treatments-xml/data/EC/1C/87/EC1C87A460294366FF7E94C30567FD48.xml

<document id="C0A51CC479C91C276DD8EEB340B9FEDB" ID-CLB-Dataset="25165" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2821abff-9e77-4150-abd4-fda213d290e3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3516777" ID-ZooBank="7642CB67-2DBA-47CA-9FD7-1C2EF5997156" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1571832658992" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vlasak, Josef" docDate="2019" docId="EC1C87A460294366FF7E94C30567FD48" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4688.3.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4688 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Elaphidion antiguensis Vlasak 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="446" masterDocId="1025FFDC60294362FFE9927C0462FFCF" masterDocTitle="A new species of Elaphidion Audinet-Serville, 1834, from Antigua and comparison with E. excelsum Gahan, 1895, from Guadeloupe (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Elaphidiini)" masterLastPageNumber="446" masterPageNumber="442" pageNumber="442" updateTime="1698760643047" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="19C61E1CC255DAF8A851713426175A9E">A new species of Elaphidion Audinet-Serville, 1834, from Antigua and comparison with E. excelsum Gahan, 1895, from Guadeloupe (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Elaphidiini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="05C2A85623E311E4F1E9DAFE731800AF">Vlasak, Josef</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="2CAF653960294362FF7E94C30677F916" box="[151,533,1727,1754]" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="640A36B260294362FF7E94C30677F916" blockId="0.[151,533,1727,1789]" box="[151,533,1727,1754]" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">
<heading id="3F4281DE60294362FF7E94C30677F916" bold="true" box="[151,533,1727,1754]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" reason="1">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FF7E94C30677F916" bold="true" box="[151,533,1727,1754]" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160294362FF7E94C305D3F916" ID-CoL="BL422" authority="Vlasak, 2019" authorityName="Vlasak" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,433,1727,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiguensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FF7E94C305D3F916" bold="true" box="[151,433,1727,1754]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">Elaphidion antiguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4DF257DB60294362FE5194C30677F916" box="[440,533,1727,1753]" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="2CAF653960294362FF7E949F0570F932" box="[151,274,1763,1789]" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" type="description">
<paragraph id="640A36B260294362FF7E949F0570F932" blockId="0.[151,533,1727,1789]" box="[151,274,1763,1789]" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">
(
<figureCitation id="FC8E2A3760294362FF76949F056BF932" box="[159,265,1763,1789]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="1.[151,264,1571,1596]" captionTargetBox="[180,1403,282,1534]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1417,265,1551]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Elaphidion antiguensis, holotype male. 1, Dorsal view; 2, Ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516779/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CAF653960294362FF7E955600B0F836" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="640A36B260294362FF7E955600B0F836" blockId="0.[151,1437,1834,2041]" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FF7E95560568F88A" bold="true" box="[151,266,1834,1861]" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Large species, similar in appearance to 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160294362FD3395500700F88A" box="[730,866,1835,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FD3395500700F88A" box="[730,866,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from which it can be distinguished by the following characteristics: patches of pubescence more dispersed across elytral disc (mostly restricted to along suture in 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160294362FA6D952C049CF842" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FA6D952C049CF842" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), triangular patches of pubescence on vertex absent (well defined in 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160294362FBE7950800F7F842" box="[1038,1173,1907,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FBE7950800F7F842" box="[1038,1173,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); elytral apices dentate (bispinose in 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160294362FED895E405DBF87E" box="[305,441,1943,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FED895E405DBF87E" box="[305,441,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), sutural angle surpassing lateral angle (reversed in 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160294362FBE595E400F6F87E" box="[1036,1172,1943,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FBE595E400F6F87E" box="[1036,1172,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), outer spine on antennomeres III–V straight (arcuate, pointing outward in 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160294362FD0495C00716F81A" box="[749,884,1979,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FD0495C00716F81A" box="[749,884,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), meso- and metafemoral apices dentate, lacking short, acute spines present in 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160294362FE08959C0605F836" box="[481,615,2015,2041]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FE08959C0605F836" box="[481,615,2015,2041]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; tegument reddish-brown (dark brown in 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160294362FBD5959C00A0F836" box="[1084,1218,2015,2041]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060294362FBD5959C00A0F836" box="[1084,1218,2015,2041]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="442">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CAF653960284361FF2E92E4013DFF18" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="445" pageId="1" pageNumber="443" type="description">
<paragraph id="640A36B260284363FF2E92E40608FF34" blockId="1.[151,1437,152,251]" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060284363FF2E92E40533FF7C" bold="true" box="[199,337,152,179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">Description</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060284363FE8892E505FCFF7C" bold="true" box="[353,414,153,179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FC8E2A3760284363FE4792E50679FF7C" box="[430,539,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="1.[151,264,1571,1596]" captionTargetBox="[180,1403,282,1534]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1417,265,1551]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Elaphidion antiguensis, holotype male. 1, Dorsal view; 2, Ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516779/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
). Large, elongate, subparallel. Integument shining, reddish-brown, humeri with dense patches of tawny, appressed pubescence, less dense pubescence along suture, epipleural margin, and in small patches throughout elytra, fewer laterally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="30CA663A60284363FF7E945F0047F9F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516779" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3516779" box="[151,1061,1571,1596]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516779/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="443" startId="1.[151,264,1571,1596]" targetBox="[180,1403,282,1534]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="640A36B260284363FF7E945F0047F9F3" blockId="1.[151,1061,1571,1596]" box="[151,1061,1571,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060284363FF7E945F0693F9F3" bold="true" box="[151,753,1571,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">
FIGURES 1–2. 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D3160284363FEA8945F0656F9F4" authorityName="Vlasak" authorityYear="2019" box="[321,564,1571,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="443" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiguensis">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060284363FEA8945F0656F9F4" bold="true" box="[321,564,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">Elaphidion antiguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype male. 1
</emphasis>
, Dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060284363FC6F945F07F1F9F3" bold="true" box="[902,915,1571,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">2</emphasis>
, Ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="640A36B260284363FF2E941604DDF86B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1642,2028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060284363FF2E94160565F94B" bold="true" box="[199,263,1642,1668]" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">Head</emphasis>
. Frons coarsely irregularly punctate, with golden setae not obscuring integument. Dense golden pubescence around eyes (except posteriorly) and around fronto-clypeal margin. Eyes large, emarginate. Interantennal impression weak, antennal tubercles not strongly elevated. Area between antennal tubercles coarsely, irregularly punctate with sparse setae, vertex glabrous with sparse punctures and setae. Antennae short, reaching ventrite IV, apex of antennomere IV reaching elytral base. Antennomere III subequal to scape, with narrow brush of golden setae medioventrally, antennomeres IV–X gradually decreasing in length, antennomere XI distinctly longer than preceding segment. Scape coarsely punctate, gradually expanded from base to apex, antennomeres III–VI weakly bispinose apically, spine size gradually decreasing, antennomeres IV–VII weakly carinate, antennomere XI arcuate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="640A36B260284360FF2E95D2069EFE38" blockId="1.[151,1437,1642,2028]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,153,719]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="444" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA060284363FF2E95D20542F807" bold="true" box="[199,288,1966,1992]" pageId="1" pageNumber="443">Thorax</emphasis>
. Pronotum inflated, distinctly broader than long, arcuate laterally, only slightly narrower than elytral base, with shallow, broad impressions, more pronounced on sides. Basal constriction slightly more developed. Densely, finely, confluently punctate, covered with short, tawny appressed pubescence, mostly not obscuring integument. Glabrous medial longitudinal callus, narrowed in apical third, glabrous lateral calli in form of numeral “7”, small lateral glabrous area on each side. Prosternum densely, finely, confluently punctate with short appressed pubescence. Prosternal process acutely declivous, weakly expanded at apex, densely, finely, confluently punctate in middle, glabrous areas on sides expanding towards apex. Mesosternal notch developed. 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602B4360FB61935500B6FE8C" bold="true" box="[1160,1236,297,323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">Elytra</emphasis>
. With moderately dense, large punctures, each with distinct seta; dense patch of appressed setae covering humeri; less dense pubescence along epipleural margin and suture; small, irregular patches of pubescence on elytral disc, gradually fewer laterally. Apices bidentate, sutural angle more strongly produced, nearly spiniform. 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602B4360FBB593E800B6FE60" bold="true" box="[1116,1236,404,431]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">Scutellum</emphasis>
. Densely clothed with tawny appressed pubescence. 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602B4360FDC293C50601FE1C" bold="true" box="[555,611,441,467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">Legs</emphasis>
. Short, hind femora reaching middle of ventrite III, with sparse, tawny pubescence. Meso- and metafemoral apices dentiform.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="640A36B2602B4360FF2E907C017EFDD4" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,719]" box="[199,1308,512,539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602B4360FF2E907C055EFDD4" bold="true" box="[199,316,512,539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">Abdomen</emphasis>
. With tawny, sparse, appressed pubescence, denser on sides. Ventrite V truncate at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="640A36B2602B4360FF2E905904B6FD00" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602B4360FF2E9059057CFDF0" bold="true" box="[199,286,549,575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FC8E2A37602B4360FEC7905905FEFDF0" box="[302,412,549,575]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,2003,2028]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,743,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[182,1406,731,1981]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 3–4. Elaphidion antiguensis, paratype female. 3, Dorsal view; 4, Ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516781/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
). Differs from male by having shorter antennae (reaching base of ventrite II), antennomere XI subequal to antennomere X and not curved; narrower pronotum with denser pubescence, mostly obscuring integument, pronotal calli more developed, pronotum less inflated and more gibbose on sides; prosternum glabrous with sparse large and small punctures, covered with sparse long pubescence. Ventrite V narrower and rounded at apex.
</paragraph>
<caption id="30CA663A602B4360FF7E95AF005FF823" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516781" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3516781" box="[151,1085,2003,2028]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516781/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="444" startId="2.[151,264,2003,2028]" targetBox="[202,1386,743,1963]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="640A36B2602B4360FF7E95AF005FF823" blockId="2.[151,1085,2003,2028]" box="[151,1085,2003,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602B4360FF7E95AF076BF823" bold="true" box="[151,777,2003,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">
FIGURES 3–4. 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602B4360FEA895AF0658F823" bold="true" box="[321,570,2003,2028]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602B4360FEA895AF0657F823" authorityName="Vlasak" authorityYear="2019" box="[321,565,2003,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiguensis">Elaphidion antiguensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
paratype female. 3
</emphasis>
, Dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602B4360FC7795AF07C9F823" bold="true" box="[926,939,2003,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="444">4</emphasis>
, Ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="640A36B2602A4361FF2E92E4013DFF18" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FF2E92E405C8FF7C" bold="true" box="[199,426,152,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Dimensions in mm</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="BB0E8810602A4361FE5392E4067CFF7D" box="[442,542,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male/ 
<typeStatus id="BB0E8810602A4361FD8C92E406B2FF7D" box="[613,720,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="72B3FD3B602A4361FD0B92E50758FF7D" box="[738,826,152,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="72B3FD3B602A4361FC9D92E50785FF7C" box="[884,999,152,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
)). Total length, 32.5/26.2–33.9; elytral length, 22.8/18.4–24.4; humeral width, 8.6/6.6–9.3; pronotal length, 6.5/4.8–6.6; pronotal width, 8.1/5.8–8.5.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CAF6539602A4361FF2E929D059AFEA8" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="640A36B2602A4361FF2E929D059AFEA8" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FF2E929D0510FF34" bold="true" box="[199,370,224,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Type Material</emphasis>
. 
<materialsCitation id="D4DD3CEF602A4361FE6B929C0668FED0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2544340824" collectingDate="2018-07" collectionCode="CMNH" collectorName="J. Vlasak" country="Antigua and Barbuda" location="Darkwood Beach" municipality="Rendezvous Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-male="8" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="BB0E8810602A4361FE6B929C0588FF35" box="[386,490,224,250]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male: 
<collectingCountry id="1CA27622602A4361FDDE929C06F6FF35" box="[567,660,224,250]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Antigua</collectingCountry>
, 
<quantity id="A34D9B57602A4361FD48929D06B9FF35" box="[673,731,224,251]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" unit="km" value="1.0">
<locationDeviation id="75B82F90602A4361FD48929D06B9FF35" box="[673,731,224,251]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</locationDeviation>
</quantity>
east of 
<location id="616A6069602A4361FCDE929C079DFF35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC1C87A460294366FF7E94C30567FD48:616A6069602A4361FCDE929C079DFF35" box="[823,1023,224,250]" country="Antigua and Barbuda" municipality="Rendezvous Bay" name="Darkwood Beach" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Darkwood Beach</location>
, 
<date id="100B1072602A4361FBE2929C000DFF34" box="[1035,1135,224,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" value="2018-07">
<collectingDate id="004FE99A602A4361FBE2929C000DFF34" box="[1035,1135,224,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" value="2018-07">Jul 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="C9405364602A4361FB92929D0081FF35" box="[1147,1251,224,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">J. Vlasak</collectorName>
col., in 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602A4361FAAB929D05F8FED1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Haematoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campechianum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FAAB929D05F8FED1" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Haematoxylon campechianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="02A4AE77602A4361FE4E93790663FED0" box="[423,513,261,287]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="Museum">CMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="D4DD3CEF602A4361FDFD9378059AFEA8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2544340823" collectingDate="2018-07" collectionCode="CMNH, JVC, WIBF" collectorName="J. Vlasak" country="Antigua and Barbuda" location="Rendezvous Bay" municipality="Rendezvous Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" specimenCount="32" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-male="8" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="72B3FD3B602A4361FDFD937806C3FED0" box="[532,673,260,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">16 paratypes</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCount id="72B3FD3B602A4361FD5893790764FED1" box="[689,774,260,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="72B3FD3B602A4361FCD2937907CEFED0" box="[827,940,260,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
), 
<collectingCountry id="1CA27622602A4361FC559378007BFED1" box="[956,1049,260,286]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Antigua</collectingCountry>
, 7 from: same locality as holotype, 8 from: English Harbour, 1 from: trail from 
<collectingMunicipality id="846EACC8602A4361FD6C93540720FE8C" box="[645,834,296,323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Rendezvous Bay</collectingMunicipality>
Beach to Wallings Reservoir, all 
<date id="100B1072602A4361FB5393540149FE8C" box="[1210,1323,296,323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" value="2018-07">
<collectingDate id="004FE99A602A4361FB5393540149FE8C" box="[1210,1323,296,323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" value="2018-07">July 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="C9405364602A4361FADF935501FEFE8D" box="[1334,1436,296,323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">J. Vlasak</collectorName>
col. (
<collectionCode id="02A4AE77602A4361FF2693310545FEA8" box="[207,295,333,359]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="Museum">CMNH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="02A4AE77602A4361FEDA9331050AFEA8" box="[307,360,333,359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">JVC</collectionCode>
, and 
<collectionCode id="02A4AE77602A4361FE489331058EFEA8" box="[417,492,333,359]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mzn7-y8yj" name="West Indian Beetle Fauna Project Collection" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">WIBF</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CAF6539602A4361FF2E930D0688FE45" box="[199,746,368,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="640A36B2602A4361FF2E930D0688FE45" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,395]" box="[199,746,368,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FF2E930D052AFE44" bold="true" box="[199,328,369,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Etymology</emphasis>
. The name refers to the 
<typeStatus id="BB0E8810602A4361FDB0930D06EBFE44" box="[601,649,369,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="30CA663A602A4361FF7E948F052BF82B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516783" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3516783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516783/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" startId="3.[151,264,1779,1804]" targetBox="[151,1435,434,1718]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="640A36B2602A4361FF7E948F052BF82B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1779,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FF7E948F07B2F8C4" bold="true" box="[151,976,1779,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">
FIGURES 5–8. Larval habits of 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602A4361FE1D948806EBF8C4" authorityName="Vlasak" authorityYear="2019" box="[500,649,1779,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiguensis">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FE1D948806EBF8C4" bold="true" box="[500,649,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">E. antiguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5–6) and 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602A4361FD1294880718F8C3" box="[763,890,1779,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FD1294880718F8C3" bold="true" box="[763,890,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(7–8). 5
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602A4361FC34948F0172F8C4" box="[989,1296,1779,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Haematoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campechianum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FC34948F0172F8C4" box="[989,1296,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Haematoxylon campechianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a pile of frass (arrow), exposed long empty tunnel (arrow) and an old emergence hole (arrow), inset: prepared emergence hole cut all the way through bark or with a thin layer of bark left intact. The fibrous frass sealing the tunnel is apparent; 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FB42954700DAF89B" bold="true" box="[1195,1208,1851,1876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">6</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602A4361FB2D954001FEF89C" box="[1220,1436,1851,1875]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Picramniaceae" genus="Picramnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Picramniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pentandra">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FB2D954001FEF89C" box="[1220,1436,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Picramnia pentandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a conspicuous pile of granular frass around its base; 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FD3A95230682F8B8" bold="true" box="[723,736,1887,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">7</emphasis>
, Root of 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602A4361FCD595230061F8B8" box="[828,1027,1887,1911]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangle">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FCD595230061F8B8" box="[828,1027,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">Rhizophora mangle</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with an inconspicuous future emergence hole of 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602A4361FF0F95F8053DF854" box="[230,351,1923,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FF0F95F8053DF854" box="[230,351,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(enlarged in inset), at Plage Du Souffleur, Grande-Terre, Guadeloupe; 
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602A4361FBDA95FF0022F853" bold="true" box="[1075,1088,1923,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="445">8</emphasis>
, The same root after chopping off a layer of wood. The long tunnel with a pupal cell and a pupa can be seen (inset: future emergence hole from Fig. 7 inset after removal of bark).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="2CAF6539602D4366FF2E92E40567FD48" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="640A36B2602D4366FF2E92E406D2FE60" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FF2E92E40545FF7C" bold="true" box="[199,295,152,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Biology.</emphasis>
The biology of 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FE0892E606E3FF7C" authorityName="Vlasak" authorityYear="2019" box="[481,641,154,179]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiguensis">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FE0892E606E3FF7C" box="[481,641,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">E. antiguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="FC8E2A37602D4366FD7B92E5069CFF7C" box="[658,766,152,179]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1779,1804]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Larval habits of E. antiguensis (5–6) and E. excelsum (7–8). 5, Haematoxylon campechianum with a pile of frass (arrow), exposed long empty tunnel (arrow) and an old emergence hole (arrow), inset: prepared emergence hole cut all the way through bark or with a thin layer of bark left intact. The fibrous frass sealing the tunnel is apparent; 6, Picramnia pentandra with a conspicuous pile of granular frass around its base; 7, Root of Rhizophora mangle with an inconspicuous future emergence hole of E. excelsum (enlarged in inset), at Plage Du Souffleur, Grande-Terre, Guadeloupe; 8, The same root after chopping off a layer of wood. The long tunnel with a pupal cell and a pupa can be seen (inset: future emergence hole from Fig. 7 inset after removal of bark)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
) is similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FC1892E6001AFF7C" box="[1009,1144,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FC1892E6001AFF7C" box="[1009,1144,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="FC8E2A37602D4366FB6092E50095FF7C" box="[1161,1271,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1779,1804]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Larval habits of E. antiguensis (5–6) and E. excelsum (7–8). 5, Haematoxylon campechianum with a pile of frass (arrow), exposed long empty tunnel (arrow) and an old emergence hole (arrow), inset: prepared emergence hole cut all the way through bark or with a thin layer of bark left intact. The fibrous frass sealing the tunnel is apparent; 6, Picramnia pentandra with a conspicuous pile of granular frass around its base; 7, Root of Rhizophora mangle with an inconspicuous future emergence hole of E. excelsum (enlarged in inset), at Plage Du Souffleur, Grande-Terre, Guadeloupe; 8, The same root after chopping off a layer of wood. The long tunnel with a pupal cell and a pupa can be seen (inset: future emergence hole from Fig. 7 inset after removal of bark)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Figs. 7–8</figureCitation>
). Both species develop in a living host, which is relatively uncommon for the genus, whose members typically utilize recently dead woody plants for development. The larva excavates a large, up to 
<quantity id="A34D9B57602D4366FC6B929D07CCFF34" box="[898,942,225,251]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
long tunnel that is kept empty by expelling large quantities of fine, granular frass. The frass can be seen in large piles, often several centimeters tall, on the ground (
<figureCitation id="FC8E2A37602D4366FF1E9355055FFE8B" box="[247,317,297,324]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1779,1804]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Larval habits of E. antiguensis (5–6) and E. excelsum (7–8). 5, Haematoxylon campechianum with a pile of frass (arrow), exposed long empty tunnel (arrow) and an old emergence hole (arrow), inset: prepared emergence hole cut all the way through bark or with a thin layer of bark left intact. The fibrous frass sealing the tunnel is apparent; 6, Picramnia pentandra with a conspicuous pile of granular frass around its base; 7, Root of Rhizophora mangle with an inconspicuous future emergence hole of E. excelsum (enlarged in inset), at Plage Du Souffleur, Grande-Terre, Guadeloupe; 8, The same root after chopping off a layer of wood. The long tunnel with a pupal cell and a pupa can be seen (inset: future emergence hole from Fig. 7 inset after removal of bark)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). In the case of 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FE1C9356061EFE8C" box="[501,636,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FE1C9356061EFE8C" box="[501,636,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the fine frass floats around the infested roots (
<bibRefCitation id="00244B43602D4366FB7C935504B6FEA8" author="Chalumeau, F. &amp; Touroult, J." pageId="4" pageNumber="446" pagination="241" refId="ref1747" refString="Chalumeau, F. &amp; Touroult, J. (2005) Le Longicornes des Petites Antilles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Taxonomie, Ethologie, Biogeographie. Pensoft Series Faunistica, 51, 241." type="journal article" year="2005">Chalumeau &amp; Touroult 2005</bibRefCitation>
). The pile of frass is quite conspicuous and it greatly facilitates finding trees with larvae. The mature larva prepares the emergence hole either entirely through the bark or leaves only a paper-thin layer of intact bark (
<figureCitation id="FC8E2A37602D4366FAA3930D01ECFE44" box="[1354,1422,368,395]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1779,1804]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Larval habits of E. antiguensis (5–6) and E. excelsum (7–8). 5, Haematoxylon campechianum with a pile of frass (arrow), exposed long empty tunnel (arrow) and an old emergence hole (arrow), inset: prepared emergence hole cut all the way through bark or with a thin layer of bark left intact. The fibrous frass sealing the tunnel is apparent; 6, Picramnia pentandra with a conspicuous pile of granular frass around its base; 7, Root of Rhizophora mangle with an inconspicuous future emergence hole of E. excelsum (enlarged in inset), at Plage Du Souffleur, Grande-Terre, Guadeloupe; 8, The same root after chopping off a layer of wood. The long tunnel with a pupal cell and a pupa can be seen (inset: future emergence hole from Fig. 7 inset after removal of bark)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). The tunnel is sealed with a wad of fibrous frass.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="640A36B2602D4366FF2E93C50567FD48" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">
Although 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FED293C605A6FE1C" box="[315,452,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FED293C605A6FE1C" box="[315,452,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is apparently restricted to one host species (
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FC2593C500C8FE1C" box="[972,1194,441,467]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangle">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FC2593C500C8FE1C" box="[972,1194,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Rhizophora mangle</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FB2C93C60105FE1C" authorityName="Vlasak" authorityYear="2019" box="[1221,1383,442,467]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiguensis">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FB2C93C60105FE1C" box="[1221,1383,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">E. antiguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found in three rather different species of woody plants. Larval workings were seen frequently in a mid-size tree 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FA8D93A205DEFDD4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Haematoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campechianum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FA8D93A205DEFDD4" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Haematoxylon campechianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FE01907D0636FDD3" box="[488,596,513,540]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="FC8E2A37602D4366FD83907D06CEFDD4" box="[618,684,512,539]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1779,1804]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Larval habits of E. antiguensis (5–6) and E. excelsum (7–8). 5, Haematoxylon campechianum with a pile of frass (arrow), exposed long empty tunnel (arrow) and an old emergence hole (arrow), inset: prepared emergence hole cut all the way through bark or with a thin layer of bark left intact. The fibrous frass sealing the tunnel is apparent; 6, Picramnia pentandra with a conspicuous pile of granular frass around its base; 7, Root of Rhizophora mangle with an inconspicuous future emergence hole of E. excelsum (enlarged in inset), at Plage Du Souffleur, Grande-Terre, Guadeloupe; 8, The same root after chopping off a layer of wood. The long tunnel with a pupal cell and a pupa can be seen (inset: future emergence hole from Fig. 7 inset after removal of bark)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) and a small shrub 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FC6C907E0102FDD3" authority="Sw." authorityName="Sw." box="[901,1376,513,540]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Picramniaceae" genus="Picramnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Picramniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pentandra">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FC6C907E0016FDD4" box="[901,1140,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Picramnia pentandra</emphasis>
Sw. (Picramniaceae)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="FC8E2A37602D4366FA86907D04C5FD8F" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1779,1804]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,434,1718]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Larval habits of E. antiguensis (5–6) and E. excelsum (7–8). 5, Haematoxylon campechianum with a pile of frass (arrow), exposed long empty tunnel (arrow) and an old emergence hole (arrow), inset: prepared emergence hole cut all the way through bark or with a thin layer of bark left intact. The fibrous frass sealing the tunnel is apparent; 6, Picramnia pentandra with a conspicuous pile of granular frass around its base; 7, Root of Rhizophora mangle with an inconspicuous future emergence hole of E. excelsum (enlarged in inset), at Plage Du Souffleur, Grande-Terre, Guadeloupe; 8, The same root after chopping off a layer of wood. The long tunnel with a pupal cell and a pupa can be seen (inset: future emergence hole from Fig. 7 inset after removal of bark)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Less frequently, the workings were also seen in a vine 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FCF290590796FDF0" authorityName="Britton &amp; Rose" authorityYear="1928" baseAuthorityName="DC." box="[795,1012,549,575]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="westiana">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FCF290590796FDF0" box="[795,1012,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">Senegalia westiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(DC.) Britton &amp; Rose (
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FB109059010AFD8F" box="[1273,1384,549,576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
). All host plants were found in xeric areas on the island, which is in contrast to the mangrove swamps that are home to 
<taxonomicName id="A3B54D31602D4366FA6D9036049CFD48" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsum">
<emphasis id="56C1EAA0602D4366FA6D9036049CFD48" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="446">E. excelsum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>