">
Li
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AC694FC0FE98FBD3" box="[303,355,1005,1031]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
. (2008)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867ACBA4FC3FCEAFBDC" author="Ahad S. &amp; Ahmad W." box="[508,785,1005,1032]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="451 - 490" refId="ref21198" refString="Ahad S. &amp; Ahmad W. 2016. Description of two new and six known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with a diagnostic compendium and key to species. Zootaxa 4107: 451 - 490. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4107.4.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Ahad &amp; Ahmad (2016)</bibRefCitation>
reported it from
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF898867AEA74FC3FBD0FBD3" box="[993,1067,1005,1031]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">China</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867A9714FC0FB06FBDC" author="Wu W. J. &amp; Xu C. L. &amp; Xie H. &amp; Wang D. W." box="[1079,1277,1005,1032]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref23473" refString="Wu W. J., Xu C. L., Xie H. &amp; Wang D. W. 2019. Three new species, one new genus and subfamily of Dorylaimida (de Man, 1876) Pearse, 1942, and revisions on the families Tylecholaimellidae Jairajpuri, 1964 and Mydonomidae Thorne, 1964 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida). PeerJ 7541: 1 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7541" type="journal article" year="2019">
Wu
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867A92D4FC0FB65FBD3" box="[1131,1182,1005,1031]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
. (2019)
</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867ADF9483FFDCEFBFF" box="[191,565,1041,1067]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="zhongshanensis">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867ADF9483FFDCEFBFF" box="[191,565,1041,1067]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Tylencholaimus zhongshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Zhongshan,
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF898867AE4D483FFCAEFBFF" box="[779,853,1041,1067]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">China</collectingCountry>
. Recently,
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867AE92483FFB28FBFF" author="Pena-Santiago R." box="[980,1235,1041,1067]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="957 - 960" refId="ref22902" refString="Pena-Santiago R. 2020. On the identity of some dorylaims (Dorylaimida) recently described from China. Nematology 22: 957 - 960. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685411 - bja 10043" type="journal article" year="2020">Peña-Santiago (2020)</bibRefCitation>
synonymized this species with
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867ACDE481BFDE0FB9A" authorityName="Pena-Santiago &amp; Coomans" authorityYear="1994" box="[408,539,1076,1103]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867ACDE481BFE53FB9A" box="[408,424,1077,1102]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867ACFA481AFDE0FB9A" box="[444,539,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">ibericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that was accepted herein as well. The morphometrics of the present populations conform well with the
<typeStatus id="E04FBD94FF898867AF184876FD6AFBA6" box="[606,657,1112,1138]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">type</typeStatus>
population except in having distinct radial refractive elements (vs indistinct); slightly shorter odontophore (5.5–6.5 vs 6.0–8.0 μm) and presence of male (vs male absent). The present populations conform well with the Indian population described by
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867A9B748B3FE79FB0F" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref22143" refString="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S. 1999. New leptonchid nematodes: one new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology 9: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri (1999)</bibRefCitation>
except in having slightly lower b (3.0–3.6 vs 4.0) ratio; shorter tail length (14–18 vs 18–20 μm) and presence of male (vs absent). The morphometrics of the present populations also conform well with the Japanese population described by
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867AFA04929FC0DFAF5" author="Ahmad W. &amp; Araki M." box="[742,1014,1287,1313]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref21393" refString="Ahmad W. &amp; Araki M. 2003. New and known species of the family Tylencholaimidae (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Japan. Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 6: 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="2003">Ahmad &amp; Araki (2003)</bibRefCitation>
except in having lower c (24–33 vs 35–46) and slightly higher c’ (1.0–1.5 vs 0.92–1.1) ratios; shorter prerectum (42–53 vs 70–112 μm) and presence of male (vs absent). The present populations also conform well with earlier as well as recently described Chinese populations by
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867AFF7495FFC9FFA5F" author="Li Y. &amp; Baniyamuddin M. &amp; Ahmad W. &amp; Wu J." box="[689,868,1393,1419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="1991 - 2010" refId="ref22452" refString="Li Y., Baniyamuddin M., Ahmad W. &amp; Wu J. 2008. Four new and four known species of Tylencholaimoidea (Dorylaimida: Nematoda) from China. Journal of Natural History 42: 1991 - 2010. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930802254722" type="journal article" year="2008">
Li
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AF97495CFCFFFA5F" box="[721,772,1393,1419]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
. (2008)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867AE2B495FFB81FA58" author="Ahad S. &amp; Ahmad W." box="[877,1146,1393,1420]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="451 - 490" refId="ref21198" refString="Ahad S. &amp; Ahmad W. 2016. Description of two new and six known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with a diagnostic compendium and key to species. Zootaxa 4107: 451 - 490. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4107.4.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Ahad &amp; Ahmad (2016)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867A9F7495FFA88FA5F" author="Wu W. J. &amp; Xu C. L. &amp; Xie H. &amp; Wang D. W." box="[1201,1395,1393,1419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref23473" refString="Wu W. J., Xu C. L., Xie H. &amp; Wang D. W. 2019. Three new species, one new genus and subfamily of Dorylaimida (de Man, 1876) Pearse, 1942, and revisions on the families Tylecholaimellidae Jairajpuri, 1964 and Mydonomidae Thorne, 1964 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida). PeerJ 7541: 1 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7541" type="journal article" year="2019">
Wu
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867A9A6495CFAE8FA5F" box="[1248,1299,1393,1419]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
. (2019)
</bibRefCitation>
. These differences may be interpreted as geographical or intraspecific variability. Male individuals is reported here for the first time in this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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