treatments-xml/data/01/66/32/0166323AEE5FFFE6EAA8F8928882FB8A.xml

<document id="56AD558C05576CC493FE44966E40DA9D" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.644.4.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13214762" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1722597339624" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Yang, Erfu, Karunarathna, Samantha C., Priyashantha, Alviti Kankanamalage Hasith, Promputtha, Itthayakorn, Chen, Xuemei, Elgorban, Abdallah M., Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Tibpromma, Saowaluck &amp; Dossa, Gbadamassi G. O." docDate="2024" docId="0166323AEE5FFFE6EAA8F8928882FB8A" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.644.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 644 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.644.4.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Curvularia geniculata Boedijn" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="250" masterDocId="FD5F4A42EE59FFE1EA20FFF08C68FFEA" masterDocTitle="Microfungi associated with dead caterpillars and spiders in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, P. R. China" masterLastPageNumber="257" masterPageNumber="243" pageNumber="249" updateTime="1724621081528" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="0D60CAEF8D24F481A711478DAA92A079">Microfungi associated with dead caterpillars and spiders in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, P. R. China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="51AC9BE4113816D9439BEE3A78E215B3">Yang, Erfu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="68CA3A6358E75C70CC2A1FE0A4E3454A">Gardening and Horticulture Department, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, P. R. China &amp; Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, P. R. China &amp; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AE70E94FCFDEA73BEF7165061FF87D4E">Karunarathna, Samantha C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F9183BBEA4D10613E0B286A656E335A">Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, P. R. China &amp; National Institute of Fundamental Studies (NIFS), Kandy 2000, Sri Lanka</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6BA9E95CCD8156DE2D2938B3B6862281">Priyashantha, Alviti Kankanamalage Hasith</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="352AB38007F46E98E1B69D9F8D2B3B31">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2941360861367D9010EB78DC6232B7E5" type="email">priyashanthahasith@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F3B9664B5346F833B3E9E5F5EBD6533A">Promputtha, Itthayakorn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="007C681441EAE3575FD8C9B317E95311">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8236B24BD46D022F21AE923002B804E1" type="email">itthayakorn.p@cmu.ac.th</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C41354E7B1C025D17BB41FED4880E85D">Chen, Xuemei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0274A123ECA658B93F72D0B18690F54A">Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="270BA86448010EF790DA591FFCF5BCA6">Elgorban, Abdallah M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D30F828141A34236959C976A09F0F500">Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D2D167C5591D815F996A000315A4CA93" type="email">aelgorban@ksu.edu.sa</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FB8B36C959E42A2F10CDF8FCD1313FCD">Bashir, Nawaz Haider</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="68B2C634CC3360DE4D41CACF98063916">Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3A6F35EB367587377E039E28175E5E96">Tibpromma, Saowaluck</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9589B00055B842F7C8BAD928CD6E15D3">Dossa, Gbadamassi G. O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CF1E54AFE4D7DC90DA3B6BBC52F5B88D">Gardening and Horticulture Department, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3084BE50F325C12912C0EE1E9C04FB7D">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F5B250383DE161C199938CCC601A0E84">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4EC101EC7C5CDF75E648C350072FF75D">644</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="1D1128A5CB27F128570143819506FA02">243</mods:start>
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<treatment id="0166323AEE5FFFE6EAA8F8928882FB8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0166323AEE5FFFE6EAA8F8928882FB8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0166323AEE5FFFE6EAA8F8928882FB8A" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
<subSubSection id="C1D5D0A7EE5FFFE7EAA8F8928D8AF84A" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8970832CEE5FFFE7EAA8F89288A6F897" blockId="6.[136,1230,1890,1917]" box="[136,1230,1890,1917]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
<heading id="D2383440EE5FFFE7EAA8F89288A6F897" box="[136,1230,1890,1917]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5FFFE7EAA8F8928ECCF897" authority="(Tracy &amp; Earle) Boedijn" authorityName="Boedijn" baseAuthorityName="Tracy &amp; Earle" box="[136,676,1890,1917]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Helminthosphaeriaceae" genus="Curvularia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Sordariales" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="geniculata">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5FFFE7EAA8F8928DE0F897" bold="true" box="[136,392,1890,1917]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Curvularia geniculata</emphasis>
(Tracy &amp; Earle) Boedijn
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, Bull. Jard. bot. Buitenz, 3 
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</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8970832CEE5FFFE7EAA8F87A8D8AF84A" blockId="6.[136,482,1930,1952]" box="[136,482,1930,1952]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Index Fungorum number: IF265873</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1D5D0A7EE5FFFE6EAA8F8388C9DFD3E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" type="description">
<paragraph id="8970832CEE5FFFE6EAA8F8388FEBFE86" blockId="6.[136,1452,1992,2091]" lastBlockId="7.[136,1452,158,1121]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5FFFE7EAA8F8388D4FF808" bold="true" box="[136,295,1992,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Descriptions:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5FFFE7EB0FF8388DFBF808" box="[303,403,1992,2018]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Saprobic</emphasis>
or 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5FFFE7EB9CF8388EE3F808" box="[444,651,1992,2018]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">entomopathogenic</emphasis>
on dead caterpillars, presenting white-brown mycelia surrounding the host. 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5FFFE7EAE4F81C8D5AF7EC" authorityName="Corda" authorityYear="1842" box="[196,306,2028,2054]" genus="Mycelium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="6" pageNumber="249" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5FFFE7EAE4F81C8D5AF7EC" box="[196,306,2028,2054]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Mycelium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2–6 μm wide (x̄ = 4.5 μm, n = 20), hyaline to dark brown, septate, branched, tubular, thick-walled. The asexual morph produced in the PDA within a month. 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5FFFE7E8FFF7E08FE7F7C0" bold="true" box="[735,911,2064,2090]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Sexual morph:</emphasis>
undetermined. 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5FFFE7EE1FF7E08897F7C0" bold="true" box="[1087,1279,2064,2090]" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Asexual morph:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5FFFE7EF26F7E089C3F7C0" box="[1286,1451,2064,2090]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="249">Conidiophores</emphasis>
developed from hyphae, cylindrical straight to flexuous, thick-walled, sometimes swollen at the base, unbranched, olivaceous brown to dark brown, lighter towards apex. 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E8D3FF328F8DFF36" box="[755,997,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Conidiogenous nodes</emphasis>
terminal or intercalary, dark brown, 1–3 μm (x̄ = 2 μm, n = 10). 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EBB9FF168D9BFEEA" box="[409,499,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Conidia</emphasis>
20–27 × 7–10 μm (x̄ = 23 × 8.5 μm, n = 20), finely verruculose, straight or curved, ellipsoidal to ovoid, finely verruculose, hyaline to olivaceous to brown, middle cells disproportionately enlarged, apical and basal cells usually paler, 4-distoseptate when fully mature. 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E9BFFEDE8F8DFEA2" box="[927,997,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Hilum</emphasis>
protuberant, slightly thickened, 1–3 μm wide. 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EAECFEA38D74FE87" box="[204,284,339,365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Stroma</emphasis>
dark black, branched 
<quantity id="4E372EC9EE5EFFE6E834FEA28EF3FE87" box="[532,667,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50–100 mm</quantity>
high, 
<quantity id="4E372EC9EE5EFFE6E8C2FEA28F57FE87" box="[738,831,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8970832CEE5EFFE6EA9DFE868EA3FE16" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1121]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EA9DFE868DB2FE7A" bold="true" box="[189,474,374,400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Culture characteristics:</emphasis>
The fungal strain sporulated within one month in PDA at 20–25 ℃. Colonies on PDA fast-growing, reaching around 
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in one week at room temperature (20–25 ℃). Colonies circular, low convex, lowly dense, brown, edge entire, formed oblong, raised, dark-brown stroma at the peripheries, dark-brown from the reverse. Without pigments produced in PDA media.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8970832CEE5EFFE6EA9DFDF68E8FFD82" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1121]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EA9DFDF68DC5FDCA" bold="true" box="[189,429,518,544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Known substratum:</emphasis>
Eye infections of human patients (
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6E90EFDF68858FDCA" author="Nityananda, K. &amp; Sivasubramaniam, P. &amp; Ajello, L." box="[814,1072,518,544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" pagination="456 - 458" refId="ref9038" refString="Nityananda, K., Sivasubramaniam, P. &amp; Ajello, L. (1964) A case of mycotic keratitis caused by Curvularia geniculata. Archives of Ophthalmology 71: 456 - 458. https: // doi. org / 10.1001 / archopht. 1964.00970010472003" type="journal article" year="1964">
Nityananda 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E997FDF78F87FDCA" box="[951,1007,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
1964
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6EE64FDF78D79FDAE" authority="(Huang et al. 2017)" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Microstegium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vimineum">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EE64FDF78939FDCA" box="[1092,1361,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Microstegium vimineum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6EF7FFDF68D62FDAE" author="Huang, Q. &amp; Zhang, L. G. &amp; Wu, Y. &amp; Reardon, R. C. &amp; Qiang, S." pageId="7" pageNumber="250" pagination="387 - 387" refId="ref7663" refString="Huang, Q., Zhang, L. G., Wu, Y., Reardon, R. C. &amp; Qiang, S. (2017) The first report of leaf spot disease on Microstegium vimineum caused by Curvularia geniculata in China. Plant Disease 101: 387 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.1094 / PDIS- 07 - 16 - 1074 - PDN" type="journal article" year="2017">
Huang 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EAA8FDDB8CABFDAE" box="[136,195,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6EB00FDDA8F97FDAE" authority="(Priyadharsini &amp; Muthukumar 2017)" baseAuthorityName="Priyadharsini &amp; Muthukumar" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[288,1023,554,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Parthenium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hysterophorus">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EB00FDDA8E25FDAE" box="[288,589,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Parthenium hysterophorus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6E87EFDDA8F90FDAE" author="Priyadharsini, P. &amp; Muthukumar, T." box="[606,1016,554,580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" pagination="69 - 77" refId="ref9128" refString="Priyadharsini, P. &amp; Muthukumar, T. (2017) The root endophytic fungus Curvularia geniculata from Parthenium hysterophorus roots improves plant growth through phosphate solubilization and phytohormone production. Fungal Ecology 27: 69 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. funeco. 2017.02.007" type="journal article" year="2017">Priyadharsini &amp; Muthukumar 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; dead caterpillars (this study); Maize (
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6EAB0FDBE8D01FD82" author="Manzar, N. &amp; Kashyap, A. S. &amp; Sharma, P. K. &amp; Saxena, A. K." box="[144,361,590,616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" refId="ref8564" refString="Manzar, N., Kashyap, A. S., Sharma, P. K. &amp; Saxena, A. K. (2021) First report of leaf spot of maize caused by Curvularia geniculata in India. Plant Disease 105: 4155. https: // doi. org / 10.1094 / PDIS- 03 - 21 - 0637 - PDN" type="journal volume" year="2021">
Manzar 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EACEFDBF8D4EFD82" box="[238,294,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6EB5DFDBE8E8BFD82" authority="(Xie et al. 2023)" baseAuthorityName="Xie" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[381,739,590,616]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Bletilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EB5DFDBE8E77FD82" box="[381,543,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Bletilla striata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6E80EFDBE8EB3FD82" author="Xie, Y. &amp; Ying, J. &amp; Fang, L. &amp; Wu, J. &amp; Mao, X. &amp; Wang, L. &amp; Wang, H." box="[558,731,590,616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" refId="ref10468" refString="Xie, Y., Ying, J., Fang, L., Wu, J., Mao, X., Wang, L. &amp; Wang, H. (2023) First report of Curvularia geniculata causing leave spot disease of Bletilla striata in Zhejiang of China. Plant Disease 107: 2527. https: // doi. org / 10.1094 / PDIS- 03 - 23 - 0407 - PDN" type="journal volume" year="2023">
Xie 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E87FFDBF8EF0FD82" box="[607,664,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8970832CEE5EFFE6EA9DFD828C9DFD3E" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1121]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EA9DFD828DDCFD66" bold="true" box="[189,436,626,652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Known distribution:</emphasis>
Colombo, 
<collectingCountry id="F1D8C3BCEE5EFFE6E813FD828EC9FD66" box="[563,673,626,652]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6E891FD828FD1FD66" author="Nityananda, K. &amp; Sivasubramaniam, P. &amp; Ajello, L." box="[689,953,626,652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" pagination="456 - 458" refId="ref9038" refString="Nityananda, K., Sivasubramaniam, P. &amp; Ajello, L. (1964) A case of mycotic keratitis caused by Curvularia geniculata. Archives of Ophthalmology 71: 456 - 458. https: // doi. org / 10.1001 / archopht. 1964.00970010472003" type="journal article" year="1964">
Nityananda 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E91CFD838F1DFD66" box="[828,885,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
1964
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<collectingRegion id="4B0B4DCEEE5EFFE6E9EEFD828870FD66" box="[974,1048,626,652]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Hunan</collectingRegion>
/ 
<collectingRegion id="4B0B4DCEEE5EFFE6EE00FD82881FFD66" box="[1056,1143,626,652]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
/ 
<collectingRegion id="4B0B4DCEEE5EFFE6EE5FFD82888CFD66" box="[1151,1252,626,652]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F1D8C3BCEE5EFFE6EED0FD82895BFD66" box="[1264,1331,626,652]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">China</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6EF63FD828C8FFD5A" author="Huang, Q. &amp; Zhang, L. G. &amp; Wu, Y. &amp; Reardon, R. C. &amp; Qiang, S." pageId="7" pageNumber="250" pagination="387 - 387" refId="ref7663" refString="Huang, Q., Zhang, L. G., Wu, Y., Reardon, R. C. &amp; Qiang, S. (2017) The first report of leaf spot disease on Microstegium vimineum caused by Curvularia geniculata in China. Plant Disease 101: 387 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.1094 / PDIS- 07 - 16 - 1074 - PDN" type="journal article" year="2017">
Huang 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EFB7FD838CCDFD5A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6EAD3FD668DF6FD5A" author="Xie, Y. &amp; Ying, J. &amp; Fang, L. &amp; Wu, J. &amp; Mao, X. &amp; Wang, L. &amp; Wang, H." box="[243,414,662,688]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" refId="ref10468" refString="Xie, Y., Ying, J., Fang, L., Wu, J., Mao, X., Wang, L. &amp; Wang, H. (2023) First report of Curvularia geniculata causing leave spot disease of Bletilla striata in Zhejiang of China. Plant Disease 107: 2527. https: // doi. org / 10.1094 / PDIS- 03 - 23 - 0407 - PDN" type="journal volume" year="2023">
Xie 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EB03FD678D34FD5A" box="[291,348,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
, this study); 
<collectingRegion id="4B0B4DCEEE5EFFE6E80EFD668ECDFD5A" box="[558,677,662,688]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Tamilnadu</collectingRegion>
/ 
<collectingRegion id="4B0B4DCEEE5EFFE6E88DFD668F22FD5A" box="[685,842,662,688]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F1D8C3BCEE5EFFE6E975FD668FE7FD5A" box="[853,911,662,688]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">India</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6E9BEFD668947FD5A" author="Priyadharsini, P. &amp; Muthukumar, T." box="[926,1327,662,688]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" pagination="69 - 77" refId="ref9128" refString="Priyadharsini, P. &amp; Muthukumar, T. (2017) The root endophytic fungus Curvularia geniculata from Parthenium hysterophorus roots improves plant growth through phosphate solubilization and phytohormone production. Fungal Ecology 27: 69 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. funeco. 2017.02.007" type="journal article" year="2017">Priyadharsini &amp; Muthukumar 2017</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6EF1AFD678C80FD3E" author="Manzar, N. &amp; Kashyap, A. S. &amp; Sharma, P. K. &amp; Saxena, A. K." pageId="7" pageNumber="250" refId="ref8564" refString="Manzar, N., Kashyap, A. S., Sharma, P. K. &amp; Saxena, A. K. (2021) First report of leaf spot of maize caused by Curvularia geniculata in India. Plant Disease 105: 4155. https: // doi. org / 10.1094 / PDIS- 03 - 21 - 0637 - PDN" type="journal volume" year="2021">
Manzar 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EFB7FD678CCDFD3E" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1D5D0A7EE5EFFE6EA9DFD2E8882FB8A" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8970832CEE5EFFE6EA9DFD2E8821FCF7" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1121]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EA9DFD2E8DC2FD12" bold="true" box="[189,426,734,760]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="39A78971EE5EFFE6EB93FD2E882DFCF7" collectingDate="2022-07-20" collectionCode="HKAS" collectorName="Dossa G. G. O." country="China" location="Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden" municipality="Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" specimenCode="HKAS 129046" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">
<collectingCountry id="F1D8C3BCEE5EFFE6EB93FD2E8D91FD12" box="[435,505,734,760]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="4B0B4DCEEE5EFFE6E824FD2F8EA0FD12" box="[516,712,734,761]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="69141956EE5EFFE6E8F5FD2E88D2FD12" box="[725,1210,734,760]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden</collectingMunicipality>
, on dead caterpillars, 
<date id="FD71A5ECEE5EFFE6EAA8FCF28D74FCF6" box="[136,284,770,796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" value="2022-07-20">
<collectingDate id="ED355C04EE5EFFE6EAA8FCF28D74FCF6" box="[136,284,770,796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" value="2022-07-20">20 July 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="243AE6FAEE5EFFE6EB07FCF38DAEFCF6" box="[295,454,770,797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Dossa G.G.O.</collectorName>
, XG9 (
<specimenCode id="D9692B57EE5EFFE6E837FCF28EACFCF6" box="[535,708,770,796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">HKAS 129046</specimenCode>
), living culture KUNCC23-13357
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8970832CEE5EFFE6EA9DFCD68882FB8A" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1121]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EA9DFCD68D61FCAA" bold="true" box="[189,265,806,832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Notes:</emphasis>
Based on the BLASTn searches of 
<collectionCode id="EFDE1BE9EE5EFFE6E8BEFCD68EBEFCAA" box="[670,726,806,832]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15590" name="Louisiana State University - Herbarium" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" type="Herbarium">LSU</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="EFDE1BE9EE5EFFE6E8C2FCD68F67FCAA" box="[738,783,806,832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">ITS</collectionCode>
, 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E93AFCD68F0FFCAA" box="[794,871,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">gapdh,</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E9BFFCD68F80FCAA" box="[927,1000,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">tef1-α,</emphasis>
our isolate KUNCC 23-13357 is highly similar (99–100%) to 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6EBA6FCBA8EEAFC8E" box="[390,642,842,868]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Helminthosphaeriaceae" genus="Curvularia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Sordariales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="geniculata">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EBA6FCBA8EEAFC8E" box="[390,642,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Curvularia geniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
strains (CBS 187.50, Tea-N8, NB871), meanwhile, the morphological characteristics also well match to the concept of 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6E88DFC9E8F41FC62" box="[685,809,878,904]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Helminthosphaeriaceae" genus="Curvularia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Sordariales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E88DFC9E8F41FC62" box="[685,809,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Curvularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6E941FC9F8F91FC62" box="[865,1017,878,905]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Helminthosphaeriaceae" genus="Curvularia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Sordariales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="geniculata">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E941FC9F8F91FC62" box="[865,1017,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">C. geniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with developing black, brown stroma on PDA, producing straight or curved, multi-celled conidia, with hila at the base, and the third cell from the base often darker and larger than the others (
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6E86CFC468F35FC3A" author="Marin-Felix, Y. &amp; Hernandez-Restrepo, M. &amp; Crous, P. W." box="[588,861,950,976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" pagination="559 - 588" refId="ref8629" refString="Marin-Felix, Y., Hernandez-Restrepo, M. &amp; Crous, P. W. (2020) Multi-locus phylogeny of the genus Curvularia and description of ten new species. Mycological Progress 19: 559 - 588. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11557 - 020 - 01576 - 6" type="journal article" year="2020">
Marin-Felix 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E8FEFC478F70FC3A" box="[734,792,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). In addition, the multi-genes phylogenetic analyses also indicated our KUNCC 23-13357 clusters with 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6E8F4FC2B8F05FC1E" box="[724,877,986,1013]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Helminthosphaeriaceae" genus="Curvularia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Sordariales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="geniculata">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E8F4FC2B8F05FC1E" box="[724,877,986,1013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">C. geniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
strains (CBS 187.50, Tea-N8=NB871) (
<figureCitation id="11F49FA9EE5EFFE6EF19FC2A89F2FC1E" box="[1337,1434,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1697,1719]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,688,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-210@5.[151,1436,688,1669]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. The Curvularia phylogram was constructed based on combined LSU, ITS, gapdh, and tef1-α sequences. The tree is rooted with Johnalcornia aberrans (CBS 510.91 and CBS 281.91). The BI and ML bootstrap support values equal to or greater than 0.90 BYPP and 60 % are shown at the first and second positions above the nodes, respectively. Type strains are in bold, and newly generated strains are in red." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214764/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Figure 1</figureCitation>
). Previously, 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6EB2BFC0F8DC9FBF2" box="[267,417,1022,1049]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Helminthosphaeriaceae" genus="Curvularia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Sordariales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="geniculata">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EB2BFC0F8DC9FBF2" box="[267,417,1022,1049]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">C. geniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was often reported as leaf spots causing agent of plant hosts in 
<collectingCountry id="F1D8C3BCEE5EFFE6EE42FC0E88C0FBF2" box="[1122,1192,1022,1048]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">China</collectingCountry>
, such as 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6EF29FC0E89C3FBF2" box="[1289,1451,1022,1048]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Bletilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EF29FC0E89C3FBF2" box="[1289,1451,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Bletilla striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6EAB0FBD28D4AFBD6" box="[144,290,1058,1084]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Orchidaceae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6EB17FBD38E20FBD6" box="[311,584,1059,1084]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Microstegium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vimineum">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EB17FBD38E20FBD6" box="[311,584,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Microstegium vimineum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6E8ABFBD38F2FFBD6" box="[651,839,1059,1084]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminate">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E8ABFBD38F2FFBD6" box="[651,839,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Musa acuminate</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6E978FBD28845FBD6" author="Huang, Q. &amp; Zhang, L. G. &amp; Wu, Y. &amp; Reardon, R. C. &amp; Qiang, S." box="[856,1069,1058,1084]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" pagination="387 - 387" refId="ref7663" refString="Huang, Q., Zhang, L. G., Wu, Y., Reardon, R. C. &amp; Qiang, S. (2017) The first report of leaf spot disease on Microstegium vimineum caused by Curvularia geniculata in China. Plant Disease 101: 387 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.1094 / PDIS- 07 - 16 - 1074 - PDN" type="journal article" year="2017">
Huang 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E98EFBD38F81FBD6" box="[942,1001,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6EE1BFBD288B7FBD6" author="Qi, Y. &amp; Fu, Y. &amp; Peng, J. &amp; Zeng, F. &amp; Wang, Y. &amp; Xie, Y. &amp; Zhang, X." box="[1083,1247,1058,1084]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" refId="ref9182" refString="Qi, Y., Fu, Y., Peng, J., Zeng, F., Wang, Y., Xie, Y. &amp; Zhang, X. (2022) First report of banana (Musa acuminate cv. Formosana) Leaf spot disease caused by Curvularia geniculata in China. Plant Disease 106: 1758. https: // doi. org / 10.1094 / PDIS- 09 - 21 - 2001 - PDN" type="journal volume" year="2022">
Qi 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EE40FBD388F3FBD6" box="[1120,1179,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="ED5EFEDDEE5EFFE6EECDFBD289C8FBD6" author="Xie, Y. &amp; Ying, J. &amp; Fang, L. &amp; Wu, J. &amp; Mao, X. &amp; Wang, L. &amp; Wang, H." box="[1261,1440,1058,1084]" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" refId="ref10468" refString="Xie, Y., Ying, J., Fang, L., Wu, J., Mao, X., Wang, L. &amp; Wang, H. (2023) First report of Curvularia geniculata causing leave spot disease of Bletilla striata in Zhejiang of China. Plant Disease 107: 2527. https: // doi. org / 10.1094 / PDIS- 03 - 23 - 0407 - PDN" type="journal volume" year="2023">
Xie 
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6EF3FFBD38932FBD6" box="[1311,1370,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
). Thus, here we report a new host record of 
<taxonomicName id="4ECFF8AFEE5EFFE6E842FBB78E91FB8A" box="[610,761,1094,1121]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Helminthosphaeriaceae" genus="Curvularia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Sordariales" pageId="7" pageNumber="250" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="geniculata">
<emphasis id="BBBB5F3EEE5EFFE6E842FBB78E91FB8A" box="[610,761,1094,1121]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">C. geniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
associated with dead caterpillars (
<figureCitation id="11F49FA9EE5EFFE6EE5AFBB688B4FB8A" box="[1146,1244,1094,1120]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1895,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[151,1436,190,1871]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Curvularia geniculata (HKAS 129046). a Mycelia on a dead caterpillar; b,c obverse and reverse in PDA; d–f stromata on PDA; g–j conidiophores, and conidiogenous cells bearing conidia; k–n conidia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214770" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13214770/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="250">Figure 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>