171 lines
16 KiB
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171 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.82.957" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3bdfb45a-09f7-46f9-b53d-f48f6471d920" ID-PMC="PMC3088495" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-82-35" ID-PubMed="21594055" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-82-35" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 82" ModsDocTitle="A synopsis of East-Mediterranean Synaphris Simon, 1894 (Araneae, Synaphridae) with a description of a new species from Israel" checkinTime="1451250784317" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Marusik, Yuri M. & Zonstein, Sergei" docDate="2011" docId="E3BC02D4478F19B736CE0223FD6B6C91" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 82: 35-44" docOrigin="ZooKeys 82" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.82.957" docTitle="Synaphris wunderlichi Marusik & Zonstein, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="FF861C7116523E5AFFF0FFC7A36A0455" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of East-Mediterranean Synaphris Simon, 1894 (Araneae, Synaphridae) with a description of a new species from Israel" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1668166915411" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A synopsis of East-Mediterranean Synaphris Simon, 1894 (Araneae, Synaphridae) with a description of a new species from Israel</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zonstein, Sergei</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>82</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>35</mods:start>
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<mods:end>44</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.82.957</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.82.957</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-82-35</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159361383" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:90027054-25C3-43EB-9C22-462F3640BCD0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3BC02D4478F19B736CE0223FD6B6C91" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:90027054-25C3-43EB-9C22-462F3640BCD0" class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris wunderlichi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wunderlichi">Synaphris wunderlichi</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="37">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 111, 1418-20
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Material</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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Holotype ♂ (TAU) and paratypes 29♂♂ (HUJ, TAU, GTM & ZMMU) ISRAEL: Adulam 8 km SSW Beit-Shemesh, 31°39'N, 34°57'E, 350-400 m, oak maquis (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus calliprinos" order="Fagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calliprinos">Quercus calliprinos</taxonomicName>
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), pitfall traps, 15.04.2003 (U. Columbus & T. Levanony).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="note">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Note</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Although the species was numerous in pitfall traps, the second author (SZ) was unable to find any specimen by hand-picking or sifting the litter.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Etymology</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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The species name is a patronym in honour of our friend and colleague, the noted arachnologist
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jörg">Joerg</normalizedToken>
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Wunderlich (Germany), who erected the subfamily Synaphrinae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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The new species can be separated from other East-Mediterranean species,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris orientalis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">Synaphris orientalis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris lehtineni" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lehtineni">Synaphris lehtineni</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris letourneuxi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="letourneuxi">Synaphris letourneuxi</taxonomicName>
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, by its smaller size (carapace <0.5, in all other species longer than 0.5). In addition to size, the new species can be recognized by the relatively smaller lamella (cf. Figs 8, 12-13), with less developed ridges. Number of lamellar ridges in the new species (about 6) is approximately half that of its East-Mediterranean congeners. In addition,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris wunderlichi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wunderlichi">Synaphris wunderlichi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. has a relatively shorter and thicker palpal femur (cf. Figs 14-15, 17-19, 22). The new species is most similar in size to
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris dalmatensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalmatensis">Synaphris dalmatensis</taxonomicName>
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Wunderlich, 1980, but the Balkan species has relatively longer legs, and unlike other
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Synaphris</taxonomicName>
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species, it has tarsus I shorter than metatarsus I (0.24 and 0.21 respectively). The shape of the lamella in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris dalmatensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalmatensis">Synaphris dalmatensis</taxonomicName>
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is unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Male. Total length 0.91-0.96. Carapace: 0.46 long, 0.41 wide, uniformly coloured light brown with three dorsal median setae as in other species. Abdomen oval, lighter than carapace, without pattern.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Leg joint measurements:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<table pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<tr pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" rowspan="1">Femur</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" rowspan="1">Patella & Tibia</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" rowspan="1">Metatarsus</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" rowspan="1">Tarsus</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" rowspan="1">Total</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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Figures 1-7. Prosoma and habitus of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris wunderlichi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wunderlichi">Synaphris wunderlichi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 1-3 prosoma with removed legs and palps, lateral, frontal and dorsal 4-5 habitus, dorsal and frontal 6-7 prosoma, lateral and ventral. Scale = 0.1 mm if not otherwise stated.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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Figures 8-15. Scanning electron microphotographs of the male palp of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris wunderlichi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wunderlichi">Synaphris wunderlichi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (8-11, 14),
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris lehtineni" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lehtineni">Synaphris lehtineni</taxonomicName>
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(12, 15) and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris orientalis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">Synaphris orientalis</taxonomicName>
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(13). 8, 12-13 prolateral 9 retrolateral 10 caudal 11 anterior 14-15 palp with removed bulbus showing femur-tibia, anterior. Scale = 0.1 mm if not otherwise stated.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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Figures 16-22. Male palp of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris lehtineni" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lehtineni">Synaphris lehtineni</taxonomicName>
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(16),
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris orientalis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">Synaphris orientalis</taxonomicName>
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(17),
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris wunderlichi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wunderlichi">Synaphris wunderlichi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (18-20) and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris letourneuxi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="letourneuxi">Synaphris letourneuxi</taxonomicName>
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(21-22). 16-18 prolateral 19, 22 retrolateral 20 anterior 21 retrolateral-anterior. Scale = 0.1 mm if not otherwise stated. 16-17 after
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<bibRefCitation author="Marusik, YM" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" pagination="125 - 130" title="A new species of Synaphris (Araneae, Synaphridae) from Ukraine." volume="13" year="2005">Marusik et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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; 21-22 after
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<bibRefCitation author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg (Neue Folge)" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" pagination="259 - 273" title="Ueber europaeische Symphytognathidae (Arach.: Araneae)." volume="23" year="1980">Wunderlich (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">The palp as in Figs 8-11, 14, 18-20. Femur short and thick; patella small; tibia wide, round and flat (Fig. 14); lamella lanceolate with six longitudinal ridges, lamella invisible in compound microscope in prolateral view, but can be found in terminal view (Fig. 20); seminal duct in the base of embolus is straight (Fig. 18).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Distribution. Type locality only.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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Comments. When we first examined these specimens from Israel, we thought that they might be conspecific with the generotype,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris letourneuxi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="letourneuxi">Synaphris letourneuxi</taxonomicName>
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, described and known from neighbouring Egypt. The type locality of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris letourneuxi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="letourneuxi">Synaphris letourneuxi</taxonomicName>
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, near Aswan
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="38" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
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=Assuan), is quite distant from southern Israel. The holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris letourneuxi" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="letourneuxi">Synaphris letourneuxi</taxonomicName>
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is 1.28 long, with carapace 0.53 long, distinctly larger than the new species. In addition to differences in the terminal part of the bulbus,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris letourneuxi" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="letourneuxi">Synaphris letourneuxi</taxonomicName>
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has a thinner and relatively longer palpal femur (cf. Fig. 22). Unfortunately, the lamella in this species remains unknown, as in all other species described prior to its first observation in 2003.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
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Map 1. A map showing type localities and distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris letourneuxi" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="letourneuxi">Synaphris letourneuxi</taxonomicName>
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(),
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris lehtineni" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lehtineni">Synaphris lehtineni</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ì">I</normalizedToken>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris wunderlichi" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wunderlichi">Synaphris wunderlichi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. () and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Synaphridae" genus="Synaphris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphris orientalis" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">Synaphris orientalis</taxonomicName>
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(¢).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |