298 lines
40 KiB
XML
298 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="2CB14DD8C8E199CFCCE146377503A249">New carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Poecilosclerida) collected from manned submersibles in the deep Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="022CDBD7C45601812F12E5873CFC70AF">Vacelet, Jean</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="766C2F6477247BBFC6CAAE7A92E80B50">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7FD394AC2971DB6399AEBDDF429E51F8">
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<mods:date id="242ED06973EC41FC2FFDAB757DC2F8CE">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DBDA003D17A43FCD616AA7AE04AD13B1">2006-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5AC9E1DB75E89B1BC8F94DA44BC2D19D">148</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="024C4C2B132E45DC8A71C1C8424289D0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="842F784265271F5F0DE046E56871DDCE" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00234.x</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E4129CCDE951057CDACBBEF47EF6DEAE" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="191D4B17FFDCFF8F05F6FEA3FA79A0C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5488243" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5488243" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:191D4B17FFDCFF8F05F6FEA3FA79A0C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/191D4B17FFDCFF8F05F6FEA3FA79A0C2" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="564" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<subSubSection id="D9AEA98AFFDCFF8D05F6FEA3FAFEA32B" box="[952,1316,308,332]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D05F6FEA3FAFEA32B" blockId="9.[952,1316,308,332]" box="[952,1316,308,332]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<heading id="CA434D6DFFDCFF8D05F6FEA3FAFEA32B" box="[952,1316,308,332]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDCFF8D05F6FEA3FAFEA32B" ID-CoL="84LL8" authority="TOPSENT, 1901" authorityName="TOPSENT" authorityYear="1901" box="[952,1316,308,332]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D05F6FEA3FBB7A32C" box="[952,1133,308,332]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">ASBESTOPLUMA</emphasis>
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TOPSENT, 1901
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9AEA98AFFDCFF8F0574FECAFA79A0C2" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="564" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FECAFB82A3F6" blockId="9.[826,1442,349,401]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D0574FECAFC1EA315" box="[826,964,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Type species</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDCFF8D059CFECAFAA2A314" authority="Schmidt, 1875" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1875" box="[978,1400,349,371]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pennatula">
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<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D059CFECAFB17A315" box="[978,1229,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Cladorhiza pennatula</emphasis>
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Schmidt, 1875
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</taxonomicName>
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(by subsequent designation).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FE3DFB7AA3B9" blockId="9.[826,1442,425,478]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D0574FE3DFC70A3D8" box="[826,938,426,447]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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, from
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<bibRefCitation id="F52587F0FFDCFF8D05B1FE3EFAC1A3D8" author="Hajdu E & Vacelet J" box="[1023,1307,425,447]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" pagination="636 - 641" refId="ref18888" refString="Hajdu E, Vacelet J. 2002. Family Cladorhizidae. In: Hooper JNA, van Soest RWM, eds. Systema Porifera: a guide to the classification of sponges. New York: Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, 636 - 641." type="book chapter" year="2002">Hajdu & Vacelet (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDCFF8D0364FE3EFCB0A3B9" authorityName="DENDY" authorityYear="1922" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Cladorhizidae</taxonomicName>
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with palmate anisochelae.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D05CCFD8EFA80A056" blockId="9.[898,1370,537,593]" box="[898,1370,537,561]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDCFF8D05CCFD8EFB37A048" authority="Vacelet, 2006" authorityName="Vacelet" authorityYear="2006" box="[898,1261,537,561]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="agglutinans" status="sp. nov.">ASBESTOPLUMA AGGLUTINANS</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D02BBFD8BFA80A056" bold="true" box="[1269,1370,537,561]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8F39B68FFDCFF8D02BBFD8BFA80A056" box="[1269,1370,537,561]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D020DFDAEFB43A036" blockId="9.[898,1370,537,593]" box="[1091,1177,569,593]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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(
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<figureCitation id="098FE684FFDCFF8D0205FDAEFB4AA036" box="[1099,1168,569,593]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-143@10.[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Asbestopluma agglutinans sp. nov. A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">FIG. 5</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FDF5FC0FA011" blockId="9.[826,1442,609,723]" box="[826,981,609,631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D0574FDF5FC0FA011" box="[826,981,609,631]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Type material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FD17FB33A0B5" blockId="9.[826,1442,609,723]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<materialsCitation id="21DCF05CFFDCFF8D0574FD17FB33A0B5" collectingDate="1993-12-20" collectionCode="MNHN" elevation="2689" latitude="-18.265" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-113.368" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D0574FD17FC44A0F2" box="[826,926,640,661]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<typeStatus id="4E0F44A3FFDCFF8D0574FD17FC44A0F2" box="[826,926,640,661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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||
: NAUDUR 15-2-1B,
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<date id="E50ADCC1FFDCFF8D02D8FD17FACEA0F2" box="[1174,1300,640,661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" value="1993-12-20">
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<collectingDate id="F54E2529FFDCFF8D02D8FD17FACEA0F2" box="[1174,1300,640,661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" value="1993-12-20">20/12/1993</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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,
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,
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</quantity>
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, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, no.
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<collectionCode id="F7A562C4FFDCFF8D0269FD29FBA1A0B4" box="[1063,1147,702,723]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">MNHN</collectionCode>
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D JV 82.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FD62FBFEA102" blockId="9.[826,1442,756,869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<materialsCitation id="21DCF05CFFDCFF8D0574FD62FBC5A102" collectingDate="1991-01-31" collectionCode="MNHN" county="Paris" elevation="2680" latitude="-13.375" location="East Pacific Rise" longLatPrecision="900" longitude="-112.26667" municipality="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="4E0F44A3FFDCFF8D0574FD62FC45A16D" box="[826,927,757,778]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
|
||
: GARRETT GN 19-07,
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<date id="E50ADCC1FFDCFF8D0297FD63FA8DA16E" box="[1241,1367,756,777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" value="1991-01-31">
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<collectingDate id="F54E2529FFDCFF8D0297FD63FA8DA16E" box="[1241,1367,756,777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" value="1991-01-31">31/01/1991</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<location id="946BACDAFFDCFF8D0323FD63FC18A14E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:191D4B17FFDCFF8F05F6FEA3FA79A0C2:946BACDAFFDCFF8D0323FD63FC18A14E" county="Paris" latitude="-13.375" longLatPrecision="900" longitude="-112.26667" municipality="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" name="East Pacific Rise" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">East Pacific Rise</location>
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,
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<location id="946BACDAFFDCFF8D059FFC84FB43A14F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:191D4B17FFDCFF8F05F6FEA3FA79A0C2:946BACDAFFDCFF8D059FFC84FB43A14F" box="[977,1177,787,808]" county="Paris" latitude="-13.375" longLatPrecision="900" longitude="-112.26667" municipality="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" name="Garrett Segment" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Garrett Segment</location>
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,
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="F4809CC6FFDCFF8D037FFC84FA44A14F" box="[1329,1438,785,809]" degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" precision="925" value="-112.26667">112°16′W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="564C57E4FFDCFF8D0574FCA6FC4AA120" box="[826,912,817,839]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.68" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="m" value="2680.0">
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<elevation id="1A991D32FFDCFF8D0574FCA6FC4AA120" box="[826,912,817,839]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.68" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="m" value="2680.0">2680 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="716F607BFFDCFF8D05D4FCA6FA8FA120" box="[922,1365,817,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="786A828DFFDCFF8D032EFCA6FA47A120" box="[1376,1437,817,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Paris</collectingCounty>
|
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, no.
|
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<collectionCode id="F7A562C4FFDCFF8D052CFCC7FC6CA102" box="[866,950,848,869]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">MNHN</collectionCode>
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D JV 83
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
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.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FC3EFC74A1D9" blockId="9.[826,1442,937,1051]" box="[826,942,937,958]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D0574FC3EFC74A1D9" box="[826,942,937,958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FC5FFC6FA67C" blockId="9.[826,1442,937,1051]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">From ‘agglutinare’, Latin, verb: to glue, referring to the collection by the sponge of numerous skeletons of protistans.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FBC9FBC4A614" blockId="9.[826,1443,1118,1263]" box="[826,1054,1118,1139]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D0574FBC9FBC4A614" box="[826,1054,1118,1139]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Locality and habitat</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FBE9FA49A688" blockId="9.[826,1443,1118,1263]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
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<materialsCitation id="21DCF05CFFDCFF8D0574FBE9FA55A688" collectingDate="1991-01-31" collectingDateMax="1993-12-20" collectingDateMin="1991-01-31" elevation="2689" latitude="-13.375" location="East Pacific Rise." longLatPrecision="900" longitude="-112.26667" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" specimenCount="1">
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<location id="946BACDAFFDCFF8D0574FBE9FBFCA6F4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:191D4B17FFDCFF8F05F6FEA3FA79A0C2:946BACDAFFDCFF8D0574FBE9FBFCA6F4" box="[826,1062,1149,1171]" latitude="-13.375" longLatPrecision="900" longitude="-112.26667" name="East Pacific Rise." pageId="9" pageNumber="562">East Pacific Rise.</location>
|
||
NAUDUR 15-2,
|
||
<date id="E50ADCC1FFDCFF8D0351FBEAFA47A6F5" box="[1311,1437,1149,1170]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" value="1993-12-20">
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||
<collectingDate id="F54E2529FFDCFF8D0351FBEAFA47A6F5" box="[1311,1437,1149,1170]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" value="1993-12-20">20/12/1993</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F4809CC6FFDCFF8D058AFB0BFB89A6D6" box="[964,1107,1179,1202]" degrees="113" direction="west" minutes="22.08" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" precision="9" value="-113.368">113°22.08′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="564C57E4FFDCFF8D022CFB0BFB62A6D6" box="[1122,1208,1180,1202]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6889999999999996" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="m" value="2689.0">
|
||
<elevation id="1A991D32FFDCFF8D022CFB0BFB62A6D6" box="[1122,1208,1180,1202]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6889999999999996" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="m" value="2689.0">2689 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, on a dead smoker. GARRETT GN 19-07, Garrett Segment,
|
||
<date id="E50ADCC1FFDCFF8D0351FB2CFA44A6B7" box="[1311,1438,1211,1232]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" value="1991-01-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="F54E2529FFDCFF8D0351FB2CFA44A6B7" box="[1311,1438,1211,1232]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" value="1991-01-31">31/01/1991</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F4809CC6FFDCFF8D0574FB4EFC69A689" box="[826,947,1240,1263]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="22.50" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" precision="9" value="-13.375">13°22.50′S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F4809CC6FFDCFF8D058EFB4EFBF7A688" box="[960,1069,1240,1263]" degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" precision="925" value="-112.26667">112°16′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="564C57E4FFDCFF8D0276FB4EFB54A688" box="[1080,1166,1241,1263]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.68" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="m" value="2680.0">
|
||
<elevation id="1A991D32FFDCFF8D0276FB4EFB54A688" box="[1080,1166,1241,1263]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.68" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="m" value="2680.0">2680 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, on a basalt fragment
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FAA4FC62A72F" blockId="9.[826,1443,1331,1721]" box="[826,952,1331,1352]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D0574FAA4FC62A72F" box="[826,952,1331,1352]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8D0574FAC5FB8FA4DE" blockId="9.[826,1443,1331,1721]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
|
||
Two small erect sponges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="098FE684FFDCFF8D0231FAC6FB09A700" box="[1151,1235,1361,1383]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-143@10.[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Asbestopluma agglutinans sp. nov. A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
), consisting of a somewhat flattened axis
|
||
<quantity id="564C57E4FFDCFF8D0211FAE7FB4FA7E2" box="[1119,1173,1392,1413]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
|
||
high and
|
||
<quantity id="564C57E4FFDCFF8D035EFAE7FA5BA7E2" box="[1296,1409,1392,1413]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, smooth on the basal quarter, then with biserially arranged lateral filaments arising perpendicularly to the axis in two opposite series. Filaments frequently broken, up to
|
||
<quantity id="564C57E4FFDCFF8D021DFA7CFB49A467" box="[1107,1171,1515,1537]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, cylindrical and
|
||
<quantity id="564C57E4FFDCFF8D03C8FA7CFC55A478" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1– 1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the base, abruptly reduced to a thin spicular axis at approximately
|
||
<quantity id="564C57E4FFDCFF8D0290F9BFFAEFA45A" box="[1246,1333,1576,1597]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
from the axis in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4E0F44A3FFDCFF8D05F2F9D0FBC5A43A" box="[956,1055,1607,1629]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, up to
|
||
<quantity id="564C57E4FFDCFF8D0220F9D0FB75A43B" box="[1134,1199,1607,1629]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4E0F44A3FFDCFF8D0375F9D0FA7BA43B" box="[1339,1441,1607,1628]" pageId="9" pageNumber="562" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
in which the cylindrical base is generally longer and thinner. No aperture or aquiferous system visible. Colour brown in alcohol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDCFF8F0574F948FDC0A333" blockId="9.[826,1442,1759,1903]" lastBlockId="11.[162,777,195,340]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="564" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDCFF8D0574F948FC40A493" box="[826,922,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="562">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
: Main axis of large fusiform styles longitudinally arranged, surrounded by a dense feltwork of small acanthotylostrongyles including sediment and skeletons of radiolarians and foraminiferans. Axis of the lateral filaments made of smaller styles, with a similar feltwork of acanthotylostrongyles and sediment in the thickened base. Fixation base with a cover of thick, more or less flexuous styles or substrongyles tangentially arranged. Microscleres very abundant in the tissue of stem and branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C5CBAA89FFDFFF8E06C0F95DFD23A535" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="563" startId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" targetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDFFF8E06C0F95DFD23A535" blockId="10.[142,1422,1737,1875]" pageId="10" pageNumber="563">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDFFF8E06C0F95DFD41A4BA" bold="true" box="[142,667,1737,1757]" pageId="10" pageNumber="563">
|
||
Figure 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDFFF8E074CF95EFDE0A4BB" authority="Vacelet, 2006" authorityName="Vacelet" authorityYear="2006" box="[258,570,1737,1756]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="563" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="agglutinans" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDFFF8E074CF95EFDE0A4BB" bold="true" box="[258,570,1737,1756]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="563">Asbestopluma agglutinans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8F39B68FFDFFF8E040DF95DFD41A4BA" box="[579,667,1738,1757]" pageId="10" pageNumber="563" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06ECFEECFED2A3F6" blockId="11.[162,778,379,1383]" box="[162,264,379,401]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDEFF8F06ECFEECFEDBA3F7" box="[162,257,379,400]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06ECFE0DFF2AA02E" blockId="11.[162,778,379,1383]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
1. Styles of the main axis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="098FE684FFDEFF8F07ACFE0DFD8CA3D7" box="[482,598,410,432]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-143@10.[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Asbestopluma agglutinans sp. nov. A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Fig. 5B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), straight, fusiform, with a blunt point. Size 1550–2100 × 30–35 µm. 2. Styles (mycalostyles) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="098FE684FFDEFF8F078EFE40FDCEA38A" box="[448,532,471,493]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-143@10.[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Asbestopluma agglutinans sp. nov. A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
) of the axis of the lateral filaments, straight, moderately fusiform, with an oval head and a short, acerate tip. Size 370–780 × 8.5– 17 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06ECFDC5FDAFA0A4" blockId="11.[162,778,379,1383]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
3. Styles or substrongyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="098FE684FFDEFF8F0791FDC5FDE8A00F" box="[479,562,594,616]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-143@10.[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Asbestopluma agglutinans sp. nov. A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
) found only at the fixation base, generally curved or more or less flexuous, sometimes vermiform, thicker in the middle, with unequal ends. Size 220–535 × 15–42 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06ECFD5AFF2DA1FD" blockId="11.[162,778,379,1383]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
4. Acanthotylostrongyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="098FE684FFDEFF8F0798FD5AFD93A084" box="[470,585,717,739]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-143@10.[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Asbestopluma agglutinans sp. nov. A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Fig. 5F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
) forming a feltwork around the main axis and the base of the filaments, straight or more often curved near the head, entirely covered by small spines curved toward the end near the head and toward the head near the end. Head roundish, end abruptly cut. Size 65–165 × 0.8– 2.3 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06ECFC34FD6DA635" blockId="11.[162,778,379,1383]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
5. Anisochelae 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="098FE684FFDEFF8F0732FC34FE08A1DE" box="[380,466,931,953]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-143@10.[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Asbestopluma agglutinans sp. nov. A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head with large lateral alae attached to the shaft along approximately twothirds of their length, frontal ala large, ovoid. Shaft feebly curved in the first part, then bearing two small fimbriae near the foot. Foot with two small diverging alae. Size 32–36 µm, shaft diameter 4.1–5 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06ECFBCCFD4FA76D" blockId="11.[162,778,379,1383]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
6. Anisochelae 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="098FE684FFDEFF8F073BFBCCFE07A616" box="[373,477,1115,1137]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-143@10.[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Asbestopluma agglutinans sp. nov. A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Fig. 5I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head with large lateral alae attached to the shaft along their whole length. Shaft with a free part short, curved and bearing two small rectangular alae in the first part, then strongly bent and with a large ovoid ala ending in a short point. Size 9.8–10.5 µm, shaft diameter 0.8–1 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06ECFA83FE5CA700" blockId="11.[162,778,379,1383]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
7. Sigmancistras (
|
||
<figureCitation id="098FE684FFDEFF8F0735FA84FE0AA74E" box="[379,464,1299,1321]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[142,220,1738,1757]" captionTargetBox="[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-143@10.[302,1262,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Asbestopluma agglutinans sp. nov. A, holotype (left) and paratype (scale bar: 3.8 mm). B, style of the axis (scale bar: 83 µm). C, head and tip of a style of the axis (scale bar: 28 µm). D, style of the filament axis (scale bar: 35 µm). E, substrongyle of the base (scale bar: 37 µm). F, acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 7.5 µm). G, head and tip of an acanthotylostrongyle (scale bar: 2.3 µm). H, anisochela 1 (scale bar: 4.1 µm). I, anisochelae 2 (scale bar: 2 µm). J, anisochela 2, back view (scale bar: 2 µm). K, sigmancistra (scale bar: 2.9 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5427467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5427467/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Fig. 5K</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a 90° twisting and acerate points, without notch. Size 23–28 µm, 2.3 µm in maximum width.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06ECFA3BFEDEA7A6" blockId="11.[162,778,1452,1904]" box="[162,260,1452,1473]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDEFF8F06ECFA3BFEDEA7A6" box="[162,260,1452,1473]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06ECFA5CFD40A41D" blockId="11.[162,778,1452,1904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">This species is remarkable in its morphology, with regular thickenings of the basal parts of the lateral filaments, and in the number of skeletons of various foraminiferans and radiolarians included in these thickened parts. This may suggest that protistans are an important part of the diet of the sponge.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F06F5F914FB1CA06B" blockId="11.[162,778,1452,1904]" lastBlockId="11.[826,1443,195,677]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
The nearest relative of this species among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDEFF8F06ECF935FE5FA4D0" box="[162,389,1698,1719]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="564" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDEFF8F06ECF935FE9BA4D0" box="[162,321,1698,1719]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Asbestopluma</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of this area appears to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDEFF8F06ECF956FD9CA4B0" authority="(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Ridley & Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[162,582,1729,1751]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="564" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="biserialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDEFF8F06ECF956FEF3A4B1" box="[162,297,1729,1750]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">A. biserialis</emphasis>
|
||
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has been described and reported from the South Pacific. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDEFF8F06A9F969FEB5A574" baseAuthorityName="Ridley & Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[231,367,1790,1811]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="564" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="biserialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDEFF8F06A9F969FEB5A574" box="[231,367,1790,1811]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">A. biserialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not display the cylindrical thickenings of the base of the filaments, has no coating of spinose microtylostyles, has no vermiform basal spicules and the large anisochelae 1 are absent. The new species more closely resembles the spicule characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDEFF8F0519FF75FB7DA29F" authority="(Schmidt, 1875)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[855,1191,226,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="564" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pennatula">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDEFF8F0519FF75FC30A290" box="[855,1002,226,247]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">A. pennatula</emphasis>
|
||
(Schmidt, 1875)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDEFF8F02AAFF75FC08A371" authority="Tendal, 1973" authorityName="Tendal" authorityYear="1973" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="564" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="quadriserialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDEFF8F02AAFF75FA78A290" box="[1252,1442,226,247]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">A. quadriserialis</emphasis>
|
||
Tendal, 1973
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the North Atlantic and Arctic. It differs from these species, which are geographically very distant, in its external shape, larger styles, smaller anisochelae 1, which also show minor differences although their general shape is rather similar, and in the basal vermiform styles, which are rather straight strongyles in the two other species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56B48182FFDEFF8F0574FE40FB59A38B" authorityName="Tendal" authorityYear="1973" box="[826,1155,471,492]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="564" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="quadriserialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3C02613FFDEFF8F0574FE40FB59A38B" box="[826,1155,471,492]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">Asbestopluma quadriserialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs in the presence of two sizes of sigmancistras.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="910BFA01FFDEFF8F051DFD82FA79A0C2" blockId="11.[826,1443,195,677]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564">
|
||
Unlike the other sponges described here, this species is represented in the collection by
|
||
<specimenCount id="87B23188FFDEFF8F02B4FDA3FA7AA02E" box="[1274,1440,563,585]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from relatively distant localities (
|
||
<quantity id="564C57E4FFDEFF8F02F5FDC5FACEA00F" box="[1211,1300,594,616]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.57" pageId="11" pageNumber="564" unit="km" value="557.0">557 km</quantity>
|
||
). It is worth noting that the
|
||
<specimenCount id="87B23188FFDEFF8F05A2FDE6FB4BA0E0" box="[1004,1169,625,647]" pageId="11" pageNumber="564" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
show no significant differences, either in morphology or in spicule characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |