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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e104772" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1864-8312-81-761" ID-Pensoft-UUID="34351B63F93C56868BA159FE60F10A33" ID-ZooBank="F8584CD4B7634280BE3C0A050E8DDD6F" ModsDocID="1864-8312-81-761" checkinTime="1694651753377" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zheng, Yan-Na, Gu, Jun-Jie, He, Zhu-Qing, Huang, Huateng &amp; Ma, Li-Bin" docDate="2023" docId="ED0EDFE0C60C5042A2BAE2B6139CECBA" docLanguage="en" docName="ArthropodSystPhyl 81: 761-779" docOrigin="Arthropod Systematics &amp; amp; Phylogeny 81" docPubDate="2023-09-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e104772" docTitle="Stephoblemmus Saussure 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="34351B63F93C56868BA159FE60F10A33" lastPageNumber="761" masterDocId="34351B63F93C56868BA159FE60F10A33" masterDocTitle="On a taxonomic feature that has been overestimated in classification practice: an integrative taxonomic revision of Stephoblemmus Saussure, 1877 based on morphology and molecular phylogeny (Orthoptera: Grylloidea; Gryllidae; Gryllinae)" masterLastPageNumber="779" masterPageNumber="761" pageNumber="761" updateTime="1694651753377" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="12FE2B9CC580AC6875A4924267D03B20">On a taxonomic feature that has been overestimated in classification practice: an integrative taxonomic revision of Stephoblemmus Saussure, 1877 based on morphology and molecular phylogeny (Orthoptera: Grylloidea; Gryllidae; Gryllinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="63F58ADFC0BFB76940CA3F35A02D9C14">Zheng, Yan-Na</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6961F37A7BC5C1D9EA44641B8EF0C6C1" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1256-2735</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F9C1301879157D1B51574B8BAF657643">College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi′an, China, 710119</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BB8471061F9D7EFAC9ED7EEF934A5621">Gu, Jun-Jie</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D817AD737A270C751BEB1422047F2A05" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1931-4424</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="01E81712888D8D0643C12A500FDC2159">College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China, 611130</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BD7F350A5B9EE96E338296A8C20D372B">He, Zhu-Qing</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D02D5E7FA1F813CF5F892D557D609A92" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4304-767X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D2213DC29C2C1865EFE5BCCC7E7BE6F1">School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, 200241</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D68231769D5AEA8E69280B0AC7A165FD">Huang, Huateng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B261231EBCD93E991850C5035BAD640B" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0011-2091</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AE84DAA7276FAD18B4BDCDDFB989A355">College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi′an, China, 710119</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A5956248A2B1978A3D14D44EDBD0B7DF">Ma, Li-Bin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7D1DE6F845CD85E7CEDFFD6230F29822">College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi′an, China, 710119</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="BA190915448DE67230A9BD608F0D73DF">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="76C920756AD0059908455E8F7E3C170D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="ED0EDFE0C60C5042A2BAE2B6139CECBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED0EDFE0C60C5042A2BAE2B6139CECBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED0EDFE0C60C5042A2BAE2B6139CECBA" lastPageNumber="761" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">
<subSubSection id="D52BBC5CB723F3B3588BB1C38CF36465" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B79829C84C271AC9FA53B7BA0E942453" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="02996357E469A070EBD8B6A469B5D52A" ID-CoL="8NZK2" LSID="ED0EDFE0-C60C-5042-A2BA-E2B6139CECBA" authority="Saussure, 1877" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Stephoblemmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephoblemmus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stephoblemmus Saussure, 1877</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="E6DA7D2DBEBB971CB03AE99E4948DA86" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="CBD6EFEE22FC093D007660FDEABAD6EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">
<taxonomicName id="F9DD70EB78889BA2709254FD3E921996" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mitius</taxonomicName>
Gorochov, 1985: 95,
<emphasis id="250FE8F4CB88AF4F7CF7DF4B7668F7B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">syn. n.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="929DC5DDE2EE04D489EAA82ECD6F2EA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" type="type species">
<paragraph id="BDCA9325B071F3F2E825CBD1268F7867" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="929E03F09027842E3F00542B7414EE68" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">
<taxonomicName id="A7ACD6407A6E5AF623DADE94D0BC18FA" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Stephoblemmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephoblemmus humbertiellus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humbertiellus">
<emphasis id="76D2A6A1591C16F8017CC714D460FA69" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Stephoblemmus humbertiellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Saussure, 1877.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="8D153978BEC9C57E38504A34C370226F" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" type="chinese name">
<paragraph id="8425ABC235BE6C25869B382E080BC7E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Chinese name.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA93DCC13B0F533A90A73713504F5AC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">
<normalizedToken id="651011041C755D5571B09DBD07B77C83" originalValue="素蟋属">素蟋属</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C0D42B5DE8A196644B399AA5777FD9B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" type="emended diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D7E5EA815D7DE6ECAAFE86E7D22E5CF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Emended diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53057F39423A35624D64946CF5FDD3CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">
<emphasis id="597F9D71591830BB5742D2C4499959E9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Male</emphasis>
: Vertex broad and flattened, slightly inclined. Occiput slightly convex. Frons inclined dorsally and ventrally, and nearly two times wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape shield-like. Median ocellus ovoid, lateral ocelli transversely ovoid. Two lateral ocelli located on the upper edge of the antennal scape and distributed in an inverted triangle with the median ocellus. Eyes ovoid. Pronotum broad and flattened. The median groove of the pronotal disc distinct. Posterior margin straight, the middle of the anterior margin concave, and the posterior and anterior margins almost equal in width. In the dorsal field of tegmina, bearing three chord veins, with the apical one connecting to the proximal part of the mirror by two veins; diagonal vein proximally bifurcated, both branches connecting to CuA vein; two oblique veins; mirror shield-like; dividing vein absent. Outer tympanum shaped as an elongate oval, inner tympanum ovoid or absent. Hind tibiae armed with dorsal spurs which almost equal in length. Epiphallus armed with a finger-like median lobe (Fig.
<figureCitation id="82BA00D1B63E093B2E249C9E24F5E643" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pattern of male genitalia of Stephoblemmus. A dorsal view, B lateral view, C ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e104772.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/905090" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">4</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="C6386D86AD9F9DC0A477C3918EF91163" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Female</emphasis>
: Similar to male in the head, pronotum, and feet features. Tegmina
<normalizedToken id="81005EF6A532F9F428277E20BDBB3F53" originalValue="don’t">don't</normalizedToken>
reach the end of the abdomen, with longitudinal veins interspersed with false veins. Ovipositor smooth, arrow-like.
</paragraph>
<caption id="AABC2853FD605684E51A50BD3EE1B192" doi="10.3897/asp.81.e104772.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/905090" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="A028BAE8DD77BA404BFAB3985326F4C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">
<emphasis id="236842A2436ED47E4D257B7FD35E0167" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Pattern of male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="545746C01956DFF60158C532B9C73CA4" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Stephoblemmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephoblemmus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B2B52F1941E315C0E0835ADE9E764F58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Stephoblemmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="EFAFA601CB554EAD5FE47299CCC90315" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">A</emphasis>
dorsal view,
<emphasis id="FD7ECB943F2A67CB382B60E5970DDD96" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">B</emphasis>
lateral view,
<emphasis id="7E501DA4B5213970A75BCF59B6855268" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">C</emphasis>
ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="18D9D76FAC9F5F7640FBF598E1DFFE81" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" type="included species">
<paragraph id="53BEE11272EC2465E39FC0EDC3E37E44" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Included species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D2FB2F1CC958CEACCB1D814A215BA9F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">
<taxonomicName id="217B4432BDD747A60DFED78A803491B7" baseAuthorityName="Saussure" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius blennus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blennus">
<emphasis id="68D3ABA98BA744615F6C6F26BE292E37" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius blennus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Saussure, 1877)
<taxonomicName id="6B87BE3FC580ADD58D04602866B57B3B" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius castaneus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castaneus">
<emphasis id="7DA8755916539756FC2972128853D6AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius castaneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Chapord, 1937),
<taxonomicName id="B6165D4CC016273E46E48AD99578CBF2" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Gu &amp; He &amp; Huang &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Zheng &amp; Gu &amp; He &amp; Huang &amp; Ma" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius enatus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enatus">
<emphasis id="75AC87F6854780C8E80CC8584F399EFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius enatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gorochov, 1994),
<taxonomicName id="6EA943C2C77119C70C6C0CE9E7D8378A" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1928" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius flavipes" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="55D932BAEC76972DA91D5056745F663A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Chopard, 1928),
<taxonomicName id="7276673E3E250D534253E42A5B6EE8E7" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Gu &amp; He &amp; Huang &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Zheng &amp; Gu &amp; He &amp; Huang &amp; Ma" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius minor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="B952891905BEBA0A8195FAEE0A51576D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Shiraki, 1911),
<taxonomicName id="3CACC210AFD90E136A21DE945C0D779B" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Gu &amp; He &amp; Huang &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Zheng &amp; Gu &amp; He &amp; Huang &amp; Ma" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius minutulus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutulus">
<emphasis id="E86C2E0608030408AD89C8EAC35EAADC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius minutulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yang &amp; Yang, 1995,
<taxonomicName id="01C36DC1E6A09FD668139AEB94B97E4F" baseAuthorityName="Otte &amp; Cowper" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius vaturu" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaturu">
<emphasis id="3CB6E83113482DFFBD98215DC551E833" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius vaturu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Otte &amp; Cowper, 2007), and
<taxonomicName id="37C22694B556C25F060F825BC5A55240" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Stephoblemmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephoblemmus humbertiellus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humbertiellus">
<emphasis id="52087F4CB1C8E3118E8F0106E22A29B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Stephoblemmus humbertiellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Saussure, 1877.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8488624CEE1185B65E1982AEB5DCE07C" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="0B8AB806F6FA86B433853B221F285BA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E4E58FCC4E15A930B86D38E9A43E959" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">
<taxonomicName id="3BB696A97E1FE5CE7C6440922902998F" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Stephoblemmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephoblemmus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8FC4051058E9C65A70D3D0BCB45ECD8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Stephoblemmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was established by
<bibRefCitation id="3087356247F7A182C7A5151F374D0943" author="Saussure, H" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" refId="B46" refString="Saussure, H, 1877. Melanges orthopterologiques V. fascicule Gryllides. Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve 25(1): 169-504 [161-352]." title="Melanges orthopterologiques V. fascicule Gryllides. Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve 25 (1): 169 - 504 [161 - 352]." year="1877">Saussure (1877)</bibRefCitation>
and its dominant feature is the flat frons of males (Fig. S5C-D, G-H).
<taxonomicName id="827670A4837567B51ACF0EBCD89E4430" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86760473C1163D709164C0CAA28D7401" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was established by Gorochov (1985) and species of the genus possess two types of frons (truncated and rounded) (Fig. S5A-B, E-F, I-P). The phylogenetic relationship reveals that
<taxonomicName id="A4E795DD18B94A3B0AB5C87DA9837E4F" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Stephoblemmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephoblemmus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D71B531B0DAE36B93F08ECC0617A23E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Stephoblemmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="DE87F8BF05F680C1BEC2005D6ACD4C8B" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. humbertiellus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" rank="species" species="humbertiellus">
<emphasis id="3C51BA2333B4677390AD02EA9784C541" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">S. humbertiellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="9BA5FFAE006592A8609F8F094EDE649F" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72449F62F2E0D8BF5A876897C2168262" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="B455C6F54D32542AFF5C34B86770B8B6" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. minor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="98BDE1DEFD50E7A336348C9F9450E4C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">M. minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="EF973668D8D34A0BE6235B25E756BBD4" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. minor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="EFDFED6568FD8587F3BB5C13B6042AA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">S. minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="774108783FF82BBD893A94AE837EADF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">comb. n.</emphasis>
)) are sister group (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E8FD7610FB832D3D06C36B311A89F971" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Time-calibrated phylogeny inferred using BEAST. Posterior probability (PP) values are indicated by node color. Node numbers next to nodes represent the divergent times. Purple bars indicate 95 % credibility intervals of estimated node ages. The left in Roman numbers represents fossil calibration points. The primary species of study for this article are shaded red, including species of Loxoblemmus, Mitius, and Stephoblemmus. The blue letter is the type species of Stephoblemmus. The geological timescale is shown at the bottom (Ma = million years ago)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e104772.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/905088" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">2</figureCitation>
) and their male genitalia are also similar. Accordingly,
<taxonomicName id="F29A202A7C5AA21786C353C454611D79" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mitius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitius" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7273B5F87FF07F3DD643C3F01405EC82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Mitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="00FDA463B106A8E953C99B7BD2A3A164" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Stephoblemmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephoblemmus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="761" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AA5458D91F590701205CA4ED5BF59CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="761">Stephoblemmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and we combine them.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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