929 lines
142 KiB
XML
929 lines
142 KiB
XML
<document id="BEE6FC9B584FD3E32CC6A7F5ABF772C6" ID-DOI="10.12782/sd.18.1.111" ID-ISSN="2189-7301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5737077" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638224936220" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Imahara, Yukimitsu" docDate="2013" docId="DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72" docLanguage="en" docName="SpeciesDiversity.18.1.111-134.pdf" docOrigin="Species Diversity 18" docStyle="DocumentStyle:27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514.7:SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514" docStyleName="SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Dendronephthya rigida Kukth. Det. 1904" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="132" masterDocId="275CFFEBC337FFCAFFFC60518E34146F" masterDocTitle="Redescriptions of Five Species of Japanese Dendronephthya (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) Based on Type Material Collected by Döderlein in 1879 - 81" masterLastPageNumber="134" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="126" updateTime="1699432804639" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8E8DA0B85ABB3C3E3B5492CE71198F38">Redescriptions of Five Species of Japanese Dendronephthya (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) Based on Type Material Collected by Döderlein in 1879 - 81</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FAEE4AE503CF7F33F3FCD808105F3E30">Imahara, Yukimitsu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="18D557C952E203ADA3593977B265B10C">Species Diversity</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="71CD88921240C3BC785735D5BF20F7B6">
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<mods:date id="56A12573A7F5820625E2A7367FEE74B4">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="24EA81DCA7C67A9276A606F93E6F3D7A">2013-05-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="96E8F0BC0D470B79C7A0F6451DD39030">18</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E3F9658ADC5A6CA56903E36D2B799045" type="DOI">10.12782/sd.18.1.111</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D08D1CBA689E488714CA81BEE192BE93" type="ISSN">2189-7301</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="1BD6650EC338FFC5FC5E67308AD213D4" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="53733685C338FFC5FC5E67308B1E1315" blockId="15.[930,1322,1889,1914]" box="[930,1322,1889,1914]" pageId="15" pageNumber="126">
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<heading id="083B81E9C338FFC5FC5E67308B1E1315" box="[930,1322,1889,1914]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C338FFC5FC5E67308B1E1315" ID-CoL="34QWX" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[930,1322,1889,1914]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
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<emphasis id="61B8EA97C338FFC5FC5E67308AA31316" bold="true" box="[930,1175,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="126">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
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(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C338FFC5FB5F67338B171315" author="Studer, T." box="[1187,1315,1890,1914]" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C338FFC5FC5567D28AD213D4" blockId="15.[937,1316,1922,1979]" pageId="15" pageNumber="126">
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[New Japanese name: Iga-togetosaka] (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C338FFC5FC1167F28A6913D4" box="[1005,1117,1955,1979]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStartId-0="16.[156,187,1037,1059]" captionStartId-1="17.[156,187,834,856]" captionStartId-2="18.[156,187,944,966]" captionStartId-3="18.[156,187,1751,1773]" captionStartId-4="19.[156,187,754,776]" captionTargetBox-0="[334,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetBox-1="[378,1209,204,812]" captionTargetBox-2="[369,1219,207,904]" captionTargetBox-3="[301,1253,1083,1729]" captionTargetBox-4="[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetId-0="figure-518@16.[356,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetId-1="figure-710@17.[384,1209,204,812]" captionTargetId-2="figure-126@18.[393,1219,216,894]" captionTargetId-3="figure-216@18.[321,1252,1084,1729]" captionTargetId-4="figure-240@19.[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionTargetPageId-4="19" captionText-0="Fig. 18. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, B, Polyps showing anthocodial armature; C, tentacle sclerites; D, point spindles, E, intermediate spindles; F, detail of uppermost part of a point spindle, G, uppermost part of a supporting bundle spindle. Scales: 0.10mm." captionText-1="Fig. 19. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of branches; B, detail of upper part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, flattened rods from interior of branches; E, flattened radiates from interior of branches. Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–E)." captionText-2="Fig. 20. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of upper part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, E, spindles from interior of upper part of stalk; F, flattened radiates from interior of upper part of stalk; G, flattened rods from interior of upper part of stalk. Scales:1.0mm (A, D); 0.10mm (B, C, E–G)." captionText-3="Fig. 21. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of lower part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, sclerites from surface layer of lower part of stalk; D, spindles from interior of lower part of stalk; E, flattened radiates from interior of lower part of stalk; F, flattened rods from interior of lower part of stalk.Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–F)." captionText-4="Fig. 22. Polyps from colonies previously, and evidently mistakenly, assigned to Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888) or D. splendens Kükenthal, 1895, showing their anthocodial armature. A, Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek’s (1960) supposed D. rigida (ZMUC), showing anthocodial armature; B, Kükenthal’s (1896) supposed D. rigida (ZSM), showing anthocodial armature; C, Nutting’s (1912) supposed D. splendens (USNM 30113), showing anthocodial armature. Scale: 0.1mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737109" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737111" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737113" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737115" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737117" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5737109/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5737111/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5737113/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5737115/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5737117/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="126">
|
||
Figs 18–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36F85042C338FFC5FBBF67F28A6913D4" box="[1091,1117,1955,1979]" degrees="22, 23" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" precision="555" value="22.23">22</geoCoordinate>
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C338FFC5FB9B67F28AA413D4" box="[1127,1168,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[156,187,1556,1578]" captionTargetBox="[330,1276,993,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-310@19.[289,1299,914,1533]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 23. Scanning electron micrographs of uppermost point spindles. A, Dendronephthya doederleini Kükenthal, 1905 (NMBE295); B, D. punicea (Studer, 1888) (NMBE303-1); C, D. flabellifera (Studer, 1888) (NMBE299); D, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) (NMBE310-1); E, D. rigida (Studer, 1888) (NMBE308). Scale:0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737119/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="126">23E</figureCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C338FFC5FB6667F28AEB13D4" box="[1178,1247,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[156,187,1736,1758]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-69@21.[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 25. Color photographs of the specimens examined. A, ZMB-6597, Dendronephthya pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); B, ZMB-6598, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); C, ZSM-20061084, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); D, NSMT-CoR-62, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Utinomi (1962); E, RMNH-2926, “D. pumilio” sensu Sherriffs (1912) and Thomson and Dean (1931); F, NMBE-308, D. rigida (Studer, 1888); G, NMBE-308, enlargement of D. rigida (Studer, 1888), showing branching mode; H, ZMB6602, D. rigida (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); I, D. rigida (Studer) sensu Kükenthal, 1905, (ZSM); J, ZMUC, D. rigida sensu Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960); K, USNM-30113, D. splendens sensu Nutting (1912)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737123/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="126">25F–K</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1BD6650EC338FFDAFCC867B58F5611BC" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="53733685C338FFC5FCC867B58AF81C72" blockId="15.[820,1433,2020,2077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="126">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="73DC11ABC338FFC5FCC867B58AF81C72" pageId="15" pageNumber="126">
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<treatmentCitation id="D26D1094C338FFC5FCC867B58AB91393" author="Studer, T." box="[820,1165,2020,2044]" page="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" year="1888">
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<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C338FFC5FCC867B58AB91393" ID-CoL="85YN8" authority="Studer, 1888: 71" authorityName="Studer" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1888" box="[820,1165,2020,2044]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Spongodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C338FFC5FCC867B58DEA1393" box="[820,990,2020,2044]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="126">Spongodes rigida</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C338FFC5FC1A67B58AB91393" author="Studer, T." box="[998,1165,2020,2044]" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888: 71</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="D26D1094C338FFC5FB6567B58D461C72" author="Wright E. P. & Studer, T." page="223" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" year="1889">
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<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C338FFC5FB6567B58D461C72" author="Wright E. P. & Studer, T." pageId="15" pageNumber="126" refId="ref17048" refString="Wright E. P. and Studer, T. 1889. Report on the Alcyonaria collected by" type="book" year="1889">Wright and Studer 1889: 223</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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[reproduced from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C338FFC5FBCF68558AF61C72" author="Studer, T." box="[1075,1218,2052,2077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="126" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer (1888)</bibRefCitation>
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].
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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||
<caption id="07B3660DC327FFDAFF60645C8EC41035" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737109" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5737109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737109/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" startId="16.[156,187,1037,1059]" targetBox="[334,1253,204,1014]" targetPageId="16">
|
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<paragraph id="53733685C327FFDAFF60645C8EC41035" blockId="16.[156,1433,1037,1114]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
|
||
Fig. 18.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFF07645C8C6E104C" ID-CoL="34QWX" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[251,602,1037,1059]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFF07645C8FF9104D" box="[251,461,1037,1058]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C327FFDAFE20645C8C61104C" author="Studer, T." box="[476,597,1037,1059]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
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)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMBE-308. A, B, Polyps showing anthocodial armature; C, tentacle sclerites; D, point spindles, E, intermediate spindles; F, detail of uppermost part of a point spindle, G, uppermost part of a supporting bundle spindle. Scales: 0.10mm.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="53733685C327FFDAFF6064C78C7810A0" blockId="16.[156,768,1174,1491]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="73DC11ABC327FFDAFF6064C78C7810A0" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
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<treatmentCitation id="D26D1094C327FFDAFF6064C78CA910C1" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[156,669,1174,1198]" page="623" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" year="1905">
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<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFF6064C78CA910C1" ID-CoL="34QWX" authority=": Kukenthal 1905: 620 - 623" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityPageNumber="620 - 623" authorityYear="1905" box="[156,669,1174,1198]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFF6064C78FB110C1" box="[156,389,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C327FFDAFE6864C78CA910C1" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[404,669,1174,1198]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal 1905: 620–623</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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; Henderson in Thomson and Stimpson 1909: 47.
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C327FFDAFF6064898C851080" blockId="16.[156,768,1174,1491]" box="[156,689,1239,1264]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="73DC11ABC327FFDAFF6064898C851080" box="[156,689,1239,1264]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
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<collectingRegion id="9108F867C327FFDAFF6064898EF71080" box="[156,195,1240,1263]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Not</collectingRegion>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D26D1094C327FFDAFF3464868CBD109F" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[200,649,1239,1264]" page="14" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" year="1912">
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<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFF3464868CBD109F" ID-CoL="866H7" authority=": Nutting 1912: 14" authorityName="Nutting" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1912" box="[200,649,1239,1264]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFF3464868FE71080" box="[200,467,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya splendens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C327FFDAFE2264868CBD109F" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[478,649,1239,1264]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref16144" refString="Nutting, C. C. 1912. Description of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Fisheries steamer " Albatross, " mainly in Japanese waters, during 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 43: 1 - 104, pls 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1912">Nutting 1912: 14</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 15.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="53733685C327FFDAFF6064A98FFF115E" blockId="16.[156,768,1174,1491]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="73DC11ABC327FFDAFF6064A98FFF115E" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
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<collectingRegion id="9108F867C327FFDAFF6064A98EF71160" box="[156,195,1272,1295]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Not</collectingRegion>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D26D1094C327FFDAFF3264A88F39115F" author="Tixier-Durivault, A. & Prevorsek, M." page="263" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" year="1960">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFF3264A88F39115F" ID-CoL="85XXT" authority=": Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek 1960: 259 - 263" authorityName="Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek" authorityPageNumber="259 - 263" authorityYear="1960" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Roxasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFF3264A88F57117F" box="[206,355,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Roxasia rigida</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C327FFDAFE8864A98F39115F" author="Tixier-Durivault, A. & Prevorsek, M." pageId="16" pageNumber="127" pagination="1 - 296" refId="ref16794" refString="Tixier-Durivault, A. and Prevorsek, M. 1960. Le genre Roxasia (Alcyonaria, Nephtheidae). Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis 18: 1 - 296, text-figs 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="1960">Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek 1960: 259–263</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, text-figs 228–230.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C327FFDAFF6065688C4A11FD" blockId="16.[156,768,1174,1491]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="73DC11ABC327FFDAFF6065688C4A11FD" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
|
||
?
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D26D1094C327FFDAFF4E65688C80113E" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[178,692,1337,1361]" page="435" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" year="1895">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFF4E65688C80113E" authority="Kukenthal 1895: 434 - 435" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityPageNumber="434 - 435" authorityYear="1895" box="[178,692,1337,1361]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Spongodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFF4E65688FBD113E" box="[178,393,1337,1361]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Spongodes splendens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C327FFDAFE6665688C80113E" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[410,692,1337,1361]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" pagination="426 - 436" refId="ref15966" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1895. 4. Alcyonaceen von Ternate. Fam. Nephthyidae Verrill. Zoologischer Anzeiger 18 (448): 426 - 436." type="journal article" year="1895">Kükenthal 1895: 434–435</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D26D1094C327FFDAFD3565688F39111E" author="Kukenthal, W." page="104" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" year="1896">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C327FFDAFD3565688F39111E" author="Kukenthal, W." pageId="16" pageNumber="127" pagination="81 - 144" refId="ref15994" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1896. Alcyonaceen von Ternate. Nephthyidae Verrill und Siphonogorgiidae Kolliker. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 23 (1): 81 - 144, pls 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1896">1896: 104–106</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 6, figs 12, 13;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D26D1094C327FFDAFE4365088F3911FD" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." page="283" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" year="1905">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C327FFDAFE4365088F3911FD" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." pageId="16" pageNumber="127" pagination="269 - 328" refId="ref16488" refString="Thomson, J. A. and Henderson, W. D. 1905. Report on the Alcyonaria collected by Professor Herdman at Ceylon in 1902. Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, with Supplementary Reports upon the Marine Biology of Ceylon by Other Naturalists 3 (20): 269 - 328, pls 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1905">Thomson and Henderson 1905: 283–284</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 1, fig. 2;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D26D1094C327FFDAFE76652B8C4D11FD" author="Hickson, S. J." box="[394,633,1402,1426]" page="485" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" year="1903">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C327FFDAFE76652B8C4D11FD" author="Hickson, S. J." box="[394,633,1402,1426]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" pagination="473 - 502" refId="ref15772" refString="Hickson, S. J. 1903. The Alcyonaria of the Maldives part I. The genera Xenia, Telesto, Spongodes, Nephthya, Paraspongodes, Chironephthya, Siphonogoriga, Solenocaulon, and Melitodes. Pp. 473 - 502, pls 2 - 34. In: Gardiner, J. S. (Ed.) The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes, Vol. 2, Part 1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge." type="book chapter" year="1903">Hickson 1903: 485–486</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C327FFDAFF6065CA8F5611BC" blockId="16.[156,768,1174,1491]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFF4E65CA8C2A11DC" ID-CoL="34QWX" authority=": Henderson" authorityName="Henderson" box="[178,542,1435,1459]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFF4E65CA8FA911DC" box="[178,413,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
: Henderson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Thomson and Stimpson 1909: 47.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BD6650EC327FFDAFF4965AD8A871080" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C327FFDAFF4965AD8A871080" blockId="16.[156,768,1532,2077]" lastBlockId="16.[820,1433,1174,2077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFF4965AD8FB7127B" bold="true" box="[181,387,1532,1556]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C327FFDAFE5E65AD8FF212D8" location="Nr" municipality="Klasse" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" specimenCount="1">
|
||
NMBE-308, one colony, missing part of its sterile stalk and probably one main branch; label #1, “
|
||
<location id="5613605EC327FFDAFF30666C8EDC123A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72:5613605EC327FFDAFF30666C8EDC123A" box="[204,232,1597,1621]" municipality="Klasse" name="Nr" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Nr</location>
|
||
/ 308,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B317ACFFC327FFDAFECB666C8F43123A" box="[311,375,1597,1621]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Klasse</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFE7D666C8C29123A" authority=", Art." authorityName="Art." box="[385,541,1597,1621]" class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="class">Anthozoa, Art.</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFDDA666C8F7F1219" authority="Stud. Loc. Cc" authorityName="Stud. Loc. Cc" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFDDA666C8E811219" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
Stud. Loc. Cc
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFEA8660E8F561219" box="[340,354,1631,1654]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">α</emphasis>
|
||
2; Alkohol”; label #2, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFDA5660F8FE912F9" authority="(Stud.) Kukth. Det. 1904" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFDA5660F8EE312F9" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(Stud.) Kükth. Det. 1904
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”; label #3, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFDA5662F8F0D12D8" authority="Stud., Cc" authorityName="Stud., Cc" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFDA5662F8EE312D8" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
Stud., Cc
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFEC366F18F7912D8" box="[319,333,1696,1719]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">α</emphasis>
|
||
2, Alkohol”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C327FFDAFE3266CE8C2D1377" country="Japan" determinerName="Doderlein S & Studer" location="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" specimenCount="1">
|
||
A fragment of ZMB-6602, approximately half a colony; label #1, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFDEB66EE8F041297" authority="(Stud.) (Bern)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Stud." baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFDEB66EE8CCB12B8" box="[535,767,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(Stud.) (Bern)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<determinerName id="A6AFDA41C327FFDAFEC066B18F891297" box="[316,445,1760,1784]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Döderlein S</determinerName>
|
||
,
|
||
<determinerName id="A6AFDA41C327FFDAFE3066B18C3A1297" box="[460,526,1760,1784]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Studer</determinerName>
|
||
det.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BDB7615C327FFDAFDB066B18CB31298" box="[588,647,1760,1783]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Kükenthal rw. 1904,
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C778827C327FFDAFEF567508F021376" box="[265,310,1793,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFEC267518F7F1377" bold="true" box="[318,331,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">*</emphasis>
|
||
)”; label #2, “6602”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. A fragment of
|
||
<collectionCode id="35DDAE40C327FFDAFD3267508D341376" box="[718,768,1793,1817]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
s.n., a complete small colony; label, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFDEB67708ED71336" authority="(Stud.)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFDEB67708CCB1356" box="[535,767,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(Stud.)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BDB7615C327FFDAFF0C67108F041336" box="[240,304,1857,1881]" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="FE395353C327FFDAFE9667108FDF1336" box="[362,491,1857,1881]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Bougainville</collectorName>
|
||
, samml. Kölliker”. A fragment of
|
||
<collectionCode id="35DDAE40C327FFDAFF0367338F7E1315" box="[255,330,1890,1914]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
, s.n.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C327FFDAFE6D67338C4313B3" collectingDate="1914-06-11" collectorName="Th. Mortensen" country="Japan" determinerName="Det. Tixier-Durivault" elevation="113" location="Loc. Okinose Sagami Bugt." municipality="Hard" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" specimenCount="1">
|
||
an almost complete small colony; label, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFF1867D28FE013F5" authority="(Studer)" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[228,468,1922,1946]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Roxasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFF1867D28F4213F5" box="[228,374,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Roxasia rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(Studer)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5613605EC327FFDAFE1C67D28CC813F4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72:5613605EC327FFDAFE1C67D28CC813F4" box="[480,764,1922,1947]" country="Japan" municipality="Hard" name="Loc. Okinose Sagami Bugt." pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Loc. Okinose Sagami Bugt.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B317ACFFC327FFDAFF6067F28EE413D4" box="[156,208,1955,1979]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Hård</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
bund svaber,
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFE9367F28F8213D4" box="[367,438,1955,1979]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="m" value="113.0">
|
||
<elevation id="D8E1D1B6C327FFDAFE9367F28F8213D4" box="[367,438,1955,1979]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="m" value="113.0">113 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, Datum:
|
||
<date id="27721045C327FFDAFDDC67F28CBD13D4" box="[544,649,1955,1979]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" value="1914-06-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3736E9ADC327FFDAFDDC67F28CBD13D4" box="[544,649,1955,1979]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" value="1914-06-11">11-6-1914</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, Legit:
|
||
<collectorName id="FE395353C327FFDAFD2267F28F3813B4" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Th. Mortensen</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<determinerName id="A6AFDA41C327FFDAFEE767958FC813B3" box="[283,508,1988,2012]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Det. Tixier-Durivault</determinerName>
|
||
, Prevorsek”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C327FFDAFD7967958A9B1080" collectingDate="1906-08-09" collectingDateMax="1958-02" collectingDateMin="1906-08-09" collectorName="C. C. Nutting. Id. Acc." country="Japan" location="Eastern Sea Str. Albatross" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" specimenCount="1">
|
||
A fragment of USNM-30113, a complete small colony; label #1, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C327FFDAFD3167B48C641C72" authority="Kuk, Off Goto Ids." authorityName="Kuk, Off Goto Ids." class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFD3167B48FB41C72" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Dendronephthya splendens</emphasis>
|
||
Kük, Off Goto Ids.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5613605EC327FFDAFDA068548DA210C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72:5613605EC327FFDAFDA068548DA210C1" box="[604,918,1174,2077]" country="Japan" name="Eastern Sea Str. Albatross" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Eastern Sea Str. Albatross</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="27721045C327FFDAFC5D64C78A1710C1" box="[929,1059,1174,1198]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" value="1906-08-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3736E9ADC327FFDAFC5D64C78A1710C1" box="[929,1059,1174,1198]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" value="1906-08-09">Aug. 9, 1906</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="FE395353C327FFDAFBD164C78B2610C1" box="[1069,1298,1174,1198]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">C. C. Nutting. Id. Acc.</collectorName>
|
||
51381, 4893, 106 Fms”; label #2, “St. 4893, Cat. No. 30113, ALBATROSS”; label #3, “Lent to Utinomi,
|
||
<date id="27721045C327FFDAFBBB64868A931080" box="[1095,1191,1239,1263]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" value="1958-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3736E9ADC327FFDAFBBB64868A931080" box="[1095,1191,1239,1263]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" value="1958-02">Feb. 1958</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BD6650EC327FFDBFCB264A98DF51356" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C327FFDAFCB264A98A2013B4" blockId="16.[820,1433,1174,2077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFCB264A98A41117F" bold="true" box="[846,1141,1272,1296]" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Description of NMBE-308</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFB6864A98B14117F" box="[1172,1312,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Colony form.</emphasis>
|
||
The colony is extremely contracted, about
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFB5B65498AD8115F" box="[1191,1260,1304,1328]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 mm</quantity>
|
||
in total height, with a quite rigid polyparium and a short, thick, leathery sterile stalk representing about one-fourth of the total height (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C327FFDAFC7A652B8DD411FD" box="[902,992,1402,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[156,187,1736,1758]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-69@21.[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 25. Color photographs of the specimens examined. A, ZMB-6597, Dendronephthya pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); B, ZMB-6598, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); C, ZSM-20061084, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); D, NSMT-CoR-62, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Utinomi (1962); E, RMNH-2926, “D. pumilio” sensu Sherriffs (1912) and Thomson and Dean (1931); F, NMBE-308, D. rigida (Studer, 1888); G, NMBE-308, enlargement of D. rigida (Studer, 1888), showing branching mode; H, ZMB6602, D. rigida (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); I, D. rigida (Studer) sensu Kükenthal, 1905, (ZSM); J, ZMUC, D. rigida sensu Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960); K, USNM-30113, D. splendens sensu Nutting (1912)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737123/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Fig. 25F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyparium is slightly laterally flattened with a regularly oblong oval outline,
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFB0B65CB8B5511DD" box="[1271,1377,1434,1458]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="26.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="25.0">25–27 mm</quantity>
|
||
high and 25×
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFC6E65EA8DE211BD" box="[914,982,1467,1491]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="37.0">37 mm</quantity>
|
||
across, and formed by several inseparable roundish bunches of polyp masses, all externally covered with many polyps. The sterile stalk passes into the short, stiff stem, which after about
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFB9D664C8AAE125B" box="[1121,1178,1565,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
divides in all directions into several short, thick main branches of
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFB23666C8B04123A" box="[1247,1328,1597,1621]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length. These main branches are markedly clavate and ramify into short, diverging secondary branches at their distal ends, which then give off many short twigs. The undermost several branches are reflexed and foliaceous, giving off many densely set twigs on their upper surface and periphery, thus concealing almost the entire upper half of the sterile stalk. All polyps are arranged in groups of 3–5 at the distal ends of twigs, including those on the undermost foliaceous branches. The sterile stalk is
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFBEE67338A571316" box="[1042,1123,1890,1914]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and 25.2×
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFAF667338B541316" box="[1290,1376,1890,1914]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.72" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="37.2">37.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide in its uppermost part, but it is missing almost the lateral two-thirds of its lower part. The broad holdfast is
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFAC567F28BA313D5" box="[1337,1431,1955,1979]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="4.0">4–10mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFC6E67928DE313B4" box="[914,983,1987,2011]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C327FFDBFCB267B58F72127B" blockId="16.[820,1433,1174,2077]" lastBlockId="17.[156,768,979,2077]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C327FFDAFCB267B58DA01393" box="[846,916,2020,2044]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="127">Polyps.</emphasis>
|
||
The anthocodiae are up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C327FFDAFB4D67B58AC81394" box="[1201,1276,2020,2044]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
high and wide and make right or obtuse angles with their short (up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFF6063828EDC1784" box="[156,232,979,1003]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) stalks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFEC063828F851784" box="[316,433,979,1003]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[156,187,1037,1059]" captionTargetBox="[334,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-518@16.[356,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 18. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, B, Polyps showing anthocodial armature; C, tentacle sclerites; D, point spindles, E, intermediate spindles; F, detail of uppermost part of a point spindle, G, uppermost part of a supporting bundle spindle. Scales: 0.10mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 18A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The anthocodial armature consists of eight double rows of points and intermediate sclerites, but no crown or supplementary sclerites. As for the lateral armature, below the tentacle base are three to five pairs of point spindles arranged
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C326FFDBFE5364078C281002" box="[431,540,1109,1133]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">en chevron</emphasis>
|
||
. The uppermost spindle, which is strongly bent in its lower part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFD9864278C8A10E1" box="[612,702,1142,1166]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[156,187,1037,1059]" captionTargetBox="[334,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-518@16.[356,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 18. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, B, Polyps showing anthocodial armature; C, tentacle sclerites; D, point spindles, E, intermediate spindles; F, detail of uppermost part of a point spindle, G, uppermost part of a supporting bundle spindle. Scales: 0.10mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFD3664278CC010E1" box="[714,756,1142,1166]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[156,187,1556,1578]" captionTargetBox="[330,1276,993,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-310@19.[289,1299,914,1533]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 23. Scanning electron micrographs of uppermost point spindles. A, Dendronephthya doederleini Kükenthal, 1905 (NMBE295); B, D. punicea (Studer, 1888) (NMBE303-1); C, D. flabellifera (Studer, 1888) (NMBE299); D, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) (NMBE310-1); E, D. rigida (Studer, 1888) (NMBE308). Scale:0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737119/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">23E</figureCitation>
|
||
), is extremely large, up to 1.00 mm long, and projects about
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFF6064E68EC610A1" box="[156,242,1207,1231]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.60 mm</quantity>
|
||
above the polyp head. The projecting part has several small teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFEB164868F90109F" box="[333,420,1239,1264]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[156,187,1037,1059]" captionTargetBox="[334,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-518@16.[356,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 18. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, B, Polyps showing anthocodial armature; C, tentacle sclerites; D, point spindles, E, intermediate spindles; F, detail of uppermost part of a point spindle, G, uppermost part of a supporting bundle spindle. Scales: 0.10mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 18F</figureCitation>
|
||
) whereas the remaining part has many small but rather complex warts. The lower spindles are more or less bent and up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFE2365488C01115F" box="[479,565,1305,1329]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.32">0.32 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. There are one to two small, thick spindles flanking the points (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFD6565688CC0113E" box="[665,756,1337,1361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[156,187,1037,1059]" captionTargetBox="[334,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-518@16.[356,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 18. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, B, Polyps showing anthocodial armature; C, tentacle sclerites; D, point spindles, E, intermediate spindles; F, detail of uppermost part of a point spindle, G, uppermost part of a supporting bundle spindle. Scales: 0.10mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The supporting bundle is very strong, consisting of two to three large, elongated spindles up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFDD8652B8C4F11FD" box="[548,635,1402,1426]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.90 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, which are sometimes branched apically. One or two of these spindles project beyond the anthocodia for a distance of up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFF60658D8EC0119C" box="[156,244,1500,1524]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.60 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and the projecting part bears quite a few simple warts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFF1C65AD8F0F127B" box="[224,315,1532,1556]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[156,187,1037,1059]" captionTargetBox="[334,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-518@16.[356,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 18. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, B, Polyps showing anthocodial armature; C, tentacle sclerites; D, point spindles, E, intermediate spindles; F, detail of uppermost part of a point spindle, G, uppermost part of a supporting bundle spindle. Scales: 0.10mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 18G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="07B3660DC326FFDBFF6063138C0D17FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737111" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5737111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737111/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" startId="17.[156,187,834,856]" targetBox="[378,1209,204,812]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C326FFDBFF6063138C0D17FE" blockId="17.[156,1432,834,913]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">
|
||
Fig. 19.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C326FFDBFF0763138C6C1736" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[251,600,834,857]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C326FFDBFF0763138FF81738" box="[251,460,834,855]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C326FFDBFE2763138C671736" author="Studer, T." box="[475,595,834,857]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of branches; B, detail of upper part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, flattened rods from interior of branches; E, flattened radiates from interior of branches. Scales: 1.0 mm (A); 0.10mm (B–E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C326FFDBFF49664C8C8F123A" blockId="17.[156,768,979,2077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">The anthocodial grade and formula are as follows: IV=1P+(2−4)p+0Cr+very strong S.B.+(1/2−1)M.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C326FFDBFF49660F8FB112B8" blockId="17.[156,768,979,2077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">
|
||
The tentacles are filled with
|
||
<specimenCount id="45CAFD0CC326FFDBFE29660F8C031219" box="[469,567,1630,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
of minute sclerites, including a few somewhat flattened rods up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFD8A662F8CF812F9" box="[630,716,1662,1686]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and numerous flat sclerites, up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFDFC66CE8C6312D9" box="[512,599,1695,1719]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with scalloped edges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFEE366EE8F4D12B8" box="[287,377,1727,1751]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[156,187,1037,1059]" captionTargetBox="[334,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-518@16.[356,1253,204,1014]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 18. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, B, Polyps showing anthocodial armature; C, tentacle sclerites; D, point spindles, E, intermediate spindles; F, detail of uppermost part of a point spindle, G, uppermost part of a supporting bundle spindle. Scales: 0.10mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C326FFDBFF4966B18ACB125A" blockId="17.[156,768,979,2077]" lastBlockId="17.[820,1433,979,2076]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C326FFDBFF4966B18F7D1297" box="[181,329,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Other sclerites.</emphasis>
|
||
The surface layer of the branches and stem has
|
||
<specimenCount id="45CAFD0CC326FFDBFF3B67508F181376" box="[199,300,1793,1817]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
of spindles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFE4467518C221377" box="[440,534,1792,1816]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[156,187,834,856]" captionTargetBox="[378,1209,204,812]" captionTargetId="figure-710@17.[384,1209,204,812]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 19. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of branches; B, detail of upper part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, flattened rods from interior of branches; E, flattened radiates from interior of branches. Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737111/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
), including large ones up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFF2667708F051357" box="[218,305,1825,1849]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
long that are arranged almost longitudinally and covered with complex small warts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFDCE67108C931335" box="[562,679,1857,1882]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[156,187,834,856]" captionTargetBox="[378,1209,204,812]" captionTargetId="figure-710@17.[384,1209,204,812]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 19. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of branches; B, detail of upper part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, flattened rods from interior of branches; E, flattened radiates from interior of branches. Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737111/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 19B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), as well as small, slender spindles or needles about
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFD9767338CF61316" box="[619,706,1890,1914]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.52">0.52 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, which are sparsely provided with spines or simple warts. The surface layer of the upper part of the sterile stalk has thick spindles that are sometimes branched and curved and up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFF4467B58F3A1393" box="[184,270,2020,2044]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="1.65">1.65 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFEAE67B58F9A1393" box="[338,430,2020,2044]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,944,966]" captionTargetBox="[369,1219,207,904]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[393,1219,216,894]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 20. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of upper part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, E, spindles from interior of upper part of stalk; F, flattened radiates from interior of upper part of stalk; G, flattened rods from interior of upper part of stalk. Scales:1.0mm (A, D); 0.10mm (B, C, E–G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737113/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 20A</figureCitation>
|
||
), with large, complex warts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFD2467B58ED31C72" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,944,966]" captionTargetBox="[369,1219,207,904]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[393,1219,216,894]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 20. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of upper part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, E, spindles from interior of upper part of stalk; F, flattened radiates from interior of upper part of stalk; G, flattened rods from interior of upper part of stalk. Scales:1.0mm (A, D); 0.10mm (B, C, E–G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737113/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 20B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The surface layer of the lower part of the sterile stalk and holdfast has the same sort of thick spindles, up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFCC863A58DBF1064" box="[820,907,1012,1036]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.42" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="2.42">2.42 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFC3263A28A1E1063" box="[974,1066,1011,1036]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,1751,1773]" captionTargetBox="[301,1253,1083,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-216@18.[321,1252,1084,1729]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 21. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of lower part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, sclerites from surface layer of lower part of stalk; D, spindles from interior of lower part of stalk; E, flattened radiates from interior of lower part of stalk; F, flattened rods from interior of lower part of stalk.Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737115/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 21A</figureCitation>
|
||
), as well as numerous club-like and knee-shaped spindles that are up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFB5D64458ACC1043" box="[1185,1272,1044,1068]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.55">0.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFAC464458BA51043" box="[1336,1425,1044,1068]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,1751,1773]" captionTargetBox="[301,1253,1083,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-216@18.[321,1252,1084,1729]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 21. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of lower part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, sclerites from surface layer of lower part of stalk; D, spindles from interior of lower part of stalk; E, flattened radiates from interior of lower part of stalk; F, flattened rods from interior of lower part of stalk.Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737115/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 21C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and, like the above thick spindles, are covered with large, complex warts. In the branch interior are a few small, flattened rods up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFC1464278A0A10E2" box="[1000,1086,1142,1166]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFB7E64278AEA10E1" box="[1154,1246,1142,1166]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[156,187,834,856]" captionTargetBox="[378,1209,204,812]" captionTargetId="figure-710@17.[384,1209,204,812]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 19. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of branches; B, detail of upper part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, flattened rods from interior of branches; E, flattened radiates from interior of branches. Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737111/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 19D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and flattened radiates up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFC4864C78A3E10C1" box="[948,1034,1174,1198]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFBB164C78A9110C1" box="[1101,1189,1174,1198]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[156,187,834,856]" captionTargetBox="[378,1209,204,812]" captionTargetId="figure-710@17.[384,1209,204,812]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 19. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of branches; B, detail of upper part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, flattened rods from interior of branches; E, flattened radiates from interior of branches. Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737111/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 19E</figureCitation>
|
||
), the latter usually with long rays. In the interior of the stem and the upper part of the sterile stalk, the canal walls contain many thick, curved spindles up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFC3364A98A111160" box="[975,1061,1272,1296]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFB9664A98AD6117F" box="[1130,1250,1272,1296]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,944,966]" captionTargetBox="[369,1219,207,904]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[393,1219,216,894]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 20. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of upper part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, E, spindles from interior of upper part of stalk; F, flattened radiates from interior of upper part of stalk; G, flattened rods from interior of upper part of stalk. Scales:1.0mm (A, D); 0.10mm (B, C, E–G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737113/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 20D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
) that are covered with many complex warts, as well as flattened radiates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFA8C65498D68113E" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,944,966]" captionTargetBox="[369,1219,207,904]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[393,1219,216,894]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 20. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of upper part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, E, spindles from interior of upper part of stalk; F, flattened radiates from interior of upper part of stalk; G, flattened rods from interior of upper part of stalk. Scales:1.0mm (A, D); 0.10mm (B, C, E–G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737113/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 20F</figureCitation>
|
||
) like those of the branch interior. In addition, there are flattened radiates and flattened rods, both up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFABD65088BA3111E" box="[1345,1431,1369,1393]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.13">0.13 mm</quantity>
|
||
long with scalloped edges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFBAC652B8A9A11FD" box="[1104,1198,1402,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,944,966]" captionTargetBox="[369,1219,207,904]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[393,1219,216,894]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 20. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of upper part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, E, spindles from interior of upper part of stalk; F, flattened radiates from interior of upper part of stalk; G, flattened rods from interior of upper part of stalk. Scales:1.0mm (A, D); 0.10mm (B, C, E–G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737113/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 20G</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the canal walls of the lower part of the stalk and holdfast are thick, branched spindles up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFC2965EA8A1811BD" box="[981,1068,1467,1491]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.70 mm</quantity>
|
||
long covered with many complex warts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFC81658A8DE8119B" box="[893,988,1499,1524]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,1751,1773]" captionTargetBox="[301,1253,1083,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-216@18.[321,1252,1084,1729]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 21. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of lower part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, sclerites from surface layer of lower part of stalk; D, spindles from interior of lower part of stalk; E, flattened radiates from interior of lower part of stalk; F, flattened rods from interior of lower part of stalk.Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737115/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 21D</figureCitation>
|
||
), as well as many flattened radiates up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFCC865AD8DBF127C" box="[820,907,1532,1556]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFC3765AD8A15127B" box="[971,1057,1532,1556]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,1751,1773]" captionTargetBox="[301,1253,1083,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-216@18.[321,1252,1084,1729]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 21. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of lower part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, sclerites from surface layer of lower part of stalk; D, spindles from interior of lower part of stalk; E, flattened radiates from interior of lower part of stalk; F, flattened rods from interior of lower part of stalk.Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737115/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 21E</figureCitation>
|
||
) and a few small rods up to
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C326FFDBFABD65AD8BA3127C" box="[1345,1431,1532,1556]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="0.15">0.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long with a few large, simple warts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C326FFDBFB61664D8AC7125A" box="[1181,1267,1564,1589]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,1751,1773]" captionTargetBox="[301,1253,1083,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-216@18.[321,1252,1084,1729]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 21. Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888), NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of lower part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, sclerites from surface layer of lower part of stalk; D, spindles from interior of lower part of stalk; E, flattened radiates from interior of lower part of stalk; F, flattened rods from interior of lower part of stalk.Scales: 1.0mm (A); 0.10mm (B–F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737115/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Fig. 21F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C326FFDBFCB2666C8DF51356" blockId="17.[820,1433,979,2076]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C326FFDBFCB2666C8DBE123A" box="[846,906,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Color.</emphasis>
|
||
In alcohol, the deep red sclerites lend their color to the supporting bundles, twigs, secondary branches, and upper parts of the main branches. The anthocodiae and tentacles are yellowish-white, and their sclerites are colorless. As a result, the polyparium looks red to purplish-red with pale yellow polyps. The sterile stalk, stem, and the bulk of the main branches are white to dirty white, and the holdfast is partly pink.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BD6650EC326FFDFFCB267108D951C72" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C326FFDBFCB267108BAC1C73" blockId="17.[820,1433,979,2076]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C326FFDBFCB267108D9F1336" bold="true" box="[846,939,1857,1881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C326FFDBFC3667108A9C1336" author="Studer, T." box="[970,1192,1857,1881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer’s (1888: 71)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
original description was clearly based on just one colony,
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C326FFDBFB3D67338AEA1316" box="[1217,1246,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">i.e.</emphasis>
|
||
, “The colony is a loosely ramified, shortly pediculate, head-like mass of rigid consistence .... Height of the colony 33 millim., diameter 35 millim.”, and only a single colony was found in the Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9108F867C326FFDBFADD67B58B611394" box="[1313,1365,2020,2043]" country="Switzerland" name="Bern" pageId="17" pageNumber="128">Bern</collectingRegion>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C326FFDBFC9168558A551C73" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[877,1121,2052,2076]" pageId="17" pageNumber="128" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal’s (1905: 620)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescription mentioned two
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="07B3660DC325FFD8FF6063E18B7B1791" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737113" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5737113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737113/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" startId="18.[156,187,944,966]" targetBox="[369,1219,207,904]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C325FFD8FF6063E18B7B1791" blockId="18.[156,1432,873,1022]" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Fig. 20.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C325FFD8FF0763E18C6117A9" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[251,597,944,966]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C325FFD8FF0763E18FFF17AA" box="[251,459,944,965]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C325FFD8FE2563E18C6417A9" author="Studer, T." box="[473,592,944,966]" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of upper part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, detail of lowermost part of such a spindle; D, E, spindles from interior of upper part of stalk; F, flattened radiates from interior of upper part of stalk; G, flattened rods from interior of upper part of stalk. Scales: 1.0 mm (A, D); 0.10 mm (B, C, E–G).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C325FFD8FB1965248B3311E6" box="[1253,1287,1397,1417]" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">E,F</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="07B3660DC325FFD8FF6066868AC7134A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737115" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5737115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737115/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" startId="18.[156,187,1751,1773]" targetBox="[301,1253,1083,1729]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C325FFD8FF6066868AC7134A" blockId="18.[156,1432,1751,1829]" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Fig. 21.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C325FFD8FF0766868C7B1282" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[251,591,1751,1773]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C325FFD8FF0766868FFD1283" box="[251,457,1751,1772]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C325FFD8FE2866868C7D1282" author="Studer, T." box="[468,585,1751,1773]" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NMBE-308. A, Spindles from surface layer of lower part of stalk; B, detail of uppermost part of such a spindle; C, sclerites from surface layer of lower part of stalk; D, spindles from interior of lower part of stalk; E, flattened radiates from interior of lower part of stalk; F, flattened rods from interior of lower part of stalk. Scales: 1.0 mm (A); 0.10 mm (B–F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C325FFD9FF6067338C291336" blockId="18.[156,767,1890,2077]" lastBlockId="19.[156,767,1695,2077]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C325FFD8FF6067338C1A13B3" location="Originalexemplaren" municipality="Nachuntersuchung" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1">
|
||
specimens: “Diese Form, welche von Studer als neue Art aufgestellt und kurz, besonders inbezug auf ihren Aufbau, beschrieben worden ist, lag mir in den beiden
|
||
<location id="5613605EC325FFD8FD7667F28ECF13B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72:5613605EC325FFD8FD7667F28ECF13B3" municipality="Nachuntersuchung" name="Originalexemplaren" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">Originalexemplaren</location>
|
||
zur
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B317ACFFC325FFD8FECA67958FC313B3" box="[310,503,1988,2012]" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">Nachuntersuchung</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
vor”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C325FFD8FDC167958F531C72" collectorName="The" location="Zoologisches Museum of Berlin" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectorName id="FE395353C325FFD8FDC167958C5713B3" box="[573,611,1988,2012]" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">The</collectorName>
|
||
second specimen seems to be the one in the
|
||
<location id="5613605EC325FFD8FE0567B58EEF1C72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72:5613605EC325FFD8FE0567B58EEF1C72" name="Zoologisches Museum of Berlin" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">Zoologisches Museum of Berlin</location>
|
||
(ZMB-6602)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C325FFD8FE8F68548B5D13F5" collectorName="Consisting" location="Bern" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectorName id="FE395353C325FFD8FE8F68548FD41C72" box="[371,480,2053,2077]" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">Consisting</collectorName>
|
||
of almost half of a colony, it is
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C325FFD8FC9D67338D911315" box="[865,933,1890,1914]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
|
||
in total height and 21×
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C325FFD8FB5C67338AD01315" box="[1184,1252,1890,1914]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="18" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="24.0">24 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C325FFD8FA8C67338D5713F5" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[156,187,1736,1758]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-69@21.[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 25. Color photographs of the specimens examined. A, ZMB-6597, Dendronephthya pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); B, ZMB-6598, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); C, ZSM-20061084, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); D, NSMT-CoR-62, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Utinomi (1962); E, RMNH-2926, “D. pumilio” sensu Sherriffs (1912) and Thomson and Dean (1931); F, NMBE-308, D. rigida (Studer, 1888); G, NMBE-308, enlargement of D. rigida (Studer, 1888), showing branching mode; H, ZMB6602, D. rigida (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); I, D. rigida (Studer) sensu Kükenthal, 1905, (ZSM); J, ZMUC, D. rigida sensu Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960); K, USNM-30113, D. splendens sensu Nutting (1912)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737123/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">Fig. 25H</figureCitation>
|
||
), thus slightly smaller than the specimen in
|
||
<location id="5613605EC325FFD8FAC967D28B5D13F5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72:5613605EC325FFD8FAC967D28B5D13F5" box="[1333,1385,1923,1946]" name="Bern" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">Bern</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Because both specimens have a sterile stalk, they must be distinct colonies and not separated pieces of one original colony. Because both colonies agree in such features as the anthocodial formula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C325FFD8FBBC68548AA91C72" box="[1088,1181,2053,2077]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[156,187,754,776]" captionTargetBox="[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetId="figure-240@19.[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 22. Polyps from colonies previously, and evidently mistakenly, assigned to Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888) or D. splendens Kükenthal, 1895, showing their anthocodial armature. A, Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek’s (1960) supposed D. rigida (ZMUC), showing anthocodial armature; B, Kükenthal’s (1896) supposed D. rigida (ZSM), showing anthocodial armature; C, Nutting’s (1912) supposed D. splendens (USNM 30113), showing anthocodial armature. Scale: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737117/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="129">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||
), both appear to belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FF4666CE8F9112D8" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[186,421,1695,1719]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FF4666CE8F9112D8" box="[186,421,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C324FFD9FE4866CE8F951297" collectorName="The & Berlin & Doderlein" country="Japan" location="Sagami Bay" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectorName id="FE395353C324FFD9FE4866CE8FEE12D8" box="[436,474,1695,1719]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">The</collectorName>
|
||
label shows that the
|
||
<collectorName id="FE395353C324FFD9FD3C66CE8CCB12D8" box="[704,767,1695,1719]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">Berlin</collectorName>
|
||
specimen was collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="FE395353C324FFD9FE4766EE8C1612B8" box="[443,546,1727,1751]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">Döderlein</collectorName>
|
||
from
|
||
<location id="5613605EC324FFD9FD9466EE8CD412B7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72:5613605EC324FFD9FD9466EE8CD412B7" box="[616,736,1727,1752]" country="Japan" name="Sagami Bay" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">Sagami Bay</location>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BDB7615C324FFD9FF6066B18EE31298" box="[156,215,1760,1783]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, as was NMBE-308
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C324FFD9FE5766B18C2D1336" collectorName="However" country="Japan" location="380 in Bern" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectorName id="FE395353C324FFD9FE5766B18C331298" box="[427,519,1760,1783]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">However</collectorName>
|
||
, since the colony size of NMBE-380 is almost the same as that reported in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FD4D67518EEA1356" author="Studer, T." pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer’s (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
original description, NMBE-
|
||
<location id="5613605EC324FFD9FDEE67708CA51356" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72:5613605EC324FFD9FDEE67708CA51356" box="[530,657,1825,1849]" country="Japan" name="380 in Bern" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<quantity id="94349B60C324FFD9FDEE67708C611356" box="[530,597,1825,1849]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.652" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" unit="in" value="380.0">380 in</quantity>
|
||
Bern
|
||
</location>
|
||
is considered to be the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C778827C324FFD9FED767108FB01336" box="[299,388,1857,1881]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of this species
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="07B3660DC324FFD9FF6062A38CCB1733" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5737117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737117/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" startId="19.[156,187,754,776]" targetBox="[435,1152,204,732]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C324FFD9FF6062A38CCB1733" blockId="19.[156,1432,754,860]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">
|
||
Fig. 22. Polyps from colonies previously, and evidently mistakenly, assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FC6362A38ACA1767" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[927,1278,754,776]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FC6362A38A451768" box="[927,1137,754,775]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">Dendronephthya rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FB7D62A38ACC1767" author="Studer, T." box="[1153,1272,754,776]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FAD862A28F06174B" authority="Kukenthal, 1895" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1895" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FAD862A28BAC1768" box="[1316,1432,754,776]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D. splendens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FF60635F8F06174B" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[156,306,782,804]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="426 - 436" refId="ref15966" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1895. 4. Alcyonaceen von Ternate. Fam. Nephthyidae Verrill. Zoologischer Anzeiger 18 (448): 426 - 436." type="journal article" year="1895">Kükenthal, 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing their anthocodial armature.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FD73635F8A27174B" author="Tixier-Durivault, A. & Prevorsek, M." box="[655,1043,782,804]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="1 - 296" refId="ref16794" refString="Tixier-Durivault, A. and Prevorsek, M. 1960. Le genre Roxasia (Alcyonaria, Nephtheidae). Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis 18: 1 - 296, text-figs 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="1960">A, Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek’s (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
supposed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FB89635E8B2A174B" authority="(ZMUC)" baseAuthorityName="ZMUC" box="[1141,1310,782,804]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FB89635E8AF1174C" box="[1141,1221,782,804]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D. rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(ZMUC)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing anthocodial armature; B,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FE92637B8C2C172F" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[366,536,810,832]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="81 - 144" refId="ref15994" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1896. Alcyonaceen von Ternate. Nephthyidae Verrill und Siphonogorgiidae Kolliker. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 23 (1): 81 - 144, pls 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1896">Kükenthal’s (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
supposed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FD86637A8D39172F" authority="(ZSM)" baseAuthorityName="ZSM" box="[634,781,810,832]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FD86637A8CFE1750" box="[634,714,810,832]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D. rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(ZSM)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing anthocodial armature;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FBC5637B8AD2172F" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[1081,1254,810,832]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref16144" refString="Nutting, C. C. 1912. Description of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Fisheries steamer " Albatross, " mainly in Japanese waters, during 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 43: 1 - 104, pls 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1912">C, Nutting’s (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
supposed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FAB4637A8EF01734" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1895" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FAB4637A8EF01734" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D. splendens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 30113), showing anthocodial armature. Scale: 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="07B3660DC324FFD9FF6066458C28120E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737119" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5737119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737119/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" startId="19.[156,187,1556,1578]" targetBox="[330,1276,993,1498]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C324FFD9FF6066458C28120E" blockId="19.[156,1432,1556,1634]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">
|
||
Fig. 23. Scanning electron micrographs of uppermost point spindles. A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FCB166458AD31245" authority="Kukenthal, 1905" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" box="[845,1255,1556,1578]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="doederleini">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FCB166458A7E1246" box="[845,1098,1556,1577]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">Dendronephthya doederleini</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FBAD66458AD31245" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[1105,1255,1556,1578]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMBE295); B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FA7E66448F531229" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punicea">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FA7E66448BA61245" box="[1410,1426,1557,1578]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FF6066618ED5122A" box="[156,225,1584,1605]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">punicea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FF1166618F551229" author="Studer, T." box="[237,353,1584,1606]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMBE303-1); C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FDEB66608D221229" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[535,790,1584,1606]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FDEB66608C131229" box="[535,551,1585,1606]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FDCF66618CA4122A" box="[563,656,1584,1605]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">flabellifera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FD6066618D241229" author="Studer, T." box="[668,784,1584,1606]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMBE299); D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FC4F66608AAE1229" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[947,1178,1584,1606]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FC4F66608DF71229" box="[947,963,1585,1606]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FC3366618A27122A" box="[975,1043,1584,1605]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FBDC66618AA01229" author="Studer, T." box="[1056,1172,1584,1606]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMBE310-1); E,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FABB66608F2F120D" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FABB66608B631229" box="[1351,1367,1585,1606]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FA9F66618BAC122A" box="[1379,1432,1584,1605]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FF5E661D8F21120D" author="Studer, T." box="[162,277,1612,1634]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMBE308). Scale: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C324FFD9FF4967338D971377" blockId="19.[156,767,1695,2077]" lastBlockId="19.[820,1432,1695,2077]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">
|
||
The growth form of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C778827C324FFD9FE4B67338C241315" box="[439,528,1890,1914]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is characteristic of the
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FF6067D28ED113F5" box="[156,229,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
-group of Umbellatae;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FE2F67D28C8913F4" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[467,701,1922,1947]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal (1905: 611)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FEB367F58F9913D4" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[335,429,1955,1979]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FEB367F58F9913D4" box="[335,429,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D. rigida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FD4767F28CC213D4" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[699,758,1955,1979]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FD4767F28CC213D4" box="[699,758,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">rigida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- group of Divaricatae, despite the fact that “Die Polypen sitzen in Bündeln von 3–5 an den Endzweigen, so dass sie alle an der Oberfläche stehen, die dadurch sehr dicht wird” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FCC766CE8A2612D8" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[827,1042,1695,1719]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal 1905: 621</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is clear that this species belongs to Umbellatae, because numerous polyps group to form umbels, and all polyps are disposed on the surface of the colony (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C324FFD9FCC067518DA31377" box="[828,919,1792,1816]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[156,187,1736,1758]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-69@21.[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 25. Color photographs of the specimens examined. A, ZMB-6597, Dendronephthya pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); B, ZMB-6598, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); C, ZSM-20061084, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); D, NSMT-CoR-62, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Utinomi (1962); E, RMNH-2926, “D. pumilio” sensu Sherriffs (1912) and Thomson and Dean (1931); F, NMBE-308, D. rigida (Studer, 1888); G, NMBE-308, enlargement of D. rigida (Studer, 1888), showing branching mode; H, ZMB6602, D. rigida (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); I, D. rigida (Studer) sensu Kükenthal, 1905, (ZSM); J, ZMUC, D. rigida sensu Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960); K, USNM-30113, D. splendens sensu Nutting (1912)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737123/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">Fig. 25G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C324FFDFFCB267708BB613B4" blockId="19.[820,1432,1695,2077]" lastBlockId="21.[820,1432,1955,2077]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FCB267708A4E1356" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[846,1146,1825,1849]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal (1905: 621–625)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FAF367738DEE1336" authority="Kukenthal, 1895" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1895" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FAF367738BAC1356" box="[1295,1432,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D. splendens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FCC867108DEE1336" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[820,986,1857,1881]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="426 - 436" refId="ref15966" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1895. 4. Alcyonaceen von Ternate. Fam. Nephthyidae Verrill. Zoologischer Anzeiger 18 (448): 426 - 436." type="journal article" year="1895">Kükenthal, 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a junior synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FB1067138B7F1336" box="[1260,1355,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FB1067138B731336" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1260,1351,1857,1881]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">D. rigida</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In fact, the large point spindles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FBB667328AFC1315" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1895" box="[1098,1224,1890,1914]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FBB667328AFC1315" box="[1098,1224,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D. splendens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shown in his figure (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FCC767D28DD413F5" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[827,992,1922,1947]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="81 - 144" refId="ref15994" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1896. Alcyonaceen von Ternate. Nephthyidae Verrill und Siphonogorgiidae Kolliker. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 23 (1): 81 - 144, pls 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1896">Kükenthal 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 6, fig. 13) closely resemble those of this species in shape. Unfortunately, the anthocodial formula of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FCAE67958DE513B3" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1895" box="[850,977,1988,2012]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FCAE67958DE513B3" box="[850,977,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">D. splendens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not clear, but the figure and description of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C324FFD9FCAA67B58A3B1393" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[854,1039,2020,2044]" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" pagination="81 - 144" refId="ref15994" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1896. Alcyonaceen von Ternate. Nephthyidae Verrill und Siphonogorgiidae Kolliker. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 23 (1): 81 - 144, pls 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1896">Kükenthal (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggest VI=1P+(3−4)Cr+medium S.B.+2 M, which is different from that of
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C324FFD9FAFE68548B531C72" box="[1282,1383,2053,2077]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C324FFD9FAFE68548B571C72" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1282,1379,2053,2077]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="130" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">D. rigida</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The anthocodial formula of a Chinese specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFD5D67138EEB1315" authority="(ZSM)" baseAuthorityName="ZSM" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFD5D67138CCB1335" box="[673,767,1858,1882]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D. rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(ZSM)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
deposited in the Zoologische Staatssammlung, München (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C323FFDEFEEE67D28F5813F5" box="[274,364,1922,1947]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[156,187,1736,1758]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-69@21.[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 25. Color photographs of the specimens examined. A, ZMB-6597, Dendronephthya pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); B, ZMB-6598, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); C, ZSM-20061084, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); D, NSMT-CoR-62, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Utinomi (1962); E, RMNH-2926, “D. pumilio” sensu Sherriffs (1912) and Thomson and Dean (1931); F, NMBE-308, D. rigida (Studer, 1888); G, NMBE-308, enlargement of D. rigida (Studer, 1888), showing branching mode; H, ZMB6602, D. rigida (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); I, D. rigida (Studer) sensu Kükenthal, 1905, (ZSM); J, ZMUC, D. rigida sensu Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960); K, USNM-30113, D. splendens sensu Nutting (1912)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737123/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">Fig. 25I</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is part of the material that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFF6067F28F6013D4" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[156,340,1955,1979]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
discussed in relation to this supposed synonymy, is almost the same as that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C778827C323FFDEFD7B67958CD413B3" box="[647,736,1988,2012]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFF6067B48EC91393" box="[156,253,2020,2044]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFF6067B48EC91393" box="[156,253,2020,2044]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D. rigida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, except for the lack of intermediate sclerites, viz., VI=1P+(3−4)p+0Cr+medium S.B.+0 M, but the sharpness and size of the point spindles are quite different (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C323FFDEFCC067338DA11315" box="[828,917,1890,1914]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[156,187,754,776]" captionTargetBox="[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetId="figure-240@19.[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 22. Polyps from colonies previously, and evidently mistakenly, assigned to Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888) or D. splendens Kükenthal, 1895, showing their anthocodial armature. A, Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek’s (1960) supposed D. rigida (ZMUC), showing anthocodial armature; B, Kükenthal’s (1896) supposed D. rigida (ZSM), showing anthocodial armature; C, Nutting’s (1912) supposed D. splendens (USNM 30113), showing anthocodial armature. Scale: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737117/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">Fig. 22B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The characteristic large, bent point spindles were not found in any polyp of the Chinese specimen, which therefore seems to belong to another species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFAFD67F28BAC13D4" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[1281,1432,1955,1979]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref16144" refString="Nutting, C. C. 1912. Description of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Fisheries steamer " Albatross, " mainly in Japanese waters, during 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 43: 1 - 104, pls 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1912">Nutting (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFC6F67958A2413B3" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1895" box="[915,1040,1988,2012]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFC6F67958A2413B3" box="[915,1040,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">
|
||
D.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C323FFDEFC4D67958A2413B3" box="[945,1040,1988,2012]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Japan" location="Japan" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" specimenCode="USNM 30113" specimenCount="1">splendens</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BDB7615C323FFDEFB5967958AD413B4" box="[1189,1248,1988,2011]" name="Japan" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but his specimen (
|
||
<specimenCode id="036A9EFEC323FFDEFCC767B58DF81393" box="[827,972,2020,2044]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" type="Museum">USNM 30113</specimenCode>
|
||
) is quite different from this nominal species in colony appearance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C323FFDEFBDD68548A4A1C72" box="[1057,1150,2053,2077]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[156,187,1736,1758]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-69@21.[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 25. Color photographs of the specimens examined. A, ZMB-6597, Dendronephthya pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); B, ZMB-6598, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); C, ZSM-20061084, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); D, NSMT-CoR-62, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Utinomi (1962); E, RMNH-2926, “D. pumilio” sensu Sherriffs (1912) and Thomson and Dean (1931); F, NMBE-308, D. rigida (Studer, 1888); G, NMBE-308, enlargement of D. rigida (Studer, 1888), showing branching mode; H, ZMB6602, D. rigida (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); I, D. rigida (Studer) sensu Kükenthal, 1905, (ZSM); J, ZMUC, D. rigida sensu Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960); K, USNM-30113, D. splendens sensu Nutting (1912)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737123/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">Fig. 25K</figureCitation>
|
||
), size and shape of polyps, anthocodial formula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C322FFDFFE7F67F28FD513D4" box="[387,481,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[156,187,754,776]" captionTargetBox="[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetId="figure-240@19.[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 22. Polyps from colonies previously, and evidently mistakenly, assigned to Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888) or D. splendens Kükenthal, 1895, showing their anthocodial armature. A, Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek’s (1960) supposed D. rigida (ZMUC), showing anthocodial armature; B, Kükenthal’s (1896) supposed D. rigida (ZSM), showing anthocodial armature; C, Nutting’s (1912) supposed D. splendens (USNM 30113), showing anthocodial armature. Scale: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737117/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Fig. 22C</figureCitation>
|
||
), etc.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFDDA67F28F6413B3" author="Tixier-Durivault, A. & Prevorsek, M." pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="1 - 296" refId="ref16794" refString="Tixier-Durivault, A. and Prevorsek, M. 1960. Le genre Roxasia (Alcyonaria, Nephtheidae). Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis 18: 1 - 296, text-figs 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="1960">Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described another specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C322FFDFFD5C67958CCC13B3" box="[672,760,1988,2012]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[156,187,1736,1758]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-69@21.[289,1299,204,1714]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 25. Color photographs of the specimens examined. A, ZMB-6597, Dendronephthya pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); B, ZMB-6598, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); C, ZSM-20061084, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); D, NSMT-CoR-62, D. pumilio (Studer, 1888) sensu Utinomi (1962); E, RMNH-2926, “D. pumilio” sensu Sherriffs (1912) and Thomson and Dean (1931); F, NMBE-308, D. rigida (Studer, 1888); G, NMBE-308, enlargement of D. rigida (Studer, 1888), showing branching mode; H, ZMB6602, D. rigida (Studer, 1888) sensu Kükenthal (1905); I, D. rigida (Studer) sensu Kükenthal, 1905, (ZSM); J, ZMUC, D. rigida sensu Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960); K, USNM-30113, D. splendens sensu Nutting (1912)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737123/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Fig. 25J</figureCitation>
|
||
) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BDB7615C322FFDFFF2467B48F241393" box="[216,272,2021,2044]" name="Japan" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
under the name of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFE1367B48C871393" authority="(ZMUC)" baseAuthorityName="ZMUC" box="[495,691,2020,2044]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFE1367B48C331393" box="[495,519,2021,2044]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E3A43CD8C322FFDFFDEC67B58C871393" box="[528,691,2020,2044]" country="Japan" location="Berlin" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFDEC67B58C7F1393" box="[528,587,2020,2044]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(ZMUC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was placed by them in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFDF268548C691C73" authorityName="Tixier-Durivault & Prevorsek" authorityYear="1957" box="[526,605,2053,2076]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Roxasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFDF268548C691C73" box="[526,605,2053,2076]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Roxasia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the polyp sclerites are very long and slender (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBF72A00C322FFDFFB6067F28AC313D4" box="[1180,1271,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[156,187,754,776]" captionTargetBox="[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetId="figure-240@19.[435,1152,204,732]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 22. Polyps from colonies previously, and evidently mistakenly, assigned to Dendronephthya rigida (Studer, 1888) or D. splendens Kükenthal, 1895, showing their anthocodial armature. A, Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek’s (1960) supposed D. rigida (ZMUC), showing anthocodial armature; B, Kükenthal’s (1896) supposed D. rigida (ZSM), showing anthocodial armature; C, Nutting’s (1912) supposed D. splendens (USNM 30113), showing anthocodial armature. Scale: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737117/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||
), different from those of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C778827C322FFDFFC4C67958A3D13B3" box="[944,1033,1988,2012]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and the
|
||
<location id="5613605EC322FFDFFB9D67958A9413B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB658793C338FFDFFC5E67308D951C72:5613605EC322FFDFFB9D67958A9413B3" box="[1121,1184,1988,2012]" country="Japan" name="Berlin" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Berlin</location>
|
||
specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BDB7615C322FFDFFABF67958B4A13B4" box="[1347,1406,1988,2011]" name="Japan" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="07B3660DC323FFDEFF6066208C3E137C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737121" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5737121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737121/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" startId="20.[156,187,1649,1671]" targetBox="[289,1299,204,1627]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C323FFDEFF6066208C3E137C" blockId="20.[156,1432,1649,1811]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">
|
||
Fig. 24. Color photographs of the specimens examined. A, MNBE-295-1,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFCA566208AC012E8" authority="Kukenthal, 1905" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" box="[857,1268,1649,1671]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="doederleini">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFCA566208A6212E9" box="[857,1110,1649,1670]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">Dendronephthya doederleini</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFBA166208AC012E8" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[1117,1268,1649,1671]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; B, MNBE-295-2,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFF6066DC8F6412CC" box="[156,336,1677,1699]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFF6066DC8F0412CD" box="[156,304,1677,1698]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">Dendronephthya</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, preserved in the same jar as above specimen, probably undescribed species; C, NMBE-303-1,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFB5166DF8BA012CC" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1197,1428,1677,1699]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punicea">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFB5166DF8A8912CC" box="[1197,1213,1678,1699]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFB3466DF8B3912CC" box="[1224,1293,1678,1699]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">punicea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFAE566DC8BBA12CC" author="Studer, T." box="[1305,1422,1677,1699]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; D, NMBE-303-2,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFEC066FB8C1512D0" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[316,545,1705,1727]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punicea">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFEC066FB8F7812D0" box="[316,332,1706,1727]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFEAA66FB8FAF12D0" box="[342,411,1706,1727]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">punicea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFE5B66F88C2812D0" author="Studer, T." box="[423,540,1705,1727]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; E, ZMA-2473,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFD4D66FB8A7012D0" authority="sensu Thomson and Dean (1931)" authorityName="Thomson and Dean" authorityYear="1931" box="[689,1092,1705,1727]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punicea">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFD4D66FB8CF512D0" box="[689,705,1706,1727]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFD3066FB8D2512D0" box="[716,785,1706,1727]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">punicea</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFCB266F88A7012D0" author="Thomson, J. A. & Dean, L. M. I." box="[846,1092,1705,1727]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref16442" refString="Thomson, J. A. and Dean, L. M. I. 1931. The Alcyonacea of the Siboga Expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. Siboga- Expeditie, Monographie 13 d: 1 - 227, pls 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1931">Thomson and Dean (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; F, MNBE-299,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFB2866FB8EE412B4" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="Kukth. Det." authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFB2866FB8AD012D0" box="[1236,1252,1706,1727]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFB1366F88B7812D1" box="[1263,1356,1705,1726]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">flabellifera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFAAB66F88EFF12B4" author="Studer, T." pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; G, ZMUC,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFEBF66978D6F12B4" authority="sensu Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1962)" authorityName="Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek" authorityYear="1962" box="[323,859,1733,1755]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFEBF66978F6712B4" box="[323,339,1734,1755]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFEA266948F8F12B5" box="[350,443,1733,1754]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">flabellifera</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFE0666948D6F12B4" author="Tixier-Durivault, A. & Prevorsek, M." box="[506,859,1733,1755]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref16829" refString="Tixier-Durivault, A. and Prevorsek, M. 1962. Le genre Morchellana (Alcyonaria, Nephtheidae). Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis 19: 1 - 239, text-figs 1 - 150." type="journal article" year="1962">Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; H, SMBL-266,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFC1166978B0012B4" authority="sensu Utinomi (1954)" authorityName="Utinomi" authorityYear="1954" box="[1005,1332,1733,1755]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFC1166978DC912B4" box="[1005,1021,1734,1755]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFBF466948A5112B5" box="[1032,1125,1733,1754]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">flabellifera</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFB5866948B0012B4" author="Utinomi, H." box="[1188,1332,1733,1755]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="319 - 338" refId="ref16912" refString="Utinomi, H. 1954. Dendronephthya of Japan, II. New species and new records of Dendronephthya and the allied Stereonephthya from Kii region. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 3 (3): 319 - 338, text-figs 1 - 11, pls 39 - 40." type="journal article" year="1954">Utinomi (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; I, MNBE- 310-1,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFF2066B38FF21298" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[220,454,1761,1783]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFF2066B38ED81298" box="[220,236,1762,1783]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFF0466B08F081299" box="[248,316,1761,1782]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFEB666B08FF51298" author="Studer, T." box="[330,449,1761,1783]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; J, MNBE-310-2,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFD9066B38D631298" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[620,855,1761,1783]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFD9066B38C481298" box="[620,636,1762,1783]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFD7466B08CF81299" box="[648,716,1761,1782]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFD2666B08D651298" author="Studer, T." box="[730,849,1761,1783]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; K,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFC8266B08A1C1298" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[894,1064,1761,1783]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal’s (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
picture of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFB6C66B38B4F1298" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1168,1403,1761,1783]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFB6C66B38A941298" box="[1168,1184,1762,1783]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFB5166B08AC51299" box="[1197,1265,1761,1782]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFB0366B08B411298" author="Studer, T." box="[1279,1397,1761,1783]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; L, MNBE-310-3,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C323FFDEFEDD66AF8C33137C" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[289,519,1789,1811]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFEDD66AF8F05137C" box="[289,305,1790,1811]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C323FFDEFEC766AC8F4B137D" box="[315,383,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="131">pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C323FFDEFE7766AC8FCB137C" author="Studer, T." box="[395,511,1789,1811]" pageId="20" pageNumber="131" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="07B3660DC322FFDFFF6066998DEA1305" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5737123" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5737123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5737123/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" startId="21.[156,187,1736,1758]" targetBox="[289,1299,204,1714]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C322FFDFFF6066998DEA1305" blockId="21.[156,1432,1736,1898]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">
|
||
Fig. 25. Color photographs of the specimens examined. A, ZMB-6597,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFCBA66998BA012B1" authority="(Studer, 1888) sensu Kukenthal (1905)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[838,1428,1736,1758]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFCBA66998A1212B2" box="[838,1062,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Dendronephthya pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFBC866998A9D12B1" author="Studer, T." box="[1076,1193,1736,1758]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFB0E66998BA012B1" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[1266,1428,1736,1758]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; B, ZMB-6598,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFED866B48CDB1295" authority="(Studer, 1888) sensu Kukenthal (1905)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[292,751,1764,1786]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFED866B48F001295" box="[292,308,1765,1786]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFEBC66B58FB01296" box="[320,388,1764,1785]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFE6E66B58C321295" author="Studer, T." box="[402,518,1764,1786]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFDB166B58CDB1295" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[589,751,1764,1786]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; C, ZSM-20061084,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFC5166B48B4C1295" authority="(Studer, 1888) sensu Kukenthal (1905)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[941,1400,1764,1786]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFC5166B48D891295" box="[941,957,1765,1786]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFC3566B58A391296" box="[969,1037,1764,1785]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFBE766B58ABB1295" author="Studer, T." box="[1051,1167,1764,1786]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFB2A66B58B4C1295" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[1238,1400,1764,1786]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; D, NSMT-CoR-62,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFECF67508CC01379" authority="(Studer, 1888) sensu Utinomi (1962)" authorityName="Utinomi" authorityYear="1962" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[307,756,1792,1814]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFECF67508F771379" box="[307,323,1793,1814]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFEAD67518FA1137A" box="[337,405,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFE5F67518C2D1379" author="Studer, T." box="[419,537,1792,1814]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFD9E67518CC01379" author="Utinomi, H." box="[610,756,1792,1814]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="105 - 108" refId="ref16965" refString="Utinomi, H. 1962. Preliminary list of octocorals of Sagami Bay deposited in the Biological Laboratory of the Imperial Household. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 10 (1): 105 - 108." type="journal article" year="1962">Utinomi (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; E, RMNH-2926, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFC5467508AD11379" authority="" sensu Sherriffs (1912)" authorityName="Sherriffs" authorityYear="1912" box="[936,1253,1792,1814]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFC5467508D8C1379" box="[936,952,1793,1814]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFC3967518A3D137A" box="[965,1033,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
” sensu Sherriffs (1912)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFAE467518F24135D" author="Thomson, J. A. & Dean, L. M. I." pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref16442" refString="Thomson, J. A. and Dean, L. M. I. 1931. The Alcyonacea of the Siboga Expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. Siboga- Expeditie, Monographie 13 d: 1 - 227, pls 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1931">Thomson and Dean (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; F, NMBE-308,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFE5F674C8C49135D" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[419,637,1820,1842]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFE5F674C8F87135D" box="[419,435,1821,1842]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFE43674D8FC0135E" box="[447,500,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFDFD674D8C43135D" author="Studer, T." box="[513,631,1820,1842]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; G, NMBE-308, enlargement of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFC54674C8AB5135D" authority="(Studer, 1888)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[936,1153,1820,1842]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFC54674C8D8C135D" box="[936,952,1821,1842]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFC38674D8DCD135E" box="[964,1017,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFBF9674D8A48135D" author="Studer, T." box="[1029,1148,1820,1842]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing branching mode; H, ZMB6602,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFEFF67688C8B1321" authority="(Studer, 1888) sensu Kukenthal (1905)" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[259,703,1848,1870]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFEFF67688F271321" box="[259,275,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFEE367698F601322" box="[287,340,1848,1869]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFE9D67698FE21321" author="Studer, T." box="[353,470,1848,1870]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFDE167698C8B1321" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[541,703,1848,1870]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; I,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFD2267688A6D1321" authority="(Studer) sensu Kukenthal, 1905" authorityName="sensu Kukenthal" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[734,1113,1848,1870]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFD2267688CDA1321" box="[734,750,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFD0667698D1B1322" box="[762,815,1848,1869]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">rigida</emphasis>
|
||
(Studer) sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFC3E67698A6D1321" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[962,1113,1848,1870]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (ZSM); J, ZMUC,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFAF167688FCE1305" authority="sensu Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960)" authorityName="Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek" authorityYear="1960" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFAF167688B291321" box="[1293,1309,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFAD567698B6A1322" box="[1321,1374,1848,1869]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">rigida</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFF6067058FCE1305" author="Tixier-Durivault, A. & Prevorsek, M." box="[156,506,1876,1898]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="1 - 296" refId="ref16794" refString="Tixier-Durivault, A. and Prevorsek, M. 1960. Le genre Roxasia (Alcyonaria, Nephtheidae). Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis 18: 1 - 296, text-figs 1 - 256." type="journal article" year="1960">Tixier-Durivault and Prevorsek (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; K, USNM-30113,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94CC4D06C322FFDFFD5967048DEE1305" authority="sensu Nutting (1912)" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1912" box="[677,986,1876,1898]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFD5967048C811305" box="[677,693,1877,1898]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFD4367058D201306" box="[703,788,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">splendens</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFCAD67058DEE1305" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[849,986,1876,1898]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref16144" refString="Nutting, C. C. 1912. Description of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Fisheries steamer " Albatross, " mainly in Japanese waters, during 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 43: 1 - 104, pls 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1912">Nutting (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="53733685C322FFDFFCB267B58D951C72" blockId="21.[820,1432,1955,2077]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B8EA97C322FFDFFCB267B58A781393" bold="true" box="[846,1100,2020,2044]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Geological distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BDB7615C322FFDFFB9767B48A971393" box="[1131,1187,2021,2044]" name="Japan" pageId="21" pageNumber="132">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFB4467B58B081393" author="Studer, T." box="[1208,1340,2020,2044]" pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref16399" refString="Studer, T. 1888. On some new species of the genus Spongodes, Less., from the Philippine Islands and the Japanese Seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series 1: 69 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1888">Studer 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="375D4B74C322FFDFFAB067B58DA21C72" author="Kukenthal, W." pageId="21" pageNumber="132" pagination="503 - 726" refId="ref16029" refString="Kukenthal, W. 1905. Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 2. Teil. Die Gattungen Dendronephthya n. g. und Stereonephthya n. g. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere) 21: 503 - 726, text-figs A - L 2, pls 26 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Kükenthal 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |