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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="9487" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7345e6b-fa55-474e-9b6e-d6b185121541" ID-PMC="PMC7718216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-168-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" ID-PubMed="33335445" ModsDocID="1314-2003-168-1" checkinTime="1606572050664" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie &amp; Conner, Matthew" docDate="2020" docId="6995ADA2CE740F47E3BB96899247F463" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 168: 1-333" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 168" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" docTitle="Lycianthes moziniana subsp. var. var. moziniana var. moziniana" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" masterDocTitle="The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732941180293" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="285C7F1F6D3E99927542F0992FC11696">The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
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<mods:identifier id="B0660C7F69DC334412C1A1F2B893CF57" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6995ADA2CE740F47E3BB96899247F463" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596532" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6995ADA2CE740F47E3BB96899247F463" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6995ADA2CE740F47E3BB96899247F463" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Solanaceae">
<subSubSection id="2A6AB7E5C3976168D814C7537272F99D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7DCFBC6691D67F35205FEC2BBFE8E7EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
30a
<taxonomicName id="BC4661828ED3C4DDB48C199C58AD4053" ID-CoL="6QPDY" authority="var. moziniana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes moziniana subsp. var. var. moziniana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="moziniana">Lycianthes moziniana var. moziniana</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="C59D5A457E72EF80B4FAC596F178B503" captionStart="Figure 66" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figure 66. Image of herbarium specimen of L. moziniana var. moziniana, Dean 216 (DAV). Image used with permission of the UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480078" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13FAD01346AF9C96CB7DBADE48B5C4A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8C4BA759662845FD3A7EE38F79896EDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="A1F87A4745A4FA3BAC7F120810DB671B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum uniflorum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflorum">Solanum uniflorum</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="8D2658F231118C340A6BBAC94426BA42" originalValue="Sessé">Sesse</normalizedToken>
ex Lag., Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca]: 10. 1816. Type: Painting made during the Royal Botanical Expedition to New Spain (1787-1803) under the direction of
<normalizedToken id="9BDDF38FBEDABD57578F3DB077E80D67" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="21BA545020902485F2FD6BC10AE81F77" originalValue="Sessé">Sesse</normalizedToken>
y Lacasta (lectotype designated by
<bibRefCitation id="E15850E11B933336516CEBD217497003" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2807681" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Brittonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="192 - 196" refId="B35" refString="Dean, E, 1997. Lectotypification of the names Solanum mozinianum Dunal and Solanum uniflorum Sesse &amp; Mocino. Brittonia 49 (2): 192 - 196, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2807681" title="Lectotypification of the names Solanum mozinianum Dunal and Solanum uniflorum Sesse &amp; Mocino." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2807681" volume="49" year="1997">Dean 1997</bibRefCitation>
, pg. 196: Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, catalogue number 6331.0025).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E68E458547BF26E778E708030E629" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="FDA7CAE71097E25A0912C16E6C5F29C7" authorityName="Roem &amp; Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum monanthum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monanthum">Solanum monanthum</taxonomicName>
Roem. &amp; Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer &amp; Schultes]. 4: 608. 1819. Type: Based on
<taxonomicName id="886AD43159854D842467A658104376E9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum uniflorum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflorum">Solanum uniflorum</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="615DB196DBFD22384C3958287053F727" originalValue="Sessé">Sesse</normalizedToken>
ex Lag.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D4594070A6529F34495510C8AFA1BCDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="28FD16549546D0DDAC2E16D39748F8DD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" form="luteiflorum" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum mocinianum subsp. forma" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="form" species="mocinianum" subSpecies="forma">Solanum mocinianum Dunal forma luteiflorum</taxonomicName>
Dunal, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 164. 1852. Type: Based on
<taxonomicName id="45BA0B513C1DAB02DE8FA61727E18B5C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum uniflorum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflorum">Solanum uniflorum</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="7828D18D93E7A2A675197065C885EDCB" originalValue="Sessé">Sesse</normalizedToken>
ex Lag.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6085895B4C07B4E81AC2873488EFF9E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="76C20C1CDC89D12A42ABACE4BB340F5A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum uniflorum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflorum">Solanum uniflorum</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="10A189E6A8F033D9E52F902974BD659F" originalValue="Moçiño">Mocino</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<normalizedToken id="EE6C968C9A8F3DEAE03BB7E54473F140" originalValue="Sessé">Sesse</normalizedToken>
, Pl. Nov. Hisp.: 35. 1888. Type: Based on
<taxonomicName id="1829A5E378C386B3751721134C044AF7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum uniflorum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflorum">Solanum uniflorum</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="DA21D7C9C709430ED1B4E97C9FE04A23" originalValue="Sessé">Sesse</normalizedToken>
ex Lag.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1351A14D97D482747A5D4A1FB5497514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="4B0EC1E81F01DE60B73C60C8CF26F449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C694978BA58A7DF4105751C4DCE8942C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Perennial herb from fusiform storage roots, decumbent, ascending, to erect, usually recumbent with age, ca. 0.1-0.5 (0.9) m tall, dying back each season far beneath the soil surface. Indument of white, uniseriate, multicellular, simple, eglandular, spreading to appressed trichomes (0.1) 0.5-2 mm long, (in the state of
<normalizedToken id="24AC004C5C915F4B7494EABD3A70A9F7" originalValue="Michoacán">Michoacan</normalizedToken>
, these sometimes intermixed with forked or dendritically branched trichomes). Stems green to purple-green, moderately pubescent (rarely glabrate in age), compressed and ribbed when dried in a plant press, usually with little woody tissue; first stem (2) 5-35 (40) cm long to the first inflorescence, the internodes (3) 6-14 (21); first sympodial branching point usually dichasial, the subsequent sympodial branching points usually monochasial. Leaves simple, those of the upper sympodia usually paired and unequal in size, the larger ones with blades 2-10.5
<normalizedToken id="93037BF5A8FE9A058BE231A1A745D949" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.8-4.2 cm, the smaller ones with blades 1/4-7/8 the size of the larger, the leaf pairs similar in shape, the blades obovate, elliptic, ovate, or lanceolate, chartaceous, moderately pubescent, the primary veins 5-7 on either side of the midvein, the base rounded to cuneate, the margin entire, usually undulate to irregularly angled, the apex rounded to acute, the petioles 0.1-0.5 cm long, sometimes absent. Flowers solitary, axillary, oriented horizontally; peduncles absent; pedicels (30) 50-150 (180) mm and erect in flower, 54-170 mm long (probably longer) and deflexed in fruit, moderately pubescent with trichomes of two distinct lengths, the smaller 0.1-0.3 mm and appressed, the longer 0.5-1.5 mm and mostly spreading, rarely only the longer trichomes present; calyx 3-5.5 mm long, 3.5-7 mm in diameter, campanulate, densely pubescent, the margin truncate, with 10 linear, lax appendages laying closely against the corolla 2-10 mm long emerging ca. 0.5-1 mm below the calyx rim; fruiting calyx enlarged, 4-11 mm long, 9-22.5 mm in diameter, the appendages appressed to fruit, often broken, to 11.5 mm long; corolla 1.3-3.6 cm long (2.9-6.8 cm in diameter), rotate in orientation, mostly entire in outline (with shallow notches), with abundant interpetalar tissue, lilac to dark purple (very rarely white or very pale lilac), with darker purple stripes along the major veins adaxially, green and moderately pubescent near the major veins abaxially; stamens unequal, straight, the filaments of three lengths, the two shortest filaments 1-4.5 mm long, the two medium filaments 1.5-5.5 mm long, the one long filament (2.5) 3-8.25 mm long, the length of the longest filament 1.2-2 times that of the medium filaments, glabrous, the anthers 4.5-8.5 mm long, elliptic to ovate, free of one another, yellow, glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores obovate, dehiscing distally or toward the style, not opening into longitudinal slits; pollen grains tricolporate; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 8-14.5 mm, linear, straight to slightly curved, glabrous, the stigma round to slightly bilobed. Fruit a berry, remaining attached to calyx at maturity, pendent or lying on the ground, 14-41.5 mm long, 12-28 mm diameter, round to ovoid, the exocarp green, glabrous, the mesocarp area green, soft and juicy, lacking sclerotic granules, placental area green, soft and juicy. Seeds (10) 40-139 per fruit, 2.3-2.8
<normalizedToken id="0456E07678BEFDB045B60A80A0FA8BDC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.7-2.5 mm, rounded, slightly compressed, reniform to depressed-obovate brownish-black, the surface reticulum with minute serpentine pattern and shallow luminae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7887736ABCCB2465F457EDFAD409A689" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480078" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 66" startId="F66">
<paragraph id="43A6C2D0BCF05DCCC632FFD123EF1E46" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E5B9C6A38B9B698B50BEE2A3E8CB9F1C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 66.</emphasis>
Image of herbarium specimen of
<taxonomicName id="1B3841C8D4D1C96F5378DC6A8EF59B27" authority="var. moziniana" lsidName="L. moziniana subsp. var. var. moziniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="moziniana">L. moziniana var. moziniana</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="01397C8A9426AE103C648D4009A0CC77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dean 216</emphasis>
(DAV). Image used with permission of the UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EFFD4C08D7B6E15F1FF3338CCC56E9F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph id="FB3C7C4B7761A110387F7AC57F92A747" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A6FD3F3A1FFF49552AD0D596C1447C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
2n = 24 (
<bibRefCitation id="FA6B3A428792278C6DB950C13F454D26" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907353" author="Williams, D" journalOrPublisher="Economic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="387 - 400" refId="B118" refString="Williams, D, 1993. Lycianthes moziniana (Solanaceae): An underutilized Mexican food plant with 'new' crop potential. Economic Botany 47 (4): 387 - 400, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907353" title="Lycianthes moziniana (Solanaceae): An underutilized Mexican food plant with ' new' crop potential." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907353" volume="47" year="1993">Williams 1993</bibRefCitation>
); 2n = 24,
<emphasis id="42C08F403CED5A29AE5D1ABBDC9BD369" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dean 300, 306</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="94B5EE8B7AD5E88903F46D7FF8206424" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="385 - 424" refId="B38" refString="Dean, E, 2004. A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (4): 385 - 424, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" title="A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" volume="145" year="2004">Dean 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9A86787121CBABCBC61A3D988BEF5082" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F6ABDD2DA6D3D20A5E4E2856E9A3BF00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C455CE3FF0FDCCA846362E1280074085" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Mexico (Distrito Federal, Durango, Guanajato, Hidalgo, Jalisco,
<normalizedToken id="8E088916E0F5D4651FB71CACF53D7181" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="1A1C172CA3E2DA1A4940CE1ECC09B86F" originalValue="Michoacán">Michoacan</normalizedToken>
, Nayarit, Puebla,
<normalizedToken id="CDD471245A0FAFC80CB3AB38718B9C55" originalValue="Querétaro">Queretaro</normalizedToken>
, San Luis
<normalizedToken id="9FC2821FADDD5CB2BEADE3B6E0F203B6" originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, perhaps Zacatecas), mainly restricted to the volcanic soils of the transvolcanic belt in disturbed areas such as pastures, agricultural fields, along paths and roadsides, and in clearings in xerophilous schrub, oak and coniferous forest, 1600-3000 m in elevation (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A3692A49BA8D9E8340A4F7A86C9CEE8E" captionStart="Figure 67" captionStartId="F67" captionText="Figure 67. Map of geographic distribution of L. moziniana var. moziniana based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480079" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">67</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="3BCF44FBC19FD8B09DA955E5690C53D7" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480079" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 67" startId="F67">
<paragraph id="5BAA30023BE2A5EFB86BEAE897AFCA6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="5AB8E563D2AA4A33EF1C45591AAA1374" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 67.</emphasis>
Map of geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="CA10220DB5F2BECB5A932E924DBB23D0" authority="var. moziniana" lsidName="L. moziniana subsp. var. var. moziniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="moziniana">L. moziniana var. moziniana</taxonomicName>
based on herbarium specimen data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68D404EE744BAC104E8508A54BDD10AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
<paragraph id="49C67A5D58666211F7ADC0C75A17704E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C6D172DFEB4B1EFF76AF115EE89C1FDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Mexico. Berenjena, berenjito, chumpin, chimpina, huevo de gato,
<normalizedToken id="8D7F6C7D4261359E0F1122560DC61B47" originalValue="tintolón">tintolon</normalizedToken>
, tilindon, tlanoxtle, tlanochtle, tlalnonochtle, shimpe,
<normalizedToken id="D2BE19E851C013BA5D3280E1507F5551" originalValue="tilapó">tilapo</normalizedToken>
, tochin, la chichi, chochocuero, coyotomate, purga de las animas, xipes, mazatlatlaixtli (
<bibRefCitation id="9AE58F271BAE2ED0D74D2909D88BFD34" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="385 - 424" refId="B38" refString="Dean, E, 2004. A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (4): 385 - 424, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" title="A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" volume="145" year="2004">Dean 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Used medicinally as a purgative in the state of
<normalizedToken id="5C8413B6AA655F70DD881E7D6A6D315E" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="F3C2E673DD0A9E3AC0B47801F0550000" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Altimirano 72</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CA4466E7F978C73D1374CCBF76041B9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="27863F2B08E89C0F31B9A98BDC72B25D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="052369AA948DDE1EEBE0DE6FCEE2C01D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Flowering specimens have been collected June to October; specimens with mature fruit have been collected September to December. The first author observed in the field that the corollas open in the very early morning and close by noon. The pollen of this variety has a sweet scent. Solitary bees in the genus
<taxonomicName id="F02D0D63329AD3378CB0515D5F28CF47" genus="Thygator" lsidName="Thygator" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="284069FFA0BCC0F5908AAF330DD717EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thygator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
visit this species (
<bibRefCitation id="A9A692B3758135A452B7CAAB7BB7926F" author="Dean, E" editor="van den Berg, R" journalOrPublisher="Nijmegen University Press, Nijmegen, The Netherlands" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="137 - 151" refId="B37" refString="Dean, E, 2001. The post-anthesis floral biology of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae): variation in filament elongation, anther dehiscence, floral movement, and corolla growth. In: van den Berg, R, Barendse, G, van der Weerden, G, Mariani, C, Eds., Solanaceae V, Advances in Taxonomy and Utilization. Nijmegen University Press, Nijmegen, The Netherlands: 137 - 151" title="The post-anthesis floral biology of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae): variation in filament elongation, anther dehiscence, floral movement, and corolla growth." volumeTitle="Solanaceae V, Advances in Taxonomy and Utilization." year="2001">Dean 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="45A35C3871B2179BC65CBD70681B0C91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="F4F1D2825026CE96FA566B8D4A375738" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C90AB5EF1D28C42C38B195295DFB4EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="8C63D554FBA4157385F3BD71CCB92AAF" authority="var. moziniana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes moziniana subsp. var. var. moziniana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="moziniana">Lycianthes moziniana var. moziniana</taxonomicName>
is a common variety of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt of Mexico, represented by 181 collections and occurring in 12 Mexican protected areas. The EOO is 264,912.814 km2, and the AOO is 688 km2. Based on the
<bibRefCitation id="06A4DA93BAFB61F03A65B0D62798D659" author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" refId="B67" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019. http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019." url="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
criteria, the preliminary assessment category is Least Concern (LC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="970A4E945A36CE61C2B7EF79DAE63ABE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F15AB0A3C8270B6CC7A9D8336E97E9B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8833F25F4528D58D5CDE37EF448D756C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="68BC08C66D8251957AC758316F2B7F5A" authority="var. moziniana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes moziniana subsp. var. var. moziniana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="moziniana">Lycianthes moziniana var. moziniana</taxonomicName>
is separated from closely related taxa by its combination of green fruits, small smooth seeds (without fibrils on cell walls), a tendency toward having only one dichasial or no dichasial branching points, very elongate pedicels, and abaxially pubescent corolla lobes. Variety
<taxonomicName id="3FDDE97921CEC7DA3E0F70C463DBCB02" authorityName="Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 408" authorityYear="1919" baseAuthorityName="Dunal" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="moziniana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moziniana">
<emphasis id="696F472B53E00DDCE3960A3626BD8C5B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">moziniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is separated from the other varieties of the species in having fruiting calyx teeth that are lax in flower and stay appressed to the fruit, cuneate (rather than attenuate) leaf bases, relatively dense and long stem and leaf pubescence, consistently pubescent abaxial corolla lobes, and an affinity for the soils of the transvolcanic belt (
<bibRefCitation id="09C176DD326ED09FEC13F58BABD1438C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="385 - 424" refId="B38" refString="Dean, E, 2004. A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (4): 385 - 424, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" title="A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" volume="145" year="2004">Dean 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FD8E2CC8EE5B5285FD45C2967D0831E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This
<normalizedToken id="74AB56A175D21569F4AFEA8D4C41B6B1" originalValue="“weedy”">&quot;weedy&quot;</normalizedToken>
variety has had an intimate relationship with the people of Mexico and may owe its current distribution to humans, who are probably its primary dispersal agents. The fruit of
<taxonomicName id="D0DB7FEF114706533E72BAF452E31CA1" authority="var. moziniana" lsidName="L. moziniana subsp. var. var. moziniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="moziniana">L. moziniana var. moziniana</taxonomicName>
is edible and in past decades was gathered for sale at markets. Some researchers believe this variety was once a domesticated plant that has since reverted to a weed of agricultural areas (
<bibRefCitation id="69FCF286881C5021CB5D69E2E202CC7E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907353" author="Williams, D" journalOrPublisher="Economic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="387 - 400" refId="B118" refString="Williams, D, 1993. Lycianthes moziniana (Solanaceae): An underutilized Mexican food plant with 'new' crop potential. Economic Botany 47 (4): 387 - 400, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907353" title="Lycianthes moziniana (Solanaceae): An underutilized Mexican food plant with ' new' crop potential." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907353" volume="47" year="1993">Williams 1993</bibRefCitation>
). It persists under traditional agricultural practices by sprouting from its underground root system as well as from seed dispersed by humans (
<bibRefCitation id="3374F25EEF0CCD8919ED2E0C135B0141" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907353" author="Williams, D" journalOrPublisher="Economic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="387 - 400" refId="B118" refString="Williams, D, 1993. Lycianthes moziniana (Solanaceae): An underutilized Mexican food plant with 'new' crop potential. Economic Botany 47 (4): 387 - 400, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907353" title="Lycianthes moziniana (Solanaceae): An underutilized Mexican food plant with ' new' crop potential." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907353" volume="47" year="1993">Williams 1993</bibRefCitation>
). With the advent of herbicide usage in agricultural fields, changes in field preparation techniques, and lack of usage by humans, this once plentiful variety is becoming rare in Mexico (
<bibRefCitation id="C45BDCD3E57C9BB6B810D789C11C05BF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="385 - 424" refId="B38" refString="Dean, E, 2004. A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (4): 385 - 424, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" title="A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" volume="145" year="2004">Dean 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E32302607FF39FD432ABE408579D9020" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In some areas of Jalisco and
<normalizedToken id="4AFD65431EDB968A28AC8A8329B09A48" originalValue="Michoacán">Michoacan</normalizedToken>
, where this variety grows with
<taxonomicName id="2C5C516BAC74BD907DEAA49AA7FE5864" lsidName="L. rzedowskii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rzedowskii">
<emphasis id="D8501779010BDF004B7958B84C27D2E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. rzedowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="02F6D5E3A1F2CB26CD5AE97A655E709E" lsidName="L. acapulcensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="acapulcensis">
<emphasis id="17B1222843E970D9AA95AAD649FBE94E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. acapulcensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, plants with intermediate trichome, leaf and floral color characteristics have been collected or observed. Limited crossing experiments indicate that
<taxonomicName id="6663F09834C47C06E31E30A4CB09A168" authority="var. moziniana" lsidName="L. moziniana subsp. var. var. moziniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="moziniana">L. moziniana var. moziniana</taxonomicName>
is capable of crossing with
<taxonomicName id="355321D6FCE2712FFC975A33540DAB17" lsidName="L. moziniana subsp. var. var. oaxacana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="oaxacana">L. moziniana var. oaxacana</taxonomicName>
, although with reduced fertility; crosses between this variety and mature accessions of
<taxonomicName id="1CCBCC30F07288E28170E9EDEAC40BCF" lsidName="L. moziniana subsp. var. var. margaretiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="margaretiana">L. moziniana var. margaretiana</taxonomicName>
have not yet been performed (
<bibRefCitation id="7539B64BB9AFC961F63B19F8DA1BE142" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="385 - 424" refId="B38" refString="Dean, E, 2004. A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (4): 385 - 424, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" title="A taxonomic revision of Lycianthes series Meizonodontae (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00296.x" volume="145" year="2004">Dean 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0AD33172212311289BA0E1579910A507" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="098EFB150CA2F10D6BE32D2804DDE2DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Representative specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18ABDC028E576E5B54B686500B9E949F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B6DB5D1F537F4E056658794926C4A320" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexico. Distrito Federal</emphasis>
: Limbo,
<normalizedToken id="929334CAC08EC5A26EB2DD566C119F73" originalValue="delegación">delegacion</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="E339AFD5C221B00B68DA839BC4E9E030" originalValue="Álvaro">Alvaro</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F00D736BA796C0935C95FF61F8C550E4" originalValue="Obregón">Obregon</normalizedToken>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="BCD9DC8F27EB8D3F850B7E94FA40479E" degrees="19.3247" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="19.3247">19.3247</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="338E929FCE99427178297ABF08CE9790" degrees="99.2633" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-99.2633">-99.2633</geoCoordinate>
], 2700 m, 4 Aug 1979,
<emphasis id="19D9EF3EA143C7898536AF58B4DA9F33" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="ED9E1A81AA01464F47C17351F9D30128" originalValue="Á">A</normalizedToken>
. Ventura A. 3477
</emphasis>
(ENCB, F, MEX).
<emphasis id="688D2F9D038390DC1455D96A9894ECDA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Durango</emphasis>
: 1 km al noroeste de Santa
<normalizedToken id="B32CE47E5D96EB3B7FABC4BE911D51A2" originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3BE9C3AC86ED90CBB272E89224659547" originalValue="Ocotán">Ocotan</normalizedToken>
, Mezquital, [24.1, -104.6], 13 Jul 1984,
<emphasis id="6907ACBF1DCC7403B5061984A7E09F53" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
M.
<normalizedToken id="2E47E898441FEACEF87F6F521DE05A65" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Espinosa 1378
</emphasis>
(MEXU).
<emphasis id="F40DA70E32193334601FC430A378F416" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hidalgo</emphasis>
: Mpio.
<normalizedToken id="F8BBAFB7D9B21B43E114F8AC1A74E65C" originalValue="Acatlán">Acatlan</normalizedToken>
, small town of Los Reyes, ca. 9 rd. mi from
<normalizedToken id="E48A6EE1C67284030A2C13384A2B44E8" originalValue="Acatlán">Acatlan</normalizedToken>
, along road to Huasca, NW of Tulancingo, [
<geoCoordinate id="0331DCE9638C250517731F527B4C5B32" degrees="20.1888" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="20.1888">20.1888</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4955819A4DD792509ACE490C81C59931" degrees="98.4489" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-98.4489">-98.4489</geoCoordinate>
], 7200 ft, 21 Sep 1991,
<emphasis id="05F74F596889BB7FA95A8C8E6A61E4C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Dean 259</emphasis>
(DAV, IEB).
<emphasis id="00D2EFD2E7C6D6FDC7002EE34E260E70" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Jalisco</emphasis>
: 1 km al suroeste de Nueva Colonia, Santa Catarina, [
<geoCoordinate id="E0F40F3ADB4D45F563987B982ACC4C42" degrees="22.1554" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="22.1554">22.1554</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0B5DCA81187D556BA3FF8292C7958C3C" degrees="104.1165" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-104.1165">-104.1165</geoCoordinate>
], 2200 m, 20 Jul 1992,
<emphasis id="1588EEED61D53A1F163333B7163821DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
J.J.
<normalizedToken id="387800753CA5FD67E11F31635DF8AA52" originalValue="Reynoso-Dueñas">Reynoso-Duenas</normalizedToken>
929
</emphasis>
(IBUG, IEB).
<emphasis id="529E95177CF71086FEB0C4E4175C4AA1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="266F123FC246A3409EC8C8B9F4FFCE01" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Valle de
<normalizedToken id="C8852E5E853573D56F3064FABB10512F" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
, Cuajimalpa a
<normalizedToken id="E2F22CD6E3780EB0F9E074B450F43BCB" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Hondo, [
<geoCoordinate id="B83BA50564266228307CCA78429A0C57" degrees="19.4315" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="19.4315">19.4315</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0E2BCBEA6FFEFF0D987D63F10F35D35D" degrees="99.2919" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-99.2919">-99.2919</geoCoordinate>
], 2400 m, 9 Sep 1951,
<emphasis id="C247962CA084AD6784F7074F45A50B68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Matuda 21819</emphasis>
(MEXU).
<emphasis id="D5C69BC394D265DFED9D5DE6EDD31C1F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="79CD3C8BC303FB7C2D73D949A6B617B9" originalValue="Michoacán">Michoacan</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: lado sureste del Cerro El Aguila, subiendo por el poblado de Huatzanguio,
<geoCoordinate id="E65F3641F3FE77F38860C015E01128C8" degrees="19.6064" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="19.6064">19.6064</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E73A3AE51499648CC45198B98172500C" degrees="101.3792" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-101.3792">-101.3792</geoCoordinate>
, 2530 m, 14 Aug 2008,
<emphasis id="76A0BC7D4F91B01FE541FB29D4EB1A61" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. Cornejo-Tenorio 2840</emphasis>
(IEB).
<emphasis id="F31757ACC122323BD20D71720B4D1CD1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nayarit</emphasis>
: Sierra Madre, territory of Tepic, between Sta. Gertrudis and Sta. Teresa, [
<geoCoordinate id="CAFA9DD85F85B1DEC0B723E00B9FD19D" degrees="21.7167" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="21.7167">21.7167</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="28C4B5864E0A1819FA2CA5CB20FBBF5D" degrees="104.7333" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-104.7333">-104.7333</geoCoordinate>
], 8 Aug 1897,
<emphasis id="C877016F64D67CFFFFA261E9C23A5105" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rose 2068</emphasis>
(GH).
<emphasis id="60F8C373F9254DF4C9A3CE6CEB6B5AEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Puebla</emphasis>
: Mpio. Xochiapulco, Rosa Chica, en un sitio llamado El Plan, cerca de la escuela primaria,
<geoCoordinate id="C7B740746EF5448BB43BB15E1293988F" degrees="19.7950" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="19.795">19.7950</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1CD9442DB5A359F3B361EABD952C2F76" degrees="97.6568" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-97.6568">-97.6568</geoCoordinate>
, 2041 m, 25 Jun 2015,
<emphasis id="EF618F9D6A1D3275574CC149EC142A96" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
M.
<normalizedToken id="8AB0FAC297B603364609D09BA7293906" originalValue="Jiménez">Jimenez</normalizedToken>
-Chimil 30760
</emphasis>
(DAV).
<emphasis id="10A67387B845C632A7FDF16AB6377755" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="63A120776162506A839EA2D2F3274FC2" originalValue="Querétaro">Queretaro</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: El Picacho,
<normalizedToken id="21CA25177F1F3D4EEA889AE6F26A768E" originalValue="desviación">desviacion</normalizedToken>
San Pedro Tenango, 3 km al sureste de Amealco, [
<geoCoordinate id="15F5D68AEECACB79DC09EC6A281C3934" degrees="20.1374" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="20.1374">20.1374</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BCD1029406E301035D74033E6E7DFEAA" degrees="100.1152" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-100.1152">-100.1152</geoCoordinate>
], 2650 m, 20 Jul 2003,
<emphasis id="D7C66CF20D128BE194F7F7C8DDA2BBD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">V. Serrano-Serrano 121</emphasis>
(IEB).
<emphasis id="F7B8E50BBD1971630060411A8D9A3F12" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
San Luis
<normalizedToken id="DBEDD67CF04AF0F2B57F34E2AEFC8F16" originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: chiefly in the region of San Luis
<normalizedToken id="DDA34E277ED22EC7D6091917C783E400" originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
, 6000-8000 ft, 1878,
<emphasis id="70F42400CFA9B3588FE1E5C1137F01E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Parry 662</emphasis>
(GH, MO, NY [the K duplicate of this collection number is
<taxonomicName id="D692369E1DEB97165A6410563F9B8014" lsidName="L. moziniana subsp. var. var. margaretiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="moziniana" subSpecies="var." variety="margaretiana">L. moziniana var. margaretiana</taxonomicName>
]).
<emphasis id="A1B54538C425718FA5351DBBA6E9880F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tlaxcala</emphasis>
: Mpio. Espanita, 0.95 rd mi from intersection with Hwy 136, along road to Espanita, [
<geoCoordinate id="8F4212AAA172A5B634DCD2008277FB49" degrees="19.4931" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="19.4931">19.4931</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A20E69A37B7DFBD962339185B9B81537" degrees="98.4599" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-98.4599">-98.4599</geoCoordinate>
], 8920 ft, 28 Oct 1991,
<emphasis id="D3F46642E6310E4E77F003428213DDBD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Dean 302</emphasis>
(DAV).
<emphasis id="C28EC0C49837A85ECC8FB5B89007BA8C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Veracruz</emphasis>
: camino a Zacatonal,
<geoCoordinate id="C5A5BD1636EF13681D518E8A695A8022" degrees="18.7869" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="18.7869">18.7869</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ED12F30777D04B0AB76FBABFF6D04AA8" degrees="97.2767" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-97.2767">-97.2767</geoCoordinate>
, 9 Jul 2013,
<emphasis id="7774AB7735391632D0C9329ED56A8E99" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.F. Vargas-Rueda 637</emphasis>
(MEXU).
<emphasis id="D2906C0A409F4BAA6FF013A06801CE56" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zacatecas</emphasis>
: 2 km al oeste de Monte Escobedo,
<geoCoordinate id="08C21D98AF6A15419A49A2B1EA8B0C3D" degrees="22.3253" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="22.3253">22.3253</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5FEC0F8A8CDC95F90342DE84C87D27DB" degrees="103.5829" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-103.5829">-103.5829</geoCoordinate>
, 2376 m, 28 Aug 2005,
<emphasis id="28510899314DC465A0B3AEB39EAFEB23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A.
<normalizedToken id="21BEDC2159CD0643FD226FAA4402B60E" originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
4462
</emphasis>
(IBUG).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>