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<mods:title id="33445E452AA377E0A42DDCD083F5F07A">The Akodon boliviensis species group (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) in Argentina: species limits and distribution, with the description of a new entity</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="84131B3D84DD82C029D68B7C3FA0F22C">J. Pablo Jayat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="454ABB3E40817E7ACCD80ED974D96F49">Jorge Salazar-Bravo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="53A9EAB1C637769B6EFC4C556B453442">Ulyses F. J. Pardiñas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2977CD02F1CCD18D1FA806A4D5DB3E16">Guillermo D’Elía</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="E91F87EDFF98FFB9D9DA8C02FD28FAC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6196155" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125137298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6196155" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E91F87EDFF98FFB9D9DA8C02FD28FAC9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E91F87EDFF98FFB9D9DA8C02FD28FAC9" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection id="29AC6570FF98FFBDD9DA8C02FB94FD49" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="610936FBFF98FFBDD9DA8C02FDE5FD02" blockId="27.[151,566,637,663]" box="[151,566,637,663]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="3A418197FF98FFBDD9DA8C02FDE5FD02" bold="true" box="[151,566,637,663]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF98FFBDD9DA8C02FDE5FD02" authority="Thomas, 1897" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,566,637,663]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDD9DA8C02FDE5FD02" bold="true" box="[151,566,637,663]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDD9DA8C02FE52FD02" bold="true" box="[151,385,637,663]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Akodon spegazzinii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF98FFBDD8C58C02FDE5FD02" author="Thomas, O." box="[392,566,637,663]" journalOrPublisher="Argentina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="214 - 218" part="6" refString="Thomas, O. (1897) On some small mammals from Salta, N. Argentina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (6) 20, 214 - 218." title="On some small mammals from Salta, N" type="journal article" year="1897">Thomas, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF98FFBDD9DA8CBAFDD4FD49" authority="Thomas, 1897" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,519,709,732]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDD9DA8CBAFEB5FD49" box="[151,358,709,732]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Akodon spegazzinii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF98FFBDD8218CBAFDD4FD49" author="Thomas, O." box="[364,519,709,732]" journalOrPublisher="Argentina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="214 - 218" part="6" refString="Thomas, O. (1897) On some small mammals from Salta, N. Argentina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (6) 20, 214 - 218." title="On some small mammals from Salta, N" type="journal article" year="1897">Thomas, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6(20): 216.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="29AC6570FF98FFB9D9DA8C9AFD28FAC9" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="610936FBFF98FFBDD9DA8C9AFBDEFC89" blockId="27.[151,1253,709,828]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF98FFBDD9DA8C9AFD93FD69" authority="J. A. Allen, 1901" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,576,741,764]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDD9DA8C9AFE53FD69" box="[151,384,741,764]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Akodon tucumanensis</emphasis>
J. A. Allen, 1901
</taxonomicName>
. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 14: 410.
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF98FFBDD9DA8D7AFE08FC89" authority="Thomas, 1919" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,475,773,796]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDD9DA8D7AFEEAFC89" box="[151,313,773,796]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Akodon alterus</emphasis>
Thomas, 1919
</taxonomicName>
. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9(3): 496.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF98FFBDD9DA8D5AFBDCFCA9" blockId="27.[151,1253,709,828]" box="[151,1039,805,828]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF98FFBDD9DA8D5AFDFAFCA9" authority="Cabrera, 1926" authorityName="Cabrera" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,553,805,828]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucolimnaeus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDD9DA8D5AFE5AFCA9" box="[151,393,805,828]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Akodon leucolimnaeus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF98FFBDD8C28D5AFDFAFCA9" author="Cabrera, A." box="[399,553,805,828]" journalOrPublisher="Revista Chilena de Historia Natural" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="319 - 321" part="30" refString="Cabrera, A. (1926) Dos roedores nuevos de las montanas de Catamarca. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 30, 319 - 321." title="Dos roedores nuevos de las montanas de Catamarca" type="journal article" year="1926">Cabrera, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 30:320.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF98FFBDD9DA8D15FE1EFC11" blockId="27.[151,1437,874,2020]" box="[151,461,874,900]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus id="BE0D8859FF98FFBDD9DA8D15FED7FC11" box="[151,260,874,900]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: B.M. 97.5.5.14.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF98FFBDD98B8DEFFA84FC61" blockId="27.[151,1437,874,2020]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus id="BE0D8859FF98FFBDD98B8DEFFED3FC3F" box="[198,256,912,938]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Lower Cachi (
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF98FFBDDB698DEFFD1DFC3F" author="Thomas, O." box="[548,718,912,938]" journalOrPublisher="Argentina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="214 - 218" part="6" refString="Thomas, O. (1897) On some small mammals from Salta, N. Argentina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (6) 20, 214 - 218." title="On some small mammals from Salta, N" type="journal article" year="1897">Thomas 1897</bibRefCitation>
). Probably Thomas referred to the lower course of the Río Cachi which passes through the town of Cachi, close to the junction with the Río Calchaquí. The town is situated in the Deparment of Cachi, in central
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF98FFBDDBC48DA5FCE0FC61" box="[649,819,986,1012]" country="Argentina" name="Salta" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Salta Province</collectingRegion>
(
<geoCoordinate id="0482503CFF98FFBDDA0E8DA5FBDBFC61" box="[835,1032,986,1012]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" value="-25.11998">25º 07`11.93``S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0482503CFF98FFBDDD598DA5FB32FC61" box="[1044,1249,986,1012]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" value="-66.163055">66º 09`47.00``W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="A64E9B1EFF98FFBDDDA08DA5FA99FC61" box="[1261,1354,986,1012]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.341" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2341.0">2341 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF98FFBDD98B8A7FFF1FFB1F" blockId="27.[151,1437,874,2020]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Description: Because of the terse description of the species (
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF98FFBDDAC28A7FFBE7FB8F" author="Thomas, O." box="[911,1076,1024,1050]" journalOrPublisher="Argentina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="214 - 218" part="6" refString="Thomas, O. (1897) On some small mammals from Salta, N. Argentina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (6) 20, 214 - 218." title="On some small mammals from Salta, N" type="journal article" year="1897">Thomas 1897</bibRefCitation>
) and the paucity of specimens available to later workers (
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF98FFBDD8828A5AFD77FBAA" author="Myers, P. &amp; Patton, J. L. &amp; Smith, M. F." box="[463,676,1061,1087]" journalOrPublisher="Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 89" part="177" refString="Myers, P., Patton, J. L. &amp; Smith, M. F. (1990) A review of the boliviensis group of Akodon (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with emphasis on Peru and Bolivia. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 177, 1 - 89." title="A review of the boliviensis group of Akodon (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with emphasis on Peru and Bolivia" type="journal article" year="1990">
Myers
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDDB698A5AFD84FBAB" box="[548,599,1061,1086]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
. 1990
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF98FFBDDBFD8A5AFCFFFBAA" author="Diaz, M. M." bookContentInfo="640 pp." box="[688,812,1061,1087]" journalOrPublisher="Thesis, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Diaz, M. M. (1999) Mamiferos de la Provincia de Jujuy: Sistematica, distribucion y ecologia. Unpublished D. Phil. Thesis, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina, 640 pp." title="Mamiferos de la Provincia de Jujuy: Sistematica, distribucion y ecologia. Unpublished D. Phil" type="book" year="1999">Díaz 1999</bibRefCitation>
), here we offer a more detailed description of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF98FFBDDC078A5AFF21FBF1" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDDC078A5AFA8FFBAB" box="[1354,1372,1061,1086]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDDC268A5AFF21FBF1" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on topotypic specimens but including also material coming from the known range of the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF98FFBDD98B8AEAFDC2FA6A" blockId="27.[151,1437,874,2020]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">General coloration remarkably variable, with individuals ochraceous brown, ruddy brown, fulvous brown, and buffy brown, and darker or paler depending on individuals and populations. Dorsal coloration uniform from head to rump and with more or less spattered black or dark brown hairs. The yellow eye ring are always present but its development is variable. Ears of same color as dorsum. Flanks with the same coloration as dorsum but some clearer. The venter is buffy, ruddy gray or ochraceous gray and contrast lightly with the dorsum. The chin is covered by a few isolated white hairs that do not form a conspicuous patch. Inguinal region of some individuals with a more intensive hue. Both fore and hind feet covered with bicolored hairs and whitish, buffy or greyish in appearance. Claws covered with tufts of hairs greyish brown at the base and tipped white. Tail conspicuously bicolored, dorsally brown or blackish brown and ventrally whitish or buffy, more or less furred depending on population.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF98FFBAD98B8875FAC5FE22" blockId="27.[151,1437,874,2020]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Skull of intermediate size for the
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF98FFBDDB1A8874FD07F9B1" box="[599,724,1547,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boliviensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF98FFBDDB1A8874FD07F9B1" box="[599,724,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">boliviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group and characterized by a well-developed rostrum, relatively narrow zygomatic notches, and lightly swollen frontal sinuses. Interorbital region hourglass shaped, with rounded or slightly squared margins and without overhanging borders. Zygomatic arches not specially flared. The braincase is relatively inflated, but some variation exists among individuals. Temporal and lambdoid crests relatively well developed, mainly in old individuals. Dorsal profile of the cranium relatively arched, especially in young specimens. Zygomatic plate breadth generally intermediate in size but highly variable among individuals. The anterior margin is straight or slightly concave with its dorsal root gently sloping backward. Hamular process generally slender and expanded in its distal end. Posterior ascending process of alisphenoid reaches or surpasses the squamoso-alisphenoid groove. Postglenoid foramen and subsquamosal fenestra are developed, and the ratio between them is highly variable. Incisive foramina relatively long, extended in some specimens to the anterior border of hypocone of M1. Mesopterygoid fossa of intermediate breadth for the group, with the anterior margin slightly rounded or squared and with the lateral borders straight and slightly divergent backward. The medial process of posterior palate can be present but never is well developed. Posteropalatal pits generally tiny and situated at the same level or slightly backward with respect to the anterior margin of mesopterygoid fossa. Parapterygoid fossae of the same breadth or slightly broader than mesopterygoid fossa, relatively shallow, with lateral margins straight or slightly convex, diverging backwards. Tympanic bullae not especially developed with Eustachian tubes generally broad and short. Mandibular ramus delicate. Anterior end of maseteric crest situated just behind the level of the anterior border of M1. The development and position of the capsular projection is variable: in general, it is conspicuous and situated slightly behind the posterior border of the coronoid process. This process is delicate and extends just above the condyloid process. The condyle extends behind the posterior margin of angular process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9FFFBAD98B8FBDFDA7FCE2" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Upper incisors orthodont, with yellowish orange enamel. Molars with crested crown. M1 with well developed procingulum and anteromedian flexus. The anteroloph is conspicuous, the mesoloph is short and the enteroloph is very small (sometimes missing). A small parastyle can be observed in some specimens. The posteroflexus is poorly developed. M2 with a remnant of anteroloph, which determines a relatively well-developed paraflexus. A weak mesoloph and a very shallow protoflexus and posteroflexus also characterize this molar. M3 with paraflexus and metaflexus clearly visible in most of the examined individuals (excepting very old individuals), sometimes as enamel islands. This molar is not “8” shape because the hypoflexus is vestigial and disappears at a very young age. The m1 shows a conspicuous procingulum, well-developed anteromedian flexid and anterolabial cingulum, a tiny ectostylid, and a vestigial mesolophid. The m2 shows a very shallow protoflexid; a tiny ectolophid and a vestigial mesolophid are observable in a few specimens. The m3 presents a remnant of protoflexid, a mesoflexid and a transverse and conspicuous hypoflexid, making it “S” shaped. This molar has no trace of posteroflexid.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9FFFBAD98B8DFDFDC3FC57" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBAD98B8DFDFE7AFC0E" box="[198,425,898,923]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBAD98B8DFDFE7AFC0E" box="[198,425,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Akodon spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 13-14 thoracic ribs; the vertebral column includes 13-14 thoracic, 7-8 lumbar, and 23-26 caudal vertebrae (n = 19).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9FFFBAD98B8DB2FDD0FB99" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Karyotype: 2n = 40, FN = 40, based on four specimens from
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9FFFBADADE8DB2FBC3FC72" box="[915,1040,973,999]" country="Argentina" name="Catamarca" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Catamarca</collectingRegion>
and one from
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9FFFBADDF68DB2FAFAFC72" box="[1211,1321,973,999]" country="Argentina" name="Tucuman" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Tucumán</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9FFFBADC758DB2FEC4FB99" author="Barquez, R. M. &amp; Williams, D. F. &amp; Mares, M. A. &amp; Genoways, H. H." journalOrPublisher="Annals of Carnegie Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="379 - 403" part="49" refString="Barquez, R. M., Williams, D. F., Mares, M. A. &amp; Genoways, H. H. (1980) Karyology and morphometrics of three species of Akodon (Mammalia: Muridae) from northwestern Argentina. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 49, 379 - 403." title="Karyology and morphometrics of three species of Akodon (Mammalia: Muridae) from northwestern Argentina" type="journal article" year="1980">
Barquez
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBAD9DA8D8DFF19FB9E" box="[151,202,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
. 1980
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9FFFBAD86E8D8DFE25FB99" author="Myers, P. &amp; Patton, J. L. &amp; Smith, M. F." box="[291,502,1010,1036]" journalOrPublisher="Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 89" part="177" refString="Myers, P., Patton, J. L. &amp; Smith, M. F. (1990) A review of the boliviensis group of Akodon (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with emphasis on Peru and Bolivia. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 177, 1 - 89." title="A review of the boliviensis group of Akodon (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with emphasis on Peru and Bolivia" type="journal article" year="1990">
Myers
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBAD8388D8DFE7BFB9E" box="[373,424,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
. 1990
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9FFFBAD98B8A67FDB9F912" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Variation: There is considerable variation in external characters among the different populations of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADC068A67FF21FBC3" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADC068A67FA8EFBA4" box="[1355,1373,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADC268A67FF21FBC3" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Most of these differences probably reflect the different environments from where they were trapped. Populations from humid and low altitude areas are darker, with predominance of black guard hairs. This condition is extreme in populations living in Yungas forest. On the other hand, those populations from open and semiarid environments, such as the Monte desert (e.g. Cachi,
<typeStatus id="BE0D8859FF9FFFBADA328AD2FC61FB52" box="[895,946,1197,1223]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADD728AD2FB37FB53" box="[1087,1252,1197,1223]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADD728AD2FB82FB53" box="[1087,1105,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADD2F8AD2FB37FB53" box="[1122,1252,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and Puna, are remarkably paler. Moreover, specimens from high altitude localities have fur, ears and tails more densely covered and with longer hairs. Variation within populations includes different color patterns, with ruddy, drabby and dark brown animals. These variations were observable even in mice trapped in the same traplines, in some cases related to reproductive condition or the age of individuals. For example, lactating females were particularly reddish in hue and young individuals darker. Morphometric differences are also conspicuous, even in individuals of the same age class. Some qualitative characters also show some variability. The zygomatic plate is highly variable, with both straight or concave anterior borders more or less sloping backwards. The zygomatic notches can be more or less narrow and shallow. The mesopterygoid fossa can be more or less broad and its anterior border rounded or squared. Our genetic sample includes
<specimenCount id="77B0FD72FF9FFFBADAF38B82FB8EF982" box="[958,1117,1533,1559]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">17 specimens</specimenCount>
of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADDCB8B82FAF9F983" box="[1158,1322,1533,1558]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADDCB8B82FAF9F983" box="[1158,1322,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected at 10 localities form
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9FFFBAD8DB885DFDC4F9A9" box="[406,535,1570,1596]" country="Argentina" name="Catamarca" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Catamarca</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9FFFBADB6B885DFDB7F9A9" box="[550,612,1570,1596]" country="Argentina" name="Salta" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Salta</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9FFFBADBEA885DFCC6F9A9" box="[679,789,1570,1596]" country="Argentina" name="Tucuman" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Tucuman</collectingRegion>
provinces. This sample has high haplotypic diversity with 16 haplotypes recovered. However, all are similar as average pairwise comparison among them is 1.2%, and geographic structure is nonexistent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9FFFBAD98B88EDFEC7F962" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Comparisons: For comparisons between
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADBEA88ECFC98F939" box="[679,843,1682,1708]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADBEA88ECFD6AF939" box="[679,697,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADB8588ECFC98F939" box="[712,843,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADAC988ECFBF1F939" box="[900,1058,1682,1708]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boliviensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADAC988ECFC45F939" box="[900,918,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADAE888ECFBF1F939" box="[933,1058,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">boliviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADD0688ECFB04F939" box="[1099,1239,1682,1708]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caenosus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADD0688ECFB8EF939" box="[1099,1117,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADD2188ECFB04F939" box="[1132,1239,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">caenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
please see those accounts. Below we compare it with the remaining species of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADADF88C7FC3FF944" box="[914,1004,1720,1745]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADADF88C7FC3FF944" box="[914,1004,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Akodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
present in Yungas of Northwestern
<collectingCountry id="19A1766BFF9FFFBAD9DA88A2FEC3F962" box="[151,272,1757,1783]" name="Argentina" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Argentina</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9FFFBBD98B897DFC62FF69" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1436,152,887]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9FFFBAD98B897DFE75F889" author="Jayat, J. P. &amp; Ortiz, P. E. &amp; Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G." box="[198,422,1794,1820]" journalOrPublisher="Mastozoologia Neotropical" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="201 - 225" part="14" refString="Jayat, J. P., Ortiz, P. E., Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G. (2007 a) Redescripcion y posicion filogenetica del raton selvatico (Akodon sylvanus: Rodentia: Cricetidae). Mastozoologia Neotropical, 14, 201 - 225." title="Redescripcion y posicion filogenetica del raton selvatico (Akodon sylvanus: Rodentia: Cricetidae)" type="journal article" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9FFFBAD98B897DFE4DF889" author="Jayat, J. P. &amp; Ortiz, P. E. &amp; Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G." box="[198,414,1794,1820]" journalOrPublisher="Mastozoologia Neotropical" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="201 - 225" part="14" refString="Jayat, J. P., Ortiz, P. E., Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G. (2007 a) Redescripcion y posicion filogenetica del raton selvatico (Akodon sylvanus: Rodentia: Cricetidae). Mastozoologia Neotropical, 14, 201 - 225." title="Redescripcion y posicion filogenetica del raton selvatico (Akodon sylvanus: Rodentia: Cricetidae)" type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">
Jayat
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBAD844897CFEEFF889" box="[265,316,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
. (2007a
</bibRefCitation>
)
</bibRefCitation>
made detailed comparisons between
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADA16897CFC2DF889" box="[859,1022,1794,1820]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADA16897CFCBEF889" box="[859,877,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADA36897CFC2DF889" box="[891,1022,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADD78897CFB68F889" box="[1077,1211,1794,1820]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvanus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADD78897CFB94F889" box="[1077,1095,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADD1B897CFB68F889" box="[1110,1211,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">sylvanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The most relevant differences included general size, with
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADB138957FD30F8D4" box="[606,739,1832,1858]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvanus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADB138957FDA3F8D4" box="[606,624,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADB338957FD30F8D4" box="[638,739,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">sylvanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
slightly larger for all the morphometric characters analyzed (
<tableCitation id="2C340340FF9FFFBAD9D28932FED0F8F2" box="[159,259,1869,1895]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="10.[119,196,733,753]" captionTargetBox="[127,1864,857,1460]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative measurements of adult specimens (age classes 3 and 4) of 5 species of the Akodon boliviensis group in Argentina: A. caenosus, A. boliviensis, A. spegazzinii, A. sylvanus, and Akodon new species. X: mean; SD: standard deviation; r: range; n: sample size." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/35C96673FF89FFACD93A8CA2FC05FC84" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" tableUuid="35C96673FF89FFACD93A8CA2FC05FC84">Tables 1</tableCitation>
and
<tableCitation id="2C340340FF9FFFBAD80D8932FE82F8F2" box="[320,337,1869,1895]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,242,157,181]" captionTargetBox="[165,1405,254,1084]" captionText="TABLE 2. Significative average values among adult specimens (age classes 3 and 4) of 5 species of the Akodon boliviensis group in Argentina according the N HDS test. Abbreviations as provided in text." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/35C96673FF88FFADD9DA8EE2FBBFFF4B" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" tableUuid="35C96673FF88FFADD9DA8EE2FBBFFF4B">2</tableCitation>
). The PCA (
<figureCitation id="F98D2A7EFF9FFFBAD8A48932FDE2F8F2" box="[489,561,1869,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,255,893,917]" captionTargetBox="[255,1327,159,878]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[249,1333,155,884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Individual specimen scores based on log-transformed values of 11 cranial measurements, projected onto the first and second principal components extracted from analysis of adult specimens (age class 3 and 4, n = 199) of 5 species of the genus Akodon: A. boliviensis, A. caenosus, Akodon n. sp., A. spegazzinii and A. sylvanus. Results of principal components analysis in table 3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293855/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) shows some overlap for this species but the DA was very efficient, with only four of 139 individuals not reciprocally well classified.
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9FFFBADA30890CFB94F819" box="[893,1095,1907,1932]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvanus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9FFFBADA30890CFB94F819" box="[893,1095,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Akodon sylvanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents also relatively less developed zygomatic notches, more inflated frontal sinuses, broader mesopterygoid fossa, broader and deeper paraterygoid fossa, more developed foramen oval, and conspicuously larger foramen magnum. The general coloration of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBD87B8EE7FE6EFF24" box="[310,445,152,178]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvanus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD87B8EE7FE9BFF24" box="[310,328,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD8158EE7FE6EFF24" box="[344,445,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sylvanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is included in the observed variation for the different populations of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBDDBC8EE7FA47FF24" box="[1265,1428,152,178]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDDBC8EE7FAD0FF24" box="[1265,1283,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDC5F8EE7FA47FF24" box="[1298,1428,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Notwithstanding, the latter has a more conspicuous eye ring and white spot on the chin. The average percentage of genetic divergence between these species is 4.9% (
<tableCitation id="2C340340FF9EFFBBDA748E9DFC77FF69" box="[825,932,226,252]" captionStart="TABLE 12" captionStartId="22.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,351,713]" captionText="TABLE 12. Average percentage of observerd sequence divergence within and between seven species of the Akodon boliviensis species group. Standard error estimates are shown between parentheses and were obtained by a bootstrap procedure (500 replicates) in MEGA 4. Positions containing missing data were excluded only in pairwise sequence comparisons. Intraspecific values for A. lutescens and A. subfuscus were not calculated because a single sequence was available for each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/35C96673FF95FFB0D9DA8EE8FE63FEAC" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="35C96673FF95FFB0D9DA8EE8FE63FEAC">Table 12</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9EFFBBD98B8F77FA50FE07" blockId="29.[151,1436,152,887]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBD98B8F77FEA0FEB4" box="[198,371,264,289]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="budini">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD98B8F77FEA0FEB4" box="[198,371,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Akodon budini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is substantially larger and shows very distinguishable craniodental characteristics. It has a very broad braincase and mesopterygoid fossa, elongated rostrum and relatively narrow and shallow zygomatic notches. The mandible is also distinguishable by the short masseteric crest and lightly developed capsular projection. Moreover, the conspicuous hypsodont molars of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBDA328F07FC38FE04" box="[895,1003,376,401]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="budini">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDA328F07FC38FE04" box="[895,1003,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A. budini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
uniquely characterize this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9EFFBBD98B8FE2FE7CFDE7" blockId="29.[151,1436,152,887]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBD98B8FE2FE45FE23" box="[198,406,413,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simulator">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD98B8FE2FE45FE23" box="[198,406,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Akodon simulator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBD8828FE2FDA2FE23" box="[463,625,413,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD8828FE2FDA2FE23" box="[463,625,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A. spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are sympatric in parts of their ranges; however, these species are easily differentiable by the larger size of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBDB178FBDFD3EFE4E" box="[602,749,450,475]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simulator">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDB178FBDFD3EFE4E" box="[602,749,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A. simulator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and, more importantly, several characteristics of the skin. For example,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBD8768F97FE1EFD94" box="[315,461,488,513]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simulator">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD8768F97FE1EFD94" box="[315,461,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A. simulator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a more greyish general coloration, more contrast between dorsum and venter, and presents a conspicuous white spot on chin and throat. The skull of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBDA988C72FBB5FDB3" box="[981,1126,525,551]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simulator">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDA988C72FC34FDB3" box="[981,999,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDABB8C72FBB5FDB3" box="[1014,1126,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">simulator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more robust, with more divergent and squared interorbital region and broader mesopteryogoid fossa. Furthermore, this species has more proodont incisors.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9EFFBBD98B8C02FB3EFD02" blockId="29.[151,1436,152,887]" box="[198,1261,637,663]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
The differences between
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBD8A08C02FD5CFD03" box="[493,655,637,663]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD8A08C02FE2CFD03" box="[493,511,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDB408C02FD5CFD03" box="[525,655,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the new species are considered in detail below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9EFFBBD98B8CDDFC41FCE2" blockId="29.[151,1436,152,887]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Distribution:
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBD8298CDDFDDBFD2E" box="[356,520,674,700]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD8298CDDFEA5FD2E" box="[356,374,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD8C88CDDFDDBFD2E" box="[389,520,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in southern and central areas of northwestern
<collectingCountry id="19A1766BFF9EFFBBDDCC8CDDFB2AFD29" box="[1153,1273,674,700]" name="Argentina" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, from
<geoCoordinate id="0482503CFF9EFFBBDC0A8CDDFF74FD77" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="-24.45">24º 27’ S</geoCoordinate>
in central
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9EFFBBD8678CB7FEB6FD77" box="[298,357,712,738]" country="Argentina" name="Salta" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Salta</collectingRegion>
to
<geoCoordinate id="0482503CFF9EFFBBD8C38CB7FE2DFD77" box="[398,510,712,738]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="-28.783333">28º 47’ S</geoCoordinate>
in southern
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9EFFBBDBDA8CB7FCCBFD77" box="[663,792,712,738]" country="Argentina" name="Catamarca" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Catamarca</collectingRegion>
, from 400 to about
<quantity id="A64E9B1EFF9EFFBBDD4A8CB7FBB6FD77" box="[1031,1125,712,738]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
. A single specimen (CNP 1897) is known from southern
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9EFFBBDB478C92FD34FC92" box="[522,743,749,775]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mendoza province</collectingRegion>
(Laguna LLancanelo,
<quantity id="A64E9B1EFF9EFFBBDABB8C92FB87FC92" box="[1014,1108,749,775]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.335" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1335.0">1335 m</quantity>
, Malargüe Department,
<geoCoordinate id="0482503CFF9EFFBBDC388C92FF0BFCB9" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="-35.75">35º 45’ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0482503CFF9EFFBBD9A88D6DFEB1FCB9" box="[229,354,786,812]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="-69.13333">69º 08’ W</geoCoordinate>
); this locality, the first reported for
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9EFFBBDA498D6DFC30FCB9" box="[772,995,786,812]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mendoza province</collectingRegion>
, extends the known distribution of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBDCCE8D6DFEC9FCC4" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDCCE8D6DFEC9FCC4" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A. spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<quantity id="A64E9B1EFF9EFFBBD86C8D47FEA8FCC7" box="[289,379,824,850]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="850.0">850 km</quantity>
to the south. Records from
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9EFFBBDB888D47FC48FCC7" box="[709,923,824,850]" country="Argentina" name="La Rioja" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">La Rioja province</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9EFFBBDAE78D47FB25FCC4" author="Thomas, O." box="[938,1270,824,850]" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="417 - 422" part="9" refString="Thomas, O. (1920 b) On small Mammals from the Famatina Chain, North-western Rioja. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series, 9 (6), 417 - 422." title="On small Mammals from the Famatina Chain, North-western Rioja" type="journal article" year="1920" yearSuffix="b">
Thomas 1920b as
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBDDC98D47FB25FCC4" box="[1156,1270,824,850]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDDC98D47FB45FCC4" box="[1156,1174,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDDE88D47FB25FCC4" box="[1189,1270,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">alterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</bibRefCitation>
), corresponding to specimens not examined by us, need confirmation (
<figureCitation id="F98D2A7EFF9EFFBBDA718D22FC57FCE2" box="[828,900,861,887]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="29.[151,255,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,941,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,941,1930]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 9. Recorded localities of A. spegazzinii in northwestern Argentina. Localities and geographic position in Appendix II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293859/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="35C96673FF9EFFBBD9DA89E0FECCF84E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293859/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[151,1436,941,1930]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9EFFBBD9DA89E0FECCF84E" blockId="29.[151,1436,1951,2011]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBD9DA89E0FECDF822" bold="true" box="[151,286,1951,1975]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Recorded localities of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9EFFBBDB6A89E0FD12F823" box="[551,705,1951,1974]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDB6A89E0FDE4F823" box="[551,567,1951,1974]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9EFFBBDB0789E0FD12F823" box="[586,705,1951,1974]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in northwestern Argentina. Localities and geographic position in Appendix II.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9DFFB8D98B8EE7FACCFED2" blockId="30.[151,1437,152,327]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Habitat:
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D8608EE7FE02FF24" box="[301,465,152,178]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D8608EE7FEECFF24" box="[301,319,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D8028EE7FE02FF24" box="[335,465,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in all altitudinal belts of the Yungas forest (even ecotonal areas with lowland thorn woodlands of
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9DFFB8D8818EC2FDC8FF42" box="[460,539,189,215]" country="Argentina" name="Chaco" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Chaco</collectingRegion>
), Monte de Sierras y Bolsones, Puna and Altos Andes. Thus, the species inhabits forests, woodlands and grasslands. In dry areas, such as the Monte desert and Puna, it is only found in grassy zones along streams and rivers.
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DB268F77FC82FEB4" box="[619,849,264,289]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DB268F77FC82FEB4" box="[619,849,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Akodon spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is especially abundant in cloud grasslands in the upper altitudinal belts of Yungas, where it constitutes the dominant sigmodontine species (
<figureCitation id="F98D2A7EFF9DFFB8DDF78F52FAC1FED2" box="[1210,1298,301,327]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="30.[151,255,1323,1347]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,381,1302]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[159,1427,381,1302]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 10. Habitats of the type localities of the four nominal forms associated with A. spegazzinii: A) High altitudinal grasslands at 2400 m, near Otro Cerro, type locality of A. alterus Thomas. B) Puna environments in Laguna Blanca, 3200 m, type locality of A. leucolimnaeus Cabrera. C) Monte environments near Cachi, 2500 m, type locality of A. spegazzinii Thomas. D) Rain forest at Horco Molle, about 700 m, near the type locality of A. tucumanensis J. A. Allen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293860/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="35C96673FF9DFFB8D9DA8B54FAC3FA39" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293860/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[159,1427,381,1302]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9DFFB8D9DA8B54FAC3FA39" blockId="30.[151,1436,1323,1452]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D9DA8B54FEF5FAD6" bold="true" box="[151,294,1323,1347]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Habitats of the type localities of the four nominal forms associated with
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DD618B54FB1BFAD7" box="[1068,1224,1323,1346]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">A. spegazzinii</taxonomicName>
: A) High altitudinal grasslands at 2400 m, near Otro Cerro, type locality of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DB918B31FC6CFAF0" authority="Thomas. B" authorityName="Thomas. B" box="[732,959,1358,1381]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DB918B31FD3FFAF0" box="[732,748,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DBB48B31FC90FAF0" authority="Thomas." authorityName="Thomas." box="[761,835,1358,1381]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DBB48B31FC90FAF0" box="[761,835,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">alterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Thomas. B
</taxonomicName>
) Puna environments in Laguna Blanca, 3200 m, type locality of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D82D8B0EFD41FA1D" authority="Cabrera. C" authorityName="Cabrera. C" box="[352,658,1393,1416]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucolimnaeus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D82D8B0EFEA3FA1D" box="[352,368,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D8308B0EFDA6FA1D" authority="Cabrera" authorityName="Cabrera" box="[381,629,1393,1416]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="leucolimnaeus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D8308B0EFDC4FA1D" box="[381,535,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">leucolimnaeus</emphasis>
Cabrera
</taxonomicName>
. C
</taxonomicName>
) Monte environments near Cachi, 2500 m, type locality of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DC458B0EFEDDFA39" authority="Thomas. D" authorityName="Thomas. D" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DC458B0EFACBFA1D" box="[1288,1304,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DC688B0EFF23FA39" authority="Thomas" authorityName="Thomas" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DC688B0EFA48FA1D" box="[1317,1435,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">spegazzinii</emphasis>
Thomas
</taxonomicName>
. D
</taxonomicName>
) Rain forest at Horco Molle, about 700 m, near the type locality of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DAAD8BEAFAC3FA39" authority="J. A. Allen." authorityName="J. A. Allen." box="[992,1296,1429,1452]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DAAD8BEAFC23FA39" box="[992,1008,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DAB08BEAFB5DFA39" authority="J. A. Allen" authorityName="J. A. Allen" box="[1021,1166,1429,1452]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DAB08BEAFB5DFA39" box="[1021,1166,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J. A. Allen.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9DFFB8D98B887CFBDEF807" blockId="30.[151,1437,1539,2013]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Natural History: Reproduction appears to occur yearlong, with a clear peak between November and April. Most of the individuals were molting in fall and winter (April to August). As it can be expected from the general ubiquity of the species,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D8AF8831FD15F9F2" box="[482,710,1614,1639]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D8AF8831FD15F9F2" box="[482,710,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Akodon spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
coexists with a number of sigmodontine species in the region of interest. In high altitudinal localities, above
<quantity id="A64E9B1EFF9DFFB8DB94880CFCEAF918" box="[729,825,1651,1677]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
, it has been registered alongside
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DD98880BFED8F926" authority="Thomas" authorityName="Thomas" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Calomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepidus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DD98880BFA48F918" box="[1237,1435,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Calomys lepidus</emphasis>
(Thomas)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D85488E6FE6AF927" box="[281,441,1689,1714]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Eligmodontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D85488E6FE6AF927" box="[281,441,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Eligmodontia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D8B988E6FD29F927" box="[500,762,1689,1714]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Phyllotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopygus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D8B988E6FD29F927" box="[500,762,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Phyllotis xanthopygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DA4788E6FBACF926" authority="G. Fischer" authorityName="G. Fischer" box="[778,1151,1689,1715]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Reithrodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auritus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DA4788E6FC3AF927" box="[778,1001,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Reithrodon auritus</emphasis>
(G. Fischer)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DDF188E6FECFF94D" authority="Thomas. In" authorityName="Thomas. In" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Neotomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ebriosus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DDF188E6FA4FF927" box="[1212,1436,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Neotomys ebriosus</emphasis>
Thomas. In
</taxonomicName>
cloud grasslands it was caught with
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DB8A88C1FC46F942" box="[711,917,1726,1751]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Necromys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lactens">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DB8A88C1FC46F942" box="[711,917,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Necromys lactens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DAEE88C1FBF1F942" box="[931,1058,1726,1752]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Necromys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lasiurus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DAEE88C1FC65F942" box="[931,950,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">N</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DA8988C1FBF1F942" box="[964,1058,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">lasiurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DD1688C1FAC3F942" box="[1115,1296,1726,1751]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Phyllotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osilae">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DD1688C1FAC3F942" box="[1115,1296,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Phyllotis osilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In forested areas of Yungas
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D81B889BFE2BF968" box="[342,504,1764,1789]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D81B889BFE2BF968" box="[342,504,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A. spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
coexists with
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DBED889BFCB0F968" box="[672,867,1764,1789]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Abrothrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="illutea">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DBED889BFCB0F968" box="[672,867,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Abrothrix illutea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DA3C889BFBC7F968" box="[881,1044,1764,1789]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DA3C889BFBC7F968" box="[881,1044,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Oligoryzomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DD07889BFAA2F968" box="[1098,1393,1764,1789]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Oxymycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paramensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DD07889BFAA2F968" box="[1098,1393,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Oxymycterus paramensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DC32889BFF31F8B7" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Oxymycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wayku">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DC32889BFF31F8B7" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">O. wayku</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D8538976FE0BF8B7" box="[286,472,1801,1826]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Phyllotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anitae">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D8538976FE0BF8B7" box="[286,472,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Phyllotis anitae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In ecotonal environments of Yungas and
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9DFFB8DA9F8976FBF3F8B6" box="[978,1056,1801,1827]" country="Argentina" name="Chaco" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Chaco</collectingRegion>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DD608976FB01F8B7" box="[1069,1234,1801,1827]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DD608976FBECF8B7" box="[1069,1087,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DD028976FB01F8B7" box="[1103,1234,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was caugth with
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D9DA8951FE0FF8DD" authority="Thomas" authorityName="Thomas" box="[151,476,1838,1864]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Calomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fecundus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D9DA8951FEA3F8D2" box="[151,368,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Calomys fecundus</emphasis>
Thomas
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D8A18951FD1AF8D2" box="[492,713,1838,1863]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Graomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D8A18951FD1AF8D2" box="[492,713,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Graomys centralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DA448951FCAEF8D2" box="[777,893,1838,1863]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Necromys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DA448951FCAEF8D2" box="[777,893,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Necromys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Other species broadly distributted in the region, such as
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D806892BFDC5F8F8" box="[331,534,1876,1901]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caenosus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D806892BFDC5F8F8" box="[331,534,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Akodon caenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DB68892BFD27F8F8" box="[549,756,1876,1901]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simulator">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DB68892BFD27F8F8" box="[549,756,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Akodon simulator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DA4F892BFC76F8F8" box="[770,933,1876,1901]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DA4F892BFC76F8F8" box="[770,933,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Oligoryzomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cf.
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DA9D892BFBB8F8F8" box="[976,1131,1875,1901]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DA9D892BFC36F8F8" box="[976,997,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DABE892BFBB8F8F8" box="[1011,1131,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">flavescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DD37892BFAB8F8F8" box="[1146,1387,1876,1901]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Calomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculinus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DD37892BFAB8F8F8" box="[1146,1387,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Calomys musculinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8D9DA8906FE84F807" box="[151,343,1913,1938]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Andinomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edax">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D9DA8906FE84F807" box="[151,343,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Andinomys edax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have also been registered in sympatry with
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DA2E8906FBDAF807" box="[867,1033,1913,1939]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DA2E8906FCA6F807" box="[867,885,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DACE8906FBDAF807" box="[899,1033,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DD448906FBDEF807" box="[1033,1037,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9DFFB9D98B89E1FD1EFD29" blockId="30.[151,1437,1539,2013]" lastBlockId="31.[151,1437,152,1372]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Comments:
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9DFFB8D81889E1FDE9F82D" author="Myers, P. &amp; Patton, J. L. &amp; Smith, M. F." box="[341,570,1950,1976]" journalOrPublisher="Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 89" part="177" refString="Myers, P., Patton, J. L. &amp; Smith, M. F. (1990) A review of the boliviensis group of Akodon (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with emphasis on Peru and Bolivia. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 177, 1 - 89." title="A review of the boliviensis group of Akodon (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with emphasis on Peru and Bolivia" type="journal article" year="1990">
Myers
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8D8E589E1FE0EF822" box="[424,477,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
. (1990)
</bibRefCitation>
viewed
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DBD289E1FCF2F822" box="[671,801,1950,1975]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DBD289E1FCF2F822" box="[671,801,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid species and considered
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DDF589E1FA8BF822" box="[1208,1368,1950,1975]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DDF589E1FA8BF822" box="[1208,1368,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="BE0D8859FF9DFFB8DC2A89E1FA48F82D" box="[1383,1435,1950,1976]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9DFFB8D9BB89BCFEB4F848" box="[246,359,1987,2013]" country="Argentina" name="Tucuman" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Tucumán</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="A64E9B1EFF9DFFB8D83E89BCFE6CF848" box="[371,447,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="450.0">450 m</quantity>
) as a subspecies. Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9DFFB8DA5F89BBFC16F848" box="[786,965,1988,2013]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9DFFB8DA5F89BBFC16F848" box="[786,965,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Akodon alterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from Otro Cerro,
<quantity id="A64E9B1EFF9DFFB8DDEB89BCFAD3F848" box="[1190,1280,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
) was considered “properly allied” to these forms.
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DB028EE7FC81FF27" author="Blaustein, S. A. &amp; Liascovich, R. C. &amp; Apfelbaum, L. I. &amp; Daleffe, L. Barquez, R. M. &amp; Reig, O. A." box="[591,850,152,178]" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 13" part="57" refString="Blaustein, S. A., Liascovich, R. C., Apfelbaum, L. I., Daleffe, L. Barquez, R. M. &amp; Reig, O. A. (1992) Correlates of systematic differentiation between two closely related allopatric populations of the Akodon boliviensis group from NW Argentina (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 57, 1 - 13." title="Correlates of systematic differentiation between two closely related allopatric populations of the Akodon boliviensis group from NW Argentina (Rodentia, Cricetidae)" type="journal article" year="1992">
Blaustein
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DB898EE7FD24FF24" box="[708,759,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. (1992)
</bibRefCitation>
studied the status of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DD058EE7FB69FF24" box="[1096,1210,152,178]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DD058EE7FB89FF24" box="[1096,1114,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DD258EE7FB69FF24" box="[1128,1210,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">alterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DDBF8EE7FF65FF43" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DDBF8EE7FAD7FF24" box="[1266,1284,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DC5F8EE7FF65FF43" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and found weak morphologic and morphometric differences and identical cytogenetic characteristics in the studied populations. Notwithstanding,
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DB2B8E9DFC83FF69" author="Diaz, M. M. &amp; Braun, J. K. &amp; Mares, M. A. &amp; Barquez, R. M." box="[614,848,226,252]" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 10" part="2" refString="Diaz, M. M., Braun, J. K., Mares, M. A. &amp; Barquez, R. M. (1997) Key of Mammals of Salta Province, Argentina. Occasional Papers of the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, 2, 1 - 10." title="Key of Mammals of Salta Province, Argentina" type="journal article" year="1997">
Mares
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DBF48E9DFD3CFF6E" box="[697,751,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. (1997)
</bibRefCitation>
listed
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DAE98E9DFC25FF6E" box="[932,1014,226,251]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DAE98E9DFC25FF6E" box="[932,1014,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">alterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DD788E9DFB06FF6E" box="[1077,1237,226,251]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DD788E9DFB06FF6E" box="[1077,1237,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as valid species mainly based on their different ecological associations (see also
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DAC68F77FB5FFEB7" author="Capllonch, P. &amp; Autino, A. &amp; Diaz, M. M. &amp; Barquez, R. M. &amp; Goytia, M." box="[907,1164,264,290]" journalOrPublisher="Mastozoologia Neotropical" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="49 - 71" part="4" refString="Capllonch, P., Autino, A., Diaz, M. M., Barquez, R. M. &amp; Goytia, M. (1997) Los mamiferos del Parque Biologico Sierra de San Javier, Tucuman, Argentina: observaciones sobre su sistematica y distribucion. Mastozoologia Neotropical, 4, 49 - 71." title="Los mamiferos del Parque Biologico Sierra de San Javier, Tucuman, Argentina: observaciones sobre su sistematica y distribucion" type="journal article" year="1997">
Capllonch
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DD418F77FBECFEB4" box="[1036,1087,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 1997
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DDD58F77FA8BFEB7" author="Capllonch, P. &amp; Autino, A. &amp; Diaz, M. M. &amp; Barquez, R. M. &amp; Goytia, M." box="[1176,1368,264,290]" journalOrPublisher="Mastozoologia Neotropical" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="49 - 71" part="4" refString="Capllonch, P., Autino, A., Diaz, M. M., Barquez, R. M. &amp; Goytia, M. (1997) Los mamiferos del Parque Biologico Sierra de San Javier, Tucuman, Argentina: observaciones sobre su sistematica y distribucion. Mastozoologia Neotropical, 4, 49 - 71." title="Los mamiferos del Parque Biologico Sierra de San Javier, Tucuman, Argentina: observaciones sobre su sistematica y distribucion" type="journal article" year="1997">
Díaz
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DD958F77FAD9FEB4" box="[1240,1290,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 1997
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DC298F77FF05FED2" author="Diaz, M. M." bookContentInfo="640 pp." journalOrPublisher="Thesis, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Diaz, M. M. (1999) Mamiferos de la Provincia de Jujuy: Sistematica, distribucion y ecologia. Unpublished D. Phil. Thesis, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina, 640 pp." title="Mamiferos de la Provincia de Jujuy: Sistematica, distribucion y ecologia. Unpublished D. Phil" type="book" year="1999">Díaz 1999</bibRefCitation>
). In the last ten years the treatment of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DBE08F52FD2CFED3" box="[685,767,301,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DBE08F52FD2CFED3" box="[685,767,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">alterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
continued to be confused, alternatively considered as a valid species (
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9D8768F2DFE6AFEF9" author="Diaz, M. M." bookContentInfo="640 pp." box="[315,441,338,364]" journalOrPublisher="Thesis, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Diaz, M. M. (1999) Mamiferos de la Provincia de Jujuy: Sistematica, distribucion y ecologia. Unpublished D. Phil. Thesis, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina, 640 pp." title="Mamiferos de la Provincia de Jujuy: Sistematica, distribucion y ecologia. Unpublished D. Phil" type="book" year="1999">Díaz 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9D8898F2DFD14FEF9" author="Diaz, M. M. &amp; Barquez, R. M." box="[452,711,338,364]" editor="Kelt, D. A." journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Zoology 134" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="417 - 578" refString="Diaz, M. M. &amp; Barquez, R. M. (2007) The Wild Mammals of Jujuy Province, Argentina: Systematics and Distribution. In: Kelt, D. A., Lessa, E. P., Salazar-Bravo, J. &amp; Patton, J. L. (Eds.), The Quintessential Naturalist: Honoring the Life and Legacy of Oliver P. Pearson. University of California Publications in Zoology 134, pp. 417 - 578." title="The Wild Mammals of Jujuy Province, Argentina: Systematics and Distribution" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Quintessential Naturalist: Honoring the Life and Legacy of Oliver P. Pearson" year="2007">Díaz &amp; Barquez 2007</bibRefCitation>
), as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DAFC8F2DFAF5FEF9" authority="Diaz et al. 2000" authorityName="Diaz et al." authorityYear="2000" box="[945,1318,338,364]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DAFC8F2DFC10FEFE" box="[945,963,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DA9C8F2DFB80FEFE" box="[977,1107,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">spegazzinii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DD2F8F2DFACDFEF9" author="Diaz, M. M. &amp; Braun, J. K. &amp; Mares, M. A. &amp; Barquez, R. M." box="[1122,1310,338,364]" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 52" part="10" refString="Diaz, M. M., Braun, J. K., Mares, M. A. &amp; Barquez, R. M. (2000) An update of the taxonomy, systematics, and distribution of the mammals of Salta province, Argentina. Occasional Papers of the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, 10, 1 - 52." title="An update of the taxonomy, systematics, and distribution of the mammals of Salta province, Argentina" type="journal article" year="2000">
Díaz
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DDEC8F2DFB07FEFE" box="[1185,1236,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2000
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
or simply as a synonym of this last form (
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DB618F07FCB7FE07" author="Musser, G. M. &amp; Carleton, M. D." box="[556,868,376,402]" editor="Wilson, D. E." journalOrPublisher="Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="894 - 1531" refString="Musser, G. M. &amp; Carleton, M. D. (2005) Superfamily Muroidea .. In: Wilson, D. E. &amp; Reeder, D. M. (Eds.) Mammal species of the world: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Third ed. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, pp. 894 - 1531." title="Superfamily Muroidea .." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Mammal species of the world: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Third ed" year="2005">Musser &amp; Carleton 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DA3B8F07FBA7FE07" author="Jayat, J. P. &amp; Ortiz, P. E. &amp; Teta, P. &amp; Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G." box="[886,1140,376,402]" journalOrPublisher="Mastozoologia Neotropical" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="51 - 67" part="13" refString="Jayat, J. P., Ortiz, P. E., Teta, P., Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G. (2006) Nuevas localidades argentinas para algunos roedores sigmodontinos (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Mastozoologia Neotropical, 13, 51 - 67." title="Nuevas localidades argentinas para algunos roedores sigmodontinos (Rodentia: Cricetidae)" type="journal article" year="2006">
Pardiñas
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DAAA8F07FBF3FE04" box="[999,1056,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2006
</bibRefCitation>
). On the other hand,
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DCCE8F07FEE4FE23" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DCCE8F07FA46FE04" box="[1411,1429,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9D9DA8FE2FEE4FE23" box="[151,311,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recently considered as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DA3C8FE2FA8DFE22" authority="Musser &amp; Carleton 2005" authorityName="Musser &amp; Carleton" authorityYear="2005" box="[881,1374,413,439]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DA3C8FE2FC50FE23" box="[881,899,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DAD98FE2FBC5FE23" box="[916,1046,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">spegazzinii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DD6A8FE2FA85FE22" author="Musser, G. M. &amp; Carleton, M. D." box="[1063,1366,413,439]" editor="Wilson, D. E." journalOrPublisher="Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="894 - 1531" refString="Musser, G. M. &amp; Carleton, M. D. (2005) Superfamily Muroidea .. In: Wilson, D. E. &amp; Reeder, D. M. (Eds.) Mammal species of the world: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Third ed. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, pp. 894 - 1531." title="Superfamily Muroidea .." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Mammal species of the world: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Third ed" year="2005">Musser &amp; Carleton 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, as a subspecies of this last form (
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9D8AF8FBDFD1FFE49" author="Jayat, J. P. &amp; Ortiz, P. E. &amp; Teta, P. &amp; Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G." box="[482,716,450,476]" journalOrPublisher="Mastozoologia Neotropical" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="51 - 67" part="13" refString="Jayat, J. P., Ortiz, P. E., Teta, P., Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G. (2006) Nuevas localidades argentinas para algunos roedores sigmodontinos (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Mastozoologia Neotropical, 13, 51 - 67." title="Nuevas localidades argentinas para algunos roedores sigmodontinos (Rodentia: Cricetidae)" type="journal article" year="2006">
Pardiñas
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DB1D8FBDFD50FE4E" box="[592,643,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2006
</bibRefCitation>
) or as a valid species (
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DA9F8FBDFB04FE49" author="Diaz, M. M. &amp; Barquez, R. M." box="[978,1239,450,476]" editor="Kelt, D. A." journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Zoology 134" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="417 - 578" refString="Diaz, M. M. &amp; Barquez, R. M. (2007) The Wild Mammals of Jujuy Province, Argentina: Systematics and Distribution. In: Kelt, D. A., Lessa, E. P., Salazar-Bravo, J. &amp; Patton, J. L. (Eds.), The Quintessential Naturalist: Honoring the Life and Legacy of Oliver P. Pearson. University of California Publications in Zoology 134, pp. 417 - 578." title="The Wild Mammals of Jujuy Province, Argentina: Systematics and Distribution" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Quintessential Naturalist: Honoring the Life and Legacy of Oliver P. Pearson" year="2007">Díaz &amp; Barquez 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DDA78FBDFA4FFE49" author="Cabrera, A." box="[1258,1436,450,476]" journalOrPublisher="Revista Chilena de Historia Natural" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="319 - 321" part="30" refString="Cabrera, A. (1926) Dos roedores nuevos de las montanas de Catamarca. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 30, 319 - 321." title="Dos roedores nuevos de las montanas de Catamarca" type="journal article" year="1926">Cabrera (1926)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9D8438F97FE04FD94" box="[270,471,488,514]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucolimnaeus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9D8438F97FEF3FD94" box="[270,288,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9D8638F97FE04FD94" box="[302,471,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">leucolimnaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on two specimens of Laguna Blanca and one from Salar de Antofalla,
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9CFFB9DC108F97FE81FDB2" country="Argentina" name="Catamarca" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Catamarca Province</collectingRegion>
.
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9D8108C72FD9CFDB2" author="Gyldenstolpe, N." bookContentInfo="164 pp." box="[349,591,525,551]" journalOrPublisher="Kunglia Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, Stockholm, 11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Gyldenstolpe, N. (1932) A manual of Neotropical sigmodont rodents. Kunglia Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, Stockholm, 11, 164 pp." title="A manual of Neotropical sigmodont rodents" type="book" year="1932">Gyldenstolpe (1932)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that this form be included in the genus
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DDD08C72FF13FDD9" authority="Ameghino. For" authorityName="Ameghino. For" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Necromys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DDD08C72FAC2FDB3" box="[1181,1297,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Necromys</emphasis>
Ameghino. For
</taxonomicName>
many years this nominal form was considered as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DAFD8C4DFB30FDD9" authority="Thomas" authorityName="Thomas" box="[944,1251,562,588]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Necromys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lactens">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DAFD8C4DFBADFDDE" box="[944,1150,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Necromys lactens</emphasis>
Thomas
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DDBE8C4DFA44FDD9" author="Cabrera, A." box="[1267,1431,562,588]" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales &quot; Bernardino Rivadavia &quot;, Zoologia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="309 - 732" part="4" refString="Cabrera, A. (1961) Catalogo de los mamiferos de America del Sur. Parte II. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales &quot; Bernardino Rivadavia &quot;, Zoologia, 4 (2), 309 - 732." title="Catalogo de los mamiferos de America del Sur. Parte II" type="journal article" year="1961">Cabrera 1961</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9D9DA8C27FEC7FDE7" author="Reig, O. A." box="[151,276,600,626]" journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana, Zoology, new series" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 506" part="39" refString="Reig, O. A. (1987) An assessment of the systematics and evolution of the Akodontini, with the description of new fossil species of Akodon (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Pp. 347 - 399 in Studies in Neotropical mammalogy. Essays in honor of Philips Hershkovitz (Patton, B. D. &amp; Timm, R. M., eds.). Fieldiana, Zoology, new series, 39, 1 - 506." title="An assessment of the systematics and evolution of the Akodontini, with the description of new fossil species of Akodon (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Pp. 347 - 399 in Studies in Neotropical mammalogy. Essays in honor of Philips Hershkovitz (Patton, B. D. &amp; Timm, R. M., eds.)" type="journal article" year="1987">Reig 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9D86C8C27FD99FDE7" author="Musser, G. M. &amp; Carleton, M. D." box="[289,586,600,626]" editor="Wilson, D. E." journalOrPublisher="Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="501 - 756" refString="Musser, G. M. &amp; Carleton, M. D. (1993) Familia Muridae. In: Wilson, D. E. &amp; Reeder, D. M. (Eds.), Mammals species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 501 - 756." title="Familia Muridae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Mammals species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference" year="1993">Musser &amp; Carleton 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DB1A8C27FCFBFDE7" author="Diaz, M. M. &amp; Braun, J. K. &amp; Mares, M. A. &amp; Barquez, R. M." box="[599,808,600,626]" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 10" part="2" refString="Diaz, M. M., Braun, J. K., Mares, M. A. &amp; Barquez, R. M. (1997) Key of Mammals of Salta Province, Argentina. Occasional Papers of the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, 2, 1 - 10." title="Key of Mammals of Salta Province, Argentina" type="journal article" year="1997">
Mares
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DBE58C27FD0FFDE4" box="[680,732,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 1997
</bibRefCitation>
) but
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DA288C27FB8AFDE7" author="Galliari, C. A. &amp; Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; Goin, F. J." box="[869,1113,600,626]" journalOrPublisher="Mastozoologia Neotropical" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="39 - 61" part="3" refString="Galliari, C. A., Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; Goin, F. J. (1996) Lista comentada de los mamiferos argentinos. Mastozoologia Neotropical, 3, 39 - 61." title="Lista comentada de los mamiferos argentinos" type="journal article" year="1996">
Galliari
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DA8A8C27FC28FDE4" box="[967,1019,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. (1996)
</bibRefCitation>
regarded it a valid species, allied to the
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9D8678C02FE1BFD03" box="[298,456,637,662]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boliviensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9D8678C02FE1BFD03" box="[298,456,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A. boliviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. This view was maintained by
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DAC98C02FB68FD02" author="Musser, G. M. &amp; Carleton, M. D." box="[900,1211,637,663]" editor="Wilson, D. E." journalOrPublisher="Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="894 - 1531" refString="Musser, G. M. &amp; Carleton, M. D. (2005) Superfamily Muroidea .. In: Wilson, D. E. &amp; Reeder, D. M. (Eds.) Mammal species of the world: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Third ed. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, pp. 894 - 1531." title="Superfamily Muroidea .." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Mammal species of the world: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Third ed" year="2005">Musser &amp; Carleton (2005)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9DDB98C02FF36FD29" author="Jayat, J. P. &amp; Ortiz, P. E. &amp; Teta, P. &amp; Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G." journalOrPublisher="Mastozoologia Neotropical" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="51 - 67" part="13" refString="Jayat, J. P., Ortiz, P. E., Teta, P., Pardinas, U. F. J. &amp; D'Elia, G. (2006) Nuevas localidades argentinas para algunos roedores sigmodontinos (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Mastozoologia Neotropical, 13, 51 - 67." title="Nuevas localidades argentinas para algunos roedores sigmodontinos (Rodentia: Cricetidae)" type="journal article" year="2006">
Pardiñas
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DC2C8C02FA46FD03" box="[1377,1429,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. (2006)
</bibRefCitation>
but its status was considered provisional.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="610936FBFF9CFFB9D98B8CB7FD28FAC9" blockId="31.[151,1437,152,1372]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Here we offer the first detailed description for
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DBB18CB7FC72FD74" box="[764,929,712,738]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DBB18CB7FCDDFD74" box="[764,782,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DA528CB7FC72FD74" box="[799,929,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above). We formally tested the taxonomic status of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9D8158C92FE1FFC93" box="[344,460,749,775]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9D8158C92FEB9FC93" box="[344,362,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9D8368C92FE1FFC93" box="[379,460,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">alterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DB478C92FD05FC93" box="[522,726,749,775]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucolimnaeus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DB478C92FDCFFC93" box="[522,540,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DB608C92FD05FC93" box="[557,726,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">leucolimnaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and established their conspecificity with respect to
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DC058C92FF21FCBE" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DC058C92FA89FC93" box="[1352,1370,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DC268C92FF21FCBE" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover, we corroborated the conspecificity of
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DA188D6DFC35FCBE" box="[853,998,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">tucumanesis</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DD688D6DFB18FCBE" box="[1061,1227,786,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DD688D6DFBE4FCBE" box="[1061,1079,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DD048D6DFB18FCBE" box="[1097,1227,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as suggested by
<bibRefCitation id="05274B0AFF9CFFB9D9DA8D47FE57FCC7" author="Myers, P. &amp; Patton, J. L. &amp; Smith, M. F." box="[151,388,824,850]" journalOrPublisher="Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 89" part="177" refString="Myers, P., Patton, J. L. &amp; Smith, M. F. (1990) A review of the boliviensis group of Akodon (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with emphasis on Peru and Bolivia. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 177, 1 - 89." title="A review of the boliviensis group of Akodon (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with emphasis on Peru and Bolivia" type="journal article" year="1990">
Myers
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9D9A68D47FEF2FCC4" box="[235,289,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. (1990)
</bibRefCitation>
. No clear or constant morphologic differences in skull characters among the specimens coming from Cachi, Laguna Blanca, vicinities of Otro Cerro, and Yungas forest in
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9CFFB9DD2F8D22FB1CFCE2" box="[1122,1231,861,887]" country="Argentina" name="Tucuman" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Tucumán</collectingRegion>
were found (
<figureCitation id="F98D2A7EFF9CFFB9DC218D22FF65FC09" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="32.[151,255,1910,1934]" captionTargetBox="[257,1286,437,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[247,1299,418,1877]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 11. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of skulls in Akodon alterus, Thomas (JPJ 1249; A, E and I), A. leucolimnaeus, Cabrera (JPJ 1842; B, F and J), A. spegazzinii, Thomas (JPJ 1205; C, G and K) and A. tucumanensis, J. A. Allen (JPJ 1191; D, H and L). All specimens of age class 2. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293861/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Moreover, haplotypes recovered from specimens collected near the
<typeStatus id="BE0D8859FF9CFFB9DABB8DFDFBFAFC09" box="[1014,1065,898,924]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DDF98DFDFAD6FC0E" box="[1204,1285,898,923]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DDF98DFDFAD6FC0E" box="[1204,1285,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">alterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and assignable to this form, and at the
<typeStatus id="BE0D8859FF9CFFB9D8A28DD7FDF1FC57" box="[495,546,936,962]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
localities of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DB8C8DD7FCB8FC54" box="[705,875,936,961]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucolimnaeus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DB8C8DD7FCB8FC54" box="[705,875,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">leucolimnaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DAEA8DD7FB94FC54" box="[935,1095,936,961]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DAEA8DD7FB94FC54" box="[935,1095,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form part of the
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DC578DD7FA4EFC54" box="[1306,1437,936,961]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DC578DD7FA4EFC54" box="[1306,1437,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade (
<figureCitation id="F98D2A7EFF9CFFB9D9A88DB2FEF9FC72" box="[229,298,973,999]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[278,1283,182,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[249,1323,152,1743]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Results of the phylogenetic analyses based on the first 801 bases of the cyt b gene of 71 sequences of Akodon. Topotype specimens included in the analyses are marked as follows: (a) A. alterus; (b) A. puer caenosus; (c) A. leucolimnaeus; (d) A. polopi new species (including the holotype); (e) A. spegazzinii; (f) A. sylvanus; and (g) A. tucumanensis. For those sequences retrieved from Genbank, accession numbers are provided next to species labels. For those sequences gathered by us, specimen collection numbers are provided next to species label; see Appendix I for locality data and Genbank accession numbers. A) Strict consensus tree of the 220 most parsimonious trees (length 1563, CI = 0.287, RI = 0.675). Numbers indicate parsimony jackknife values of the nodes at their right. Only jackknife values above 50 % are shown. B) Majority-rule consensus resulting from the Bayesian analysis. Numbers indicate posterior probability values of the nodes at their right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293462/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Therefore, the combination of genealogical, genetic (
<tableCitation id="2C340340FF9CFFB9DAF98DB2FBCDFC72" box="[948,1054,973,999]" captionStart="TABLE 12" captionStartId="22.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,351,713]" captionText="TABLE 12. Average percentage of observerd sequence divergence within and between seven species of the Akodon boliviensis species group. Standard error estimates are shown between parentheses and were obtained by a bootstrap procedure (500 replicates) in MEGA 4. Positions containing missing data were excluded only in pairwise sequence comparisons. Intraspecific values for A. lutescens and A. subfuscus were not calculated because a single sequence was available for each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/35C96673FF95FFB0D9DA8EE8FE63FEAC" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" tableUuid="35C96673FF95FFB0D9DA8EE8FE63FEAC">Table 12</tableCitation>
), morphologic, and morphometric (
<tableCitation id="2C340340FF9CFFB9D9898D8DFE94FB99" box="[196,327,1010,1036]" captionStart-0="TABLE 5" captionStart-1="TABLE 6" captionStart-2="TABLE 7" captionStart-3="TABLE 8" captionStartId-0="13.[120,210,616,639]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,239,151,175]" captionStartId-2="14.[151,239,1018,1042]" captionStartId-3="15.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox-0="[137,1798,718,1459]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1379,283,796]" captionTargetBox-2="[165,1348,1193,1811]" captionTargetBox-3="[165,1322,432,862]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionText-0="TABLE 5. Comparative measurements of young specimens (age class 2) of A. spegazzinii Thomas and all its associated nominal forms: A. alterus Thomas, leucolimnaeus Cabrera, and A. tucumanensis J. A. Allen. X: mean; SD: standard deviation; r: range; n: sample size." captionText-1="TABLE 6. Significative average values among young specimens (age class 2) of A. spegazzinii Thomas and all its associated nominal forms: A. alterus Thomas, A. leucolimnaeus Cabrera, and A. tucumanensis J. A. Allen; according the N HDS test. Abbreviations as provided in text." captionText-2="TABLE 7. Results of principal components analysis of craniodental measurements of young specimens (age class 2, n = 199) of A. spegazzinii Thomas (n = 40) and all its associated nominal forms: A. alterus Thomas (n = 18), A. leucolimnaeus Cabrera (n = 8), and A. tucumanensis J. A. Allen (n = 101). Asterisk indicates significative principal components after the Broken-stick test." captionText-3="TABLE 8. Results of Discriminant Analysis for young specimens (age class 2) of A. spegazzinii Thomas and all its associated nominal forms. Standardized coefficients for canonical variables. Topotype specimens included: A. spegazzinii (n = 40), A. leucolimnaeus (n = 8), A. alterus (n = 18), A. tucumanensis (n = 101)." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/35C96673FF8EFFABD9358C17FAB5FD0B" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/35C96673FF8DFFA8D9DA8EE8FDA3FF61" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/35C96673FF8DFFA8D9DA8D85FE62FB16" httpUri-3="http://table.plazi.org/id/35C96673FF8CFFA9D9DA8EE8FC30FF61" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" tableUuid-0="35C96673FF8EFFABD9358C17FAB5FD0B" tableUuid-1="35C96673FF8DFFA8D9DA8EE8FDA3FF61" tableUuid-2="35C96673FF8DFFA8D9DA8D85FE62FB16" tableUuid-3="35C96673FF8CFFA9D9DA8EE8FC30FF61">Tables 5- 8</tableCitation>
) evidence prompt us to suggest that
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DBBD8D8DFCB7FB9E" box="[752,868,1010,1036]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alterus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DBBD8D8DFCD1FB9E" box="[752,770,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DA5D8D8DFCB7FB9E" box="[784,868,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">alterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DA298D8DFCBAFB9E" box="[868,873,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DA228D8DFBEBFB9E" box="[879,1080,1010,1036]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucolimnaeus">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DA228D8DFC52FB9E" box="[879,897,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DAC28D8DFBEBFB9E" box="[911,1080,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">leucolimnaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DD3A8D8DFAE5FB9E" box="[1143,1334,1010,1035]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DD3A8D8DFAE5FB9E" box="[1143,1334,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A. tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9D8738A67FE35FBA4" box="[318,486,1048,1074]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spegazzinii">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9D8738A67FE83FBA4" box="[318,336,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9D8298A67FE35FBA4" box="[356,486,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">spegazzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We submit that the lack of large samples, coupled with the geographic and ecotypic variation in pelage described above, misinformed the original authorities of these nominal forms. Specimens from
<collectingRegion id="A372F819FF9CFFB9D8128A1DFE1EFBE9" box="[351,461,1122,1148]" country="Argentina" name="Tucuman" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Tucumán</collectingRegion>
(
<typeStatus id="BE0D8859FF9CFFB9D8908A1DFDC2FBE9" box="[477,529,1122,1148]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="A6B64D78FF9CFFB9DBD78A1CFCEAFBE9" box="[666,825,1123,1148]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="53C2EAE9FF9CFFB9DBD78A1CFCEAFBE9" box="[666,825,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) have very dark tones, almost black in some exemplars, which is typical of humid cloud forest dwellers. On the contrary, specimens from Laguna Blanca, in puna environments, have very clear tones, with buffy brown coloration. Individuals coming from Cachi and Otro Cerro are intermediate in coloration although they also differ among them. Cachi presents the typical environmental features of Monte de Sierras y Bolsones, with arid to semi-arid conditions, while Otro Cerro is dominated by relatively humid grasslands communities that are characteristic of the upper belt of Yungas in transition with high Andean environments (
<figureCitation id="F98D2A7EFF9CFFB9DBD88B3DFD3EFAC9" box="[661,749,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="30.[151,255,1323,1347]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,381,1302]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[159,1427,381,1302]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 10. Habitats of the type localities of the four nominal forms associated with A. spegazzinii: A) High altitudinal grasslands at 2400 m, near Otro Cerro, type locality of A. alterus Thomas. B) Puna environments in Laguna Blanca, 3200 m, type locality of A. leucolimnaeus Cabrera. C) Monte environments near Cachi, 2500 m, type locality of A. spegazzinii Thomas. D) Rain forest at Horco Molle, about 700 m, near the type locality of A. tucumanensis J. A. Allen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293860/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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