400 lines
32 KiB
XML
400 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.231.3687" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f36ba97-970f-40b6-ab7b-339c1f4cc0ef" ID-PMC="PMC3494023" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-231-1" ID-PubMed="23204912" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-231-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 231" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the new world species of Polytrichophora Cresson and Facitrichophora, new genus (Diptera, Ephydridae)" checkinTime="1451248656124" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz" docDate="2012" docId="F6C0F90CC3FF67064E8C2493274AE4CB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 231: 1-116" docOrigin="ZooKeys 231" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.231.3687" docTitle="Polytrichophora agens Cresson" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="FFE9FFC5E821FFA5FFA88C0071260670" masterDocTitle="A revision of the new world species of Polytrichophora Cresson and Facitrichophora, new genus (Diptera, Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668154588673" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the new world species of Polytrichophora Cresson and Facitrichophora, new genus (Diptera, Ephydridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>231</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>116</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.231.3687</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.231.3687</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-231-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037401" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F6C0F90CC3FF67064E8C2493274AE4CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F6C0F90CC3FF67064E8C2493274AE4CB" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Polytrichophora_agens" authority="Cresson" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Polytrichophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polytrichophora agens" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agens">Polytrichophora agens Cresson</taxonomicName>
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Figs 2937
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Polytrichophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polytrichophora agens" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agens">Polytrichophora agens</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Cresson, ET Jr" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="159 - 164" title="Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Paper VI." volume="35" year="1924">Cresson 1924</bibRefCitation>
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: 161;
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<bibRefCitation author="Cresson, ET Jr" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="101 - 128" title="Synopses of North American Ephydridae (Diptera) I. The subfamily Psilopinae, with descriptions of new species." volume="68" year="1942">1942</bibRefCitation>
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: 114 [review of Nearctic fauna].
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<bibRefCitation author="Wirth, WW" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 20" title="The Ephydridae (Diptera) of the Bahama Islands." volume="1817" year="1956">Wirth 1956</bibRefCitation>
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: 9 [list, Bahamas];
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<bibRefCitation pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1965</bibRefCitation>
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: 740 [Nearctic catalog];
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<bibRefCitation pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1968</bibRefCitation>
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: 8 [Neotropical catalog].
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<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs on Entomology, International" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" title="A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae)." volume="4" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995</bibRefCitation>
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: 183-184 [world catalog].
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<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 77" title="The shore flies of the Belizean Cays (Diptera: Ephydridae)." url="10.5479/si.00810282.592" volume="592" year="1997 b">Mathis 1997b</bibRefCitation>
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: 36-39 [review, Belize].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Moderately small shore flies, body length 2.30-2.90 mm (comparatively large and robust in comparison to congeners).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Head (Figs 29-30): Frons dull, heavily microtomentose, 2-toned, mostly tan with some faint golden reflections on posterior 2/3, anterior 1/3 (from level of fronto-orbital setae anteriad), gray. Antenna mostly yellow to yellowish orange, anterior portion of pedicel and basodorsal area of basal flagellomere with some blackish coloration; arista with 5 dorsal rays. Face at narrowest point about equal to combined length of pedicel and basal flagellomere; face densely microtomentose with subshiny to pearly luster, mostly white but with considerable gold coloration in antennal grooves and extended laterally onto parafacial; parafacial color not markedly differing from midfacies; parafacial becoming much wider ventrally and with slight to considerable ventral dilation, 2-3 times wider ventrally than dorsally; gena moderately high, height about equal to combined length of pedicel and basal flagellomere; gena-to-eye ratio 0.20-0.23.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Thorax (Fig. 31): Mesonotum mostly dull, densely microtomentose, concolorous with posterior 2/3 of frons; pleural area blackish gray. Anterior margin of wing lacking spine-like setae; costal vein ratio 0.54-0.58; M vein ratio 0.55-0.58. Forefemur lacking a row of 9-10 short, stout setulae along apical half of anteroventral surface; forefemur with a row of 7-9, of mostly elongate, well-developed, evenly spaced posteroventral setae, each equal to width of femur; tibiae mostly yellowish; basal tarsomeres yellow, apical 1-2 brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Abdomen: Tergites dull to subshiny, gray to blackish brown; tergites 1-4 bicolored, mostly blackish brown dorsally, gray lateroventrally; tergites 3-4 of male subequal, 4th not unusually longer, tergite 3 not produced ventrolaterally; dorsum of tergite 5 of male not darker than preceding tergites and usually with distinct, semicircular, grayish areas laterally; tergite 5 of male in dorsal view not markedly narrowed posteriorly, bearing row of 6-10, distinctly larger setae along extreme posterior margin with posterodorsal orientation; tergite 5 of male also gray on posterior 1/2-1/3; male sternite 1 transversely rectangular; sternite 2 much longer than wide, narrowly triangular, wider anteriorly, anterior margin emarginate; sternite 3 longer than wide, more robust than sternite 2, lateral margins shallowly arched, nearly parallel sided; sternite 4 robustly T-shaped, with posterior, transverse bar; sternite 5 as 2, narrow, bar-like sternites. Male terminalia (Figs 32-36): Many structures asymmetrical; epandrium asymmetrical (Fig. 32), connected dorsally above cerci, in posterior view (Fig
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<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">32</pageBreakToken>
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) tapered ventrally to an acutely pointed apex under which lies cordate-shaped, laterally flanged anterior margin (Fig. 32); epandrium in lateral view (Fig. 33) slightly curved anteroventrally, pointed apically, and with subapical ledge that also ends ventrally in a point; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 36) mostly rod-like, obtusely angled, end toward aedeagal base slightly enlarged, clavate; aedeagus with distinct basiphallus and distiphallus, in lateral view (Fig. 36) basiphallus somewhat tubular but lacking digitiform projection at apex, in ventral view (Fig. 35) narrowly cordate; distiphallus more membranous, contorted and sinuous, asymmetrically bifurcate apically (Figs 35-36); phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 36) as a curved, narrow, rod with keel essentially undeveloped, in ventral view (Fig. 35) asymmetrical, as a curved rod; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 36) short, rod-like, enlarged toward anterior margin, in ventral view (Fig. 35) transversely crescent shaped, narrow.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">The holotype female is labeled "Galveston J[u]n[e] [19]00 Tex[as]/W. M. Wheeler Collection./Holo-TYPE Polytrichophora AGENS E. T. Cresson Jr [maroon; species name handwritten]. The holotype is double mounted (pin in a rectangular card), is in good condition, and is deposited in the AMNH.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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United States. Texas. Galveston (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="29.301666">29°18.1'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-94.79833">94°47.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="other specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Nearctic. UNITED STATES. DELAWARE. Sussex: Rehoboth (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="38.72">38°43.2'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-75.07667">75°04.6'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 25 Jun 1939, A. L. Melander (1♀; ANSP).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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FLORIDA. Lee: Fort Myers (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="26.64">26°38.4'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.871666">81°52.3'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 24 Apr 1930, A. L. Melander (1♂; ANSP). Monroe: Bahia Honda Key (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="24.668333">24°40.1'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.265">81°15.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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; seashore), 11 Apr 1970, W. W. Wirth (3♂, 2♀; USNM); Big Pine Key, Long Beach (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="24.635">24°38.1'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.36">81°21.6'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 11 Feb 2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (20♂, 5♀; USNM); Flamingo, Everglades National Park (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="25.313334">25°18.8'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-80.93667">80°56.2'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 25 Jan 1939, A. L. Melander (1♂, 2♀; ANSP); Layton (Long Key; (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="24.831667">24°49.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-80.805">80°48.3'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 10 Feb 2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Sugarloaf Key (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="24.643333">24°38.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.515">81°30.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 11 Feb 2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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MISSISSIPPI. Jackson: Ocean Springs, Marsh Point, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="30.393333">30°23.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-88.79667">88°47.8'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 4-6 Jun 1962, D. L. Deonier (16♂, 165♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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NORTH CAROLINA. Brunswick: Southport (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="33.921665">33°55.3'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-78.02">78°01.2'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 19 Apr 1989, D. and W. N. Mathis (7♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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TEXAS. Aransas: Aransas State Park (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="28.135">28°08.1'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-96.98167">96°58.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 20 May 1972, W. W. Wirth (1♀; USNM). Galveston: Galveston (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="29.301666">29°18.1'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-94.79833">94°47.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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), Jan 1900, W.M. Wheeler (1♂, 1♀; ANSP); Galveston Island (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="29.166666">29°10'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-94.083336">94°05'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 14 May 1993, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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VIRGINIA. Accomack: Assateague Island, Toms Cove (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="37.888332">37°53.3'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-75.34333">75°20.6'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 20 Sep 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Assateague Island, wildlife loop (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="37.91">37°54.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-75.35167">75°21.1'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 20 Sep 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Neotropical. BAHAMAS. Andros: Fresh Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="24.733334">24°44'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.78333">77°47'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 23 Apr 1953, E. B. Hayden (1♀; AMNH). Grand Bahamas Island: West End (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="26.683332">26°41'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.96667">78°58'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 12 May 1953, E. B. Hayden, L. Giovannoli, G. B. Rabb (1♀; AMNH). Rum Cay: near Port Nelson (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="23.66">23°39.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-74.83">74°49.8'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 16 Mar 1953, E. B. Hayden, L. Giovannoli (2♀; AMNH)
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<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">.</pageBreakToken>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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BELIZE. Stann Creek: Bread and Butter Cay (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.75">16°45'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.15">88°09'W</geoCoordinate>
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), Mar 1988, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Hopkins (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.866667">16°52'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.28333">88°17'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 3 Apr 1993, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM); Man of War Cay (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="17.216667">17°13'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-87.9">87°54'W</geoCoordinate>
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), Nov 1987, W. N. and D. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Round Cay (near Coco Plum Cay;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.866667">16°52'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.11667">88°07'W</geoCoordinate>
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), Mar 1988, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Stewart Cay (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.766666">16°46'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.15">88°09'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 9 Nov 1987, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Twin Cays (Aanderaa Flats, dock area, east shore of East Island, mud flat near Lair Channel, south end of West Island, West Bay;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="16.831667">16°49.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-88.10167">88°06.1'W</geoCoordinate>
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), Mar-Nov 1987, 1988, W. N. and D. Mathis (35♂, 29♀; USNM); Wee Wee Cay (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="16.765">16°45.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-88.14333">88°08.6'W</geoCoordinate>
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), Mar-Nov 1987, 1988, W. N. and D. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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CUBA. Havana: Playa Jibacoa (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="23.148333">23°08.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-81.85">81°51'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 26 Apr 1983, W. N. Mathis (2♀; USNM); Puerto Escondido (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="23.145">23°08.7'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.708336">81°42.5'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 26 Apr 1983, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM)). Sancti Spiritus: La Boca (4 km S;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="21.765">21°45.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-80.025">80°01.5'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 12 Dec 1994, W. N. Mathis (3♂, 6♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Azua: Puerto Viejo (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.348333">18°20.9'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-70.84">70°50.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 14 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (8♂, 4♀; USNM). Barahona: Barahona (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.2">18°12'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.08833">71°5.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 20 May 1998, D. and W. N. Mathis (7♂, 4♀; USNM). La
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Altagracía">Altagracia</normalizedToken>
|
|
: Bayahibe (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.371666">18°22.3'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-68.84">68°50.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 13 May 1994, W. N. Mathis (3♂, 5♀; USNM). La Romana:Isla Saona, Catuano (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.195">18°11.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-68.78">68°46.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 13 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 2♀; USNM); Isla Saona, Mano Juan (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.135">18°08.1'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-68.74167">68°44.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 13 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (11♂, 6♀; USNM). Monte Cristi: Monte Cristi (beach;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="19.858334">19°51.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.65833">71°39.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 18 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM). Pedernales: Lago Oviedo (N shore;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="17.783333">17°47'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.375">71°22.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 15 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 3♀; USNM).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
|
GRAND CAYMAN. Airport (2 km E;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="19.285">19°17.1'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-81.35">81°21'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 26 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM); Bodden Town (1.6 km E;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="19.291666">19°17.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.221664">81°13.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Meagre Bay Pond, 29 Apr 1993, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 5♀; USNM); Double Head (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="19.39">19°23.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.371666">81°22.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 27 Apr 1994, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 5♀; USNM); Frank Sound Road (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="19.315">19°18.9'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.18166">81°10.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 28 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 4♀; USNM); George Town Harbour (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="19.3">19°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.38167">81°22.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 28-29 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (9♂, 2♀; USNM); Governor Gore Bird Sanctuary (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="19.278334">19°16.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.308334">81°18.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 25 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (6♂, 1♀; USNM); Heritage Beach (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="19.3">19°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.16333">81°9.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 28 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (3♂, 1♀; USNM); Spotts (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="19.275">19°16.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.31834">81°19.1'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 25 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (11♂, 9♀; USNM).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
|
JAMAICA. Clarendon: Barnswell Beach (17°45.'N,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.14167">77°08.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 13 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (13♂, 1♀; USNM); Farquhars Beach (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="17.848333">17°50.9'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.38">77°22.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 9 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (9♂, 1♀; USNM); Jackson Bay (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="17.745">17°44.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.21">77°12.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 13 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (5♂; USNM); Portland Cottage (1 km S;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="17.763332">17°45.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.21">77°12.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 13 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (4♂, 1♀; USNM). Manchester: Alligator Pond (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="17.868334">17°52.1'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.565">77°33.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 8 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (1♂, 3♀; USNM). St. Andrew: Mavis Bank (1.7 km E;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.04">18°02.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.65833">77°39.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 575 m), Yallahs River, 21-22 Apr-1 May 2000, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM); Mavis Bank (4.3 km SE;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.023333">18°01.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.635">76°38.1'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 480 m); Yallahs River, 22-23 Apr 2000, W.
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="25" pageNumber="26" start="start">N</pageBreakToken>
|
|
. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). St. Elizabeth: Black River (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.023333">18°01.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.85167">77°51.1'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 11 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (5♂, 4♀; USNM); Salt Pond, Parottee Beach (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="17.968334">17°58.1'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.83667">77°50.2'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 19 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (7♂, 3♀; USNM); Ys Falls (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.155">18°09.3'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.825">77°49.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 17-18 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). Westmoreland: Negril (S beach;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.295">18°17.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-78.35667">78°21.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 11 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (1♀; USNM).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
|
PUERTO RICO. Playa de Guayanilla (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.006666">18°0.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-66.76833">66°46.1'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 19 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Punta Jacinto (near Guanica;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="17.95">17°57'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-66.87666">66°52.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 20 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Distribution</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">(Fig. 37). Nearctic: United States (Delaware, Florida, Mississippi, North Carolina, Texas, Virginia). Neotropical: Bahamas, Belize, West Indies (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grand Cayman, Jamaica, Puerto Rico).</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="natural history">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">All specimens that we have examined are from localities that are associated with marine or at least brackish-water shorelines, indicating a tolerance and perhaps an affinity for these habitats.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
|
Specimens of this species are usually relatively large and robust, especially the abdominal tergites. Unlike most congeners, there is some asymmetry in some structures of the male terminalia (similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Polytrichophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polytrichophora flavella" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavella">Polytrichophora flavella</taxonomicName>
|
|
; Figs 32, 35). From similar congeners, this species is distinguished by the shortened apical arms (apparently secondarily shortened) of the H-shaped hypandrium.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="26" pageNumber="27" start="start">Figures</pageBreakToken>
|
|
29-31. Illustration of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Polytrichophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polytrichophora agens" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agens">Polytrichophora agens</taxonomicName>
|
|
Cresson (male) (Grand Cayman. Governor Gore Bird Sanctuary (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="19.278334">19°16.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.308334">81°18.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
)) 29 head, anterior view 30 same, lateral view 31 thorax, dorsal view.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
|
Figures 32-36. Illustration of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Polytrichophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polytrichophora agens" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agens">Polytrichophora agens</taxonomicName>
|
|
Cresson (male) (Florida. Monroe: Big Pine Key) 32 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 33 same, lateral view of left side 34 anterior portion of epandrium, lateral view of right side 35 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 36 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
|
Figure 37. Distribution of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Polytrichophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polytrichophora agens" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agens">Polytrichophora agens</taxonomicName>
|
|
Cresson.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |