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<mods:title id="E53CA58AE1F7D24A965DE36D59F56C80">Taxonomic revision of the subfamily Cladonotinae (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from China with description of three new species</mods:title>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B9182E65EE274A06AE9932EF910D1B80" bold="true" box="[238,341,1745,1771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Epitettix</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE274A06AF2B32EC924D1B80" author="Hancock, J. L." box="[348,533,1745,1772]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" pagination="213 - 244" refId="ref23445" refString="Hancock, J. L. (1907) Studies of the Tetriginae (Orthoptera) in the Oxford University Museum. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1907, 213 - 244, pl. 21" type="journal article" year="1907">Hancock, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BD3F277EE274A06AEE0332B93B11A45" blockId="12.[151,1436,1813,1899]" box="[151,1001,1813,1838]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1100693</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE274A06AEE0330B91931A26" ID-CoL="8NRFN" authority="Hancock, 1907: 216" authorityName="Hancock" authorityPageNumber="216" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,459,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE274A06AEE0330B90B51A27" box="[151,237,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Epitettix</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE274A06AE81330A91931A26" author="Hancock, J. L." box="[246,459,1844,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" pagination="213 - 244" refId="ref23445" refString="Hancock, J. L. (1907) Studies of the Tetriginae (Orthoptera) in the Oxford University Museum. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1907, 213 - 244, pl. 21" type="journal article" year="1907">Hancock, 1907: 216</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE274A06AFAF330A92371A27" author="Gunther, K." box="[472,623,1844,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" pagination="299 - 437" refId="ref23307" refString="Gunther, K. (1938) Revision der Acrydiinae, I. Sectiones, Tripetalocerae, Discotettigiae, Lophotettigiae, Cleostratae, Bufonidae, Cladonotae, Scelimenae verae. Mitteilungen aus dem zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 23 (2), 299 - 437." type="journal article" year="1938">Günther, 1938</bibRefCitation>
, 23:346;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE274A06ACA5330A93C71A27" author="Gunther, K." box="[722,927,1844,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" pagination="937 - 1031" refId="ref23354" refString="Gunther, K. (1974) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Tetrigiodea (Orth. Caelifera) von Madagaskar und von Mauritius. Bulletin du Mu- seum national d'Histoire naturelle Paris, Zoologie, 3 e Serie, 236 (Zoologie 160), 937 - 1031." type="journal article" year="1974">Günther, 1974: 987</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE274A06ADDB330A94261A27" author="Shishodia, M. S." box="[940,1150,1844,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref24108" refString="Shishodia, M. S. (1991) Taxonomy and Zoogeography of the Tetrigoidea (Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea) of North Eastern India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Papers, 140, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Shishodia, 1991: 13</bibRefCitation>
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;
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;
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE274A06AC5B336C93491A00" author="Tumbrinck, J." box="[556,785,1874,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" pagination="345 - 396" refId="ref24444" refString="Tumbrinck, J. (2014) Taxonomic revision of the Cladonotinae (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from the islands of South-East Asia and from Australia, with general remarks to the classification and morphology of the Tetrigidae and descriptions of new genera and species from New Guinea and New Caledonia. In: Telnov, D. (Ed.), Biodiversity, biogeography and nature conservation in Wallacea and New Guinea. Vol. II. the Entomological Society of Latvia, Riga, pp. 345 - 396, pls. 64 - 91." type="book chapter" year="2014">Tumbrinck, 2014: 351</bibRefCitation>
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, 359; Zheng &amp; Lin. 2016: 2.
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE274A06AF4B33A4929A1AD8" ID-CoL="6FXRP" authority="Hancock, 1907" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1907" box="[316,706,1945,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE274A06AF4B33A492561AD8" box="[316,526,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Epitettix punctatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE274A06AC6233A7929A1AD8" author="Hancock, J. L." box="[533,706,1945,1971]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" pagination="213 - 244" refId="ref23445" refString="Hancock, J. L. (1907) Studies of the Tetriginae (Orthoptera) in the Oxford University Museum. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1907, 213 - 244, pl. 21" type="journal article" year="1907">Hancock, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation.
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<emphasis id="B9182E65EE274A06AEB0338392D31AB3" bold="true" box="[199,651,1981,2008]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Description and differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE274A06ACE73383931C1ABC" author="Hancock, J. L." box="[656,836,1981,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" pagination="213 - 244" refId="ref23445" refString="Hancock, J. L. (1907) Studies of the Tetriginae (Orthoptera) in the Oxford University Museum. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1907, 213 - 244, pl. 21" type="journal article" year="1907">Hancock (1907)</bibRefCitation>
described the generic diagnosis of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE274A06AB41338095CD1ABC" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1907" box="[1334,1429,1982,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE274A06AB41338095CD1ABC" box="[1334,1429,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Epitettix</emphasis>
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, whereas
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE274A06AE8D33DF91E21A90" author="Shishodia, M. S." box="[250,442,2017,2043]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref24108" refString="Shishodia, M. S. (1991) Taxonomy and Zoogeography of the Tetrigoidea (Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea) of North Eastern India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Papers, 140, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Shishodia (1991)</bibRefCitation>
provided a detailed redescription of the genus.
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE274A06ADB833DC94761A90" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1907" box="[975,1070,2018,2043]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE274A06ADB833DC94761A90" box="[975,1070,2018,2043]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Epitettix</emphasis>
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spp. share the following charac-
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<paragraph id="8BD3F277EE264A07AEE034A794261C74" blockId="13.[151,1436,153,935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">teristics: body smooth but densely punctate; vertex much wider than one of the eyes, fastigium of vertex in dorsal view distinctly surpassing the anterior margin of eyes as an evenly broad, distinctly blunt, triangular, or rounded process; pronotum not extended up to the apex of hind femora, humeral angles not distinctly visible, posterior margins of lateral lobes of pronotum only with ventral sinus; tegmina and hind wings absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD3F277EE264A07AEB0351492611E7C" blockId="13.[151,1436,153,935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07AEB03514917E1C28" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1907" box="[199,294,298,323]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AEB03514917E1C28" box="[199,294,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Epitettix</emphasis>
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is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07AC6E351793021C28" authority="Zheng 1995 a" authorityName="Zheng" authorityYear="1995" box="[537,858,296,323]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Pseudepitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AC6E351792E01C28" box="[537,696,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Pseudepitettix</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE264A07ACB6351793021C28" author="Zheng, Z. M." box="[705,858,296,323]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="342 - 347" refId="ref25132" refString="Zheng, Z. M. (1995 a) New genera and new species of Cladonotinae from China (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 20 (3), 342 - 347." type="journal article" year="1995">Zheng 1995a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE264A07AD10351794A21C28" author="Storozhenko, S. Y. &amp; Dawwrueng, P." box="[871,1274,297,323]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="325 - 337" refId="ref24198" refString="Storozhenko, S. Y. &amp; Dawwrueng, P. 2014. Three new species of the subfamily Cladonotinae (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from Thailand. Zootaxa, 3811 (3), 325 - 337. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3811.3.3" type="journal article" year="2014">Storozhenko &amp; Dawwrueng (2014)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE264A07AB42351791491C03" author="Zheng, Z. &amp; Lin, L. L." pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref25572" refString="Zheng, Z. M &amp; Lin, L. L. (2016) A new species in the genus Epitettix Hancock (Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea: Cladonotidae) from Yunnan Province. Entomotaxonomia, 38 (1), 1 - 4. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11515 - 005 - 0015 - 2" type="journal article" year="2016">Zheng &amp; Lin (2016)</bibRefCitation>
thought that the difference between the two genera was defined by the width of the frontal ridge near the base of antennae: in
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07AFD8354C92561CE0" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1907" box="[431,526,370,395]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AFD8354C92561CE0" box="[431,526,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Epitettix</emphasis>
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the width of this ridge only 1.51.8 times more than the width of first antennal segment, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07AFF135AB927D1CC4" authorityName="Zheng" authorityYear="1995" box="[390,549,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Pseudepitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AFF135AB927D1CC4" box="[390,549,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Pseudepitettix</emphasis>
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, width of the frontal ridge 2.32.5 times more than the width of first antennal segment. However, the width of frontal ridge is often varied and cannot be distinguished between the two different genera. Based on classified status and generic diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07AD5F35E093DF1C9C" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1907" box="[808,903,478,503]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AD5F35E093DF1C9C" box="[808,903,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Epitettix</emphasis>
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and by comparing the characteristics of the two genera and associated species, I consider the difference between the two genera should be defined by the fastigium of the vertex and whether the pronotum has humeral angles or not: in
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07ADCA361894441F54" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1907" box="[957,1052,550,575]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07ADCA361894441F54" box="[957,1052,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Epitettix</emphasis>
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, fastigium of the vertex in dorsal view distinctly surpasses the anterior margin of the eyes as an evenly broad, distinctly blunt, triangular, or rounded process; humeral angles of pronotum not distinctly visible (I support the generic diagnosis described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE264A07AB453653908A1FC0" author="Hancock, J. L." pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="213 - 244" refId="ref23445" refString="Hancock, J. L. (1907) Studies of the Tetriginae (Orthoptera) in the Oxford University Museum. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1907, 213 - 244, pl. 21" type="journal article" year="1907">Hancock, 1907</bibRefCitation>
, that is: body somewhat smooth but densely punctate. Vertex broad, much wider than one of the eyes, front margin convex; humeral angles almost wanting); in
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07AC94368B93DA1FA4" authorityName="Zheng" authorityYear="1995" box="[739,898,693,719]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Pseudepitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AC94368B93DA1FA4" box="[739,898,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Pseudepitettix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, fastigium of vertex in dorsal view not surpassing or lightly surpassing the anterior margin of eyes, anterior margin of fastigium of vertex nearly straight; humeral angles of pronotum distinctly visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD3F277EE264A07AEB0371E93BF1ECC" blockId="13.[151,1436,153,935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AEB0371E926C1E50" bold="true" box="[199,564,800,827]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Composition and distribution.</emphasis>
Altogether, thirteen species are now assigned to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07AAAB371C95631E50" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1907" box="[1244,1339,802,827]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AAAB371C95631E50" box="[1244,1339,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Epitettix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including the following two new combinations:
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07AC06377894681E34" authority="(Zheng &amp; Jiang, 1994)" authorityName="Deng" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Zheng &amp; Jiang" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[625,1072,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangxiensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AC063778937C1E34" box="[625,804,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">E. guangxiensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE264A07AD44377B94711E34" author="Zheng, Z. M. &amp; Jiang, G. F." box="[819,1065,837,863]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="32 - 36" refId="ref25369" refString="Zheng, Z. M. &amp; Jiang, G. F. (1994) Five new species of Tetrigoidea from Guangxi (Orthoptera). Guangxi Sciences, 1 (2), 32 - 36." type="journal article" year="1994">Zheng &amp; Jiang, 1994</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B931EEE264A07AA4A377B94E21E34" box="[1085,1210,837,863]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07AA853778911D1EE8" authority="(Zheng, 1995 a)" authorityName="Deng" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Zheng" baseAuthorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunnanensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07AA85377895C41E34" box="[1266,1436,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">E. yunnanensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD8F86EE264A07AEE8375791651EE8" author="Zheng, Z. M." box="[159,317,872,899]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="342 - 347" refId="ref25132" refString="Zheng, Z. M. (1995 a) New genera and new species of Cladonotinae from China (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 20 (3), 342 - 347." type="journal article" year="1995">Zheng, 1995a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B931EEE264A07AF38375791921EE8" box="[335,458,873,899]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
These species are distributed over
<collectingCountry id="F37BB2E7EE264A07AD3B3757938D1EE8" box="[844,981,873,899]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37BB2E7EE264A07ADA8375794431EE8" box="[991,1051,873,899]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37BB2E7EE264A07AA53375794DE1EE8" box="[1060,1158,873,899]" name="Vietnam" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37BB2E7EE264A07AAE7375795581EE8" box="[1168,1280,873,899]" name="Indonesia" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, New
<collectingCountry id="F37BB2E7EE264A07AB33375795C01EE8" box="[1348,1432,873,899]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Guinea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37BB2E7EE264A07AEE037B390851ECC" box="[151,221,909,935]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">China</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F37BB2E7EE264A07AF6037B391261ECC" box="[279,382,909,935]" name="Thailand" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Thailand</collectingCountry>
. Two species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6C89F4EE264A07ACDF37B0935F1ECC" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1907" box="[680,775,910,935]" class="Insecta" family="Tetrigidae" genus="Epitettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9182E65EE264A07ACDF37B0935F1ECC" box="[680,775,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Epitettix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are found in
<collectingCountry id="F37BB2E7EE264A07ADEB37B393BB1ECC" box="[924,995,909,935]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>