106 lines
13 KiB
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106 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="EEBE20F2DDE3A545A73A411B6197B667" ID-CLB-Dataset="21392" ID-DOI="10.1590/S0073-47212001000100003" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3f88e91-d4c7-4ccb-a00c-e84a8fd8abd3" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3967344" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1596118293448" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Panizzi, Antônio Ricardo & Grazia, Jocélia" docDate="2001" docId="03F3E608FF9AFD71FE45C31B24772A4F" docLanguage="en" docName="Iheringia.90.21-35.pdf" docOrigin="Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 90" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Nezara viridula" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFCA9E70FF99FD74FFC9C628274F281E" masterDocTitle="Stink Bugs (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) And An Unique Host Plant In The Brazilian Subtropics" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1698844030687" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="0EF49414CA8C703AC0631BFC83B1FCDF" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="830CB950D78ED73149F9A618C9BD1F73">
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<mods:title id="B8C21CE30696C1C72E1E4415A8C034BC">Stink Bugs (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) And An Unique Host Plant In The Brazilian Subtropics</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="3774DF7551472F40E2BE60B912CAEE88" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="4B196A861425BE64D396926E004774EB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1A5B638758A77E27C7A1376D6384392A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EF38341A9FC2965BF3E28527A34DB300">Panizzi, Antônio Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="589E0C45DF8F301100B039DB9EF116EF">Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Soja, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Caixa Postal 231, 86001 - 970, Londrina, PR, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="52DC598B5FECA57101E8596B8B1D7880" type="email">panizzi@cnpso.embrapa.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="D3EC4C3B031D691D45BEA0E0AC4877BE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="48DADE904B7D8C275328EC72F1064490">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A5E16520AFB28F6417318DB04C9338C9">Grazia, Jocélia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="59A67C7FC19444DA3A908064AA0D73B3">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Paulo Gama s / n, 90046 - 900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B863EBC31BF44C28D8EE584A497E3BE" type="email">jocelia@vortex.ufrgs.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="12AE1C6FF7736DF99488411810DBF997">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="BD9E6BB260A66CFBB834F10779D2BF1A">
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<mods:title id="62A82E9AE941D5ED2FE2BEDAFA47708E">Iheringia, Sér. Zool.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="184F73E79754DBDD5DE25038D897065A">
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<mods:date id="9569DED7A64F10995181B6FE81652A17">2001</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="445C9CFF6B359A43518E3E975784E709" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="4EB64246FAF16CE6C4F3B1AFE1AB8550">2001-05-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="046B7CEBD75B9ED71A66622EEF2ECB49" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="807D409D22E123AFA3B4409B172F9C04">90</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="1C2625E33BCC21ECBC3512452AFD1608" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="98BF6152E99CC7971D669FE1D1A3C9D8">21</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="E7F2E45F77F7FA6BF7CC886787DC5BE3">35</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="2105EFBF341E8071418B3E6CACE8E9D5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="814B9DA9C2F345FBAF5A984619FAD787" type="CLB-Dataset">21392</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4CF6B06AAEF03672F7BE45A5FF3C3BE8" type="DOI">10.1590/S0073-47212001000100003</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="04E4401A5EA0B57453BA6F8666A002A3" type="GBIF-Dataset">e3f88e91-d4c7-4ccb-a00c-e84a8fd8abd3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AD2CB8705D8B261EAB57C195C9F9FB74" type="Zenodo-Dep">3967344</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F3E608FF9AFD71FE45C31B24772A4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4332238" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166017505" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4332238" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3E608FF9AFD71FE45C31B24772A4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F3E608FF9AFD71FE45C31B24772A4F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="C3400495FF9AFD77FE45C31B25792D57" box="[396,566,1329,1354]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9AFD77FE45C31B25792D57" blockId="3.[332,1263,1095,1735]" box="[396,566,1329,1354]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9AFD77FE45C31B25792D57" box="[396,566,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="D0ADE072FF9AFD77FE45C31B257D2D57" box="[396,562,1329,1354]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9AFD77FE45C31B257D2D57" baseAuthorityName="L." baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[396,562,1329,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Nezara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridula">Nezara viridula</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3400495FF9AFD77FDF2C31A26BB2E93" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9AFD77FDF2C31A23A12D9A" blockId="3.[332,1263,1095,1735]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">The southern green stink bug is a cosmopolitan pentatomid, highly polyphagous, feeding on both cultivatedand uncultivated plants. Becauseof this, and because it is a pest of many economic plants worldwide, it is probably the most studied pentatomid.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9AFD77FE45C3A226BB2E93" blockId="3.[332,1263,1095,1735]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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Among the species observed on privet,
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9AFD77FCE7C3A324EB2DBC" baseAuthorityName="L." baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[814,932,1418,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Nezara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridula">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9AFD77FCE7C3A324EB2DBC" box="[814,932,1418,1442]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">N. viridula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was, by far, the most abundant (
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<figureCitation id="13614B9BFF9AFD77FE9DC38F26C52DA1" box="[340,394,1447,1471]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[370,410,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[371,1304,390,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[654,913,948,1025]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1-7. Seasonal abundance of nymphs and adults of the most common pentatomids found on privet Ligustrum lucidum during a one-year period in northern Paraná state, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3967346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3967346/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Nymphs and adults were present during most of the year, particularly from earlyautumn to early-winter (March-June). Apparently this occurred due to dispersion of the bugs from rural areas, where they colonize soybean,
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9AFD77FCB4C3C923C52DE4" authority="(L.) Merrill" authorityName="Merrill" baseAuthorityName="Merrill" box="[893,1162,1505,1530]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Glycine" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="max">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9AFD77FCB4C3C9234B2DE4" box="[893,1028,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Glycine max</emphasis>
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(L.) Merrill
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</taxonomicName>
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, which is harvested late February-early March, to the urban areas, where privet trees are present at full fruiting stages at this time. Nymphs and adults were not recovered during January- February, when they were possibly concentrated on soybean, and July-September, when fruiting structures are less abundant, and the bugs look for alternate hosts or are present in low numbers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3400495FF9AFD71FE45C0BA24772A4F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9AFD77FE45C0BA234C2ED9" blockId="3.[332,1263,1095,1735]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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Adults green, with segments of the antenna reddish (
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<figureCitation id="13614B9BFF9AFD77FC11C0BA23582EB4" box="[984,1047,1682,1706]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[370,410,1667,1686]" captionTargetBox="[370,1305,390,1570]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 9-12. Nezara viridula: 9, adult on mature fruits of privet; 10, fifth instar on a privet leaf; 11, egg masses on a privet leaf, early development; 12, egg masses, late development. (Scales: 2mm, fig. 9; 1mm, figs. 10-12)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3967350" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3967350/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">fig. 9</figureCitation>
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). The median body length of females 18 mm (n = 10) and of males 14 mm (n = 10).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF250796FF9DFD70FEBBC0AB256D2ED8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3967350" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3967350" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3967350/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" startId="4.[370,410,1667,1686]" targetBox="[370,1305,390,1570]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9DFD70FEBBC0AB256D2ED8" blockId="4.[370,1301,1667,1734]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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Figs. 9-12.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A2C9DFF9DFD70FE13C0AC25272E88" baseAuthorityName="L." baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[474,616,1667,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Nezara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridula">
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9DFD70FE13C0AC25272E88" box="[474,616,1667,1686]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Nezara viridula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: 9, adult on mature fruits of privet; 10, fifth instar on a privet leaf; 11, egg masses on a privet leaf, early development; 12, egg masses, late development. (Scales: 2mm, fig. 9; 1mm, figs. 10-12).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9CFD71FE45C7A123A129E7" blockId="5.[332,1263,393,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
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Nymphs predominantly green, but dark forms occur (
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<figureCitation id="13614B9BFF9CFD71FC7FC7A124B229BF" box="[950,1021,393,417]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[370,410,1667,1686]" captionTargetBox="[370,1305,390,1570]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 9-12. Nezara viridula: 9, adult on mature fruits of privet; 10, fifth instar on a privet leaf; 11, egg masses on a privet leaf, early development; 12, egg masses, late development. (Scales: 2mm, fig. 9; 1mm, figs. 10-12)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3967350" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3967350/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">fig. 10</figureCitation>
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). Eggs light yellowishwhite (
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<figureCitation id="13614B9BFF9CFD71FE5EC78E255C29A0" box="[407,531,422,446]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[370,410,1667,1686]" captionTargetBox="[370,1305,390,1570]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 9-12. Nezara viridula: 9, adult on mature fruits of privet; 10, fifth instar on a privet leaf; 11, egg masses on a privet leaf, early development; 12, egg masses, late development. (Scales: 2mm, fig. 9; 1mm, figs. 10-12)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3967350" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3967350/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">figs. 11, 12</figureCitation>
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) or cream colored turning pinkish and reddish as embryo develops. In the laboratory, nymphs completed development on immature fruits of privet (mortality of 38.7 %), and adults show an excellent reproductive performance (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB2AEFFF9CFD71FBDCC7C923AD29E7" author="PANIZZI, A. R. & VIVAN, L. M." box="[1045,1250,481,506]" journalOrPublisher="Ann. ent. Soc. Am., Washington" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" pagination="822 - 827" part="89" refId="ref6862" refString="PANIZZI, A. R.; VIVAN, L. M. et al. 1996. Performance of the southern green stink bug (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) nymphs and adults on a novel food plant (Japanese privet) and other hosts. Ann. ent. Soc. Am., Washington, 89 (6): 822 - 827." title="Performance of the southern green stink bug (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) nymphs and adults on a novel food plant (Japanese privet) and other hosts" type="journal article" year="1996">
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PANIZZI
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<emphasis id="B92E8B0CFF9CFD71FBAEC7CA23D929E4" bold="true" box="[1127,1174,482,506]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
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., 1996
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</bibRefCitation>
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),
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE5571EFF9CFD71FE85C7D624772A4F" blockId="5.[332,1263,393,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">which isthe reason why privetfruits are being used tomass rear this bug in the laboratory. This is reinforced by the fact that far more nymphs were captured than adults, because of the high rate of egg production by females.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |