561 lines
74 KiB
XML
561 lines
74 KiB
XML
<document id="BE9AC8690F8D8EB147883C096164BD69" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.181607" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1f3c2cd3-5189-43a6-84b0-5a5a9ec96dc7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="181607" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459836196969" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hara, Marcos Ryotaro & Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo" docDate="2008" docId="F80E87F28C66137C33E1FD3FFE5AFB8F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01744p058.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1744" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Iandumoema setimapocu Hara & Pinto-Da-Rocha, 2008, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="0437FF8A8C67137B3376FFDAFFD0FFAD" masterDocTitle="A new species of Brazilian troglobitic harvestman of the genus Iandumoema (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae)" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="50" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698223706529" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="EDD15AB5A8EEB8AAB3F35DFA4F7961F7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B884C1BAAD1025DA708A451BACB1D16C">
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<mods:title id="D7D3ACF732219C573BDE9AD33800DC01">A new species of Brazilian troglobitic harvestman of the genus Iandumoema (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="6D77BDB57DE1F43C962745C1DA4461E4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="54B9F29DF0DAD3DCF35EEAE366E5E4F1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3169638E802C903A185E04765EA69435">Hara, Marcos Ryotaro</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0541B1A2E422FA85C12C331AE20CAE68" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="57F2F717D1CC41CD936101BB46E7DCD4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BBA83D17A954FA94F5C340FCBEEC6D44">Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C521B56D99E6B178D204D4EAD606CB21">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="7A7613F02EFBAD439C5467B404CC77DE">
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<mods:title id="9E453FFE9C7F7113A7B79984B38DF58A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E61F1A49AA0C670DA255492A57839332">
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<mods:date id="928D83FE58C727A384F2CF65439E99FF">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B45681C98AFA766DC1F5B1803B33246D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DEB5EC1B03E4EF9F68330FA32C487824">1744</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="205C0FA1871DC21CF577A250875C7082">50</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="9908C9B5A201CBF75B337E24F611487F">58</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="D4FDD77FB6715E7A7FFAB5538BEE8333">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EC8B352BB05BF16C7293F6DE3B224ED4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.181607</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BC00809307F78CAB0E39A57398844E15" type="GBIF-Dataset">1f3c2cd3-5189-43a6-84b0-5a5a9ec96dc7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8805D2C45D18EFEBC26A8BAA6E7BB2AA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="15941C492637D169B414E5E95368B71B" type="Zenodo-Dep">181607</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F80E87F28C66137C33E1FD3FFE5AFB8F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5616777" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119358992" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5616777" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F80E87F28C66137C33E1FD3FFE5AFB8F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F80E87F28C66137C33E1FD3FFE5AFB8F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection id="38BD656F8C66137A33E1FD3FFF2DFC8F" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="701836E48C66137A33E1FD3FFDC1FD52" blockId="1.[151,529,741,802]" box="[151,529,741,767]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="2B5081888C66137A33E1FD3FFDC1FD52" bold="true" box="[151,529,741,767]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A33E1FD3FFDC1FD52" bold="true" box="[151,529,741,767]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C66137A33E1FD3FFE18FD52" ID-CoL="7WQ7V" box="[151,456,741,767]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A33E1FD3FFE18FD52" bold="true" box="[151,456,741,767]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Iandumoema setimapocu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E0578D8C66137A32B9FD3FFDC1FD52" box="[463,529,741,767]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="701836E48C66137A33E1FCD2FF2DFC8F" blockId="1.[151,529,741,802]" box="[151,253,776,802]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C66137A33E1FCD2FF2DFC8F" box="[151,253,776,802]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,255,1554,1578]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,255,1933,1957]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,255,1044,1068]" captionTargetBox-0="[204,1376,189,1497]" captionTargetBox-1="[260,1317,423,1895]" captionTargetBox-2="[291,1296,189,981]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[158,1428,155,1528]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[214,1368,400,1923]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[282,1305,176,1039]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem, ventral view; C: idem, right lateral view; D, right trochanter IV, dorsal view; E, right pedipalp, ventral view. Female (paratype): F, habitus, dorsal view; G, right trochanter IV, dorsal view. A and F at same scale, D and G at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Male (holotype): A, right leg IV, dorsal view; B, idem, prolateral view; C, idem, ventral view. Female (paratype): D, right leg IV, dorsal view; E, idem, ventral view. A – C at same scale, D – E at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Distal part of penis: A, dorsal view; B, left lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/181608/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/181609/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/181610/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="38BD656F8C66137A33E1FC8DFC35FC37" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="701836E48C66137A33E1FC8DFC35FC37" blockId="1.[151,1437,855,1522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A33E1FC8DFE9DFCDC" bold="true" box="[151,333,855,881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<typeStatus id="AF1C88468C66137A33E1FC8DFF02FCDC" box="[151,210,855,881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Type</typeStatus>
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material:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="08B076748C66137A3220FC82FE70FCDF" box="[342,416,856,882]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, Minas Gerais, Coração de Jesus, Lapa do Zu,
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<date id="041910248C66137A30B2FC82FBEEFCDF" box="[964,1086,856,882]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" value="2004-09-03">3.IX.2004</date>
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, M.E. Bichuette & E. Trajano leg., male
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<typeStatus id="AF1C88468C66137A3267FC5AFEAAFC37" box="[273,378,896,922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, one female and one male
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<typeStatus id="AF1C88468C66137A31C4FC5AFCF2FC37" box="[690,802,896,922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(MZSP-28536).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="38BD656F8C66137A33B0FC7DFAF6FC47" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="701836E48C66137A33B0FC7DFAF6FC47" blockId="1.[151,1437,855,1522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A33B0FC7DFE87FC6C" bold="true" box="[198,343,935,961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Etymology:</emphasis>
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The name (from “sëtymã” = animal leg, and “poku”= long; a noun in apposition) is taken from the language of the indigenous Tupi people and refers to the characteristic legs of this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="38BD656F8C66137A33B3FC2DFDF6FB1F" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="701836E48C66137A33B3FC2DFDF6FB1F" blockId="1.[151,1437,855,1522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A33B3FC2DFE97FBBC" bold="true" box="[197,327,1015,1041]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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The new species differs from
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<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C66137A31C6FC22FD20FBBC" box="[688,752,1016,1041]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uai">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A31C6FC22FD20FBBC" box="[688,752,1016,1041]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">I. uai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the male femur IV being straight (curved laterally and dorsally in the basal part in
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<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C66137A3293FBFAFDF5FB94" box="[485,549,1056,1081]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uai">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A3293FBFAFDF5FB94" box="[485,549,1056,1081]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">I. uai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), the male apophysis on coxa IV directed obliquely backwards (basal-half laterad), eyes depigmented (reduced black pigmentation); tubercles on femur IV close to each other, separated by about one diameter (tubercles much more widely spaced); pedipalpal tibia with ectal setae IiiIi (ectal and mesal setae IiIi). See also
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<tableCitation id="3D25035F8C66137A32BFFB42FDF3FB1F" box="[457,547,1176,1202]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,631,655]" captionTargetBox="[159,1423,688,1337]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 2. Detailed morphological comparison between Iandumoema uai and I. setimapocu sp. n." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/24D8666C8C64137833E1FDADFB7FFD22" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" tableUuid="24D8666C8C64137833E1FDADFB7FFD22">Table 2</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="38BD656F8C66137F33B3FB65FA42FED7" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" type="description">
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<paragraph id="701836E48C66137A33B3FB65FCE6FA5F" blockId="1.[151,1437,855,1522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A33B3FB65FEB0FB74" bold="true" box="[197,352,1215,1241]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Description:</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A3211FB1AFE74FB74" box="[359,420,1216,1241]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Male</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AF1C88468C66137A32C4FB1AFDF0FB77" box="[434,544,1216,1242]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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): Dorsum (
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<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C66137A31D6FB1AFD31FB77" box="[672,737,1216,1242]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[204,1376,189,1497]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[158,1428,155,1528]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem, ventral view; C: idem, right lateral view; D, right trochanter IV, dorsal view; E, right pedipalp, ventral view. Female (paratype): F, habitus, dorsal view; G, right trochanter IV, dorsal view. A and F at same scale, D and G at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181608/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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A): Measurements: Dorsal scute length 3.7; prosoma length 1.4; opisthosoma maximum width 3.3; prosoma width 2.2. Measurements of legs:
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<tableCitation id="3D25035F8C66137A372AFB32FB64FAAF" box="[1116,1204,1256,1282]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,1575,1599]" captionTargetBox="[159,1406,1666,1903]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n., measurements of appendages of male holotype and female paratype (in parentheses)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/24D8666C8C66137A33E1F9FDFEF4F9CC" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" tableUuid="24D8666C8C66137A33E1F9FDFEF4F9CC">Table 1</tableCitation>
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. Frontal hump with 4 tubercles, anterior margin with 4 tubercles on each side. Ocularium with reduced and depigmented eyes; with high upwardly directed spine, apex curved backwards (
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<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C66137A302AFAE2FC70FAFF" box="[860,928,1336,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[204,1376,189,1497]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[158,1428,155,1528]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem, ventral view; C: idem, right lateral view; D, right trochanter IV, dorsal view; E, right pedipalp, ventral view. Female (paratype): F, habitus, dorsal view; G, right trochanter IV, dorsal view. A and F at same scale, D and G at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181608/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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C). Each side of ocularium with 7–8 tubercles; 6 tubercles posterior to ocularium. Area I divided, with 5 tubercles on each side; II with two transversal rows of 5–7 tubercles each; III with 9 tubercles; IV with 8 tubercles. Lateral margin with two rows of tubercles from sulci I to III. Posterior margin of dorsal scute with 9 tubercles. Free tergite I with 13 tubercles; II with 10; III with 10. Anal opercle irregularly tuberculate.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="24D8666C8C66137A33E1F9FDFEF4F9CC" ID-Table-UUID="24D8666C8C66137A33E1F9FDFEF4F9CC" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/24D8666C8C66137A33E1F9FDFEF4F9CC" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[159,1406,1666,1903]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="1">
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<paragraph id="701836E48C66137A33E1F9FDFEF4F9CC" blockId="1.[151,1436,1575,1633]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A33E1F9FDFEDCF992" bold="true" box="[151,268,1575,1599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C66137A326EF9F2FDF8F992" box="[280,552,1576,1599]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A326EF9F2FDF8F992" box="[280,552,1576,1599]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Iandumoema setimapocu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E0578D8C66137A3144F9FDFDA1F992" box="[562,625,1575,1599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C66137A3144F9FDFDA1F992" bold="true" box="[562,625,1575,1599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">sp. n.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, measurements of appendages of male holotype and female paratype (in parentheses).
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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<paragraph id="701836E48C66137A3236F958FAB2F8C2" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<table id="02A7C4448C66EC8433E9F958FAAEF8C2" box="[159,1406,1666,1903]" gridcols="7" gridrows="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C66EC8433E9F958FAAEF934" box="[159,1406,1666,1689]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="51" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC843236F958FE4CF934" box="[320,412,1666,1689]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">TR</th>
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC843297F958FDEDF934" box="[481,573,1666,1689]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">FE</th>
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||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC8431F5F958FD0EF934" box="[643,734,1666,1689]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">PT</th>
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC843052F958FCAFF934" box="[804,895,1666,1689]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">TI</th>
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||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC8430B3F958FB11F934" box="[965,1217,1666,1689]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">MT TA</th>
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||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC843671F958FAAEF934" box="[1287,1406,1666,1689]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Total</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C66EC8433E9F977FAAEF969" box="[159,1406,1709,1732]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
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<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC8433E9F977FF2DF969" box="[159,253,1709,1732]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Leg I</th>
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<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843236F977FE4CF969" box="[320,412,1709,1732]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">0.3 (0.4)</td>
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<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843297F977FDEDF969" box="[481,573,1709,1732]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">3.8 (3.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8431F5F977FD0EF969" box="[643,734,1709,1732]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">1.2 (1.0)</td>
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<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843052F977FCAFF969" box="[804,895,1709,1732]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">3.4 (2.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8430B3F977FB11F969" box="[965,1217,1709,1732]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">5.5 (4.3) 3.1 (2.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843671F977FAAEF969" box="[1287,1406,1709,1732]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">17.3 (13.7)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C66EC8433E9F902FAAEF942" box="[159,1406,1752,1775]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC8433E9F902FF2DF942" box="[159,253,1752,1775]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Leg II</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843236F902FE4CF942" box="[320,412,1752,1775]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">0.6 (0.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843297F902FDEDF942" box="[481,573,1752,1775]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">8.4 (5.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8431F5F902FD0EF942" box="[643,734,1752,1775]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">1.6 (0.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843052F902FCAFF942" box="[804,895,1752,1775]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">7.4 (5.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8430B3F902FB11F942" box="[965,1217,1752,1775]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">10.1 (6.8) 7.5 (6.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843671F902FAAEF942" box="[1287,1406,1752,1775]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">35.6 (25.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C66EC8433E9F8D8FAAEF8B4" box="[159,1406,1794,1817]" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC8433E9F8D8FF2DF8B4" box="[159,253,1794,1817]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Leg III</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843236F8D8FE4CF8B4" box="[320,412,1794,1817]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">0.7 (0.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843297F8D8FDEDF8B4" box="[481,573,1794,1817]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">5.9 (4.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8431F5F8D8FD0EF8B4" box="[643,734,1794,1817]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">1.4 (1.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843052F8D8FCAFF8B4" box="[804,895,1794,1817]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">3.6 (2.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8430B3F8D8FB11F8B4" box="[965,1217,1794,1817]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">6.8 (4.7) 2.6 (2.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843671F8D8FAAEF8B4" box="[1287,1406,1794,1817]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">21.0 (16.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C66EC8433E9F8F7FAAEF8E9" box="[159,1406,1837,1860]" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC8433E9F8F7FF2DF8E9" box="[159,253,1837,1860]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Leg IV</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843236F8F7FE4CF8E9" box="[320,412,1837,1860]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">1.1 (0.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843297F8F7FDEDF8E9" box="[481,573,1837,1860]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">8.5 (6.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8431F5F8F7FD0EF8E9" box="[643,734,1837,1860]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">1.9 (1.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843052F8F7FCAFF8E9" box="[804,895,1837,1860]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">6.2 (4.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8430B3F8F7FB11F8E9" box="[965,1217,1837,1860]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">9.3 (6.6) 2.8 (2.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843671F8F7FAAEF8E9" box="[1287,1406,1837,1860]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">29.8 (21.5)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C66EC8433E9F882FAAEF8C2" box="[159,1406,1880,1903]" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C66EC8433E9F882FF2DF8C2" box="[159,253,1880,1903]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Pedipalp</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843236F882FE4CF8C2" box="[320,412,1880,1903]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">0.6 (0.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843297F882FDEDF8C2" box="[481,573,1880,1903]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">1.9 (1.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8431F5F882FD0EF8C2" box="[643,734,1880,1903]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">1.0 (0.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843052F882FCAFF8C2" box="[804,895,1880,1903]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">1.4 (1.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC8430B3F882FB11F8C2" box="[965,1217,1880,1903]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">--- 1.1 (1.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C66EC843671F882FAAEF8C2" box="[1287,1406,1880,1903]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">6.0 (5.3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C66137A33B3F868FB98F859" blockId="1.[151,1436,1970,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Venter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C66137A3254F868FEB5F861" box="[290,357,1970,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[204,1376,189,1497]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[158,1428,155,1528]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem, ventral view; C: idem, right lateral view; D, right trochanter IV, dorsal view; E, right pedipalp, ventral view. Female (paratype): F, habitus, dorsal view; G, right trochanter IV, dorsal view. A and F at same scale, D and G at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181608/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B): Coxa I with 17 tubercles; II with 22; III with 12 tubercles; IV and stigmatic area irregularly tuberculate. Posterior margin and free sternites with a row of low tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="24D8666C8C65137933E1F9C8FAF5F9C2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181608/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[204,1376,189,1497]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C65137933E1F9C8FAF5F9C2" blockId="2.[151,1436,1554,1647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C65137933E1F9C8FECAF987" bold="true" box="[151,282,1554,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C6513793255F9C8FDE0F984" box="[291,560,1554,1577]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C6513793255F9C8FDE0F984" box="[291,560,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Iandumoema setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E0578D8C6513793141F9C8FDA4F987" box="[567,628,1554,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C6513793141F9C8FDA4F987" bold="true" box="[567,628,1554,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem, ventral view; C: idem, right lateral view; D, right trochanter IV, dorsal view; E, right pedipalp, ventral view. Female (paratype): F, habitus, dorsal view; G, right trochanter IV, dorsal view. A and F at same scale, D and G at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C65137933B3F947FE33F972" blockId="2.[151,1437,1693,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Chelicera: Segment I elongated, bulla with 5 tubercles. Fixed finger with 5 equal-sized teeth on the edge; movable finger with 3 teeth.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C65137833B3F937FCA7FE0F" blockId="2.[151,1437,1693,1999]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,578]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Pedipalps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C651379323CF937FE5EF8AA" box="[330,398,1773,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[204,1376,189,1497]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[158,1428,155,1528]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem, ventral view; C: idem, right lateral view; D, right trochanter IV, dorsal view; E, right pedipalp, ventral view. Female (paratype): F, habitus, dorsal view; G, right trochanter IV, dorsal view. A and F at same scale, D and G at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181608/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A,E): Slightly elongated. Coxa with 1 dorsal tubercle. Trochanter with 2 dorsal and 2 ventral (ventral mesal largest) tubercles. Femur with 1 ventro-basal followed by 3 small and 1 mesal subapical tubercles. Patella smooth; tibial spination: Ectal IiiIi, mesal IiIi; tarsal spination: Ectal and mesal IiIi. Legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C6513793279F8BFFE85F8D2" box="[271,341,1893,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[204,1376,189,1497]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[158,1428,155,1528]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem, ventral view; C: idem, right lateral view; D, right trochanter IV, dorsal view; E, right pedipalp, ventral view. Female (paratype): F, habitus, dorsal view; G, right trochanter IV, dorsal view. A and F at same scale, D and G at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181608/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="52">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D, 2A–C): Coxa I with 2 stout tubercles; II with 1 stout anterior tubercle and 1 posterior, the latter largely fused with anterior tubercle of III; IV with scattered tubercles and with dorso-apical, slightly sigmoid, backwards-directed apophysis. Trochanter I with 4 dorsal, 1 prolateral, 1 retrolateral and 3 ventral tubercles; II with 3 dorsal, 1 prolateral, 1 retrolateral and 3 ventral tubercles; III with 4 dorsal and 3 ventral tubercles; IV with large basal prolateral apophysis, wide and low median apophysis, and with 4 retrolateral (apical one largest), 2 dorsal and 9 ventral tubercles. Femur–tibia III with small tubercles. Femur IV straight, with 2 irregular rows of dorsal tubercles, 2 ventral rows of higher (twice as long as wide) tubercles on apex, 1 retrolateral row of irregular-sized tubercles, 1 prolateral row of small tubercles, 3 larger (median one largest) dorso-apical tubercles. Tibia IV with 2 rows of ventral tubercles (one higher than the other) in distal 1/3. Basitarsus I slightly swollen. Tarsal segmentation: 6(3), 11(3), 6, 6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C64137833B3FE6AFE91FDEF" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C6413783260FE6AFE8DFE67" box="[278,349,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1044,1068]" captionTargetBox="[291,1296,189,981]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[282,1305,176,1039]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Distal part of penis: A, dorsal view; B, left lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181610/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B): Ventral plate subrectangular, with concave base, distal margin straight; apex with an apical and a basal group of 4 long and straight setae on each side, without small intermediary setae. Glans enlarged in basal half, stylus short and thick; ventral process of stylus with serrate distal margin, not reaching apex of stylus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="24D8666C8C64137833E1FDADFB7FFD22" ID-Table-UUID="24D8666C8C64137833E1FDADFB7FFD22" box="[151,1199,631,655]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/24D8666C8C64137833E1FDADFB7FFD22" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[159,1423,688,1337]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C64137833E1FDADFB7FFD22" blockId="3.[151,1199,631,655]" box="[151,1199,631,655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C64137833E1FDADFED2FD22" bold="true" box="[151,258,631,655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">TABLE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Detailed morphological comparison between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C6413783180FDA2FC7AFD22" box="[758,938,632,655]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uai">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C6413783180FDA2FC7AFD22" box="[758,938,632,655]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Iandumoema uai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C64137830A8FDA2FBBDFD22" box="[990,1133,632,655]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C64137830A8FDA2FC37FD22" box="[990,999,632,655]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C6413783082FDA2FBBDFD22" box="[1012,1133,632,655]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E0578D8C6413783702FDADFB7FFD22" box="[1140,1199,631,655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C64137833E9FD6AFB76FA94" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<table id="02A7C4448C64EC8433E9FD6AFA5FFA94" box="[159,1423,688,1337]" gridcols="3" gridrows="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FD6AFA5FFD6A" box="[159,1423,688,711]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FD6AFDE8FD6A" box="[159,568,688,711]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Characters</th>
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFD6AFC35FD6A" box="[588,997,688,711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C641378313AFD6AFD55FD6A" box="[588,645,688,711]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uai">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C641378313AFD6AFD55FD6A" box="[588,645,688,711]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">I. uai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFD6AFA5FFD6A" box="[1018,1423,688,711]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C641378308DFD6AFB5BFD6A" box="[1019,1163,688,711]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C641378308DFD6AFB5BFD6A" box="[1019,1163,688,711]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">I. setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FD00FA5FFCB9" box="[159,1423,730,788]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FD00FDE8FCB9" box="[159,568,730,788]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Size of eyes</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFD00FC35FCB9" box="[588,997,730,788]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">At least twice the diameter of tubercles on prosoma</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFD00FA5FFCB9" box="[1018,1423,730,788]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Same or similar size of diameter of tubercles on prosoma</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FCF2FA5FFC92" box="[159,1423,808,831]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FCF2FDE8FC92" box="[159,568,808,831]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Setae on male pedipalpal tibia</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFCF2FC35FC92" box="[588,997,808,831]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Ectally and mesally with IiIi</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFCF2FA5FFC92" box="[1018,1423,808,831]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Ectally with IiiIi and mesally with IiIi</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FC88FA5FFC21" box="[159,1423,850,908]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FC88FDE8FC21" box="[159,568,850,908]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Direction of dorso-apical apophysis on male coxa IV</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFC88FC35FC21" box="[588,997,850,908]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Backwards and laterad</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFC88FA5FFC21" box="[1018,1423,850,908]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Obliquely backwards, close to body</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FC7AFA5FFC74" box="[159,1423,928,985]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FC7AFDE8FC74" box="[159,568,928,985]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Median prolateral apophysis on male trochanter IV</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFC7AFC35FC74" box="[588,997,928,985]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFC7AFA5FFC74" box="[1018,1423,928,985]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Present</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FC37FA5FFB8A" box="[159,1423,1005,1063]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FC37FDE8FB8A" box="[159,568,1005,1063]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Retrolateral row of high tubercles on male femur IV</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFC37FC35FB8A" box="[588,997,1005,1063]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFC37FA5FFB8A" box="[1018,1423,1005,1063]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Present</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FBE0FA5FFBD9" box="[159,1423,1082,1140]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FBE0FDE8FBD9" box="[159,568,1082,1140]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Larger tubercles on male femur apex</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFBE0FC35FBD9" box="[588,997,1082,1140]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Two (one prolaterally, the other retro- laterally)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFBE0FA5FFBD9" box="[1018,1423,1082,1140]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Three (two as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C64137837D9FBE0FB37FBFC" box="[1199,1255,1082,1105]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uai">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C64137837D9FBE0FB37FBFC" box="[1199,1255,1082,1105]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">I. uai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, plus a large median one)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FB52FA5FFB32" box="[159,1423,1160,1183]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FB52FDE8FB32" box="[159,568,1160,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Median setae on ventral plate of penis</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFB52FC35FB32" box="[588,997,1160,1183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Present (one pair)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFB52FA5FFB32" box="[1018,1423,1160,1183]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Absent</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FB68FA5FFB41" box="[159,1423,1202,1260]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FB68FDE8FB41" box="[159,568,1202,1260]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Size of dorso-apical apophysis on female coxa IV</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFB68FC35FB41" box="[588,997,1202,1260]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Short (half of trochanter IV length)</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFB68FA5FFB41" box="[1018,1423,1202,1260]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Long (3/4 of or almost equal to trochanter IV length)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CE9734A68C64EC8433E9FADAFA5FFA94" box="[159,1423,1280,1337]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="8D465DDA8C64EC8433E9FADAFDE8FA94" box="[159,568,1280,1337]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Prolateral apophyses on female tro- chanter IV</th>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84313AFADAFC35FA94" box="[588,997,1280,1337]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="8D465DDA8C64EC84308CFADAFA5FFA94" box="[1018,1423,1280,1337]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Present, half or less than half as long as those in male</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C64137833B3FA50FEE6FA61" blockId="3.[151,1436,1418,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Coloration: Depigmented, uniformly light brown. Pedipalps, legs I–III and tibia–tarsus IV lighter. Eyes depigmented.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C64137833B0FA01FB31F949" blockId="3.[151,1436,1418,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C64137833B0FA01FECEFA59" box="[198,286,1499,1524]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="AF1C88468C6413783242FA00FE4EFA59" box="[308,414,1498,1524]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C64137832C7FA00FE2AFA59" box="[433,506,1498,1524]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1554,1578]" captionTargetBox="[204,1376,189,1497]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[158,1428,155,1528]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Iandumoema setimapocu sp. n. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem, ventral view; C: idem, right lateral view; D, right trochanter IV, dorsal view; E, right pedipalp, ventral view. Female (paratype): F, habitus, dorsal view; G, right trochanter IV, dorsal view. A and F at same scale, D and G at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181608/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
F–G, 2D–E): Measurements: Dorsal scute length 3.2; prosoma length 1.8; opisthosoma maximum width 2.6; prosoma width 1.9. Only characteristics different from those of males are mentioned. Anterior margin of dorsal scute with 1–3 tubercles on each side. Area I with 3–7 tubercles on each side; II with 17; III with 11; IV with 10 tubercles. Posterior margin with 12 tubercles. Free tergite I with 12; II with 11; III with 12 tubercles. Pedipalpal tibia spination: Ectal and mesal IiIi. Coxa IV with a shorter dorsal apophysis (half as long) than in male; trochanter IV with basal and median apophyses half as long or less than in male; tubercles on legs smaller than in male; femur IV with 2 larger dorso-apical tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C64137F33B3F928FA42FED7" blockId="3.[151,1436,1418,2004]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,378]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C64137833B3F928FB91F8A1" bold="true" box="[197,1089,1778,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Detailed comparison between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C641378314BF928FCDCF8A1" box="[573,780,1778,1804]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uai">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C641378314BF928FCDCF8A1" bold="true" box="[573,780,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">Iandumoema uai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C641378303DF928FC3EF8A1" box="[843,1006,1778,1804]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C641378303DF928FC3EF8A1" bold="true" box="[843,1006,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">I. setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E0578D8C6413783083F928FBEAF8A1" box="[1013,1082,1778,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A brief summary of the morphological comparison is presented in table 2. In general
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C6413783044F8C1FCA0F899" box="[818,880,1818,1844]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uai">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C6413783044F8C1FCECF899" box="[818,828,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C641378303CF8C1FCA0F899" box="[842,880,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">uai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has proportionally longer appendages, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C64137833E1F899FEE8F8F1" box="[151,312,1858,1884]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C64137833E1F899FF71F8F1" box="[151,161,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C64137833C4F899FEE8F8F1" box="[178,312,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has proportionally smaller eyes. It is noteworthy to mention that the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C641378378AF899FA4CF8F1" box="[1276,1436,1858,1884]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C641378378AF899FAD6F8F1" box="[1276,1286,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C6413783660F899FA4CF8F1" box="[1302,1436,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="53">setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses a dorso-apical apophysis on coxa IV which is proportionally larger than in females of other genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C64137833C0F848FEE7F801" box="[182,311,1938,1964]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pachylinae">Pachylinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(usually with a larger, pointed tubercle dorso-apically on coxa IV). Other relatively similar conditions, i.e. females which have legs with spines and apophyses as long as those of males, are exhibited in some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C63137F322CFF42FE2BFF1F" box="[346,507,152,178]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Caelopyginae">Caelopyginae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see illustrations in Pinto-da-Rocha 2002) and Progonyleptoidellinae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C63137F3649FF42FE48FF77" author="Kury" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" refString="Kury, A. B. & Pinto-da-Rocha, R. (1997) Notes on the Brazilian harvestmen genera Progonyleptoidellus Piza and Iporangaia Mello-Leitao (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae). Revista brasileira de Entomologia, 41,109 - 115." type="book" year="1997">Kury & Pinto-da-Rocha 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The presence of spines and apophyses on coxa IV of females that are as long as in males indicates paternal care (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C63137F317FFF32FC65FEAF" author="Machado" box="[521,949,232,258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" refString="Machado, G. & Macias-Ordonez, R. (2007) Chapter 12: Reproduction. In: Machado, G., Pinto-da-Rocha, R. &. Giribet, G. (Eds), Harvestmen, the biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, pp. 414 - 454." type="book chapter" year="2007">Machado & Macías-Ordóñez 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, there is no reported case of paternal care in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C63137F3227FECAFE02FE87" box="[337,466,272,298]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pachylinae">Pachylinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the reproductive biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C63137F3039FECAFC3CFE84" box="[847,1004,272,298]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C63137F3039FECAFC89FE84" box="[847,857,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C63137F3011FECAFC3CFE84" box="[871,1004,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown. Nonetheless, it is worth investigating their reproductive biology to test the hypothesis that paternal care is connected to coxa IV armature in females and to provide additional data for conservation management of the cave and its surroundings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="24D8666C8C63137F33E1F857FE07F847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181609/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[260,1317,423,1895]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C63137F33E1F857FE07F847" blockId="4.[151,1436,1933,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C63137F33E1F857FECAF808" bold="true" box="[151,282,1933,1957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C63137F3254F857FDFFF809" box="[290,559,1933,1956]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C63137F3254F857FDFFF809" box="[290,559,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">Iandumoema setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E0578D8C63137F3140F857FDA3F808" box="[566,627,1933,1957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C63137F3140F857FDA3F808" bold="true" box="[566,627,1933,1957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Male (holotype): A, right leg IV, dorsal view; B, idem, prolateral view; C, idem, ventral view. Female (paratype): D, right leg IV, dorsal view; E, idem, ventral view. A–C at same scale, D –E at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="24D8666C8C62137E33E1FBCEFA43FB81" box="[151,1427,1044,1068]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181610/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[291,1296,189,981]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C62137E33E1FBCEFA43FB81" blockId="5.[151,1427,1044,1068]" box="[151,1427,1044,1068]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E33E1FBCEFEC9FB81" bold="true" box="[151,281,1044,1068]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C62137E3256FBCFFDFCFB81" box="[288,556,1045,1068]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E3256FBCFFDFCFB81" box="[288,556,1045,1068]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">Iandumoema setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E3144FBCEFDBEFB81" bold="true" box="[562,622,1044,1068]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E0578D8C62137E3144FBCEFDBEFB81" box="[562,622,1044,1068]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Distal part of penis: A, dorsal view; B, left lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="38BD656F8C62137E33B3FB80FB8CFA91" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C62137E33B3FB80FCDCFBD9" blockId="5.[151,1437,1114,2020]" box="[197,780,1114,1140]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E33B3FB80FEB8FBD9" bold="true" box="[197,360,1114,1140]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="AF1C88468C62137E3102FB80FD77FBD9" box="[628,679,1114,1140]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C62137E33B3FB58FB8CFA91" blockId="5.[151,1437,1114,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E33B3FB58FE45FB31" bold="true" box="[197,405,1154,1180]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">Biological notes:</emphasis>
|
||
The Lapa do Zu Cave is
|
||
<quantity id="B75F9B018C62137E31BAFB58FCDAFB31" box="[716,778,1154,1180]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
|
||
long, traversed by a stream which carries considerable amounts of leaves, tree branches and trunks into the aphotic zone. The air temperature was around 24°C during colleting. The animals were captured
|
||
<quantity id="B75F9B018C62137E310DFB08FCD0FB41" box="[635,768,1234,1260]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="250.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="200.0">200–300 m</quantity>
|
||
from the main cave entrance, on plant debris close to the stream and on the cave walls, in a very humid place.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C62137E3052FB20FC15FABE" box="[804,965,1274,1299]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E3052FB20FC15FABE" box="[804,965,1274,1299]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">I. setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E0578D8C62137E30A6FB20FBC5FAB9" box="[976,1045,1274,1300]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E30A6FB20FBC5FAB9" bold="true" box="[976,1045,1274,1300]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
shows the following troglomorphism: Body depigmented, appendages elongated, eyes reduced and depigmented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="38BD656F8C62137C33B0FA90FE5AFB8F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C62137E33B0FA90FB1CF849" blockId="5.[151,1437,1114,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E33B0FA90FDDFFAC9" bold="true" box="[198,527,1354,1380]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">Biogeographical remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C62137E31D2FA90FCEDFACE" box="[676,829,1354,1379]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E31D2FA90FCEDFACE" box="[676,829,1354,1379]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">Iandumoema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
encompasses only two species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C62137E37BCFA90FADCFACE" box="[1226,1292,1354,1379]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uai">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E37BCFA90FADCFACE" box="[1226,1292,1354,1379]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">I. uai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C62137E363BFA90FF24FA26" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setimapocu" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E363BFA90FF24FA26" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">I. setimapocu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E0578D8C62137E338BFAA8FE91FA21" box="[253,321,1394,1420]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E338BFAA8FE91FA21" bold="true" box="[253,321,1394,1420]" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, each restricted to a single cave in the State of Minas Gerais. These caves are about
|
||
<quantity id="B75F9B018C62137E3637FAA8FA4CFA21" box="[1345,1436,1394,1420]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="170.0">170 km</quantity>
|
||
apart in a straight line, with the São Francisco river between them. Dispersion across the subterranean habitat by a common ancestor, now extinct, seems to be unlikely, since these caves are located at different margins of the large São Francisco river. Even if there is a lithographic continuity beneath the river, the limestone spaces would be filled with water (A. Auler pers. comm.), thus precluding the dispersion of terrestrial cave animals. An independent colonization of both caves by an epigeic ancestor, which then was widely distributed in northwestern Minas Gerais, followed by isolation and speciation, seems to be more reasonable. Terrestrial subterranean animal species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="08B076748C62137E32C0F950FE2EF909" box="[438,510,1674,1700]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
are believed to be of recent origin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C62137E30C9F950FBB5F909" author="Trajano" box="[959,1125,1674,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refString="Trajano, E. (1995) Evolution of tropical troglobites: applicability of the model of Quaternary climatic fluctuations. Memoires de Biospeologie, 22, 203 - 209." type="journal article" year="1995">Trajano 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The isolation may have occurred in one of the nine Pleistocenic dry phases during the last 210,000 years that were intercalated by short wet phases lasting from several hundred to a few thousand years each, as found for the northern Bahia region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C62137E3384F8D8FE47F8B1" author="Trajano" box="[242,407,1794,1820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refString="Trajano, E. (2007) The challenge of estimating the age of subterranean lineages: examples from Brazil. Acta Carsologica, 36 (1), 191 - 198." type="journal article" year="2007">Trajano 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The absence of detailed paleoclimatic records from the study site led us to assume a scenario similar to that suggested for northeastern and southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="08B076748C62137E30CFF8F0FBD4F8E9" box="[953,1028,1834,1860]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which showed wet periods with a certain synchronism (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C62137E32E2F888FDB2F8C1" author="Wang" box="[404,610,1874,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refString="Wang, X. F., Auler, A. S., Edwards, R. L., Cheng, H., Cristalli, P. S., Smart, P. L., Richards, D. A. & Shen, C. C. (2004) Wet periods in northeastern Brazil over the past 210 kyr linked to distant climate anomalies. Nature, 432, 740 - 743." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E3297F888FDCCF8C6" box="[481,540,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C62137E3118F888FCE1F8C1" author="Cruz" box="[622,817,1874,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" refString="Cruz, F. W. Jr., Burns, S. J., Karmann, I., Sharp, W. D., Vuille, M., Cardoso, A. O., Ferrari, J. A., Dias, P. L. S. & Viana, O. Jr. (2005) Insolation-driven changes in atmospheric circulation over the past 116,000 years in subtropical Brazil. Nature, 434, 63 - 66." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Cruz
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E31C6F888FD3BF8C6" box="[688,747,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C62137E304BF888FBDBF8C1" author="Wang" box="[829,1035,1874,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refString="Wang, X. F., Edwards, R. L., Auler, A. S., Cheng, H. & Ito, E. (2007) Millennial-scale interhemispheric asymmetry of low latitude precipitation: speleothem evidence and possible high-latitude forcing. In: Schmittner, A., Chiang, J. & Hemmings, S. (Eds), Ocean Circulation: Mechanisms and Impacts. AGU Monograph Series, Volume 173, pp. 279 - 294." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E30FFF888FC14F8C6" box="[905,964,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Unfortunately, studies on phylogenetic relationships among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C62137E3290F8A0FDB7F839" box="[486,615,1914,1940]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pachylinae">Pachylinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and even Laniatores families are just beginning. Phylogenetic molecular analyses focusing on species closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C62137E3032F878FC0DF816" box="[836,989,1954,1979]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="5" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C62137E3032F878FC0DF816" box="[836,989,1954,1979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="55">Iandumoema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also not available, thus making it impossible to correlate isolation and speciation to a dated geological or paleoclimatic event.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="24D8666C8C61137D33E1F8F6FC9BF8EE" box="[151,843,1836,1860]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181611/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[214,1367,216,1785]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C61137D33E1F8F6FC9BF8EE" blockId="6.[151,843,1836,1860]" box="[151,843,1836,1860]" pageId="6" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C61137D33E1F8F6FEC9F8E9" bold="true" box="[151,281,1836,1860]" pageId="6" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Known records for troglobitic harvestmen in Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="701836E48C61137C33B3F8ACFE5AFB8F" blockId="6.[151,1436,1910,2017]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,1058]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="6" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C61137D33B3F8ACFCECF83D" bold="true" box="[197,828,1910,1936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="56">Notes on the distribution of Brazilian cave species:</emphasis>
|
||
About 800 harvestmen species in 13 families occur in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="08B076748C61137D33C3F845FF2DF814" box="[181,253,1951,1977]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="56">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C61137D327DF845FE41F814" author="Kury" box="[267,401,1951,1977]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" refString="Kury, A. B. (2003) Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, vol. esp. monografico n o 1, 5 - 337." type="journal article" year="2003">Kury 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Among them, 30 species in five families (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C61137D30FBF845FB84F814" box="[909,1108,1951,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="6" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sclerosomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C61137D3716F845FB2FF814" box="[1120,1279,1951,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="6" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Escadabiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C61137D367FF845FA48F814" box="[1289,1432,1951,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Cosmetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="6" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cosmetidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C61137D33E1F81DFEE9F84C" box="[151,313,1991,2017]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="6" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gonyleptidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C61137D320AF81DFE22F84C" box="[380,498,1991,2017]" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="6" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Stygnidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are associated to a subterranean environment. Some are found close to cave entrances and use caves only as oviposition sites and/or as diurnal shelters. These species belong to the gagrellines (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C33A9FF1AFE77FF77" box="[223,423,192,218]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sclerosomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), cosmetines (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C3139FF1AFD30FF77" box="[591,736,192,218]" class="Arachnida" family="Cosmetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cosmetidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), goniosomatines and mitobatines (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C37F5FF1AFAF8FF77" box="[1155,1320,192,218]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gonyleptidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
); they are considered to be trogloxenes (Pinto-da-Rocha 1995). Others maintain considerable populations in the interior of caves, but also occur outside. These are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C31E9FECAFC32FE84" box="[671,994,272,297]" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Verrucastygnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caliginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C31E9FECAFC32FE84" box="[671,994,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Verrucastygnus caliginosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pinto-da-Rocha, 1990) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C3663FECAFA40FE87" box="[1301,1424,272,298]" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Stygnidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), “
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C33D2FEE2FE4BFEFC" box="[164,411,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C33D2FEE2FEE2FEFC" box="[164,306,312,337]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Daguerreia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Daguerreia</taxonomicName>
|
||
” inermis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C60137C32D4FEE2FD7DFEFF" author="Soares" box="[418,685,312,338]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" refString="Soares, B. A. M. & Soares, H. E. M. (1947) Opilioes pertencentes a colecao Gert Hatschbach (Opiliones - Gonyleptidae, Phalangodidae, Phalangiidae). Papeis Avulsos do Departamento Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo, 8 (18), 209 - 230." type="journal article" year="1947">Soares & Soares, 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(the only species that cannot be placed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C3662FEE2FA4CFEFC" box="[1300,1436,312,337]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Daguerreia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C3662FEE2FA4CFEFC" box="[1300,1436,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Daguerreia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
after it was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C3288FEBAFCDBFED7" authority="Holmberg" authorityName="Holmberg" box="[510,779,352,378]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachyloides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C3288FEBAFD5DFED4" box="[510,653,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Pachyloides</emphasis>
|
||
Holmberg
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C60137C3040FEBAFC30FED7" author="Acosta" box="[822,992,352,378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" refString="Acosta, L. E. (1996) An emendation of the generic concept of Pachyloides, with the description of a new species (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae, Pachylinae). Revue suisse de Zoologie, hors series, 5 - 14. Proceedings of the XIII th International Congress of Arachnology, Geneva, 3 - 8 September 1995." type="book chapter" year="1996">Acosta (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; it is currently considered as a species of uncertain taxonomic position), and a few
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C31C6FE52FCCCFE0C" box="[688,796,392,417]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Eusarcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C31C6FE52FCCCFE0C" box="[688,796,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Eusarcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C30BAFE52FBBFFE0F" box="[972,1135,392,418]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gonyleptidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Eleven truly troglobitic harvestmen species belonging to the families
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C31B9FE6AFCBAFE67" box="[719,874,432,458]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Escadabiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C30F7FE6AFB44FE64" box="[897,1172,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Spaeleoleptes spaeleus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C60137C37D7FE6AFA8CFE67" author="Soares" box="[1185,1372,432,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" refString="Soares, H. E. M. (1966) Novos opilioes da colecao " Otto Schubart " (Opiliones: Cosmetidae, Gonyleptidae, Phalangodidae). Papeis Avulsos do Departamento Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo, 18 (11), 103 - 115." type="journal article" year="1966">H.Soares, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C33E1FE02FEE5FE5F" box="[151,309,472,498]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gonyleptidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(remaining species) have been recorded from Brazilian caves. Most troglobitic gonyleptids belong to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C3240FDDAFE66FDB7" box="[310,438,512,538]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pachylinae">Pachylinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C32B1FDDAFD83FDB4" box="[455,595,512,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Discocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C32B1FDDAFD83FDB4" box="[455,595,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Discocyrtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C31FCFDDAFD26FDB4" box="[650,758,512,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Eusarcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C31FCFDDAFD26FDB4" box="[650,758,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Eusarcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C304DFDDAFBCAFDB4" box="[827,1050,512,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Giupponia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chagasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C304DFDDAFBCAFDB4" box="[827,1050,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Giupponia chagasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C375FFDDAFB3EFDB4" box="[1065,1262,512,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Iandumoema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uai">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C375FFDDAFB3EFDB4" box="[1065,1262,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Iandumoema uai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and two undescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C3382FDF2FEA9FDEF" box="[244,377,552,578]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pachylinae">Pachylinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), others to the Tricommatinae (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C3186FDF2FCBCFDEC" box="[752,876,552,577]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Spinopilar" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C3186FDF2FCBCFDEC" box="[752,876,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Spinopilar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.) and the Pachylospeleinae (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C3793FDF2FF24FDC4" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylospeleus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strinatii">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C3793FDF2FF24FDC4" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Pachylospeleus strinatii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Almost all species live in limestone regions, except for an undescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C3705FD8AFB2FFDC4" box="[1139,1279,592,617]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Discocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42D3EAF68C60137C3705FD8AFB2FFDC4" box="[1139,1279,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Discocyrtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (Kury in press) in a sandstone cave (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C60137C3174FDA2FD99FD3F" box="[514,585,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[214,1367,216,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1384,176,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Known records for troglobitic harvestmen in Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181611/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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). Although most of the diversity of
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<taxonomicName id="B7A74D678C60137C309FFDA2FB57FD3F" box="[1001,1159,632,658]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gonyleptidae</taxonomicName>
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(more than one third of the known 800 spp.; see
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<bibRefCitation id="14364B158C60137C32B6FD7AFD92FD17" author="Kury" box="[448,578,672,698]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" refString="Kury, A. B. (2003) Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, vol. esp. monografico n o 1, 5 - 337." type="journal article" year="2003">Kury 2003</bibRefCitation>
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) was recorded from the coastal Atlantic Rain Forest, an area with some isolated limestone lenses (in southern Bahia, from São Paulo to Santa Catarina States), most of the troglobitic species occur in Central
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<collectingCountry id="08B076748C60137C32B3FD2AFDDCFCA7" box="[453,524,752,778]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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(Bambuí region, Goiás, Minas Gerais and Bahia States; see
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<figureCitation id="E89C2A618C60137C3782FD2AFAEFFCA7" box="[1268,1343,752,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[214,1367,216,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1384,176,1830]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Known records for troglobitic harvestmen in Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181611/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="57">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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). There limestone caves are very abundant and covered by the relatively hotter and drier cerrado (Brazilian savanna). Other areas with this kind of rock that is very susceptible to dissolution (and thus to form caves) are Mato Grosso (West of Cuiabá) and the northeastern Brazilian States (approximately at 6°S). The few surveys conducted there yielded no troglobitic harvestmen up to now. Brazilian troglobitic species are considered by the government as threatened and are listed in a “Red list of threatened species” (Ministério do Meio Ambiente 2003) due to their very restricted distribution (normally only one cave), low population densities and threat by limestone quarrying.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |