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<document id="78706A4C4E4CB855D11BBA09C0F1AF29" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.97.131350" ID-ZooBank="EA190992-B01B-4F1B-A362-A4549C725580" ID-publisher-id="131350" URI-arpha="2A796BE2-9CFB-5639-87FE-816430B9124E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/EA190992-B01B-4F1B-A362-A4549C725580" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1724952909046" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Vogel, Jonathan, Forshage, Mattias, Bartsch, Saskia B., Ankermann, Anne, Mayer, Christoph, von Falkenhausen, Pia, Rduch, Vera, Müller, Björn, Braun, Christoph, Krammer, Hans-Joachim &amp; Peters, Ralph S." docDate="2024" docId="F3BF97FDC1E7589497F898377B0F506B" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 97: 621-698" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 97" docSource="https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/131350/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Anacharis Dalman 1823" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="698" masterDocId="2A796BE29CFB563987FE816430B9124E" masterDocTitle="Integrative characterisation of the Northwestern European species of Anacharis Dalman, 1823 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) with the description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="698" masterPageNumber="621" pageNumber="621" updateTime="1724962721422" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="67DE2FE71C44A57F0D6B049985FB0B5A">Integrative characterisation of the Northwestern European species of Anacharis Dalman, 1823 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) with the description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="703C3021297C9F5DBF32401300E3452C">Forshage, Mattias</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CC1E79A1B24FAE6FEC1B9A13B2DFCCEA">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology, P. O. Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Stockholms län, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB4B36BEC6979D134563A370367278BA">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EE56C4E4258276BAFCC1034C5B948BBB">Ankermann, Anne</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="12BA5211DB88DCEE6E8F0E869AA6D394">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4BC82C73CDF129ADA0333594121F1EDA">Mayer, Christoph</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ABF3351CE28943157C53B02C532418EF">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="B3DE0FDF86009348CD260447D14005AC">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B2DB83A951CA5E22760FAAC58E8B5DA0">Rduch, Vera</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B144497B4D6E3DDD15E379E74FB196AB">Müller, Björn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2DA8EEE4A3CAF435E9FAC4C05FB64214">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C1E98CCFBFE2597CDDEC7025BA36BC69">Braun, Christoph</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2C74EACD10F4026AB65773ECBB51CE13">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="D7285547D61CEEA6DF657CAD1A6974AE">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="522AFFFD5BD91C22393631832B12D13B">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="15EE0C9969127118F76FA8CE3DA8C13E">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A14712CDB6960006008713F5D1B70EE0">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0470E1426ADE27CD4AC937CE9A9E507F">2024-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3BCC4903A5DF6F7621C0A593EB33B17F">97</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BFD56985EF7AB43FDBB21901B1A66C10">621</mods:start>
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<treatment id="F3BF97FDC1E7589497F898377B0F506B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13538459" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13538459" ID-arpha="F3BF97FD-C1E7-5894-97F8-98377B0F506B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3BF97FDC1E7589497F898377B0F506B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F3BF97FDC1E7589497F898377B0F506B">
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<paragraph id="8EBF00C664E63A0433464B8DC7432FC4">
<taxonomicName id="37EDE6C2071BB0D50887605A9B58CC15" authority="Dalman, 1823" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Anacharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F8206069277241DA09F366EFF3F1280E" italics="true">Anacharis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A7F823F93240F847A41F12DA4FBC00D5" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.66069" author="Dalman JW" journalOrPublisher="Typis Lindhianis, Holmiae" refId="B19" refString="Dalman JW (1823) Analecta entomologica. Typis Lindhianis, Holmiae, 104 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66069" title="Analecta entomologica." year="1823">Dalman, 1823</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A47864F3C3717F8C653A8FB64D4D08D">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="8CC6688F4CDDB3926A7631898B66A7D8">
<treatmentCitation id="7F5FFF5722707668450FB69511DD31B6">
<taxonomicName id="4149FB2048E5CCCB19ED9007606AC538" ID-CoL="8WBXB" authority="Dalman, 1823" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Anacharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5BAB6727651DE6BD6557D419727BAE1B" italics="true">Anacharis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A1438C4539C2A1F0854F76022ED55CA1" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.66069" author="Dalman JW" journalOrPublisher="Typis Lindhianis, Holmiae" refId="B19" refString="Dalman JW (1823) Analecta entomologica. Typis Lindhianis, Holmiae, 104 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66069" title="Analecta entomologica." year="1823">Dalman, 1823</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
-
<typeStatus id="067B70F64CE7640C724CA0049F4580E9">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="098E90F82178938DAC379B1392C9C118" authority="Dalman, 1818" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1818" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cynips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eucharioides">
<emphasis id="674A42A72CCC94CC82A1C3924A3AD20C" italics="true">Cynips eucharioides</emphasis>
Dalman, 1818
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63A85FF0E5F3B4779BD0EFED4DBA7859">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="545284C5D99590CC73A1BF4A83639C40">
<treatmentCitation id="689B422021368DDE7750DBB74E87DAA1">
<taxonomicName id="0A4F277D8000E0E801A282B26D459008" authority="Hartig, 1840" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Megapelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5B9AB142E8CA7DE18082C225033DE12" italics="true">Megapelmus</emphasis>
Hartig, 1840
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
-
<typeStatus id="C672F401DF4582FB57D9FCACA13C3BB9">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="0912FBD1EE7445DDDC4827F81CF8E228" authority="Hartig, 1840" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Megapelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spheciformis">
<emphasis id="70D0F7F9F1EE96B83F108B5A94B8A89B" italics="true">Megapelmus spheciformis</emphasis>
Hartig, 1840
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="AB9038B73180929B9A1EF51F241FCFC8" authority="(Dalman, 1818))" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1818" baseAuthorityName="Dalman" baseAuthorityYear="1818" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Anacharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eucharioides">
<emphasis id="29FE93D3A7547DF51712719B3A2A0F44" italics="true">Anacharis eucharioides</emphasis>
(Dalman, 1818 ))
</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C006F7506D16D020E6D74DDBF5A1836">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60C7DC984EDCAF5B5BAEF2DD2D7F3CA2">
<treatmentCitation id="AD91985CD0A220EA0B85C4FB64F1194C">
<taxonomicName id="ADCB4772416D072C6C80C21D60216F1F" ID-CoL="7R23" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Synapsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2677E27708A70C3FEE7B053E33A575CE" italics="true">Synapsis</emphasis>
Förster, 1869
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
-
<typeStatus id="CE37405B77D2DE0785D9178D71BD9300">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="96F68AEDED7BAD0319A857036DB3A591" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Synapsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquisgranensis">
<emphasis id="1D950D0D85D251C0AB37BDE32371DC23" italics="true">Synapsis aquisgranensis</emphasis>
Förster, 1869
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="DD5F0BC9F6259D1D12312003AAAAAF3D" authority="Walker, 1835" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Anacharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immunis">
<emphasis id="134D69214260905007CC48B50D8DE8FA" italics="true">Anacharis immunis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AF437AF5D2B16639B3240B3C482F0190" author="Walker F" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Magazine" pagination="518-522" refId="B67" refString="Walker F (1835) Description of Some British Species of Anacharis. Entomological Magazine 2: 518 - 522." title="Description of Some British Species of Anacharis." volume="2" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), homonymous with beetle genus
<taxonomicName id="F5905DF223508DB759ADBBBF85E0846D" ID-CoL="7R23" authority="Bates, 1868" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Synapsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0CC54E75F9A88923103BD61D8140EC18" italics="true">Synapsis</emphasis>
Bates, 1868
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="57150CC9D6B782316296A72FF12FE86C">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="22094856CCF832605776ABD400970490">
<treatmentCitation id="17560F660E31F1DC135D81CA26CE1811">
<taxonomicName id="F842D2F5354B9F0E6AE21491643554BD" authority="Dalla Torre &amp; Kieffer, 1910" authorityName="Dalla Torre &amp; Kieffer" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Prosynapsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="14447E6A37A6375976EEE9B004523E88" italics="true">Prosynapsis</emphasis>
Dalla Torre &amp; Kieffer, 1910
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
-
<typeStatus id="61D45C5A7664B42ADC718AF14B6A8EA9">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="F90281A52A8DFBCC004FD98ECB409C63" authority="(Forster, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Prosynapsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquisgranensis">
<emphasis id="E2316F8B505999CE711AD44C02FF3BD9" italics="true">Prosynapsis aquisgranensis</emphasis>
(Förster, 1869)
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="3FE658F7D9B6D11EA1DCB6F41169BA29" authority="Walker, 1835" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Anacharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immunis">
<emphasis id="2E749FD6772058CBE1BB17AF6BF975E7" italics="true">Anacharis immunis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="993E9E2C9F0EBA7B708DB0D662D1F33A" author="Walker F" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Magazine" pagination="518-522" refId="B67" refString="Walker F (1835) Description of Some British Species of Anacharis. Entomological Magazine 2: 518 - 522." title="Description of Some British Species of Anacharis." volume="2" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) - replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="B653BFF32B94A823085E9E1D8733EB82" ID-CoL="7R23" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Synapsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0ABDB4CD78F63B4460A77EC05B25F57E" italics="true">Synapsis</emphasis>
Förster, 1869
</taxonomicName>
, due to the aforementioned homonymy.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1ABG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D22E5AD484DA1F193ACE926F41A10445">
<heading id="C620A6697CB204A171B916566D495F66" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A874D6FE7F0955A6D3AC0A4F93FED86">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="14C45CC99354ADC1EA60F53581885B9E" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Anacharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00743CAC4E97D326DCC9B2C086215BC9" italics="true">Anacharis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterised by an elongate, smooth petiole (sometimes with some vague longitudinal striae, but never sculptured as in
<taxonomicName id="DE3F42906FF8806442C5E0DBC0591975" authority="Walker, 1835" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3A6AB3E1CC40332E9585ADF4BD1AED02" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="261489250C9117EEAAA1163E13A2F9FE" author="Walker F" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Magazine" pagination="518-522" refId="B67" refString="Walker F (1835) Description of Some British Species of Anacharis. Entomological Magazine 2: 518 - 522." title="Description of Some British Species of Anacharis." volume="2" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="CD55213D33A1438AACC231B39B3B428A" authority="Hartig, 1843" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="804AC4278ABF700874CE10E59AE2ECF1" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
Hartig, 1843
</taxonomicName>
). The mesoscutellum does not overhang the propodeum (as sometimes in
<taxonomicName id="EB4578707C0F73FD6F92311AE5894B2D" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="806AE3BB25D173C8E571F4F92332EDD5" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and always in
<taxonomicName id="BBAF1A5CF62F0A67EDB994C22EDD640B" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5A82C7DBC5027209AF15550B6F7BF1F" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The mesoscutellum is posteriorly rounded, never extended apically (usually pointed in
<taxonomicName id="8655ED56C2FE17C2D20D4F425D4588F3" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="878804290B0D069A67BA3DB8ACFA0797" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, pointed or extended into a spine in
<taxonomicName id="A0DF73CE1E3B1D32F1F08301D6CA6E0C" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="418009826316EBBD4ECC92D42B10EB73" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The mesoscutellum always possesses a posterior carina that separates the mesoscutellum into a dorsal and posterior surface (circumscutellar carina absent, indistinct or present in
<taxonomicName id="EEF3B4A772762C7F7FB63B04ED06B2D5" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9CD866F4F888F9911DA0CB99E20638C6" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5DDEF4C344DED4FD99B198CD16977C89" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90AF65F8E5EDC2B70B2407D031DDD76B" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The circumscutellar carina is sometimes posteriorly flanged upwards, appearing tooth-like in lateral view (never flanged upwards in
<taxonomicName id="8B86527EC0489B456C5DFF791EDD938B" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F496C219A4259F35B42523BABA29DF12" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5EA60CF7F01A58568C114505CE355E46" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E04F13162607D839AF77A0AE1C41AEA9" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, if carina is present). The mesopleural line is exhibited as a rugose and / or striate furrow, often extending from the anterior to close to the posterior margin of the mesopleuron (mesopleural sculpture in
<taxonomicName id="C82A73A7AEEBB07503271DAE80A9CCD7" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F02767D1CE34F738D9642CB6BD74CE5C" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="05852D42E1923F5C8EA159F623C21E27" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3F4CA774FC655B93AC461E553199A36" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
not concentrated in any sort of furrow but equally spread out along anterior margin, sometimes reduced to the anterior half of mesopleuron or totally absent). The metasoma is apically pointed, especially in females (metasoma apically ending more abruptly in
<taxonomicName id="EAC5C3EEA7F1A9E1A5A302E3190AE0C9" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D713A17CE5E4D44317268BC0005DFED" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="414D10FADC765EBE92D712F3AD2C1037" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="47055FDE734B1D774A1B2FC9A5493E17" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The occiput is either smooth, striolate, or striate (smooth in
<taxonomicName id="DCA2A9A0C90633CB8DA525E1E68D4C68" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1E397C0D27A6299C5EF13B0BE477967A" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="0263E18C9E826659B60B98411086D5AA" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BADB58A2B61B2CD465D4A7AFF492BDC4" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The upper face has a usually shallow to sometimes more distinct median dent (Fig.
<figureCitation id="00B5C8C80AA75809999E0A8178AE2632" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. SEM images of the heads of Anacharis typica: ZFMK - HYM- 00039676 (left: A, C, E) and Aegilips sp.: ZFMK - HYM- 00039677 (right: B, D, F) with the specifications used for the SEM imaging shown at the bottom of each image (A – D) A, B overview of the head in frontal view C, D Upper face, frontal, showing the median dent typical for Anacharis (C) and its absence in Aegilips sp. (D) E, F the compound eyes with scattered setae (cropped images from A and B respectively)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.131350.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1123411">4 C</figureCitation>
, usually absent in
<taxonomicName id="C51AA64F4E88B4F0A0C37B7AC74044D8" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DDF612FEEA010686005BF63EFC947272" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="30DC9644DA3FEF22B214065123E2E5E5" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BE20D4E7980BD0D85CD9179F2C31AB02" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Fig.
<figureCitation id="74C8EC93F75D66ECB49C138370FF7B84" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. SEM images of the heads of Anacharis typica: ZFMK - HYM- 00039676 (left: A, C, E) and Aegilips sp.: ZFMK - HYM- 00039677 (right: B, D, F) with the specifications used for the SEM imaging shown at the bottom of each image (A – D) A, B overview of the head in frontal view C, D Upper face, frontal, showing the median dent typical for Anacharis (C) and its absence in Aegilips sp. (D) E, F the compound eyes with scattered setae (cropped images from A and B respectively)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.131350.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1123411">4 D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENFBG" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8C2AA0BA4A4B2EF452ECACD442C8550B">
<heading id="971593C1182B2AD9E42760A84D86EBC3" reason="title">Etymology and grammatical gender.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C129699C62649F9F7FEE255014A2F90E">
Derived from Greek “ Ana (ἀνά, up, back, against, above, across, throughout, again, counter) ” and “ charis (Χάρις, grace, beauty, favour, loveliness) ”. Dalman describes
<taxonomicName id="1E3D3C7893829D8BF302466F95DEC9BA" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Anacharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0F420E6F95D5D302EC9C6D9E0DC15BF7" italics="true">Anacharis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as looking similar to eucharitids (
<bibRefCitation id="8A0D7135A697DB52D3620A7D4DEEF9F4" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.66069" author="Dalman" firstAuthor="Dalman" journalOrPublisher="Typis Lindhianis, Holmiae" refId="B19" refString="Dalman JW (1823) Analecta entomologica. Typis Lindhianis, Holmiae, 104 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.66069" title="Analecta entomologica." year="1823">Dalman 1823</bibRefCitation>
) and arguably wanted to emphasise them as at least a “ counterbeauty ” to the eucharitids.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9D75BB16E255579AE74EC61368520D63">
The grammatical gender of
<taxonomicName id="67802B8F36095D6F00EB6DD036249378" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Anacharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="97206E4F6CBB95E69209BF01EF3EED9D" italics="true">Anacharis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is female (as used in
<bibRefCitation id="A926C081706997DBC9EA28D0EDAC102E" author="Westwood" firstAuthor="Westwood" journalOrPublisher="Magazine of Natural History" pagination="491-497" refId="B69" refString="Westwood JO (1833) Notice of the habits of a cynipideous insect, parasitic upon the rose louse (Aphis rosae); with descriptions of several other parasitic hymenoptera. Magazine of Natural History 6: 491–497." title="Notice of the habits of a cynipideous insect, parasitic upon the rose louse (Aphis rosae); with descriptions of several other parasitic hymenoptera." volume="6" year="1833">Westwood 1833</bibRefCitation>
and discussed in
<bibRefCitation id="964B7CA4EF8738CC3C9A76E8B6C1C1FB" author="Reinhard" firstAuthor="Reinhard" journalOrPublisher="Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift" pagination="204-245" refId="B57" refString="Reinhard H (1860) Die Figitiden des mittlern Europa. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 4: 204–245." title="Die Figitiden des mittlern Europa." volume="4" year="1860">Reinhard 1860</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPGBG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="B809B0D1A2EA85DB77016C9D0812BAFF">
<heading id="4D5A4D10AA36D77F6546BD8EA56CAD27" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3C8684FEACFCA939D58CDA713343A7">
The most recent diagnoses of the genus are presented in
<bibRefCitation id="65F5F9D49B2E892522AD4511E02C000B" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" author="van Noort S &amp; Buffington ML &amp; Forshage M" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="van Noort" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-176" refId="B52" refString="van Noort S, Buffington ML, Forshage M (2015) Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera). ZooKeys 494: 1–176. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" title="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)." volume="494" year="2015">van Noort et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="1A19405B1C3822BB39B0F47CA18627C9" DOI="10.1016/j.aspen.2015.11.007" author="Mata-Casanova N &amp; Selfa J &amp; Wang Y &amp; Chen X-X &amp; Pujade-Villar J" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Mata-Casanova" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology" pagination="9-14" refId="B45" refString="Mata-Casanova N, Selfa J, Wang Y, Chen X-X, Pujade-Villar J (2016) Diversity of subfamily Anacharitinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) in China with description of a new species of Xyalaspis Hartig, 1843. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 19 (1): 9–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2015.11.007" title="Diversity of subfamily Anacharitinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) in China with description of a new species of Xyalaspis Hartig, 1843." volume="19" year="2016">Mata-Casanova et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
. The differential diagnosis presented here is a complemented version of the previous diagnoses. It aims to characterise the genus in the Western Palaearctic fauna by differentiating it against
<taxonomicName id="0970B0176AE4AE26C901215035E90DED" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aegilips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B085C5E40FBF2E1B7F6F145CA408EBAF" italics="true">Aegilips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6630B539AE3A0F57B41A78D2228789D2" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8A023A3B1FFECE74E2DC08BD2E705976" italics="true">Xyalaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which are the only other anacharitine genera known from the Western Palaearctic. The added characters have not been evaluated as to their diagnostic value for the anacharitine fauna outside the Western Palaearctic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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