348 lines
32 KiB
XML
348 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.37721" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9b7f4af-10bb-44cf-9707-848bfe445886" ID-PMC="PMC6795607" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-879-57" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9B95EC74EABD5C6C95BD267E36A3B12C" ID-PubMed="31636499" ID-ZooBank="D2A33EC1971E4CCAB28837BA8E186C59" ModsDocID="1313-2970-879-57" checkinTime="1570746157527" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Perissinotto, Renzo & Sipek, Petr" docDate="2019" docId="AB3593B93FD65B54B14EC6912663BE05" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 879: 57-89" docOrigin="ZooKeys 879" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.37721" docTitle="Xiphoscelis namibica Perissinotto, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="FA69288D-39FB-44C3-B900-E62AC514097F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="9B95EC74EABD5C6C95BD267E36A3B12C" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="9B95EC74EABD5C6C95BD267E36A3B12C" masterDocTitle="New species of Xiphoscelis Burmeister, 1842 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae) from arid regions of South Africa and Namibia" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1668167869340" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species of Xiphoscelis Burmeister, 1842 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae) from arid regions of South Africa and Namibia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Perissinotto, Renzo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sipek, Petr</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>879</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>57</mods:start>
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<mods:end>89</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.37721</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.37721</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-879-57</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D2A33EC1971E4CCAB28837BA8E186C59</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9B95EC74EABD5C6C95BD267E36A3B12C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159690814" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FA69288D-39FB-44C3-B900-E62AC514097F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB3593B93FD65B54B14EC6912663BE05" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName LSID="AB3593B9-3FD6-5B54-B14E-C6912663BE05" authority="Perissinotto" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xiphoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphoscelis namibica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibica">Xiphoscelis namibica Perissinotto</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="57">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov. (NAM, Namuskluft): dorsal (A), lateral (B) and frontal (C) views of aedeagus. Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345471" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5">5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Xiphoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphoscelis namibica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Xiphoscelis namibica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can best be separated from both
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. schuckardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="schuckardi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">X. schuckardi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. braunsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="braunsi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">X. braunsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the characteristics of its parameres, as it is the only species among the three to exhibit an apical protuberance on the inner margin of each dorsal lobe (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov. (NAM, Namuskluft): dorsal (A), lateral (B) and frontal (C) views of aedeagus. Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345471" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5">
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Fig. 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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). There are also external morphological characters that can be used in the diagnosis of this species, the most prominent of which are clypeal shape and the size of the metatibial spurs. Unlike in the other two species, in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. namibica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="namibica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">X. namibica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the anterior margin of the clypeus ranges from being weakly sinuate to straight, while the lateral margins are arcuate like those observed in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. schuckardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="schuckardi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">X. schuckardi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
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). The metatibial spines and spurs are generally hypertrophic in the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Xiphoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphoscelis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Xiphoscelis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with the internal spine normally exceeding the thickness and length of the spurs by several fold and attaining extreme disproportions in males (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2003.10531184" author="Perissinotto, R" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="63 - 82" refId="B20" refString="Perissinotto, R, Villet, MH, Stobbia, P, 2003. Revision of the genus Xiphoscelis Burmeister 1842 (ColeopteraScarabaeidaeCetoniinae), with description of two new species and notes on its phylogeny and ecology. Tropical Zoology 16: 63 - 82" title="Revision of the genus Xiphoscelis Burmeister 1842 (ColeopteraScarabaeidaeCetoniinae), with description of two new species and notes on its phylogeny and ecology." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2003.10531184" volume="16" year="2003">Perissinotto et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). In
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. namibica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="namibica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">X. namibica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, however, the metatibial spurs are as long as the inner spine in both sexes and neither of them reaches lengths comparable to those observed in the other two species under comparison (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Xiphoscelis braunsi sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345467" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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-
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Xiphoscelis schuckardi Burmeister, 1842, male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345469" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure3">3</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Xiphoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphoscelis namibica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Xiphoscelis namibica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., male: dorsal (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
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), ventral (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
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) and lateral (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
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) habitus; clypeus (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
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) and pygidium (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">E</emphasis>
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). Photographs by Lynette Clennell.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345469" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Xiphoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphoscelis schuckardi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuckardi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Xiphoscelis schuckardi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Burmeister, 1842, male: dorsal (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
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), ventral (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
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) and lateral (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
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) habitus; clypeus (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
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) and pygidium (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">E</emphasis>
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). Photographs by Lynette Clennell.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Description of holotype male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">
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Figs 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov. (NAM, Namuskluft): dorsal (A), lateral (B) and frontal (C) views of aedeagus. Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345471" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5">
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5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Size.</emphasis>
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Length 14.3; width 8.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Body.</emphasis>
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Completely black and matte, except for small worn ridges on elytral umbones (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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); head and pronotum of normal proportions with respect to abdomen size; metacoxa, abdominal sternites and pygidium moderately protruding outside elytral margins; with scattered and shallow sculpture throughout dorsal surface associated with short to medium dark setae, becoming longer and denser on antero-lateral margins (mostly fallen or broken due to specimen being retrieved from the field sometime after death,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">Fig. 2A, C, D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Head.</emphasis>
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Entirely black, with coarsely round sculpture throughout surface; ultrafine rugosity across entire surface; long, erect black setae on eye canthus and antennal pedicel; clypeus weakly bilobate but deeply concave, with both anterior and lateral margins equally elevated, lateral margins smoothly rounded all around; antennal clubs, flagellum and pedicel black and of normal cetoniine length; pedicel becoming lighter and brown towards base.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Pronotum.</emphasis>
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Black and matte; regularly round in shape, except at antero-lateral margins, where sharp angles lead to medio-apical, moderately elevated transversal protuberance; posterior margin forming perfectly straight line in front of scutellum; round punctures regularly spaced across surface, but becoming more scattered on disc and denser at margins and on lateral declivities; thick, black, setae of medium length visible only on lateral margins (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">Fig. 2 A, C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Scutellum.</emphasis>
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Completely black; isoscelic triangular with weakly rounded apex and lateral grooves absent on basal third but well developed along other two-thirds towards apex; with dense but irregularly shaped punctures on basal and baso-lateral margins, but absent on central part of disc and on apical third; few, thick and black erect setae scattered across basal third of surface (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Elytron.</emphasis>
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Completely black and matte, narrower than abdomen leaving apical projection of sternites and pygidium partly exposed; subhumeral arch very low and postero-apical declivity extremely steep and abrupt; all costae subequally and weakly elevated, with 5th and 6th costae and umbones raised; surface densely sculptured with geminate striae or round to irregular punctures along intercostal spaces, becoming very sparse and occasional on surface of costae; sparse short, but thick and erect black setae across whole surface, except umbones; apex with short but distinct spinal projection (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Pygidium.</emphasis>
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Completely black, narrow and broadly triangular in shape, with basal and lateral margins sharply upturned; with uniformly sparse horse-shoe sculpture across surface; convex with small baso-lateral depressions; without pubescence on general surface but with lining of black, long setae along lateral and apical margins (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345470" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Xiphoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphoscelis braunsi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="braunsi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Xiphoscelis braunsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (WC, Garcia Pass): dorsal (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
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), lateral (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
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) and frontal (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
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) views of aedeagus. Photographs by Lynette Clennell.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
All legs black in dorsal view, with tarsal segments elongate, but tibiae of normal cetoniine thickness and length; protibia tridentate, with proximal tooth reduced and other two teeth severely worn; mesotibia exhibiting mid outer spine, two apical spines and two spurs of small to medium size; metatibia with slightly hypertrophic inner spine and spurs, inner spine much thicker but shorter than spurs (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">
|
||
Fig. 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
); femora reddish-brown at base, becoming black distally and at joints, bearing long, thin dark setae; pro- and meso-femora of normal size, but metafemora hypertrophic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Ventral surface.</emphasis>
|
||
Shiny and black, with reddish-brown areas restricted to part of coxae and basal portion of femora; with thin and long dark setae on prosternum, coxae and all femoral margins, becoming shorter and more sparse on other surfaces, particularly abdominal sternites; all setae emerging at centre of small and round sculptures; mesometasternal process extremely small, not protruding forward or upwards and partly covered by coxal bases, black and with scattered round punctures and thin setae on surface; abdominal sternites slightly convex, becoming flat at middle particularly in area of sternites 5-7.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Aedeagus.</emphasis>
|
||
Parameres with dorsal lobes tapering abruptly towards apex, forming steeply elevated apical spine at inner end, covering completely ventral lobes in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov. (NAM, Namuskluft): dorsal (A), lateral (B) and frontal (C) views of aedeagus. Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345471" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
); exhibiting long, thin setae along entire apical margin (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov. (NAM, Namuskluft): dorsal (A), lateral (B) and frontal (C) views of aedeagus. Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345471" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5">
|
||
Fig. 5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
); apical surface approximately circular in frontal view (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov. (NAM, Namuskluft): dorsal (A), lateral (B) and frontal (C) views of aedeagus. Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345471" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345471" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Xiphoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphoscelis namibica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Xiphoscelis namibica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (NAM, Namuskluft): dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
||
), lateral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
||
) and frontal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
) views of aedeagus. Photographs by Lynette Clennell.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345472" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Xiphoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphoscelis schuckardi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuckardi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Xiphoscelis schuckardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Burmeister, 1842 (NC, Wallekraal): dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
||
), lateral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
||
) and frontal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
) views of aedeagus. Photographs by Lynette Clennell.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Derivatio nominis.</emphasis>
|
||
With the exception of one female from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Kiep">O'Kiep</normalizedToken>
|
||
(South Africa), so far, all the specimens known for this species and representing the type series originate from the same locality, in south-western Namibia. Hence the obvious geographic link to its name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Description of female.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Unlike with all the other species of the genus, it is virtually impossible to separate the two sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. namibica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="namibica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">X. namibica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of external morphology alone. This is because the metatibial internal apical spine and spurs of its male (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Xiphoscelis namibica sp. nov., male: dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) habitus; clypeus (D) and pygidium (E). Photographs by Lynette Clennell." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345468" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure2">
|
||
Fig. 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) are just as poorly developed as those of the female: a truly unique situation within this genus, with essentially no detectable sexual dimorphism. The only characters where some difference can be observed with a well-trained eye are the relatively shorter protibial and protarsi of the female versus those of the male counterpart, as well as the slight concavity of the abdominal sternites in the male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
So far, the few specimens known for this species have been collected mostly in south-western Namibia, near the town of Rosh Pinah, in the Namuskluft area at about 1200 m asl (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Known distribution range of Xiphoscelis braunsi sp. nov., X. namibica sp. nov. and X. schuckardi Burmeister, 1842 within southern Africa (Adapted from Mapsland: Copyright © 2019 Mapsland)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345473" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). One female specimen is also known from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Kiep">O'Kiep</normalizedToken>
|
||
, in the South African Northern Cape. Thus, the species appears to be an arid mountain specialist, possibly occurring throughout the Ai-Ais Huns Mountains, the Richtersveld range and nearby areas above the Great Escarpment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.879.37721.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345473" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Known distribution range of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Xiphoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphoscelis braunsi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="braunsi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Xiphoscelis braunsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. namibica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="namibica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">X. namibica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. schuckardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="schuckardi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">X. schuckardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Burmeister, 1842 within southern Africa (Adapted from Mapsland: Copyright© 2019 Mapsland).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
The holotype and paratype series collected by Holm & Gebhardt in southern Namibia were all retrieved dead from middens of the southern harvester termite
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Microhodothermes" lsidName="Microhodothermes viator" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="viator">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Microhodothermes viator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Given the very limited number of observations available for this species, it is not possible to establish whether or not this is a case of obligatory association, or again a rather opportunistic one.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
(♂): Namibia, Namuskluft, 1200 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-27.75">27°45'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="16.883333">16°53'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 2-6 Apr 2002, in
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Microhodothermes" lsidName="Microhodothermes viator" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="viator">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Microhodothermes viator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
middens, E. Holm & H. Gebhardt (ISAM).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
: 3 ♂, 2 ♀, same data as holotype (BMPC); 1♀, South Africa, Northern Cape,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Kiep">O'Kiep</normalizedToken>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-29.583334">29°35S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="17.866667">17°52E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1885-11-10, L.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Péringuey">Peringuey</normalizedToken>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="SANC–COLS–">SANC-COLS-</normalizedToken>
|
||
12181).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |