treatments-xml/data/EE/93/22/EE932283198415E08CC91A1F8530CE60.xml

197 lines
24 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="9650" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d3b857f7-25c1-4b21-9d39-4510ab675fca" ID-PMC="PMC7655787" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-983-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53" ID-PubMed="33244289" ID-ZooBank="7DED4CE2934C4539945F758930C927F9" ModsDocID="1313-2970-983-1" checkinTime="1604475085656" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Sarah M., Beaver, Roger A. &amp; Cognato, Anthony I." docDate="2020" docId="EE932283198415E08CC91A1F8530CE60" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 983: 1-442" docOrigin="ZooKeys 983" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" docTitle="Xyleborus bidentatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53" masterDocTitle="A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China" masterLastPageNumber="442" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732888464283" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="9F0B62ADF8E4F03C28011CC82D395429" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="D2A19F66650082A6B80CAACDA4487931">
<mods:title id="87E5A6E18F403E6962ACF8929F8C94A1">A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="DB59587C6B1FAFC32CA40F053C34A853" type="personal">
<mods:role id="72A5293ADD64ED4941F82AEAA11B0779">
<mods:roleTerm id="D146F3ED92F0E2F45CD2A2E2802E11FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AC123C9C44D629D01B21EFC608C347C6">Smith, Sarah M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1C127DEAE65BD5E661FBD831B717E493">Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="58746D7372BE8428E9493A68FA85D967" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-3736</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0EAB027431D69A7D2D4A71FAA109E4A8" type="email">camptocerus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="86FF702953F41C3F4EF5E0BB5436BE76" type="personal">
<mods:role id="831F33BEB686ADA9DF46B4FA38B2CAD5">
<mods:roleTerm id="2B6ECBB77C7261292CFCA11CEECA87BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6F32AD30E634B1836F5BDAF3C7CDF90C">Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F2CE915C7F129C3913EB637F012DA922">161 / 2 Mu 5, Soi Wat Pranon, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai 50180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="06A84415461727AD885849ED3BA0706F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2881B27BF29AC0E714DB570131B31B3C">
<mods:roleTerm id="403E16E5D570C4FBBEDE504FE69A30B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2078C59D212D3A76B6BCCCD4231E92B6">Cognato, Anthony I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D25B4C3B94FC375486CA66E81C016A03">Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="DB974B8F9EFDB05C1517F1968A35D6E5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="FC77B2680C3476E68C8839D152B42A58" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="DB5BC5B14561FA746D3DC60D18ED0047">
<mods:title id="B230B0AFE96CFB925766F93DBBFD6F73">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="59A32E5C4F30BDEF9EF4F83FCC2EA812">
<mods:date id="FD193B2219BE6FA359D2B3247B7EC641">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="59C0A47893806C0B658C7DF5692151C5" type="volume">
<mods:number id="AA38BA24F5C9B8C2D490B6D7ED31E0D1">983</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="47A85B291BAC9B8B4E7411A5371D97B8" unit="page">
<mods:start id="983C16916045703A31E64379A675CBC6">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="1A681EAF91B2F5FBB23AF2B04321E3B3">442</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="3B665B85F3702374BDB302571F36AC54">
<mods:url id="2EC7FF5B43E931AD35018A1CB9E1BC8F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="2C209ECB9A49F5B9DF880E2B30272FBA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4F17F3B4BB06D1829372D49A256EF1D1" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D55620F2329E7C413BA7883BD3101547" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-983-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9D4582B91F78A377C115B3049B6C2E4E" type="ZooBank">7DED4CE2934C4539945F758930C927F9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9774D5FE14F5ED7C5FFFFC63D2307BDD" type="Pensoft-UUID">C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="EE932283198415E08CC91A1F8530CE60" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168754771" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EE932283198415E08CC91A1F8530CE60" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EE932283198415E08CC91A1F8530CE60" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Curculionidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Scolytinae">
<subSubSection id="FC2DC56BC45374025F91B8E6A52926EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="30A86DF44D1853D1E2E598BDBCA66A77" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="43531B727F5B8A986215F2DF5F173A4B" ID-CoL="5CHJK" authority="(Motschulsky, 1863)" baseAuthorityName="Motschulsky" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus bidentatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentatus">Xyleborus bidentatus (Motschulsky, 1863)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="01AB2C8CC8E892DEA4D9AC124BA4951F" captionStart="Figure 88" captionStartId="F88" captionText="Figure 88. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Xyleborus affinis, 2.2 - 2.5 mm (A, B, I), X. bidentatus, 3.4 - 3.5 mm (C, D, J), X. cognatus, 2.8 - 3.1 mm (E, F, K), and X. ferrugineus, 2.5 - 3.1 mm (G, H, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.983.52630.figure88" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/470888" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 88C, D, J</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DA71F201A4822E23A3F97E034C2BFFCC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4945CBF860107CD54D389FCF6BC52418" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="1B8E4B93B00E179286DC9BE54B077568" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phloeotrogus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phloeotrogus bidentatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentatus">Phloeotrogus bidentatus</taxonomicName>
Motschulsky, 1863: 514.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="21688BB8FC5A0B78501E97BBED119583" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="38EB3C8FA8650926CB00C6292CD55C6B" baseAuthorityName="Motschulsky" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus bidentatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentatus">Xyleborus bidentatus</taxonomicName>
(Motschulsky):
<bibRefCitation id="BD9484B56C1357C338CEAE6B287D0ECD" author="Eichhoff, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B148" refString="Eichhoff, WJ, 1878b. Ratio, descriptio, emendatio eorum Tomicinorum qui sunt in Dr medic. Chapuisii et autoris ipsius collectionibus et quos praeterea recognovit scriptor. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege, Serie 2e, 8: 1-531. [pls. I-V.]" title="Ratio, descriptio, emendatio eorum Tomicinorum qui sunt in Dr medic. Chapuisii et autoris ipsius collectionibus et quos praeterea recognovit scriptor. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege, Serie 2 e, 8: 1 - 531. [pls. I-V.]" year="1878 b">Eichhoff 1878b</bibRefCitation>
: 505.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="237B3615900142FE967ADD49D2B4849E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C84012CAFBE36BD59E9643C5D1783F75" authorityName="Eichhoff" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus subcostatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostatus">Xyleborus subcostatus</taxonomicName>
Eichhoff, 1869a: 281. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation id="0EC6D46354B77CB1CA0A63AE32979F4C" author="Hulcr, J" journalOrPublisher="Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B205" refString="Hulcr, J, Cognato, AI, 2013. Xyleborini of New Guinea: A Taxonomic Monograph. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham" title="Xyleborini of New Guinea: A Taxonomic Monograph." year="2013">Hulcr and Cognato 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 150.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="996BFDC7324710188DAC3840E3873DD7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E17EA29A273BAD5E5D8DEF910C271810" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus riehlii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riehlii">Xyleborus riehlii</taxonomicName>
Eichhoff, 1878b: 346. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation id="93131D2FC5BE1F4B23B1BAB9511EE6C1" author="Schedl, KE" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Entomologia de Mocambique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 594" refId="B399" refString="Schedl, KE, 1963a. Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band II. Familie Scolytidae (Fortsetzung), Unterfamilie Ipinae (Fortsetzung). Revista de Entomologia de Mocambique 5: 1 - 594" title="Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band II. Familie Scolytidae (Fortsetzung), Unterfamilie Ipinae (Fortsetzung)." volume="5" year="1963 a">Schedl 1963a</bibRefCitation>
: 282.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1728FDFBCD0CB9D19D0FDEE0D72402A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="9C193922CC604532023105841CAB722F" authorityName="Blandford" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Progenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Progenius fleutiauxi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">Progenius fleutiauxi</taxonomicName>
Blandford, 1896a: 21. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation id="C41090EC79A195FF0EC035D0DBA4F28B" author="Hulcr, J" journalOrPublisher="Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B205" refString="Hulcr, J, Cognato, AI, 2013. Xyleborini of New Guinea: A Taxonomic Monograph. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham" title="Xyleborini of New Guinea: A Taxonomic Monograph." year="2013">Hulcr and Cognato 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 150.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FEEFB7057C3AA77A1F3614591DE0C468" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="18E67D848EAC814359817ACA3CE0FDB7" authorityName="Blandford" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus laeviusculus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeviusculus">Xyleborus laeviusculus</taxonomicName>
Blandford, 1896a: 21. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation id="77A901FCF90C5E85F200453F3ADFCAC3" author="Schedl, KE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Blaetter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="103 - 112" refId="B396" refString="Schedl, KE, 1960b. Zur Synonymie der Borkenkaefer, V. 181. Beitrag zur Morphologie und Systematik der Scolytoidea. Entomologische Blaetter 56: 103 - 112" title="Zur Synonymie der Borkenkaefer, V. 181. Beitrag zur Morphologie und Systematik der Scolytoidea." volume="56" year="1960 b">Schedl 1960b</bibRefCitation>
: 108.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B65EA720CAFEF29DBAF0DF5C10D8C9CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="A8E24CB63FB78D7FD87BD6E76978B8BE" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Boroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boroxylon stephegynis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stephegynis">Boroxylon stephegynis</taxonomicName>
Hopkins, 1915a: 58. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation id="51D15F1585D84A5F93AC9D8AA29E2C49" author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Insects of Micronesia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 73" refId="B474" refString="Wood, SL, 1960. Coleoptera: Platypodidae and Scolytidae. Insects of Micronesia 18: 1 - 73" title="Coleoptera: Platypodidae and Scolytidae." volume="18" year="1960">Wood 1960</bibRefCitation>
: 54.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F3B468D5601FB8415234CA1DECE80AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="7B873BF42CE25498BA3A95966C6D7FB2" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Boroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boroxylon webbi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="webbi">Boroxylon webbi</taxonomicName>
Hopkins, 1915a: 59. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation id="76E6CEDB934284848983B45CED5B0882" author="Hulcr, J" journalOrPublisher="Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B205" refString="Hulcr, J, Cognato, AI, 2013. Xyleborini of New Guinea: A Taxonomic Monograph. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham" title="Xyleborini of New Guinea: A Taxonomic Monograph." year="2013">Hulcr and Cognato 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 150.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5DD30BCD779BDABC4A084A00F06F4C2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="61DD98C717CE30DE5CB73468DCDD7351" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus subcostatus subsp. dearmatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subcostatus" subSpecies="dearmatus">Xyleborus subcostatus dearmatus</taxonomicName>
Eggers, 1923: 205. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation id="271167C12D31E747D088E6396CD90FA1" author="Hulcr, J" journalOrPublisher="Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B205" refString="Hulcr, J, Cognato, AI, 2013. Xyleborini of New Guinea: A Taxonomic Monograph. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham" title="Xyleborini of New Guinea: A Taxonomic Monograph." year="2013">Hulcr and Cognato 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 150.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6BA730ABF62D290B4E3676603E8B7D71" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="675E8B586908954A9E7D1D0B19280660" authorityName="Eggers" authorityYear="1930" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus brevidentatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevidentatus">Xyleborus brevidentatus</taxonomicName>
Eggers, 1930: 190. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation id="A8C3BCE3174CEE7406D6C8A31D82B087" author="Schedl, KE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Blaetter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="103 - 112" refId="B396" refString="Schedl, KE, 1960b. Zur Synonymie der Borkenkaefer, V. 181. Beitrag zur Morphologie und Systematik der Scolytoidea. Entomologische Blaetter 56: 103 - 112" title="Zur Synonymie der Borkenkaefer, V. 181. Beitrag zur Morphologie und Systematik der Scolytoidea." volume="56" year="1960 b">Schedl 1960b</bibRefCitation>
: 107.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445C65C34FBD424161A1170C89459EF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C62AACD8EC4B0CC777172DD7FE26E021" authorityName="Eggers" authorityYear="1930" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus quadridens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadridens">Xyleborus quadridens</taxonomicName>
Eggers, 1930: 191. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation id="BEB32FF150062789AB78033C2ED3CACB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22642" author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="The Great Basin Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 185" refId="B487" refString="Wood, SL, 1989. Nomenclatural changes and new species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera), part IV. The Great Basin Naturalist 49: 167 - 185, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22642" title="Nomenclatural changes and new species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera), part IV." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22642" volume="49" year="1989">Wood 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 176.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DDC1946F35345AA6C6D1DEE26D69A89" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="32FCCF1EAE77BB7A12811845AFE28A2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DBC849B6E5B6698F27C03F4C2EEC4338" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C8087C9D61D149653D4AEBFF3EFC3B2F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="457506524A42242BD5569114B0AAE1B1" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Boroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boroxylon stephegynis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stephegynis">
<emphasis id="E6FBBF6EC640355D04BA421AE45C00CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boroxylon stephegynis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NMNH).
<emphasis id="7C4C1C9573447001B9F6F0FB4B8D3B1D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="620AD1365004083E29DBBBFCB05FA88A" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Boroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boroxylon webbi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="webbi">
<emphasis id="8489D0B4578FBF0184774FF198CFAF06" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boroxylon webbi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NMNH).
<emphasis id="8242C2AE9A3C7C518D327DA88B1EBC04" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AC2C122E32276BA37D4F87BF1BF2BECC" authorityName="Eggers" authorityYear="1930" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus brevidentatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevidentatus">
<emphasis id="B1F20FDE8480F0AE010BB18FDC4222BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xyleborus brevidentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(FRI),
<emphasis id="E70DD54682EC66DB9E1B3ABDFEB1A2FC" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">paratype</emphasis>
(NMNH).
<emphasis id="F4B1CE4254CEA90DF448069DF9F87660" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B09908DC3C7EFF1D8B88F603B159878B" authorityName="Eggers" authorityYear="1930" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus quadridens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadridens">
<emphasis id="17AB33E2663EB206EB808F0351300C0F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xyleborus quadridens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(FRI).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DAA0233C7B1F037C7D87426E6DB1E970" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6F4CF251049D0EA93183E4F770E470BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8EE9D754D7CECA27F491F906B3A518E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
3.4-3.5 mm long (mean = 3.48 mm; n = 5); 2.5-2.69
<normalizedToken id="A2F0F799FC467DECD2A7EB83489E941D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. This species is distinguished by the acuminate elytral apex; elytra broadest at apical 1/3; declivity gently sloped, almost concave near apex; protibiae slender, abruptly broadened and triangular on distal 1/3, apical mucro very large, prominent; pronotum quadrate (type 4) when viewed dorsally, anterior margin conspicuously extended anteriad with prominent serrations; pronotum strongly asperate on apical 1/2, disc weakly serrate; declivital interstriae 2 with a large spine; and large size.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CA511B0FA3DBB4167E8484FF87A6FF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="similar species">
<paragraph id="5965C9913ADC43AD500D01D9AA3469C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Similar species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1501315E327D3CEB06FFBC0C3763C7AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="728AEA86CDDA3323F67D30C6CE848DEA" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ambrosiodmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ambrosiodmus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9C0E5ED1C804BA3C8E97FFE0D87E1B85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ambrosiodmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="718FA52F08D5ECED99E3C946890AE3A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3037DD0F051ABD9701D45ED5CFEC2C37" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="668941D0898CB75D9EDD87F81084CE21" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Australia,
<normalizedToken id="CDFCBDC54907773CB0DE57619432D492" originalValue="Borneo">'Borneo'</normalizedToken>
, India (Andaman Is, Nicobar Is, West Bengal), Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi, Maluku, Sumatra, Sumbawa), East &amp; West Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Palau, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. Also recorded from East Africa and Madagascar.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D57EE52AB740CFA086997752F017898F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph id="F4F68E5985B926BA74B48B171B9DA03A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plants.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1666E9CF5C2A2EAD4FAA71B90FC6BE5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Polyphagous (
<bibRefCitation id="CFEC4BAAA20E2730B5BBEC9408829090" author="Schedl, KE" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Entomologia de Mocambique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 594" refId="B399" refString="Schedl, KE, 1963a. Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band II. Familie Scolytidae (Fortsetzung), Unterfamilie Ipinae (Fortsetzung). Revista de Entomologia de Mocambique 5: 1 - 594" title="Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band II. Familie Scolytidae (Fortsetzung), Unterfamilie Ipinae (Fortsetzung)." volume="5" year="1963 a">Schedl 1963a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CA6C812AE103804D83BF056B2E143125" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="0D72C887ABFFE2170BC49AA313E85979" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC05C9DB224D2D26BDBBDDAE23B6EC49" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="45A156F98EE8C4D35894BE079DB4FFC4" author="Murphy, DH" journalOrPublisher="Mangrove Ecosystems Occasional Papers" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="5 - 8" refId="B282" refString="Murphy, DH, Meepol, W, 1990. Timber beetles of the Ranong mangrove forests. Mangrove Ecosystems Occasional Papers 7: 5 - 8" title="Timber beetles of the Ranong mangrove forests." volume="7" year="1990">Murphy and Meepol (1990)</bibRefCitation>
suggest an association with mangroves in southern Thailand, as do
<bibRefCitation id="2703CB74571DD97D568442AD6CD20737" author="Maiti, PK" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B253" refString="Maiti, PK, Saha, N, 2004. Fauna of India and the Adjacent Countries. Scolytidae: Coleoptera (Bark- and Ambrosia-beetles) (Vol. 1). Part-1. Introduction and Tribe Xyleborini. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata" title="Fauna of India and the Adjacent Countries. Scolytidae: Coleoptera (Bark- and Ambrosia-beetles) (Vol. 1). Part- 1. Introduction and Tribe Xyleborini." year="2004">Maiti and Saha (2004)</bibRefCitation>
in the Sundarbans and Andaman Islands, but in general the species is polyphagous.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>