1719 lines
191 KiB
XML
1719 lines
191 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.161.2016" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f159f91c-20c8-43ce-8294-bfcb4e46d3dd" ID-PMC="PMC3267475" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-161-1" ID-PubMed="22303122" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-161-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 161" ModsDocTitle="Revision of New World Species of the Shore-fly Subgenus Allotrichoma Becker of the Genus Allotrichoma with Description of the Subgenus Neotrichoma (Diptera, Ephydridae, Hecamedini)" checkinTime="1451249415532" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz" docDate="2012" docId="EEC1BD273BEC6BA951889AA6B6A61FD3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 161: 1-101" docOrigin="ZooKeys 161" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.161.2016" docTitle="Hecamedini Mathis" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FFECE426FFFF1A2FFFB5FFD73802FFA7" masterDocTitle="Revision of New World Species of the Shore-fly Subgenus Allotrichoma Becker of the Genus Allotrichoma with Description of the Subgenus Neotrichoma (Diptera, Ephydridae, Hecamedini)" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1668153118762" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of New World Species of the Shore-fly Subgenus Allotrichoma Becker of the Genus Allotrichoma with Description of the Subgenus Neotrichoma (Diptera, Ephydridae, Hecamedini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart>Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
|
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</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>161</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>101</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.161.2016</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.161.2016</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-161-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EEC1BD273BEC6BA951889AA6B6A61FD3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EEC1BD273BEC6BA951889AA6B6A61FD3" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mathis" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini Mathis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mathis 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 2. Type genus:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Haliday 1837</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[phylogeny].
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 149-160 [world catalog].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from other tribes of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gymnomyzinae">Gymnomyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of characters: Head: Arista with 3-5 dorsally branching rays, longer 2 or 3 rays subequal, inserted toward aristal base; compound eye bare of microsetulae or the latter very sparse. Thorax: Usually with a gray to silvery stripe on thorax from postpronotum through ventral portion of notopleuron; anterior supra-
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">alar</pageBreakToken>
|
||
seta lacking; posterior notopleural seta inserted at distinctly elevated position, especially as compared to anterior seta; anepisternum usually two toned, dorsal portion concolorous with mesonotum, ventral portion gray; anepisternum with 2 subequal setae inserted along posterior margin. Wing: venation of wing generally pale colored; vein R2+3 elongate, section III much shorter than section II; apical section of vein M longer than section between crossveins r-m and dm-cu; alula wide, width subequal to that of costal cell. Abdomen: Male terminalia: Pregonite either lacking or fused indistinguishably with postgonite; subepandrial sclerite lacking; postgonite generally elongate and bearing few setulae, usually only 2 are conspicuous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="phylogenetic considerations">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Phylogenetic considerations.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mathis (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mathis (subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gymnomyzinae">Gymnomyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and in his proposed phylogeny for genera within
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
and related genera comprised the most derived lineages within the tribe. In this study, we have re-examined the evidence, all morphological characters, in an attempt to discover more definitively the phylogenetic placement of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
and related taxa, especially those taxa that have been treated as subgenera within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The basic question is "What are the phylogenetic relationships (hypothetical) among taxa closely related to or within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
?" As background, we first present a summary of the evidence and relationships at the tribal level (within
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gymnomyzinae">Gymnomyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and then proceed to the evidence and our analysis of it for taxa within
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is one of six tribes now placed in the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gymnomyzinae">Gymnomyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), appears to be most closely related to the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Zatwarnicki, T" journalOrPublisher="Genus" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="65 - 119" title="A new classification of Ephydridae based on phylogenetic reconstruction (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha)." volume="3" year="1992">Zatwarnicki 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="259 - 270" title="Tronamyia, a new genus of shore-flies and a phylogenetic reassessment of the tribe Lipochaetini Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)." url="doi: 10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0259:TANGOS]2.0.CO;2" volume="97" year="2004">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
's sister-group relationship with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
is corroborated by two synapomorphies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Zatwarnicki, T" journalOrPublisher="Genus" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="65 - 119" title="A new classification of Ephydridae based on phylogenetic reconstruction (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha)." volume="3" year="1992">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zatwarnicki’s">Zatwarnicki's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1992)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characters 59 and 60): 1. Pre- and postgonites fused and/or reduced; 2. Posterior notopleural seta inserted dorsad of level of anterior seta (thoracic character 7(28) below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="tribe’s">tribe's</normalizedToken>
|
||
monophyly is confirmed by the following characters (synapomorphies are noted by an *): *1. Arista bearing 3-5 dorsally branching rays, longer 2-3 rays subequal, inserted toward aristal base (character 7(9) below); *2. Compound eye bare of microsetulae or the latter very sparse (character 8(10) below); *3. Usually with a gray to silvery stripe on thorax from postpronotum through ventral portion of notopleuron (character 6(27) below); *4. Anterior presutural supra-alar seta lacking (character 3(24) below); *5. Posterior notopleural seta inserted at distinctly elevated position, especially as compared to anterior seta (character 8(29) below); 6. Venation of wing generally pale colored; 7. Gonite present, triangular to narrowly triangular (character 13(49) below), and bearing few setulae, usually only 2 are conspicuous (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Discocerinini">Discocerinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
; lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (character 14 (50) below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
With the phylogenetic background for further study of the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gymnomyzinae">Gymnomyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
established and the monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
documented, we now proceed with the cladistic analysis and resultant relationships among the included genera, but with a few explanatory remarks first. In the presentation on genus-level relationships that follows, the characters used in the analysis are listed first.
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">Each</pageBreakToken>
|
||
character is immediately followed by a discussion to explain its states and to provide perspective and any qualifying comments about that character. After presentation of the information on character evidence, an hypothesis of the cladistic relationships is presented and briefly discussed. A detailed, species-level phylogeny is beyond the scope of this paper, especially as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto is essentially found worldwide except for the Neotropical Region, and herein we focus primarily on the New World fauna. Our intent here is to present evidence and an analysis of that evidence in an attempt to determine intermediate clusters of taxa, such as subgenera and species groups within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We have allocated all taxa within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
to one of three subgenera (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Pseudohecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudohecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudohecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and within the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
, four species groups (alium, dyna, laterale, and simplex species groups). The New World species of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
are in two of the species groups: laterale (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma bezzii" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bezzii">Allotrichoma bezzii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma deonieri" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deonieri">Allotrichoma deonieri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma dynatum" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dynatum">Allotrichoma dynatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma lacteum" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacteum">Allotrichoma lacteum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma lasiocercum" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lasiocercum">Allotrichoma lasiocercum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma occidentale" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentale">Allotrichoma occidentale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma robustum" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustum">Allotrichoma robustum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma sabroskyi" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabroskyi">Allotrichoma sabroskyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma schumanni" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schumanni">Allotrichoma schumanni</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and simplex (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma bifurcatum" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcatum">Allotrichoma bifurcatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma simplex" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">Allotrichoma simplex</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma wallowa" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wallowa">Allotrichoma wallowa</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The cladogram (Fig. 2) is the primary mode to convey relationships, and the discussion is to supplement the cladogram and is intended only to complement the latter. In the discussion of character data, a
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“0”">"0"</normalizedToken>
|
||
indicates the state of the outgroup; a
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“1”">"1"</normalizedToken>
|
||
or
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“2”">"2"</normalizedToken>
|
||
indicates the derived states. Multistate characters (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 11, 12, 15, 17, 18, 25, 31, 33, 34, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51), which comprise 46 percent of the total number, were treated as nonadditive (-), and characters. The numbers used for characters in the presentation are the same as those on the cladogram, and the sequence is the same as noted in the charac
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">ter</pageBreakToken>
|
||
matrix (Table 1). For polarization of character states within
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we used the tribes
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
Haliday and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="tribe" tribe="Discocerinini">Discocerinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina obscurella" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurella">Discocerina obscurella</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as the successive outgroups in this phylogenetic analysis.
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Runyan and Deonier (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cited six morphological characters from immature stages in their preliminary phylogenetic analysis. While these may have phylogenetic significance, we know so little about these characters for the taxa being treated that we are hesitant to use them. The majority of taxa would be represented by a question mark in the matrix, as we known virtually nothing about their distribution among related taxa. Hopefully this revision will promote further research on immature stages, including field work, and allow us to incorporate these kinds of characters into an analysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Table 1. Matrix of characters and taxa used in the cladistic analysis of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
(numbers for characters correspond with those used in the text).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<table pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="2">TAXA</th>
|
||
<th colspan="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">CHARACTERS</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">G</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">Head</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">Thorax</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">Abdomen</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina obscurella" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurella">Discocerina obscurella</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta slossonae" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="slossonae">Lipochaeta slossonae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe litorale" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litorale">Glenanthe litorale</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma chnumi" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chnumi">Elephantinosoma chnumi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia nitida" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">Diphuia nitida</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Allotrichoma) dyna" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dyna" subGenus="Allotrichoma">Allotrichoma (Allotrichoma) dyna</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Allotrichoma) alium" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alium" subGenus="Allotrichoma">Allotrichoma (Allotrichoma) alium</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Allotrichoma) laterale" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterale" subGenus="Allotrichoma">Allotrichoma (Allotrichoma) laterale</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Allotrichoma) simplex" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex" subGenus="Allotrichoma">Allotrichoma (Allotrichoma) simplex</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Neotrichoma) atrilabre" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrilabre" subGenus="Neotrichoma">Allotrichoma (Neotrichoma) atrilabre</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Figure 2. Hypothetical phylogeny of taxa within the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Numbers in parenthesis correspond with those in the text. The most parsimonious tree required 135 steps, and after implied weighting has a consistency index of 0.89, and a retention index of 0.90.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="characters used in the analysis. (running count in parenthesis)">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Characters Used in the Analysis. (running count in parenthesis)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">GENERAL</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
1 (1) Vestiture in general (nonadditive): (0) partially to mostly microtomentose (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto); (1) mostly bare, shiny (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
(secondarily bare).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
2 (2) Coloration in general (nonadditive): (0) gray to tan (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">Allotrichoma</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato (including
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
)); (1) mostly black (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
(secondarily mostly black).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">HEAD</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
1 (3) Size of pseudopostocellar setae (nonadditive): (0) normally developed (length about equal to distance between a posterior ocellus and anterior ocellus) (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) greatly reduced (length subequal to diameter of posterior ocellus) or absent (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) well developed, proclinate (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
2 (4) Position of ocellar setae (nonadditive): (0) inserted posterior to transverse alignment of anterior ocellus (most
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gymnomyzinae">Gymnomyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Gastropini">Gastropini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Gymnomyzini">Gymnomyzini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Ochtherini">Ochtherini</taxonomicName>
|
||
)); (1) inserted anterior to transverse alignment of anterior ocellus (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) not distinguished from setulae, greatly reduced or lacking (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
3 (5) Alignment of fronto-orbital setae: (0) aligned posterior to ocellar setae (most
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Ephydridae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="family">Ephydridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
except for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Atissini">Atissini</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) aligned transversely with ocellar setae (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Atissini">Atissini</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hydrelliinae">Hydrelliinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
4 (6) Relative size of fronto-orbital setae (nonadditive): (0) reclinate seta larger than proclinate seta; (1) reclinate and proclinate subequal (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) only reclinate seta well developed (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (3) not distinguished from setulae, greatly reduced or lacking (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
5 (7) Setulae on frons: (0) lacking setulae (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) bearing numerous setulae (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
6 (8) Interfrontal setae (an interfrontal seta in addition to ocellar setae, which are usually inserted more anteriorly, usually just anterior of anterior ocellus in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
): (0) lacking (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma sensu subsp. lato" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sensu" subSpecies="lato">Allotrichoma sensu lato</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) present (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
7 (9) Aristal setae (nonadditive): (0) bearing 5-10 dorsally branching rays more or less evenly along arista (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) bearing 3-5 dorsally branching rays, longer 2-3 rays subequal, inserted toward aristal base (a synapomorphy for the tribes
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Gymnomyzini">Gymnomyzini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) a brush, with short setulae both dorsally and ventrally (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
8 (10) Microsetulae on compound eye: (0) bearing microsetulae (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hydrelliinae">Hydrelliinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, probably through convergence); (1) lacking microsetulae or these very sparse (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gymnomyzinae">Gymnomyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
except for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
9 (11) Facial conformation (nonadditive): (0) distinctly but shallowly convex (Lipochaeta); (1) shallowly conically produced (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) conically protrudent and carinate dorsally (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (3) distinctly conically produced,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“tuberculate”">"tuberculate"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (4) shallowly carinate dorsally (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
10 (12) Facial coloration (nonadditive): (0) uniformly colored (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) darker between antennae, lighter, usually gray to whitish gray ventrally (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) females two toned, dark dorsally (brown to golden brown), light colored ventrally; males generally uniformly dark colored (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (3) patterned, black with vertical, silvery white microtomentose stripes and dots (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
11 (13) Facial coloration: (0) not sexually dimorphic (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) sexually dimorphic females two toned, dark dorsally (brown to golden brown), light colored ventrally; males are generally uniformly dark colored (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
12 (14) Facial vestiture: (0) generally microtomentose (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) generally bare except for silvery white microtomentose stripes and dots (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
13 (15) Genal seta (nonadditive): (0) present, distinct from other setulae if the latter are present (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) absent (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) several setulae but not distinct seta (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
14 (16) Genal height (eye-to-cheek ratio): (0) 0.27 and less (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) 0.34 and greater (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
15 (17) Width of oral margin (nonadditive): (0) moderately wide (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) narrow (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) wide (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
16 (18) Shape of ventral margin of face (nonadditive): (0) flat or nearly so (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) shallowly emarginate (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) distinctly emarginate anteriorly, concave with clypeus exposed in emargination. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
17 (19) Palpal color: (0) dark colored, brown to blackish brown (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) pale, yellowish to whitish (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
18 (20) Shape of mouthparts: (0) normally developed, mediproboscis not especially elongate (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Neotrichoma</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) geniculate, with elongate mediproboscis (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
19 (21) Clypeal vestiture: (0) microtomentose, usually gray (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (P.) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto); (1) thinly microtomentose or bare, appearing black (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">THORAX</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
1 (22) Number of rows of acrostichal setae, especially on posterior half: (0) 3-4 rows (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
(greatly reduced and difficult to discern),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) 2 rows (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato). There is a tendency for less rows of setulae on the anterior half of the scutum. We numbered rows on one side and from the posterior half of the scutum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
2 (23) Prescutellar acrostichal setae: (0) present (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) greatly reduced or absent (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
3 (24) Presutural supra-alar seta (additive): (0) present (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) greatly reduced or absent (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) secondarily reversed (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto). In
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this seta is only slightly larger than surrounding setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
4 (25) Number of lateral scutellar setae (nonadditive): (0) 2 pairs (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) 3 pairs (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) not distinguished from setulae, greatly reduced or lacking (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
5 (26) Number of setulae on scutellar disc: (0) 0 to a few scattered setulae, less than 15 (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) numerous setulae, more than 20, evenly scattered (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
6 (27) Pleural stripes: (0) lacking stripes (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) with a stripe (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
7 (28) Anterior notopleural seta: (0) present, subequal to posterior seta (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) greatly reduced or absent (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
8 (29) Position of posterior notopleural seta: (0) inserted at same level as anterior seta (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) inserted a more dorsal position from level of anterior seta (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also many
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="tribe" tribe="Atissini">Atissini</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hydrelliinae">Hydrelliinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, probably by convergence).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
9 (30) Anepisternal setulae: (0) reduced (less than 10) and/or lacking (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) numerous present, especially on dorsal 1/3 (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The usual condition is for none
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
|
||
a few setulae in addition to the two setae along the posterior margin. If present, the setulae are usually toward the center on the dorsal half.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
10 (31) Katepisternal seta (nonadditive): (0) present, well developed (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) absent (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) absent (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
11 (32) Color of wing membrane: (0) hyaline (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto); (1) lacteous (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
12 (33) Tibial coloration (nonadditive): (0) tibiae mostly to entirely dark, similar to femora (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) mostly yellow, similar to basal tarsomeres, at most with thin investment of mostly white microtomentum (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) foretibia especially mostly grayish, only apices of foretibia mostly yellow (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
13 (34) Adornment of posteroventral surface of forefemur (nonadditive): (0) bearing 5-7 setae on apical 1/2-2/3 (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) setae lacking or with just 1-3 along this surface (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (2) setae along this surface greatly enlarged (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
14 (35) Tarsomere 1 of foreleg: (0) lacking black setae at base of posteroventral surface (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) bearing 2 or 3 black setae inserted toward base of posteroventral surface (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
15 (36) Setae at base of tarsomere 1 of hindleg: (0) mostly yellow (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato); (1) 2-4 black setae inserted near base on anteroventral surface (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ABDOMEN</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
1 (37) Number of abdominal tergites normally visible in ♂: (0) 5 abdominal tergites usually exposed and visible, none wholly retracted into preceding tergite (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) only 4 abdominal tergites generally exposed and visible, tergite 5 mostly to wholly retracted within tergite 4 (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
2 (38) Relationship of tergite 5 and sternite 5 (additive): (0) tergite separate from ventral sternite (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) tergite 5 moderately narrow, forming a complete ring, especially anteriorly, with sternite (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) tergite relatively narrow, forming a tube-like structure, sternite 5 reduced (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto (= alium, laterale, and simplex groups)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">3</pageBreakToken>
|
||
(39) Length of tergite 5 of ♂ (nonadditive): (0) tergite relatively short (length usually less than tergite 4), comparatively wide, trapezoidal and/or triangular (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) tergite 5 comparatively short, band-like (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) tergite moderately long (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (3) tergite 5 comparatively long (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
4 (40) Presence or absence of relatively large, anterior, digitiform, paired apodemes of tergite 5 of ♂: (0) absent (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato; (1) present (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma dyna" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dyna">Allotrichoma dyna</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. from Namibia (incertae sedis)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
5 (41) Condition of ventral margin of tergite 5 of ♂: (0) simple, unadorned (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
): (1) with a ventral tergal process (these structures are paired, i.e., one on each side, and are apparently tergal in origin;
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
6 (42) Condition of sternite 5 of ♂: (0) simple, an unadorned, flat sclerite, lacking a medial process (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) bearing a medial, unpaired structure with apical setulae (an autapomorphy of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
7 (43) Shape of cerci (nonadditive): (0) length normal, not longer than epandrium, oval (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma dyna" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dyna">Allotrichoma dyna</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) length normal, not longer than epandrium, extensively fused laterally and ventrally with epandrium (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma alium" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alium">Allotrichoma alium</taxonomicName>
|
||
group); (2) cerci greatly elongate, curved laterally, thinly developed (an autapomorphy of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma simplex" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">Allotrichoma simplex</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto); (3) cerci greatly elongate, robustly developed, especially apically (an autapomorphy of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma laterale" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterale">Allotrichoma laterale</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
8 (44) Vestiture of cerci (nonadditive): (0) not bearing elongate setae at ventral margin (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) ventral margin bearing conspicuously longer setae (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma alium" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alium">Allotrichoma alium</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma laterale" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterale">Allotrichoma laterale</taxonomicName>
|
||
groups); (2) ventral margin bearing 2 elongate setae (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (3) 2-4 short setae at ventral apex of cercus (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma simplex" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">Allotrichoma simplex</taxonomicName>
|
||
group).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
9 (45) Condition of surstylus (nonadditive): (0) separate from epandrium (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) lost or fused indistinguishably with epandrium (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) secondarily separate from epandrium (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. from Namibia (incertae sedis)); (3) fused to ventral margin of epandrium+cercus complex (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (4) fused to ventral margin of epandrium (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma laterale" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterale">Allotrichoma (laterale</taxonomicName>
|
||
and simplex groups); (5) secondarily fused indistinguishably with epandrium (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma alium" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alium">Allotrichoma alium</taxonomicName>
|
||
group).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">10</pageBreakToken>
|
||
(46) Size of surstylus (nonadditive): (0) large, distinct (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) greatly reduced, rodlike (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. from Nimibia (incertae sedis)); (2) greatly reduced, lobelike (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (3) moderately reduced, usually narrow (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto); (4) size not evident (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
11 (47) Shape of Phallapodeme (nonadditive): (0) typical, roughly quadrate to broadly triangular (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) narrowly triangular (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) triangular with concave sides, producing narrow, digitiform-like extensions (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato without
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Pseudohecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudohecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudohecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
12 (48) Relationship of phallapodeme to base of aedeagus: (0) separate but approximate (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato without
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) phallapodeme fused to base of aedeagus (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
13 (49) Shape of gonite (nonadditive): (0) broadly to moderately triangular (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) with an anterobasal process (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) narrowly rectangular to almost tubular (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto); (3) lacking a gonite (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
14 (50) Apical gonal setulae (nonadditive): (0) several setulae, especially along dorsal margin (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) 2 setulae, usually 1 apical, the other apicoventral (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto); (2) 1 subapical setulae (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (3) 3 setulae, 2 dorsal and 1 subapical (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (4) 3 setulae (2 apicodorsally, 1 subapical) or 2 setulae (both apical) (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (5) gonite and setulae lacking (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (6) 1 apical setula (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
15 (51) Shape of aedeagus (nonadditive): (0) tubular (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominale" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) abdominale</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salubre" subGenus="Pseudohecamede">Allotrichoma (Pseudohecamede) salubre</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) narrowly elongate (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (2) conspicuously arched (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
16 (52) Apical aedeagal flap: (0) lacking, simple (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) present (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
17 (53) Ejaculatory apodeme: (0) lacking (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
); (1) present (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="analysis and results">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Analysis and results.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Using the implicit enumeration (ie*) option of Hennig86 and TNT, which is an exhaustive search, 29 most parsimonious trees were generated from the analysis of the 53 characters. The cladograms have a length of 135 steps and consistency and retention indices of 0.64 and 0.65 respectively. The matrix was then subjected iteratively to successive weighting (xs w, ie*, cc) to determine a
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="character’s">character's</normalizedToken>
|
||
contribution or weight (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carpenter, JM" journalOrPublisher="Cladistics" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="291 - 296" title="Choosing among multiple equally parsimonious cladograms." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.1988.tb00476.x" volume="4" year="1988">Carpenter 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dietrich, CH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 16" title="Two new neotropical treehopper genera and investigation of the phylogeny of the subfamily Membracinae (Homoptera: Membracidae)." volume="97" year="1995">Dietrich and McKamey 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We also used the implicit weighting option in TNT. The successive weighing stabilized at 559 steps, and with stabilization, the consistency and retention indices increased to 0.89 and 0.90, respectively. Both successive and implicit weighting schemes resulted in the same
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="start">two</pageBreakToken>
|
||
cladograms. One of these cladograms is identical to one of the 29 original trees and is our cladogram of choice (Fig. 2), being one of the most parsimonious cladograms. The two cladograms only differ in the terminal relationships of the simplex species group, i.e., whether it forms a tritomy or whether the simplex group is the sister group to the other species groups in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The analysis of characters for this cladogram is given in Table 2 and the weights of the various characters are given in Table 3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
In summary and as indicated on the cladogram (Fig. 2), the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a monophyletic lineage (unambiguous synapomorphies 10 and 37) that is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the outgroup), and these two tribes together (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipochaetini">Lipochaetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are particularly well supported (synapomorphies 7, 18, 21, 24, 29, 34, and 39). The typology of the genera within
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including subgenera within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
, forms a stepwise hierarchy, beginning with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the sister group
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="16" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
|
||
all other genera (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="An International Journal of Zoology" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="803 - 812" title="A review of Diphuia (Diptera: Ephydridae) with description of two new species from southern Brazil. Zoologia." volume="27" year="2010">Mathis and Marinoni 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, for a review and further discussion of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
), followed by the subgenera within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mathis 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a revision and further discussion of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The next lineage in the hierarchy is
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
, an Old World genus (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="562 - 570" title="A revision of the shore fly genus Elephantinosoma Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)." volume="89" year="1987">Mathis and Deeming 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, for a revision and further discussion of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
.), followed by
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is likewise an Old World genus.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which we continue to accord generic status following recent precedent, now includes six species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Entomology" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="127 - 139" title="A revision of the subgenus Eremotrichoma Soika of the shore fly genus Allotrichoma Becker (Diptera, Ephydridae)." volume="19" year="1986 a">Mathis 1986a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Canzoneri, S" journalOrPublisher="Societa Veneziana di Scienze Naturali - Lavori" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="65 - 67" title="Allotrichoma (Eremotrichoma) meridionale sp. nov." volume="14" year="1989">Canzoneri and Vienna 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Krivosheina, MG" journalOrPublisher="Russian Entomological Journal" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="87 - 88" title="New Data on the shore-flies of the genus Eremotrichoma Soika (Diptera Ephydridae)." volume="1" year="1992">Krivosheina 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
All further lineages (from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the end), which are the more derived lineages, are interpreted to be the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the names of taxa denoting subgenera and species groups. This follows the precedent of
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mathis (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mathis and Zatwarnicki (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is a new subgenus being proposed herein, is the first lineage within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is the sister-group to the remaining subgenera and species groups. The monophyly of this
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
is well established, as is its immediate sister-group, the node giving rise to the subgenera
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Pseudohecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudohecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudohecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mathis 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, for a revision and further discussion of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Pseudohecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudohecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudohecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Likewise, note that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Pseudohecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudohecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudohecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
are well established and well documented subgenera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
In parenthetic notation, the relationships on the cladogram are as follows: (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Discocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ((
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lipochaeta" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lipochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Glenanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glenanthe" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glenanthe</taxonomicName>
|
||
), (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diphuia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ((
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede albicans" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicans">Hecamede albicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede nuda" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">Hecamede nuda</taxonomicName>
|
||
), (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma chnumi" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chnumi">Elephantinosoma chnumi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Eremotichoma" lsidName="Eremotichoma perspiciendum" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species" species="perspiciendum">Eremotichoma perspiciendum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (Neotrichoma atrilabre, ((Pseudohecamede abdominale, Pseudohecamede salubre), (Allotrichoma simplex group, (Allotrichoma laterale group, (Allotrichoma dyna group, Allotrichoma alium group))))))))))).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="6F5D92113A0543BD9DCC6A09BBC31E2A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6F5D92113A0543BD9DCC6A09BBC31E2A" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Table 2. Analysis of characters based on the cladogram (Figure 2).</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<table pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">1</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">2</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">3</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">4</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">5</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">6</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">7</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">8</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">9</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">10</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">11</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">12</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">13</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="85A48E647076A8D36782CE4AB67D1123" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/85A48E647076A8D36782CE4AB67D1123" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Table 3. Weights (1-10) and status (i.e., nonadditive -; inactive]) of characters after successive weighing.</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<table pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">Character No.</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">1</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">2</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">3</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">4</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">5</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">6</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">7</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">8</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">9</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">10</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">11</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="key to genera of hecamedini mathis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Key to Genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="tribe" tribe="Hecamedini">Hecamedini</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mathis
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<table lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Elephantinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elephantinosoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elephantinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hecamede" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hecamede" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hecamede</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Eremotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Diphuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diphuia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">Diphuia</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Allotrichoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotrichoma" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotrichoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |