729 lines
75 KiB
XML
729 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="61372" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9007242a-2b0e-416a-89c9-27029f4c2a64" ID-PMC="PMC9849048" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-197-81" ID-Pensoft-UUID="37EA452A15155D1CB85CA350AF70A112" ID-PubMed="36760671" ModsDocID="1314-2003-197-81" checkinTime="1653995772258" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Santamaria-Aguilar, Daniel & Lagomarsino, Laura P." docDate="2022" docId="ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 197: 81-148" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 197" docPubDate="2022-05-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367" docTitle="Virola calimensis D. Santam. 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="37EA452A15155D1CB85CA350AF70A112" lastPageNumber="81" masterDocId="37EA452A15155D1CB85CA350AF70A112" masterDocTitle="New Species of Virola (Myristicaceae) from South America" masterLastPageNumber="148" masterPageNumber="81" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1732937733806" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="A1CDE50BE75420F015A3E1158845BB78" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D6796C675112F6FDC190987BA06B9C6B">
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<mods:title id="03FB1CE7021E8002F3FB0D92B6A48835">New Species of Virola (Myristicaceae) from South America</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8DC2D5B60D8B776130624782E4BFDE5B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="7681B536CD9D59231363B1F622BA8CE5">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A78FE436A00DB7746B3F83FF87B2A8B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3033DA5ED0FEE603A2B3A7E46BAA7375">Santamaria-Aguilar, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5A6A6BA3F64145E76A466D9EEB64F111" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6339-8250</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="D9FD64C9D5CC7CD72781EC447CD4F248">Shirley C. Tucker Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 103 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 - 1705, USA & Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="69DE7B23B370AABC74AB98AAD7D786F5" type="email">daniel.santamaria366@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E329DA228B2F4100E70841EF74301E2C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C5E86CABB67D78658E7C10B9173A6955">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1B3A73B9959C4EA2259CE49365D0B842">Lagomarsino, Laura P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B104C9C0EE213EA1DFD961E2A37B985F">Shirley C. Tucker Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 103 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 - 1705, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="07DCC9ED2E0BC27CD09A7D238B77CAC0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="EBA0B3F8F811185E0D97947147963331">
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<mods:title id="892D497B4340DDB28405D7DDD21C509E">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="46F2C66768F7554F9D0EB9A600997A02">
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<mods:date id="BF11D8D349B6BB3F382505C5627D8440">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DE80EDCF3ECB25E42FC6E245FB229851" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="76D9E315BC9237B9A1921ED72A29A4B6">2022-05-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="983A8FCD289D7CBBF18F1F415389FB64" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="AC1B8E8AD2AF023A03E928C409D48624">197</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="D90730A7409700366BE2FCF39267879B" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="6E95898B264D7B87B9D6D6821877B362">81</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="F82A0EA074E6A079A5860EF9C94383ED">148</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="1C465EF8E43F35938D0BEE7C60DE1921">
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<mods:url id="9D6663DE3C72EEB5A41E68EE644896E3">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="A8CE21DD6D7598C83AA7D62562D3EEFF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1EC43FFD34760EA9B4AD05111E133E1C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A6F38133A7D8A80C291D63E964CC67B6" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-197-81</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="33202A4B83DF5B75201259CFC297694E" type="Pensoft-UUID">37EA452A15155D1CB85CA350AF70A112</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195703428" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" scope_family="Myristicaceae">
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<subSubSection id="CF63B1CA899C6C3785E0FDDC291C1E67" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="539AAD899F6C31763E91D3AD241DAC50" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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4.
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<taxonomicName id="B690CE2B61C30C1EB5B0FE5A7B32DD2B" LSID="ED3F4679-1AD6-5D56-9DB0-52BB466B8F71" authority="D. Santam." authorityName="D. Santam." authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis" status="sp. nov.">Virola calimensis D. Santam.</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="0728EBD7505690659D710285EC52C0D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8E3668BFB5BC20A5FD13405D18627242" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="F919E239C3E1CF3B50B68564ACC8E6D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<typeStatus id="BFC28B84160208ED24E04B1C1DBE51D9">Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="150F340E71FF63E96FB0CFD82583D26A" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<materialsCitation id="F925EA3DC6093B1F3854240473096CBB" collectingDate="1984-08-03" collectorName="M. Monsalve, Fig." country="Colombia" county="Bajo Calima" elevation="100" latitude="3.9166667" location="Buenaventura" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-77.0" municipality="Pulpapel" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="A43CD78E497AE772DEBCE13784D7C5D3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<collectingCountry id="6442AADC7CF6770BF616F8E01AECE92D" name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="974174D5EF1F281B6F7FF35B882BD80A" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCounty id="9308835781525DA5846A021B5E732B68">Bajo Calima</collectingCounty>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="ED316FD6544FD269329D7C9BB177B166" originalValue="concesión">concesion</normalizedToken>
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<collectingMunicipality id="DB94F82B21F53C1680176B73F515D30C">Pulpapel</collectingMunicipality>
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/
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<location id="5E83038FC53A190E080383CDC7E4E937" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71:5E83038FC53A190E080383CDC7E4E937" country="Colombia" county="Bajo Calima" latitude="3.9166667" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-77.0" municipality="Pulpapel" name="Buenaventura" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca">Buenaventura</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="FA201BABA971DF56E9DE3A723FFF6D1F" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="3.9166667">03°55'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="0AC26379A683D2C252F7EDD93B6FFBCE" degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.0">077°00'W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="BC36A9136DB0B8A8F922BF04F7B3F392" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">
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<elevation id="F64E3E5F6C01A6D3D45CBE65A29CC1CD" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate id="40327AAAC885A6663BD0E715BAF5EA67" value="1984-08-03">03 Aug 1984</collectingDate>
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(fr),
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<emphasis id="32F95DC3656717073773E11CD502127A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<collectorName id="06067925075E0DA1184C122A94AAF750">M. Monsalve</collectorName>
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158
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="E0324551C0CE6CE7ADC5A5B3599C73D8">holotype</typeStatus>
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: MO! [accession 3624779, barcode MO-2657915]; isotype: INPA [accession 147738; image!], JAUM [accession 007410]).
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<collectorName id="35300DCB0B568527613016144DB437AD">Fig.</collectorName>
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<figureCitation id="C70350E8D6F88D8A395DC63EB73820AE" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Virola calimensis A branch with staminate inflorescence and detail of trichomes on abaxial surface B closeup of partial staminate inflorescence C staminate perianth, with detail of trichomes (left) D medial sections of staminate flower showing the internal surface and androecium, with a closeup of filament column and anthers (right) E partial infructescence and open fruit (above), showing the seed with laciniate aril. Drawn by Bobbi Angell based on C. Jativa & C. Epling 1143 (A-D MO), and M. Monsalve 158 (E MO)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688797" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">9</figureCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AA8A1F6A68BEEEB8E98304B1CF93BA6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="CB8C0C774F1735424D6A291367AAD5A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FDB189BF61B2F29C14D3A25E360BB4B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="818731250E22E2F14C69685C87FD58E2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
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<emphasis id="3D3FD840548B0B63D125143E8B7A593F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola calimensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was previously confused with
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<taxonomicName id="6EB149268DF3CC1A6A6482F73E66DD90" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calophylla">
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<emphasis id="689CA0F240DBA03CCD215CCDA7CE7174" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calophylla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A309CB687BDA6CB5A5D9FCAC09A56836" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
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<emphasis id="04A2F722586A57BAFB1B41273A1B2E66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Perhaps because of stellate, sessile trichomes and lateral veins that are well separated. Morphologically it differs from
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<taxonomicName id="8D8FFD7442E3FA0A20B3D61E55C1B666" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calophylla">
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<emphasis id="3CBF11E8C6E6C05EDF613FAD2417BD0C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calophylla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having flowers with longer staminate perianth (2.5-3.5 mm vs. 1-2.1 mm), the internal surface densely pubescent (vs. glabrescent), long anthers (0.6-1 [-1.2] mm vs. 0.4-0.5 mm), and large fruits (2.8-3.1 cm long vs. 1.6-1.5 cm). Differs from
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<taxonomicName id="F2BBA1518A891D69917C80814F99B6E8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
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<emphasis id="76844A065CED4E8CA8A963AD83AC0362" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in leaf blades abaxially densely pubescent (vs. sparsely pubescent), fruits globose (vs. ellipsoid), shorter (2.8-3.1 cm long vs. [2.7-] 3.5-4.5 cm).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C0DD919972DD688918E04638B8672A86" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<emphasis id="48F6F173E8BEBE6FAD7D66A76D907617" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Tree</emphasis>
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5-20 or 30 m tall
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<normalizedToken id="C7C488B04E8E0547142C104EB0E53D04" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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25-28 cm in diameter, inner bark described once as brown, cracked, rough.
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<emphasis id="92C5AA849EDD4228A248310EA6AD75F3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Exudate</emphasis>
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reddish, location of exudate on plant not stated, or described as being present in the inflorescence, but with no information about color.
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<emphasis id="DA167DB160F51645A7D067119536E347" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Twigs</emphasis>
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0.3-0.33 cm thick, terete or slightly compressed, inconspicuously pubescent, trichomes dendritic, sessile, brown reddish, without lenticels.
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<emphasis id="351BB317C6299A6C7C8EB5C43A4D5C0F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Leaves</emphasis>
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young terminal bud not seen; petiole 1.5-2.4
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<normalizedToken id="2EC25E1C9DB66DFC331EF71F33FBB2BF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.22-0.4 cm, slightly canaliculate, sometimes slightly winged, glabrescent, or inconspicuously tomentose to tomentulose, the trichomes dendritic; leaf blades 19-25
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<normalizedToken id="2F3055824E813D7B71E06BB3DCCBBDA2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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7.3-11 cm, widely oblong to elliptical; adaxial surface of mature leaves drying brown to olive, the surface smooth, sometimes shiny, glabrous; abaxial surface drying brown reddish to grayish brown, densely pubescent, the trichomes stellate, ca. 0.1 mm diameter, sessile, the central part of the trichome dark reddish, the branches pale reddish; lateral veins ca. 12-13 (
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<emphasis id="29D56934302F8BE34582BF085DF1EF23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">W. Devia 3086</emphasis>
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), 3-4 veins per 5 cm, spaced 1.3-2.3 cm apart, flat to slightly raised on adaxial surface, raised on abaxial surface and slightly darker than on adaxial surface, puberulent, densely tomentose to glabrescent above, densely pubescent to the sides, arcuate-ascending distally, slightly anastomosing near the margin and without forming a marked intramarginal vein; tertiary veins slightly visible on both sides; midvein adaxially slightly elevated, abaxially raised, rounded to rectangular, glabrescent to tomentose; base obtuse, not revolute, flat; margin flat; apex acuminate.
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<emphasis id="180C614AC3EDB4AA944AB1D53EA8BE1B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Staminate inflorescence</emphasis>
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6-8 cm long, axes flattened, tomentose, with trichomes dendritic, brown-reddish; peduncle 1.3-2.8
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<normalizedToken id="DAB1B318692EF1464A1925AD0DD13F97" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.28-0.4 cm; main axes with 5-11 ramifications, the first pair opposite to subopposite, the others alternate; bracts not seen.
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<emphasis id="B0A92417A277A0776CF49B81070AFFF3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
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(in bud) in lax terminal fascicles of 3-5 flowers, on a receptacle 3-5 mm wide; perianth 2.5-3.5 mm long, elongate to rhomboid, fleshy, ferruginous when fresh (probably by the trichomes), connate to 1.1-1.7 mm in length, external surface densely pubescent with ferruginous and dendritic trichomes, internal surface densely pubescent (especially in the lobes) with ferruginous trichomes; lobes 3, 1.3-2
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<normalizedToken id="DE450BDBB0A8A08BBA5E20AEBB00986F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.9-1.5 mm and 0.3-0.7 mm thick, without resinous punctuations when rehydrated; stamens 3, the filament column 0.4-0.6 (-0.8) mm long and 0.2-0.4 mm wide, glabrous, straight, not constricted at the apex; anthers 0.6-1 (-1.2) mm long and 0.2-0.3 mm wide; apiculus 0.1-0.2 mm long, acuminate, slightly separated distally.
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<emphasis id="B7EDB8A030D726FFC074ED89E225DA4C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pistillate inflorescence</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="5A92AF08A01B6A58FAD35AE581DDDF0D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">flowers</emphasis>
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unknown.
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<emphasis id="0030A149E6AD9256D826948D4FB9EA05" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Infructescence</emphasis>
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ca. 4.5 cm long, with 2 fruits, peduncle ca. 1.7
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<normalizedToken id="7C1119F6533CCB619D1B084CCA0B668D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.5 cm.
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<emphasis id="9EF023A31B34C5EB6DAC67537379D45F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Fruits</emphasis>
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ca. 3.3-4.2
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<normalizedToken id="02E870C6C716F99B351C275A56E524C5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.8-3.1 cm, color not described when fresh, globose, shortly stipitate, densely tomentose, the trichomes dendritic, sessile, ferruginous, the trichomes not falling easily like dust, the surface slightly rugose, the line of dehiscence slightly carinate, the base obtuse, the apex acute; pericarp ca. 3.8-4 mm thick; pedicel ca. 0.6 cm long.
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<emphasis id="A3D4F01288298128FCC640FEE99C2AFD" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Seed</emphasis>
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ca. 2.5
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<normalizedToken id="BB9441E94C2BE5122D3F711124951B5D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.1 cm, the testa when dry brown reddish, slightly ribbed from the base to the apex; aril color when fresh not described, blackish to brown reddish when dry, the texture dry and thin, laciniate almost to the base, in narrow bands distally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BC9415C10D1FB8EDACBC75AA8EE168AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1EC214845B88FD3DC034C88D095E2765" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Distinctive characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="100C3589A2C27D37885EDE6F45B5754E" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="B241147116820B0E5C72AA489A9D6ACF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5920ABFED06E65C2DE00E4FBDF0B66CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be recognized by its broad staminate inflorescence, few-flowered inflorescences, elongate to rhomboid, fleshy, densely pubescent perianth, very fleshy filament column and shorter (0.4-0.6 [-0.8] mm long) than the anthers (0.6-1 [-1.2] mm long), and globose, tomentose fruit with trichomes that do not fall easily and with a thick (3.8-4 mm) pericarp (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9CF14AD1B9FCD9E6CF7AB82E504D217" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Comparison of fruits of newly described Virola species, with those species that are morphologically similar to them, noting the shape, indument, a pericarp thickness A V. aguarunana (C. Diaz et al. 7195, MO) B V. alvaroperezii (D. Rubio et al. 2205, MO) C V. bombuscaroensis (J. Homeier 4507, MO) D V. calimensis (M. Monsalve 158, MO) E V. calophylla (J. J. Pipoly 15614, MO) F V. calophylloidea (S. R. Lowrie et al. 54, MO) G V. cogolloi (D. Cardenas & E. Alvarez 3239, MO) H V. macrocarpa (A. E. Lawrance 675, MO) I V. excisa (W. Palacios 3186, MO) J V. obovata (R. Vasquez & N. Jaramillo 3822, MO) K V. peruviana (D. N. Smith & V. Garcia 13841, MO). L V. parkeri (A. Monteagudo et al. 10761, MO) M V. yasuniana (A. Perez & W. Santillan 4361, MO; right and below from V. Zak & S. Espinoza 5149, MO) N V. tuckerae (A. Cogollo et al. 3924, COL). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688794" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Like other species described here, the abaxial side of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6180FB3DA9885FFCFC165CBBE4E71074" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D5E529ADCA0C99EC6F4B21E05E2741D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
' leaves are covered with stellate, sessile trichomes whose central portion is darker than the branches on their abaxial surfaces. It further has lateral veins that are well separated (1.3-2.3 cm spaced) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="90D31B0E2446D61E2BA94B4A8C53F818" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Comparation of pattern of the lateral veins and trichomes on abaxial leaf surface (below) of the newly described species of Virola and species that are morphologically similar A Virola aguarunana (C. Diaz et al. 7700 A, MO) B V. alvaroperezii (G. Tipaz et al. 1789, MO) C V. bombuscaroensis (J. Homeier 4507, MO) D V. calimensis (M. Monsalve 1769, MO) E V. calophylla (J. E. L. da S. Ribeiro et al. 1138, MO) F V. calophylloidea (C. C. Berg et al. P 18793, MO) G V. cogolloi (A. Cogollo et al. 4198, MO) H V. excisa (C. E. Ceron & F. Hurtado 4147, MO) I V. obovata (R. Vasquez & N. Jaramillo 3822, MO; below from A. [H.] Gentry & J. Revilla 20448, MO) J V. macrocarpa (A. E. Lawrence 675, K below A. E. Lawrence 675, MO) K V. parkeri (A. Monteagudo et al. 10761, MO; below from M. Huaman et al. 334, MO) L V. peruviana (W. H. Lewis et al. 10074, MO) M V. sebifera (R. Aguilar 2171, MO) N V. tuckerae (A. Cogollo et al. 4147, MO) O V. yasuniana (H. Vargas & J. Cerda 678, MO). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688792" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and a relatively long and thick petiole.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E58D9007BDF95D33E458A82F048FC180" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B78F9DD86311CE62380E4573DF66E66" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="08DF0ED8DA6F1445F5815195B5F997C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">The specific epithet of the new species refers to the Bajo Calima region (Valle del Cauca department, Colombia), the region where most specimens of this new species come from.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C0FEEB79B059E92D26B192532ABA7F7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="659368880FCC79F99C1F63542479BF12" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="28805362C9F67DA1B3A8B72F82DB70EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F321DD5D9DC049DB420DB94F624AE78" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA412FA889E0B9CD29B2CBFA64F11273" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in the Pacific coast of Colombia (Valle del Cauca department) and Ecuador (Esmeraldas province) at elevations ranging from 5 to 260 m (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="76E6FF0238B066AFC2F6807A1152E6CA" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Geographic distribution of the new species of Virola." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688806" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">18C</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to the field notes of the specimens collected in Colombia (e.g.,
|
||
<emphasis id="0A4F38BCEB9859ED4B29513D43F1763D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">M. Monsalve 158</emphasis>
|
||
), the species grows in nutrient poor soils with a high concentration of aluminum. See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C3BA0FC2F3F28F2B845E269EFF4B418" author="Gentry, AH" journalOrPublisher="Caldasia" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="71 - 91" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43406071?seq=1metadata_info_tab_contents" refId="B21" refString="Gentry, AH, 1986. Species richness and floristic composition of Choco region plant communities. Caldasia 15: 71 - 91, https://www.jstor.org/stable/43406071?seq=1metadata_info_tab_contents" title="Species richness and floristic composition of Choco region plant communities." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43406071?seq=1metadata_info_tab_contents" volume="15" year="1986">Gentry (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5770E119D0BF2DF68EE0F86F116086D8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2388682" author="Faber-Langendoen, D" journalOrPublisher="Biotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="2 - 11" refId="B19" refString="Faber-Langendoen, D, Gentry, AH, 1991. The structure and diversity of rain forests at Bajo Calima, Choco Region, Western Colombia. Biotropica 23 (1): 2 - 11, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2388682" title="The structure and diversity of rain forests at Bajo Calima, Choco Region, Western Colombia." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2388682" volume="23" year="1991">Faber-Langendoen and Gentry (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Marcano-Berti and Aymard C. (2021) for more information about this region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="024AE37D08462BFF121B5550E4FF9605" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph id="97820B2D3B593B96604E00EFE084D1DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CBD75E79D214B041A1A05C733554EF86" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Staminate flowers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BAC7342746DD478AE6450A936B6B507" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="770142B6CB8933063CA74BCA00A0586A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been recorded in March, May, June, July, and September. Fruits have been observed in June and August. Pistillate flowers were not seen in the studied material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="894977D21AADE19A8D3AFA1A2E068FD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="common name and uses">
|
||
<paragraph id="63069E7FD1D4C13EC02BB83527359331" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Common name and uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00B95FCA64C777D717921FF8AC120C14" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Cuangare (Colombia;
|
||
<emphasis id="597C78E9E40977A4C8DE4F3799729529" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">M. Monsalve 158</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E4020E8385588F1D0E48629747DA4817" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph id="1307FAD6D9A04F9CA07761BD1B6EFA4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EEA3E22C21218363A3E716116E9A985D" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67621591D158E05B96A9D6221E3DF3ED" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2A0AA406194EC021BF541E6ADDA2724" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is Endangered following IUCN criteria B1a and B2a. It is known from three localities, has an EOO of 313 km2, and an AOO of 12 km2. While its small range justifies this preliminary status,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E4CFF5AC2969D3081EBB919DE40D3D66" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE235823214EA2F96F32AABC56D09BFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
benefits from growing in regions with relatively low rates of deforestation compared to the rest of the region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FEF0F382CE45937E4462C4CA2381CDFB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab061" author="Antonelli, A" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="8 - 24" refId="B3" refString="Antonelli, A, 2022. The rise and fall of Neotropical biodiversity. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 199 (1): 8 - 24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab061" title="The rise and fall of Neotropical biodiversity." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab061" volume="199" year="2022">Antonelli 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is in part due to collective land titling by Afro-Colombian communities in Valle del Cauca, Colombia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A9BCB9A707DB03DCDB749382CD45E8B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104837" author="Velez, MA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Plant Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" refId="B88" refString="Velez, MA, Robalino, J, Cardenas, JC, Paz, A, Pacay, E, 2020. Is collective titling enough to protect forests? Evidence from Afro-descendant communities in the Colombian Pacific region. World Development 128: e104837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104837" title="Is collective titling enough to protect forests? Evidence from Afro-descendant communities in the Colombian Pacific region. World Development 128: e 104837." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104837" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2635F87DA102B0AC0E8786210C1F651F" originalValue="Vélez">Velez</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and proximity to the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0094EC75A004FE3119B5C89316FA8B0E" originalValue="Awá">Awa</normalizedToken>
|
||
Reserve (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1FDD8D25EBDA84A7D09DAD592FE8EC6C" author="Oviedo, G" journalOrPublisher="Parks" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="49 - 55" publicationUrl="https://www.iucn.org/sites/dev/files/import/downloads/parks_16_1_forweb.pdf" refId="B49" refString="Oviedo, G, 2006. Community conserved areas in South America. Parks 16 (1): 49 - 55, https://www.iucn.org/sites/dev/files/import/downloads/parks_16_1_forweb.pdf" title="Community conserved areas in South America." url="https://www.iucn.org/sites/dev/files/import/downloads/parks_16_1_forweb.pdf" volume="16" year="2006">Oviedo 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6D63DE99AEF9CBCFF8EE5510D18C236C" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="7CEC16AE5EC023BA91F9CF1297384E4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4C0C36B020767FFBC10C4C627AC7304" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Herbarium specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8103C2B7D0776DBE37905C77063544E6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7897FC1D9D7ED3329CF0B65883B39CC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were previously identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F02F01EFF2E7264627956AA60CCEC806" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B2790E41BD6BBCFDF300984F45504BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and/or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CBFDEF14028F2B1B59917EFB8A75C6AD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBF92A3DC50AD5B0C4183124DD4501F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This misidentification was probably due to characteristics shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1144B51579BEC0100EF8D77A66C7AED" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C06F881987B7880524DD796614CE7AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: stellate, sessile trichomes and lateral veins that are well separated, as well as their lax, few-flowered staminate inflorescences that are relatively wide (these traits are unknown in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEE9D5DED0E2F6CFD4C4178CC78A212D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="9ACCD10D2A4E6A21B1EC9FDECCB30690" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53F39CAE1BB5047165AC95F14E9D9349" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D4522B623F29573492FAF39546BCDAC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5EEC8E24A8A3AEE668A53375CDD91CB7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="E9E70B3CD1B04A152E0067AFB238043C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having fleshier, longer staminate perianth with indument on the internal surface and a filament column that is shorter than the anthers. The new species also differs in the size and shape of its fruit as compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9503CBC4CD4A504976E458CF3D4207AA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9990DBC3D3085236C94D3A21DD89C99" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3D1F3DE2931C8ACEC2B78973AC13632C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DB0EA215507C2FDA30942642331A018" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). A summary of the characteristics that differentiate these three species is presented in Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="DAE61595A13BDA0671FB95CAD578B3ED" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Comparison of Virola calimensis, with V. macrocarpa. † From Smith and Wodehouse (1938)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/42790465A1516E33F52516648AF0F057" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" tableUuid="42790465A1516E33F52516648AF0F057">4</tableCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<tableCitation id="C011E85AB32BF9C64157115FEF2B824C" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="T5" captionText="Table 5. Comparison of Virola calimensis, with V. calophylla." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6458C0AD5140DD73587CC28C52091664" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" tableUuid="6458C0AD5140DD73587CC28C52091664">5</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="42790465A1516E33F52516648AF0F057" ID-Table-UUID="42790465A1516E33F52516648AF0F057" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/42790465A1516E33F52516648AF0F057" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Table 4" startId="T4">
|
||
<paragraph id="914AEE68F13F2045B795EAEFE498DC7E" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="A95953F604D65E67421FC0B7DF5EB70A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Table 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="670DDB3E439E2E0DEE721096AAD45119" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EDD1803E3EEF8B9FC9C803F3CC74B435" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F94C9DB95A697D1DE0B5FE1588752517" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BCC287761A04E9A8AF0BBE2350B556" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. †From
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AFC70BCC49552C55292F8B5292015984" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2804799" author="Smith, AC" journalOrPublisher="Brittonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="393 - 510" refId="B74" refString="Smith, AC, Wodehouse, RP, 1938. The American species of Myristicaceae. Brittonia 2 (5): 393 - 510, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2804799" title="The American species of Myristicaceae." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2804799" volume="2" year="1938">Smith and Wodehouse (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="984C8158AF30468CD0A5674EE2E50197" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<table id="CA6746AD47DAB489E11CBFD07EE8A921" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<tr id="5CBCB0EC0A141FB992C18F181815EF18" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<th id="E6FBD539DA450D40B1A2C61513FAAEF1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Morphological character</th>
|
||
<th id="1FA4E9C8CEAAE48BAB731CD72BF58D97" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F37898CAC75D52121C0D101E35CDDB17" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA987F4C44E3010F3633EB178BCA2A0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="03748BCC2D85FDAB68B5968D334848E4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A860311003AD419BD7415CBD148988F0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="E51D96F6D78EB28552C807EC088BEE4D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="325407650F2E7C61788AD554E436F375" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="919A1BEC19C8F15EB5F4FE9FE6CCD0CA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Leaf blades size, and pubescence abaxially</td>
|
||
<td id="8AEB8407F242EF93126CEA5C550BD6DC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
19-25
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2D6FBFEF6A2B3F995E01FBEB30F6C859" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
7.3-11 cm; densely pubescent (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C0D7F501A3EBC09CFDE77BE9D5C0AA10" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Comparation of pattern of the lateral veins and trichomes on abaxial leaf surface (below) of the newly described species of Virola and species that are morphologically similar A Virola aguarunana (C. Diaz et al. 7700 A, MO) B V. alvaroperezii (G. Tipaz et al. 1789, MO) C V. bombuscaroensis (J. Homeier 4507, MO) D V. calimensis (M. Monsalve 1769, MO) E V. calophylla (J. E. L. da S. Ribeiro et al. 1138, MO) F V. calophylloidea (C. C. Berg et al. P 18793, MO) G V. cogolloi (A. Cogollo et al. 4198, MO) H V. excisa (C. E. Ceron & F. Hurtado 4147, MO) I V. obovata (R. Vasquez & N. Jaramillo 3822, MO; below from A. [H.] Gentry & J. Revilla 20448, MO) J V. macrocarpa (A. E. Lawrence 675, K below A. E. Lawrence 675, MO) K V. parkeri (A. Monteagudo et al. 10761, MO; below from M. Huaman et al. 334, MO) L V. peruviana (W. H. Lewis et al. 10074, MO) M V. sebifera (R. Aguilar 2171, MO) N V. tuckerae (A. Cogollo et al. 4147, MO) O V. yasuniana (H. Vargas & J. Cerda 678, MO). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688792" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="33802B1F24B2302154AB7246E9ABF659" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
20-40
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DB14E965955CDBD42FBC5B7F5269ABCE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
7-11 cm†; sparsely pubescent (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FD805DB90ED888268B0735366B99D9AB" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Comparation of pattern of the lateral veins and trichomes on abaxial leaf surface (below) of the newly described species of Virola and species that are morphologically similar A Virola aguarunana (C. Diaz et al. 7700 A, MO) B V. alvaroperezii (G. Tipaz et al. 1789, MO) C V. bombuscaroensis (J. Homeier 4507, MO) D V. calimensis (M. Monsalve 1769, MO) E V. calophylla (J. E. L. da S. Ribeiro et al. 1138, MO) F V. calophylloidea (C. C. Berg et al. P 18793, MO) G V. cogolloi (A. Cogollo et al. 4198, MO) H V. excisa (C. E. Ceron & F. Hurtado 4147, MO) I V. obovata (R. Vasquez & N. Jaramillo 3822, MO; below from A. [H.] Gentry & J. Revilla 20448, MO) J V. macrocarpa (A. E. Lawrence 675, K below A. E. Lawrence 675, MO) K V. parkeri (A. Monteagudo et al. 10761, MO; below from M. Huaman et al. 334, MO) L V. peruviana (W. H. Lewis et al. 10074, MO) M V. sebifera (R. Aguilar 2171, MO) N V. tuckerae (A. Cogollo et al. 4147, MO) O V. yasuniana (H. Vargas & J. Cerda 678, MO). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688792" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">4J</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDDECB19F97A871F24D5EB4DD9881237" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="02C21E630B2EEA5C0E0B4C312CC2710B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Spaced lateral veins</td>
|
||
<td id="05FDC5F5C1473570FB19FAA21A23C3F2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.3-2.3 cm apart</td>
|
||
<td id="7185ECECED90F5B570CB5219CEDF23BC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.7-3 cm apart</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="AF6DAEC69B6FDF1774DF7C17A1855657" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="7E0D4847E4DEC5B931A5516ABA1FBE4C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Fruit shape, and long</td>
|
||
<td id="1E5A7D2EBEA1A62808380406679D238B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
Globose, 2.8-3.1 cm (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="77A126456A9FA429A63CCE41B3F67BAA" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Comparison of fruits of newly described Virola species, with those species that are morphologically similar to them, noting the shape, indument, a pericarp thickness A V. aguarunana (C. Diaz et al. 7195, MO) B V. alvaroperezii (D. Rubio et al. 2205, MO) C V. bombuscaroensis (J. Homeier 4507, MO) D V. calimensis (M. Monsalve 158, MO) E V. calophylla (J. J. Pipoly 15614, MO) F V. calophylloidea (S. R. Lowrie et al. 54, MO) G V. cogolloi (D. Cardenas & E. Alvarez 3239, MO) H V. macrocarpa (A. E. Lawrance 675, MO) I V. excisa (W. Palacios 3186, MO) J V. obovata (R. Vasquez & N. Jaramillo 3822, MO) K V. peruviana (D. N. Smith & V. Garcia 13841, MO). L V. parkeri (A. Monteagudo et al. 10761, MO) M V. yasuniana (A. Perez & W. Santillan 4361, MO; right and below from V. Zak & S. Espinoza 5149, MO) N V. tuckerae (A. Cogollo et al. 3924, COL). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688794" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="F924DFE58E4F265EB527EC7BCB9EB9EE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
Ellipsoid, (2.7-) 3.5-4.5 cm (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D7521D00E29EFB45A284F691F85399D6" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Comparison of fruits of newly described Virola species, with those species that are morphologically similar to them, noting the shape, indument, a pericarp thickness A V. aguarunana (C. Diaz et al. 7195, MO) B V. alvaroperezii (D. Rubio et al. 2205, MO) C V. bombuscaroensis (J. Homeier 4507, MO) D V. calimensis (M. Monsalve 158, MO) E V. calophylla (J. J. Pipoly 15614, MO) F V. calophylloidea (S. R. Lowrie et al. 54, MO) G V. cogolloi (D. Cardenas & E. Alvarez 3239, MO) H V. macrocarpa (A. E. Lawrance 675, MO) I V. excisa (W. Palacios 3186, MO) J V. obovata (R. Vasquez & N. Jaramillo 3822, MO) K V. peruviana (D. N. Smith & V. Garcia 13841, MO). L V. parkeri (A. Monteagudo et al. 10761, MO) M V. yasuniana (A. Perez & W. Santillan 4361, MO; right and below from V. Zak & S. Espinoza 5149, MO) N V. tuckerae (A. Cogollo et al. 3924, COL). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688794" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">6H</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7F8E773E11BFC256D1B646A6424A48E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="C2CDF0C49EBEAA3A41257B134647CF05" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Pericarp thickness</td>
|
||
<td id="447800B2A1DCF36B4DE5499272321695" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">ca. 3.8-4 mm</td>
|
||
<td id="304AAF78BBFE8CAFCA33C9FBA5218021" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">(2.7-) 3-4.7 mm</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="1737BC74E2B68D3A0C69171922F2FF5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="1881C2988DB7467CF536A476E6FBD9A8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Seed size</td>
|
||
<td id="297E95FF5DB525C92D43F026A452406A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
ca. 2.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EE10EA8934D20E8A53CBA0B245DBAE07" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.1 cm
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="63C7A0A38C06A481038D47E72DC02BFE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
2.2-2.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2EF22A39BCA3284E5B93BE23D4E6D9EE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.5-1.7 cm†
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BED3D8B05180134D6726312F92670DFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="7F290717FA7123A2701DA3E8F7A12C13" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Habitat</td>
|
||
<td id="F2A979638C9EB09DCCB9AFFF1BA6B6B7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Lowland rain forest, Colombia (Valle del Cauca), and Ecuador (Esmeraldas), at 20 to 260 m elevation</td>
|
||
<td id="C6AEE5F1BBBC6EE7315A56117802F978" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
Montane forests, Andes of Colombia (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8A9D8400FBF1794B0DDC125657C5C876" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
|
||
), at 1100 m elevation†
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="61F93E1167C1D93F9A9F53BE2DE754B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="31A065AB07F7E5C1CAA1648741D90AD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C5824C7234CDCE23EB66003A2F5D4D92" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
The first collection of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C991E8A9B791F3F96E382D7B28872264" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EDF1B0C2F9B57B6FA9E7F044888161B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was made 76 years ago by
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6C5FBCF7688A6A6CDD9D4A9F84F67199" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cuatrecasas (
|
||
<emphasis id="F987F6D4BE9827CBF7A185EB85C50FE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">J. Cuatrecasas 17540</emphasis>
|
||
; 5-15 May 1944) in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="264891DBC6170733F0ADB759E199B711" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cajambre, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Six years later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C15C32E274A49A331E51AC4C9A24419" author="Smith, AC" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="317 - 393" refId="B71" refString="Smith, AC, 1950. Studies of South American plants, XII. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 29: 317 - 393" title="Studies of South American plants, XII." volume="29" year="1950">Smith (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
attributed this Cuatrecasas collection to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D2FE9E7FFBF21C4504823C5F8B39E08" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="83780BCAD394D6ABD2B55D7D6AD52F0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which he used to describe staminate inflorescences; however, he expressed doubt in this and stressed the need for more material, stating that this collection "
|
||
<emphasis id="F40A9B1597DB21D6E93C16F320293A46" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">has leaves considerably smaller</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="290EFA1408B9BD6AE42BEEC8507A3C7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">although similar in texture, shape, and indument</emphasis>
|
||
."
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="59913B48A85F9D039792ABCC286D90C8" author="Smith, AC" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="317 - 393" refId="B71" refString="Smith, AC, 1950. Studies of South American plants, XII. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 29: 317 - 393" title="Studies of South American plants, XII." volume="29" year="1950">Smith (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
refers to two additional collections from Colombia with very young inflorescences, which we could not study, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC288D7E662A43D268032F9D6850B21" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D6FF45A6CFF99B822F2FCA63789809" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; these are
|
||
<emphasis id="A1CFF7BDC8A4BD7608278F0997EE811B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">J. Cuatrecasas 15596, 16613</emphasis>
|
||
(A, F [as Ch]) from the Western Cordillera (1250-1400 m elevations) and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AA998ADB60987B50DB82490C71A88034" originalValue="Chocó">Choco</normalizedToken>
|
||
region (5-50 m elevations) respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6458C0AD5140DD73587CC28C52091664" ID-Table-UUID="6458C0AD5140DD73587CC28C52091664" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6458C0AD5140DD73587CC28C52091664" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Table 5" startId="T5">
|
||
<paragraph id="F1D09412398B22B53A4B24FCE9D62C1F" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="9F3498B56771E6B478F8BE4496417DC1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Table 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B3D6870316A8039F1ECF766D14E51A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AF9D5E5701073060979BA37ED2275924" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23AC32AFE832111A9E469F07DCF209A4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="09DF106FF364B8CA4E0FE039BE0291BF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E51F0B340F21717145B0FDE1D319A276" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<table id="633EA2A5CA82E25C68FD96856F7FA06B" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<tr id="28276FEB5BB25739F8F3405735F58F2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<th id="E10A1755966B895A422F6F89BE3126DE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Morphological character</th>
|
||
<th id="90A6E81A1E2AE5E1C67DCC0B80DBE39B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EC726FF1B35460C1514C615B95F3058" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BA5503C0B978CA16CC2272A265382BC3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="5F19D342E921BD9042275AFBAA38011A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="079D4D29F1F3D7876842B32AB6BFF11A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CC4272B52A124A8C24935AD8ABB215" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D92A9045ACB052B7DEE6523327C82C04" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="1C59990C1B806F5CE27B98C2B2434F8A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Leaf blade size, and base</td>
|
||
<td id="FB2207325AEB0FC476507D9A9781C5AD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
19-25
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D9076D50D32602E8A7A3D602704E06E8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
7.3-11 cm, obtuse
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="C5401772B324BDD61D94D27F45F8EE94" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
(15-) 20-60
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2B6CD178FB8F9F3C5764D2E2729F52CB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
10-16 cm; (usually) deeply cordate to truncate (obtuse)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="969801BD5AE95495F2DEC79779663F78" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="8F5B591123CC88980F8F1A3B9DB91E23" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1"># of lateral veins</td>
|
||
<td id="796F118D0AB7CE32050EDB6D69578B5B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">ca. 12-13</td>
|
||
<td id="B8AC15AA47BF9C6963011406B06B0DB6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">11-28</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D88CBFD90F85F25FCEE57CF13E1C585E" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="E76541E477B572D4A28D3A1073E63BB7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Length of staminate inflorescences</td>
|
||
<td id="1452FFDAD76A5FD46077067F8A738805" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">6-8 cm</td>
|
||
<td id="B24D28638B883ECD8DFD896C929DAC72" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">6-30 cm</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D83660C13E4AF390ACC89ABAC0940717" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="52BC2EE0B09CAEFC1E25170E1E370CF0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Staminate perianth long, and internal surface</td>
|
||
<td id="8264E8318AFC245BB3FC83127D27AACE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">2.5-3.5 mm; densely pubescent</td>
|
||
<td id="0D2B5042EAFB16AB94A7260C642582BA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1-2.1 mm; glabrescent</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="0077BE3B399F7561DFE17406BEB3F362" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="1D5994C0562AEE573480982D49242974" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Long filament column</td>
|
||
<td id="8E4D13E0482610FACFC6B0300E78D505" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.4-0.6 (-0.8) mm</td>
|
||
<td id="330311057AA6DCE8806AD1B0D0BA7F6E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.2-0.6 mm</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="03DFED19FA16DC8F10AD4317DFC6E838" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="CC2D35544D21BA871C1C6961B59F4205" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Long anthers</td>
|
||
<td id="9F41B75C487596A77ECFCCBAAAC3A288" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.6-1 (-1.2) mm</td>
|
||
<td id="FA0575B7AC6E3E21AD503DE938227AFB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.4-0.5 mm</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="77A4D5AF72F6D0184D6D96F087A878B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<td id="5D54942E7320468659A7C96A877DBFA3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">Fruit size</td>
|
||
<td id="06778B34674ED15CF201ED7A4F6D0B20" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
ca. 3.3-4.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="98B3A0BC4ED5764F40A22B1E2D874EFC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.8-3.1 cm (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="678915E071E0F032BE5ECC5B6B1CE2FD" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Comparison of fruits of newly described Virola species, with those species that are morphologically similar to them, noting the shape, indument, a pericarp thickness A V. aguarunana (C. Diaz et al. 7195, MO) B V. alvaroperezii (D. Rubio et al. 2205, MO) C V. bombuscaroensis (J. Homeier 4507, MO) D V. calimensis (M. Monsalve 158, MO) E V. calophylla (J. J. Pipoly 15614, MO) F V. calophylloidea (S. R. Lowrie et al. 54, MO) G V. cogolloi (D. Cardenas & E. Alvarez 3239, MO) H V. macrocarpa (A. E. Lawrance 675, MO) I V. excisa (W. Palacios 3186, MO) J V. obovata (R. Vasquez & N. Jaramillo 3822, MO) K V. peruviana (D. N. Smith & V. Garcia 13841, MO). L V. parkeri (A. Monteagudo et al. 10761, MO) M V. yasuniana (A. Perez & W. Santillan 4361, MO; right and below from V. Zak & S. Espinoza 5149, MO) N V. tuckerae (A. Cogollo et al. 3924, COL). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688794" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="739BED42F3C6BD046FB8F1E786F0BDE3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
|
||
2.5-3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EE7F5A0DA1C5A81CC10B2E4A5E3FE363" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.6-1.5 cm (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2D52AC58E772E8B27ED5A8A710DF9BAE" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Comparison of fruits of newly described Virola species, with those species that are morphologically similar to them, noting the shape, indument, a pericarp thickness A V. aguarunana (C. Diaz et al. 7195, MO) B V. alvaroperezii (D. Rubio et al. 2205, MO) C V. bombuscaroensis (J. Homeier 4507, MO) D V. calimensis (M. Monsalve 158, MO) E V. calophylla (J. J. Pipoly 15614, MO) F V. calophylloidea (S. R. Lowrie et al. 54, MO) G V. cogolloi (D. Cardenas & E. Alvarez 3239, MO) H V. macrocarpa (A. E. Lawrance 675, MO) I V. excisa (W. Palacios 3186, MO) J V. obovata (R. Vasquez & N. Jaramillo 3822, MO) K V. peruviana (D. N. Smith & V. Garcia 13841, MO). L V. parkeri (A. Monteagudo et al. 10761, MO) M V. yasuniana (A. Perez & W. Santillan 4361, MO; right and below from V. Zak & S. Espinoza 5149, MO) N V. tuckerae (A. Cogollo et al. 3924, COL). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688794" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">6E</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91A4C5FFF9FA805AC04A6435998A5CEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="57CD9BB94B75B0B7C6F006142548DEE2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2398916" author="Walker, JW" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Plant Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" refId="B89" refString="Walker, JW, Walker, AG, 1979. Comparative pollen morphology of the American Myristicaceous genera Compsoneura and Virola. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 66(4): 731-755. https://doi.org/10.2307/2398916" title="Comparative pollen morphology of the American Myristicaceous genera Compsoneura and Virola. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 66 (4): 731 - 755." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2398916" year="1979">Walker and Walker (1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; fig. 44) illustrated the pollen of the first collection of this species (again,
|
||
<emphasis id="B736907D16D4631E571C19372819ADC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">J. Cuatrecasas 17540</emphasis>
|
||
; 5-15 May 1944), then attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E274F75774B0476BFBBD17C071850FB9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="014C670580D1BDC65E4198E89A9FF10B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It was assigned to Pollen Type I (more information can be found in their publication).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B6425344F03AF4E0343D0E40A9B4C643" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
The specimens
|
||
<emphasis id="0B0543C05CA0B926DBA54D0BD3CEF16E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">C. Jativa & C. Epling 1143</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="955A0AF6DE53D053A8D72783BA95FBF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">M. Monsalve 158</emphasis>
|
||
, mentioned under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="154A1EAD10AD448244B570D841A290A3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA01F7319510038A43C4E4ABB568EE51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<emphasis id="10E4F4F5B3A28C30DB50DBDD2473E742" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Flora of Ecuador</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4CCA4F1BE3FE08966E057FBFA3E1F064" author="Jaramillo, TS" editor="Harling, GW" journalOrPublisher="University of Goeteborg, Goeteborg" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 101" refId="B33" refString="Jaramillo, TS, Muriel, P, Balslev, H, 2004. Myristicaceae. In: Harling, GW, Andersson, L, Eds., Flora of Ecuador. University of Goeteborg, Goeteborg 72: 1 - 101" title="Myristicaceae." volume="72" volumeTitle="Flora of Ecuador." year="2004">Jaramillo et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<emphasis id="EBFAB737A4FD4D6A2FC8F4BC0C16A0D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
La Familia de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="52AD0613CB892D7AB62C437DEE7AC8B7" originalValue="Árboles">Arboles</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tropicales
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9F0835552B75430FE2EF63EFCA64C90E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myristicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
en el Departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8EAFBD56BC9B896C30D484BC0C4A25C9" author="Taylor, CM" journalOrPublisher="Biota Colombiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="106 - 108" publicationUrl="http://revistas.humboldt.org.co/index.php/biota/article/view/58" refId="B77" refString="Taylor, CM, Devia Alvarez, W, 2000. La familia de arboles tropicales Myristicaceae en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 1: 106 - 108, http://revistas.humboldt.org.co/index.php/biota/article/view/58" title="La familia de arboles tropicales Myristicaceae en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia." url="http://revistas.humboldt.org.co/index.php/biota/article/view/58" volume="1" year="2000">
|
||
Taylor and Devia
|
||
<normalizedToken id="279FBF69B45C9553589EB2DCF9978AEB" originalValue="Álvarez">Alvarez</normalizedToken>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) correspond to this new species. The digital images of
|
||
<emphasis id="411F79801CFA9967EDAB0746E2FE2630" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">W. Devia et al. 5091</emphasis>
|
||
(st),
|
||
<emphasis id="F8B3EE9A4FB3BCA8A3C35F779FB7F1CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">5461</emphasis>
|
||
(st), all at TULV, appear to correspond with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53AC50CD1459EBC2ACEDD923EA7ABF3F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="89C17631E56D00A22B5A744111E4AA12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as well.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F86D97520E4EF8E8D9169B434AF77864" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3707C3F903A49BE13193BA518450084" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="518422B16EDB36008E5EC48763A2A3D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="011D5F791A59B0626B69A37C0D455A63" collectingDate="1961-06-28" collectorName="I. Cabrera" country="Colombia" elevation="18" location="Bajo Calima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFAC5CB6DD7E659A8214539373A72581" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1352C790243FFB98916D675276B6C4B2" name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7D6D77D2F8B17F96DECD83697E380EAD" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="6DA0958DC455098843BCBDB5A673C792" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71:6DA0958DC455098843BCBDB5A673C792" country="Colombia" name="Bajo Calima" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca">Bajo Calima</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="C6ED14F94748F7DD53E4454B4F2B8D7A" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="8DE9F9EF958B0B1E07129A3FF8F0539A" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15-20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="ADB9824F17CCADF3189A7DAB78F8B7C6" value="1961-06-28">28 Jun 1961</collectingDate>
|
||
(fr),
|
||
<emphasis id="7BCEDB202ED988810401921B2001D823" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectorName id="A4EFDB1D9C939C61A439B4B177B058AA">I. Cabrera</collectorName>
|
||
556
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COL)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C1E1FB75B13D74F70BFA77218D1A82C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="981FC489B9D758DCD5FAD28D090F2ED8" collectingDate="1944-05-05" collectingDateMax="1991-05" collectingDateMin="1944-05-05" collectorName="J. Cuatrecasas, Malaga Km., W. Devia, M. Monsalve, C. Jativa, C. Epling" country="Ecuador" county="Costa del Pacifico" elevation="43" latitude="1.19" location="Silva" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.50833" municipality="Rio Cajambre" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="2F5E9CA5AE5047D200D9B73C385B506F">
|
||
Costa del
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E44E254A0AD888E2E0E590F3CBF22CE3" originalValue="Pacífico">Pacifico</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1D4D9EE276B30C2F71D48A1F96BA2459">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D65BAB65E1C49600D5EEF7A830BB9A8E" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cajambre
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="7C41F8B17CE6DA96740FDC6E80B9A13E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71:7C41F8B17CE6DA96740FDC6E80B9A13E" country="Ecuador" county="Costa del Pacifico" latitude="1.19" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.50833" municipality="Rio Cajambre" name="Silva" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">Silva</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="C41AFDC88CBABC22454A8AD2CC5980AF" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="m" value="42.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="5.0">
|
||
<elevation id="2538BC876CE8587B875CD416DF9FC77B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="m" value="42.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="5.0">5-80 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="5597C2DC216F38354E4801FBA15B9BD4" value="1944-05-05" valueMax="1944-05-15" valueMin="1944-05-05">5-15 May 1944</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="B9517BF1EA7744F977B285A0ADE62081">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
fl),
|
||
<emphasis id="8E0FA1F6762DD2C65BF776066949CB92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectorName id="F04425A70C2648647276883DF0BA30AE">J. Cuatrecasas</collectorName>
|
||
17540
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A!, F [image!]);
|
||
<location id="9C32A3B92477005E6DFC1F39A9AFDB5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71:9C32A3B92477005E6DFC1F39A9AFDB5A" country="Ecuador" county="Costa del Pacifico" latitude="1.19" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.50833" municipality="Rio Cajambre" name="Buenaventura" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">Buenaventura</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="30CB0CE508E18AE967173089F2AC6F49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71:30CB0CE508E18AE967173089F2AC6F49" country="Ecuador" county="Costa del Pacifico" latitude="1.19" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.50833" municipality="Rio Cajambre" name="Carton de Colombia" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">Carton de Colombia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="91919DCF2748DCC74631A0D6C60AD8C8" originalValue="Vía">
|
||
<location id="F748372D1F79C05098435926D0BC5307" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71:F748372D1F79C05098435926D0BC5307" country="Ecuador" county="Costa del Pacifico" latitude="1.19" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.50833" municipality="Rio Cajambre" name="Via" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">Via</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
a
|
||
<collectorName id="393CAF8EDBEB7DE988FE6777E77BFB61">Malaga Km.</collectorName>
|
||
22,
|
||
<location id="87859D3BC6A3641E8092A2BA491C198A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71:87859D3BC6A3641E8092A2BA491C198A" country="Ecuador" county="Costa del Pacifico" latitude="1.19" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.50833" municipality="Rio Cajambre" name="Frente Hans" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">Frente Hans</location>
|
||
, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F694804AAA9D5017A1621FC4F86676F9" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="47" value="3.996389">03°59'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F77EFE5129996913D6DA71634C5A23B9" degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-76.97444">076°58'28"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<quantity id="A45EEDB6BB8F30925B0B7DDF5E6BE63D" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="63B1F068AA466A941152B1DF2670F137" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="AFE33B9A741D7D6D1F9E22568D6E025A" value="1990-03-01">01 Mar 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl bud),
|
||
<emphasis id="9B55096EDB0D08C2D0F05DAF1C899622" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectorName id="EA1E94036EFD604CA6BC35B5C17C1041">W. Devia</collectorName>
|
||
3086
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO-2 sheets!, TULV [image!], UPCB [n.v]); B/ventura [Buenaventura], Canalete, km 28
|
||
<normalizedToken id="05A5DC413DF1E3FE75DDA6E49A0FACAA" originalValue="vía">via</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D016C40BFF000623BDA7A7EF078C4628" originalValue="Málaga">Malaga</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="274D36A53F556D3801896F14B08EA095" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">
|
||
<elevation id="63A671E755F2674215BF403F4BF51931" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, [s.d.]
|
||
<collectingDate id="D2B75B5C25DE79C58580D843EC721EBA" value="1991-05">May 1991</collectingDate>
|
||
(fr),
|
||
<emphasis id="215751F1B221E17493E6DA760E6F8DC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectorName id="3F645B9BA43DFA11573BA30452AAF053">W. Devia</collectorName>
|
||
3253
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(NY!); Bajo Calima,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="657D7C8814C79F066F15C851A305541E" originalValue="concesión">concesion</normalizedToken>
|
||
Pulpapel/ Buenaventura,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F5F2460D68F01152754703E6A3915AFD" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="3.9166667">03°55'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A70149BBD8CD4848234601693080A3EA" degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.0">077°00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="31B66DDA212C3AEE36D423D1B39322D7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">
|
||
<elevation id="4150BD02A31522AB6C96BEB3928B8422" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="335BFD89D30F1848AEBDE2081498C167" value="1986-03-11">11 Mar 1986</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="98BA2A8C6FD134D592520B492BE0F333">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
bud fl),
|
||
<emphasis id="3BE8E8A5257A627F604CF90303207CB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectorName id="F5F96EEBD813376F814A838802224721">M. Monsalve</collectorName>
|
||
968
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(INPA [image!], MO!); ibid.,
|
||
<collectingDate id="9616A5FFBF3E3140ED480C43D2239FF8" value="1987-09-22">22 Sep 1987</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="4223717A94ACA1527632A1DBAA39FC9B">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
bud fl),
|
||
<emphasis id="B3D5CC769D8B2D976B18AEED956FCF09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectorName id="BD3828DEA627D769D578E251A2C35D0E">M. Monsalve</collectorName>
|
||
1769
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F [image!], INPA [image!], MO!).
|
||
<emphasis id="79D58A9D123439AFCBBD01595D29A9FF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9856B96E6653839958C77A01E0391E19" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BFA418D5904329A2BD5FC016D3B93013" country="Ecuador" name="Esmeraldas">Esmeraldas</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: At Tobar Donoso, junct. of
|
||
<location id="94D062F51929D2DAC5625A5793BEE16E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71:94D062F51929D2DAC5625A5793BEE16E" country="Ecuador" county="Costa del Pacifico" latitude="1.19" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.50833" municipality="Rio Cajambre" name="Rio San Juan" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1AB8DDE2EB32603F945719A00D4CCA2B" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
San Juan
|
||
</location>
|
||
and
|
||
<location id="B03F4C418BFF1D6285F87B7ED7ADE9BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED3F46791AD65D569DB052BB466B8F71:B03F4C418BFF1D6285F87B7ED7ADE9BA" country="Ecuador" county="Costa del Pacifico" latitude="1.19" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.50833" municipality="Rio Cajambre" name="Rio Camumbi" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EBB276756BB4F8FB4B1BBB6DAB538B08" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Camumbi
|
||
</location>
|
||
, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7DE9AED16E6AC67FF44B18E146F8845F" degrees="01" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="1.19">01°11'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DDB03F82419F484BCE78461DFBD243D5" degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-78.50833">078°30'30"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<quantity id="4EDF4B8CEFC19A4D801022812D2CF510" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="260.0">
|
||
<elevation id="D4280FA1F6267E6DB61694B9BFC8228A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="260.0">260 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="9927A3220BBF3C9304F62986D9A540C4" value="1966-07-25">25 Jul 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="7526FF310EA7EE6B989B1F7E76059539">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
fl),
|
||
<emphasis id="1385281DD5358F793EA0E6CA39067AC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectorName id="94DA6D1B7A559661C64C5C36DC36D826">C. Jativa</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="58A9DA9A2A2B72A26D91EC1F6868F1F8">C. Epling</collectorName>
|
||
1129
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(NY!); ibid.,
|
||
<collectingDate id="7AB19D83ACB8B95F0F15A96FE9F82DD9" value="1966-07-27">27 Jul 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="631354E90E091F69F9762732098D1E9F">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
fl),
|
||
<emphasis id="CE83D54CE8226C4D10A39C59D81FC033" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<collectorName id="78E4C6DEEF7EB9AF133E6A403C8EBB70">C. Jativa</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="03948A8CE3E1E34343F0E021B02981BD">C. Epling</collectorName>
|
||
1143
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, NY!, US [image!])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |