510 lines
58 KiB
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510 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="B4F7EC437EFA2117E1AE6BDBDD2E72A8" ID-CLB-Dataset="4941" ID-DOI="10.1649/0010-065X-73.4.905" ID-GBIF-Dataset="549ef63a-2c40-4e70-b360-155e111016a3" ID-ISSN="1938-4394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4790165" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1621946898888" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Hespenheide, Henry A." docDate="2019" docId="DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2" docLanguage="en" docName="TheColeopBull.73.4.905-939.pdf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin (MIMICRY AND LAEMOSACCUS In an earlier paper (Hespenheide 1996), I presented the hypothesis that species of Laemosaccus of the L. nephele group with red humeral spots on the elytra were Batesian mimics of members of the Chrysomelidae in the subfamily Clytrinae. There is no evidence that Laemosaccus species are distasteful, and what is either L. nephele and / or L. obrieni have been reported as prey items of birds (Beal 1912). In Cave Creek Canyon, Cochise County, Arizona, 21 forms (species and “ subspecies ”) of Clytrinae were hypothesized to be the primary models of 22 species of mimics in the families Anthribidae (one species), Bruchidae (two species), Buprestidae (four species), Chrysomelidae, subfamily Cryptocephalinae (three species), Coccinellidae (six species), Curculionidae, subfamily Baridinae (one species), and Laemosaccus (five species). Of these, the coccinellids and the cryptocephaline chrysomelids are probably distasteful Mullerian co-mimics. Ecologically, the species of Laemosaccus co-occurred with their clytrine models on both desert legumes and canyon oaks, although more clytrine species occurred in the desert and more Laemosaccus species occurred in the canyons. Species of clytrines showing the mimetic pattern are common throughout Mexico (Bellamy 2003, who renamed the Mexican buprestid genus Acherusia Laporte and Gory, 1837 as Mimicoclytrina Bellamy to reflect their resemblance to clytrines), but decline in numbers of species and in the proportion of the clytrine fauna through Central America to Panama (Hespenheide 1996, fig. 2). Laemosaccus seems to follow a similar pattern. Mimicry is more common in large faunas, especially in wet tropical areas (Hespenheide 1986, 1995); because the largest clytrine fauna is in Mexico, the clytrine mimicry complex is also larger there (Hespenheide 1996). This complex has more members than I first enumerated and deserves further study. The evolution of mimicry produces resemblances between unrelated species (Laemosaccus and other putative mimics, with clytrines and perhaps other Chrysomelidae and Coccinellidae as models; see Hespenheide 1976, 1996) and selects against the divergence of related species. In Batesian mimicry - hypothesized to be the form of relationship between Laemosaccus and clytrines - the selection for precision of mimicry is stronger on the mimic (Laemosaccus), so that resemblances among them should be closer, regardless of ancestry. Close morphological resemblances based on ecology rather than ancestry may be termed mimetic homoplasy (Hespenheide 2005) and can make recognition of species difficult (as in Laemosaccus) or complicate phylogenetic analyses. I have speculated (Hespenheide 1996) that the sympatric “ subspecies ” of the clytrine models (Moldenke 1970) may in fact be reproductively isolated sibling species. It will be interesting to see whether or not genomic studies show the closeness of relationships among Laemosaccus species that the morphology suggests) 73 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-73.4.905" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D94AA43905A5ECAD3A4A280834A9134.5:TheColeopBull.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="6D94AA43905A5ECAD3A4A280834A9134" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Laemosaccus vaurieae Hespenheide 2019, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="B133EFA0-EBF9-441D-972E-211719F01736" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="931" masterDocId="27638446C7275728C07DE130FF9FFFF9" masterDocTitle="A Review of the Genus Laemosaccus Schönherr, 1826 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Mesoptiliinae) from Baja California and America North of Mexico: Diversity and Mimicry" masterLastPageNumber="939" masterPageNumber="905" pageNumber="931" updateTime="1698989715722" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2B19CD2A0B0F53507AE6FD932B92C71F">A Review of the Genus Laemosaccus Schönherr, 1826 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Mesoptiliinae) from Baja California and America North of Mexico: Diversity and Mimicry</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1ED7E72E76A518F2C95E6EEFA91B105C">Hespenheide, Henry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="05AE4C54CD1F14CC6A2FF77B3BA557EB">The Coleopterists Bulletin</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="979FC24823CDA9AA82DE79930DF9F214">MIMICRY AND LAEMOSACCUS In an earlier paper (Hespenheide 1996), I presented the hypothesis that species of Laemosaccus of the L. nephele group with red humeral spots on the elytra were Batesian mimics of members of the Chrysomelidae in the subfamily Clytrinae. There is no evidence that Laemosaccus species are distasteful, and what is either L. nephele and / or L. obrieni have been reported as prey items of birds (Beal 1912). In Cave Creek Canyon, Cochise County, Arizona, 21 forms (species and “ subspecies ”) of Clytrinae were hypothesized to be the primary models of 22 species of mimics in the families Anthribidae (one species), Bruchidae (two species), Buprestidae (four species), Chrysomelidae, subfamily Cryptocephalinae (three species), Coccinellidae (six species), Curculionidae, subfamily Baridinae (one species), and Laemosaccus (five species). Of these, the coccinellids and the cryptocephaline chrysomelids are probably distasteful Mullerian co-mimics. Ecologically, the species of Laemosaccus co-occurred with their clytrine models on both desert legumes and canyon oaks, although more clytrine species occurred in the desert and more Laemosaccus species occurred in the canyons. Species of clytrines showing the mimetic pattern are common throughout Mexico (Bellamy 2003, who renamed the Mexican buprestid genus Acherusia Laporte and Gory, 1837 as Mimicoclytrina Bellamy to reflect their resemblance to clytrines), but decline in numbers of species and in the proportion of the clytrine fauna through Central America to Panama (Hespenheide 1996, fig. 2). Laemosaccus seems to follow a similar pattern. Mimicry is more common in large faunas, especially in wet tropical areas (Hespenheide 1986, 1995); because the largest clytrine fauna is in Mexico, the clytrine mimicry complex is also larger there (Hespenheide 1996). This complex has more members than I first enumerated and deserves further study. The evolution of mimicry produces resemblances between unrelated species (Laemosaccus and other putative mimics, with clytrines and perhaps other Chrysomelidae and Coccinellidae as models; see Hespenheide 1976, 1996) and selects against the divergence of related species. In Batesian mimicry - hypothesized to be the form of relationship between Laemosaccus and clytrines - the selection for precision of mimicry is stronger on the mimic (Laemosaccus), so that resemblances among them should be closer, regardless of ancestry. Close morphological resemblances based on ecology rather than ancestry may be termed mimetic homoplasy (Hespenheide 2005) and can make recognition of species difficult (as in Laemosaccus) or complicate phylogenetic analyses. I have speculated (Hespenheide 1996) that the sympatric “ subspecies ” of the clytrine models (Moldenke 1970) may in fact be reproductively isolated sibling species. It will be interesting to see whether or not genomic studies show the closeness of relationships among Laemosaccus species that the morphology suggests</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="F0C1976DE17C72CEB8912EF9BFBD968D">2019-12-19</mods:number>
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<treatment id="DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5213744" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184571774" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5213744" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B133EFA0-EBF9-441D-972E-211719F01736" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="931" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
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<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C0D0E3F6FD8BFD22" authority="Hespenheide" authorityName="Hespenheide" authorityYear="2019" box="[173,532,710,731]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laemosaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaurieae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C0D0E3F6FE13FD22" bold="true" box="[173,396,710,731]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Laemosaccus vaurieae</emphasis>
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Hespenheide
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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Zoobank.org/
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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(
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<figureCitation id="CBC851ADC73D5732C118E226FE29FCD2" box="[357,438,790,811]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="20.[197,236,1444,1463]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,196,1426]" captionTargetId="figure-112@20.[175,1190,194,1428]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs. 13–18. Laemosaccus species, dorsal habitus. 13) L. clytrinoides; 14) L. howdenae; 15) L. rileyi; 16) L. vaurieae; 17) L. westcotti; 18) L. texanus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790227/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CBC851ADC73D5732C1BFE226FE44FCD2" box="[450,475,790,811]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="24.[197,236,1624,1643]" captionTargetBox="[183,1160,197,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-0@24.[175,1190,194,1609]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs. 25–30. Laemosaccus species. Dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus and paramere: 25) L. browerorum; 26) L. rileyi; 27) L. vaurieae; 28) L. westcotti; 29) L. peninsularis; 30) L. texanus, dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus only. 31) L. peninsularis, dorsal habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790257/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">27</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1BE91EA3C73D5732C0B8E270FCDEFE02" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="description">
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<paragraph id="534C4D28C73D5732C0B8E270FCCDFEA2" blockId="26.[173,660,832,1730]" lastBlockId="26.[707,1194,194,1730]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
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<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C0B8E270FE7AFCAC" bold="true" box="[197,485,832,853]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
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Description:
|
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<typeStatus id="8C48F38AC73D5732C135E270FE3BFCAC" box="[328,420,832,853]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
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Male.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
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Length
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C24AE270FD10FCAC" box="[567,655,832,853]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="5.15">5.15 mm</quantity>
|
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, width
|
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C090E26BFED8FC89" box="[237,327,859,880]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="2.25">2.25 mm</quantity>
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(
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<figureCitation id="CBC851ADC73D5732C125E26BFE3CFC89" box="[344,419,859,880]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="20.[197,236,1444,1463]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,196,1426]" captionTargetId="figure-112@20.[175,1190,194,1428]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs. 13–18. Laemosaccus species, dorsal habitus. 13) L. clytrinoides; 14) L. howdenae; 15) L. rileyi; 16) L. vaurieae; 17) L. westcotti; 18) L. texanus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790227/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Robust, subcylindrical from above and in cross section, broadly rounded behind, more narrowly so in front, black except each elytron with large, oval, red-orange spot half elytral length from posterior edge of humerus and just above lateral margins to elytral interval 3; pronotum and elytra glabrous, except for pronotal collar, thorax and abdomen ventrally with punctures each with a silvery seta, setae nearly obscuring surface, head with inconspicuous setae on sides of rostrum between eyes and antennal insertions and behind eyes, setae sparser on metafemora, more slender and erect on basal half of femora, tibiae and profemora inconspicuously setose, setae dense, hair-like, and erect on tergite 8; tergite 7 with small, scale-like setae on basal margin, otherwise appressed and hairlike. Head hemispherical,
|
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C1D0E434FD9BFAE0" box="[429,516,1284,1305]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.20 mm</quantity>
|
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wide, rostrum rounded-terete, finely punctate
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C1A0E42EFDABFACA" box="[477,564,1310,1331]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.90 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, antennae inserted at middle. Pronotum globose, relatively flattened in cross section and in lateral view, moderately rounded at lateral and anterior margins, conspicuously constricted before anterior margin,
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C0D0E493FE9DFA41" box="[173,258,1443,1464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.70 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C13DE493FE0AFA41" box="[320,405,1443,1464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="1.95">1.95 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, broadest just before middle, with lateral margins more strongly rounded in front than behind, finely, evenly punctate, punctures rounded longitudinally, confluent on apical half, with indistinct medial carina on basal third. Elytra slightly wider than pronotum at base,
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C0D0E773FE9FF9A1" box="[173,256,1603,1624]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C145E773FE14F9A1" box="[312,395,1603,1624]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="2.25">2.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
maximum width near apical 3/4, elytral striae much narrower than intervals, striae finely punctate, intervals rounded-angulate, interval 3 strongly toothed on middle third, interval 5 strongly toothed on apical half. Abdominal ventrite 1 slightly concave along midline, with dense, short, semi-erect setae. Profemora with strong, nearly perpendicular, acute ventral tooth beyond middle; meso- and metafemora each with small tooth. Genitalia as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBC851ADC73D5732C38CE01CFBA0FEB8" box="[1009,1087,300,321]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="24.[197,236,1624,1643]" captionTargetBox="[183,1160,197,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-0@24.[175,1190,194,1609]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs. 25–30. Laemosaccus species. Dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus and paramere: 25) L. browerorum; 26) L. rileyi; 27) L. vaurieae; 28) L. westcotti; 29) L. peninsularis; 30) L. texanus, dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus only. 31) L. peninsularis, dorsal habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790257/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
; aedeagus
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C2BEE076FC86FEA2" box="[707,793,326,347]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.60 mm</quantity>
|
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long.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="534C4D28C73D5732C2A6E051FCDEFE02" blockId="26.[707,1194,194,1730]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
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<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C2A6E051FC16FE8F" bold="true" box="[731,905,353,374]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
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<typeStatus id="8C48F38AC73D5732C2A6E051FCAFFE8F" box="[731,816,353,374]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
Female.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As male but
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C46BE051FBF0FE8F" box="[1046,1135,353,374]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="4.95">4.95 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C2BEE04BFC88FE69" box="[707,791,379,400]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, rostrum subcylindrical, shiny, finely punctate,
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C35CE0A6FCF2FE52" box="[801,877,406,427]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; pygidium weakly convex, coarsely punctate, setae inconspicuous, hair-like and appressed on tergite 7, semi-erect and denser only at apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BE91EA3C73D5732C2A6E330FB35FAB4" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="534C4D28C73D5732C2A6E330FB35FAB4" blockId="26.[707,1194,194,1730]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C2A6E330FC5AFDEC" bold="true" box="[731,965,512,533]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Specimens Examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C3A5E330FB94FD79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062651" collectingDate="1999-06-25" collectorName="H. A. Hespenheide" county="Cochise Co." latitude="31.933332" location="Onion Saddle" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-109.26667" municipality="Chiricahua Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C3A5E330FB36FDEC" bold="true" box="[984,1193,512,533]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C48F38AC73D5732C3A5E330FBA7FDEC" box="[984,1080,512,533]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="913783CAC73D5732C432E330FB3BFDEC" box="[1103,1188,512,533]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C2BEE32BFCA4FDC9" box="[707,827,539,560]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Cochise Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
, Pinery Cyn.,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73D5732C3BAE32BFBFBFDC9" box="[967,1124,539,560]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Chiricahua Mts.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, below
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C2BEE305FCC2FDB3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C2BEE305FCC2FDB3" box="[707,861,565,586]" county="Cochise Co." latitude="31.933332" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-109.26667" municipality="Chiricahua Mts." name="Onion Saddle" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Onion Saddle</location>
|
||
, 7200’,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73D5732C3A9E305FBB9FDB3" box="[980,1062,565,587]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" precision="925" value="31.933332">31°56’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73D5732C43FE305FB39FDB3" box="[1090,1190,565,587]" degrees="109" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" precision="925" value="-109.26667">109°16’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C2BEE360FCAEFD9C" box="[707,817,592,613]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1999-06-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C2BEE360FCAEFD9C" box="[707,817,592,613]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1999-06-25">25.06.1999</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C339E360FB90FD9C" box="[836,1039,592,613]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">H. A. Hespenheide</collectorName>
|
||
, on leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C2BEE35BFB94FD79" authority="Nutt. (USNM)" box="[707,1035,619,640]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gambelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C2BEE35BFCF0FD79" box="[707,879,619,640]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Quercus gambelli</emphasis>
|
||
Nutt. (USNM)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C465E35BFBB4FD36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062713" collectingDate="1981-07-22" collectorName="H. A. Hespenheide" county="Cochise Co." latitude="31.933332" location="Onion Saddle" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-109.26667" municipality="Chiricahua Mountains" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C465E35BFD66FD63" bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C48F38AC73D5732C465E35BFBEEFD79" box="[1048,1137,619,640]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="913783CAC73D5732C402E35BFD69FD63" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C37EE3B5FCE3FD63" box="[771,892,645,666]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Cochise Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73D5732C3F4E3B5FBFEFD63" box="[905,1121,645,666]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Chiricahua Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C410E3B5FC99FD4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C410E3B5FC99FD4C" county="Cochise Co." latitude="31.933332" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-109.26667" municipality="Chiricahua Mountains" name="Onion Saddle" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Onion Saddle</location>
|
||
, 7600’,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73D5732C32EE390FC3AFD4C" box="[851,933,671,693]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" precision="925" value="31.933332">31°56’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73D5732C3D1E390FB8FFD4C" box="[940,1040,671,693]" degrees="109" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" precision="925" value="-109.26667">109°16’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C467E390FB18FD4C" box="[1050,1159,672,693]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1981-07-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C467E390FB18FD4C" box="[1050,1159,672,693]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1981-07-22">22.07.1981</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C4EFE390FCFAFD36" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">H. A. Hespenheide</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C30BE38AFBB4FD36" authority="(USNM)" baseAuthorityName="USNM" box="[886,1067,698,719]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C30BE38AFC59FD36" box="[886,966,698,719]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(USNM)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C441E38AFBFBFCFC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062609" collectingDate="1939-06-15" collectionCode="OSU" collectorName="D. J. & J. N. Knull" country="United States of America" county="Cochise Co." location="Chiricahua" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C441E38AFCFAFD13" bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C48F38AC73D5732C441E38AFB3AFD36" box="[1084,1189,698,719]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BE40DB8C73D5732C2BEE3E5FD69FD13" box="[707,758,725,746]" name="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="913783CAC73D5732C371E3E5FCFEFD13" box="[780,865,725,746]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C30AE3E5FC66FD13" box="[887,1017,725,746]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Cochise Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C473E3E5FBE9FD13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C473E3E5FBE9FD13" box="[1038,1142,725,746]" country="United States of America" county="Cochise Co." name="Chiricahua" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Chiricahua</location>
|
||
M.,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C2BEE3C0FCAEFCFC" box="[707,817,752,773]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1939-06-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C2BEE3C0FCAEFCFC" box="[707,817,752,773]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1939-06-15">15.06.1939</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C340E3C0FC60FCFC" box="[829,1023,752,773]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">D. J. & J. N. Knull</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C457E3C0FBC2FCFC" box="[1066,1117,752,773]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9iaf-dk63" name="Oklahoma State University, Collection of Vertebrates" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">OSU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C40CE3C0FCBAFCC3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062328" collectingDate="1958-06-29" collectionCode="ASUHIC" collectorName="Brien" country="United States of America" location="Chiricahua Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C40CE3C0FCAFFCE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C40CE3C0FCAFFCE6" country="United States of America" name="Chiricahua Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Chiricahua Mts.</location>
|
||
, 6000’,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C3FDE23AFC71FCE6" box="[896,1006,778,799]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1958-06-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C3FDE23AFC71FCE6" box="[896,1006,778,799]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1958-06-29">29.06.1958</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, C. W. O’
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C42EE23AFB18FCE6" box="[1107,1159,778,799]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Brien</collectorName>
|
||
(3,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C2BEE215FC80FCC3" box="[707,799,805,826]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">ASUHIC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C33FE215FC0CFCAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062721" collectingDate="1978-06-06" collectionCode="SWRS" country="United States of America" location="Salsbury Trail" municipality="Chiricahua Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73D5732C33FE215FC70FCC3" box="[834,1007,805,826]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Chiricahua Mts.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C476E215FB3AFCC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C476E215FB3AFCC3" box="[1035,1189,805,826]" country="United States of America" municipality="Chiricahua Mts." name="Salsbury Trail" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Salsbury Trail</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C2BEE20FFCBDFCAD" box="[707,802,831,852]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1978-06-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C2BEE20FFCBDFCAD" box="[707,802,831,852]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1978-06-06">6.06.1978</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C33AE20FFC14FCAD" box="[839,907,831,852]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0f0f-ez9j" name="Southwestern Research Station" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">SWRS</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C3E1E20FFB80FC96" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062478" collectingDate="1968-11-07" collectionCode="SWRS" collectorName="V. D. Roth" country="United States of America" location="Price Cyn." municipality="Chiricahua Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73D5732C3E1E20FFBA8FCAD" box="[924,1079,831,852]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Chiricahua Mts.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C442E20FFB39FCAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C442E20FFB39FCAD" box="[1087,1190,831,852]" country="United States of America" municipality="Chiricahua Mts." name="Price Cyn." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Price Cyn.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C2BEE26AFCAFFC96" box="[707,816,858,879]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1968-11-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C2BEE26AFCAFFC96" box="[707,816,858,879]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1968-11-07">11.07.1968</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C341E26AFC37FC96" box="[828,936,858,879]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">V. D. Roth</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C3A9E26AFB87FC96" box="[980,1048,858,879]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0f0f-ez9j" name="Southwestern Research Station" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">SWRS</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C456E26AFC71FC70" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062734" collectingDate="1999-06-25" collectionCode="BMNH, CHAH" collectorName="H. A. Hespenheide" country="United States of America" county="Cochise Co." latitude="31.933332" location="Onion Saddle" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-109.26667" municipality="Chiricahua Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
same data as Holotype (5,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C335E244FC0DFC70" box="[840,914,884,905]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C3E2E244FC79FC70" box="[927,998,884,905]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">CHAH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C386E244FC0DFC47" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062554" collectingDate="1987-07-27" collectionCode="WFBM" collectorName="W. F. Barr" country="United States of America" location="Rustler Park" municipality="Chiricahua Mtns." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73D5732C386E244FB39FC70" box="[1019,1190,884,905]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Chiricahua Mtns.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C2BEE2BFFCDAFC5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C2BEE2BFFCDAFC5D" box="[707,837,911,932]" country="United States of America" municipality="Chiricahua Mtns." name="Rustler Park" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Rustler Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C325E2BFFC59FC5D" box="[856,966,911,932]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1987-07-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C325E2BFFC59FC5D" box="[856,966,911,932]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1987-07-27">27.07.1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C3A4E2BFFBD0FC5D" box="[985,1103,911,932]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">W. F. Barr</collectorName>
|
||
, beating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C2BEE299FC8CFC47" box="[707,787,937,958]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C2BEE299FC8CFC47" box="[707,787,937,958]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C342E299FC14FC47" box="[831,907,937,958]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/brtj-zfcn" name="W.F. Barr Entomological Collection" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">WFBM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C3E2E299FB3AFC20" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062385" collectingDate="1987-07-27" collectionCode="ASUHIC" collectorName="G. H. Nelson" country="United States of America" location="Park" municipality="Rustler'" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73D5732C3E2E299FC74FC46" box="[927,1003,937,959]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Rustler’</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
s
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C380E299FBB4FC47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C380E299FBB4FC47" box="[1021,1067,937,958]" country="United States of America" municipality="Rustler'" name="Park" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C44AE299FB3AFC47" box="[1079,1189,937,958]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1987-07-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C44AE299FB3AFC47" box="[1079,1189,937,958]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1987-07-27">27.07.1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C2BEE2F4FCDEFC20" box="[707,833,964,985]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">G. H. Nelson</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectedFrom id="E0EF0ED5C73D5732C337E2F4FB80FC20" box="[842,1055,964,985]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C31AE2F4FB80FC20" box="[871,1055,964,985]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chihuahuana">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C31AE2F4FB80FC20" box="[871,1055,964,985]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Pinus chihuahuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C43FE2F4FB01FC20" box="[1090,1182,964,985]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">ASUHIC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C2BEE2EFFC57FBF7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062613" collectingDate="1999-07-24" collectionCode="ASUHIC" collectorName="F. W. Skillman Jr." country="United States of America" location="Pinery Canyon" municipality="Chiricahua Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73D5732C2BEE2EFFCC1FC0D" box="[707,862,991,1012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Chiricahua Mts.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C31AE2EFFC68FC0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C31AE2EFFC68FC0D" box="[871,1015,991,1012]" country="United States of America" municipality="Chiricahua Mts." name="Pinery Canyon" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Pinery Canyon</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C47DE2EFFBF1FC0D" box="[1024,1134,991,1012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1999-07-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C47DE2EFFBF1FC0D" box="[1024,1134,991,1012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1999-07-24">24.07.1999</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C40AE2EFFCA6FBF7" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">F. W. Skillman Jr.</collectorName>
|
||
(3,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C31BE2C9FC5DFBF7" box="[870,962,1017,1038]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">ASUHIC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C3ABE2C9FBEFFBD0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062562" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Barber & Schwarz" country="United States of America" county="Coconino Co." location="Williams" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C3A1E2C9FBF5FBF7" box="[988,1130,1017,1038]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Coconino Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
],
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C403E2C9FD67FBD0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C403E2C9FD67FBD0" country="United States of America" county="Coconino Co." name="Williams" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Williams</location>
|
||
, “19.9,”
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C331E524FC13FBD0" box="[844,908,1044,1065]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Barber</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C3D7E524FC64FBD0" box="[938,1019,1044,1065]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Schwarz</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C45DE524FBF6FBD0" box="[1056,1129,1044,1065]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C404E524FCE1FBA7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062545" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="D. K. Duncan & Parker" country="United States of America" county="Gila Co." location="Base Pinal Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C403E524FD77FBBA" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Gila Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
?],
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C378E51EFC3DFBBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C378E51EFC3DFBBA" box="[773,930,1070,1091]" country="United States of America" county="Gila Co." name="Base Pinal Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Base Pinal Mts.</location>
|
||
, 4000’, 07,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C467E51EFB3AFBBA" box="[1050,1189,1070,1091]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">D. K. Duncan</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C2BEE579FC9FFBA7" box="[707,768,1097,1118]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Parker</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C348E579FCE8FBA7" box="[821,887,1097,1118]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">CASC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C3F2E579FB3AFB81" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062461" collectingDate="1957-08-01" collectionCode="ASUHIC" collectorName="Brien" country="United States of America" county="Graham Co." location="Graham Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C3F2E579FB92FBA7" box="[911,1037,1097,1118]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Graham Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C463E579FB39FBA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C463E579FB39FBA7" box="[1054,1190,1097,1118]" country="United States of America" county="Graham Co." name="Graham Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Graham Mts.</location>
|
||
, 8000’,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C371E553FCF1FB81" box="[780,878,1123,1144]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1957-08-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C371E553FCF1FB81" box="[780,878,1123,1144]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1957-08-01">1.08.1957</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, C. W. O’
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C3A0E553FB8EFB81" box="[989,1041,1123,1144]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Brien</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C43FE553FB01FB81" box="[1090,1182,1123,1144]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">ASUHIC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C2BEE54EFB39FB6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062394" box="[707,1190,1150,1171]" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="Phoenix, C & Palm" country="United States of America" county="Maricopa Co." location="Maricopa Co." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C2B5E54EFCC8FB6A" box="[712,855,1150,1171]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Maricopa Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C310E54EFC7FFB6A" box="[877,992,1150,1171]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Phoenix, C</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C392E54EFBBFFB6A" box="[1007,1056,1150,1171]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Palm</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C42FE54EFB00FB6A" box="[1106,1183,1150,1171]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C2BEE5A9FC10FB31" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062406" collectingDate="1966-06-28" collectionCode="WFBM" collectorName="R. L. Westcott" country="United States of America" county="Yavapai Co." location="Mingus Mt." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C2BEE5A9FCDAFB57" box="[707,837,1177,1198]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Yavapai Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C324E5A9FC48FB57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C324E5A9FC48FB57" box="[857,983,1177,1198]" country="United States of America" county="Yavapai Co." name="Mingus Mt." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Mingus Mt.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C396E5A9FBC6FB57" box="[1003,1113,1177,1198]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1966-06-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C396E5A9FBC6FB57" box="[1003,1113,1177,1198]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1966-06-28">28.06.1966</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C413E5A9FC8AFB31" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">R. L. Westcott</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C341E583FC16FB31" box="[828,905,1203,1224]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/brtj-zfcn" name="W.F. Barr Entomological Collection" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">WFBM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C3E4E583FC30FB1A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062685" collectingDate="1964-06-29" collectionCode="FSCA" collectorName="G. H. Nelson" country="United States of America" location="Prescott" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C3E4E583FC5AFB31" box="[921,965,1203,1224]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
|
||
S
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C3A2E583FBB2FB31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C3A2E583FBB2FB31" box="[991,1069,1203,1224]" country="United States of America" name="Prescott" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="Arizona">Prescott</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C44AE583FB3AFB31" box="[1079,1189,1203,1224]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1964-06-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C44AE583FB3AFB31" box="[1079,1189,1203,1224]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1964-06-29">29.06.1964</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C2BEE5FEFCDEFB1A" box="[707,833,1230,1251]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">G. H. Nelson</collectorName>
|
||
(6,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C314E5FEFC36FB1A" box="[873,937,1230,1251]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C3C4E5FEFBC2FAE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062420" collectingDate="1971-06-01" collectionCode="CHAH" collectorName="R. W. Hamilton & T. J. Pilat & D. J. Witt" country="United States of America" county="Grant Co." location="Gila Natl. For." municipality="Mimbres Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Mexico" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C3C4E5FEFBA2FB1A" bold="true" box="[953,1085,1230,1251]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="913783CAC73D5732C3C4E5FEFBA6FB1A" box="[953,1081,1230,1251]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C439E5FEFB39FB1A" box="[1092,1190,1230,1251]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Grant Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73D5732C2BEE5D8FCCFFB04" box="[707,848,1256,1277]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Mimbres Mts.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C320E5D8FC6DFB04" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C320E5D8FC6DFB04" box="[861,1010,1256,1277]" country="United States of America" county="Grant Co." municipality="Mimbres Mts." name="Gila Natl. For." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="New Mexico">Gila Natl. For.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C382E5D8FBFEFB04" box="[1023,1121,1256,1277]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1971-06-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C382E5D8FBFEFB04" box="[1023,1121,1256,1277]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1971-06-01">1.06.1971</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C413E5D8FC80FAE1" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">R. W. Hamilton</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C35BE433FCE4FAE1" box="[806,891,1283,1304]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">T. J. Pilat</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C3EBE433FC72FAE1" box="[918,1005,1283,1304]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">D. J. Witt</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C472E433FBC9FAE1" box="[1039,1110,1283,1304]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">CHAH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73D5732C418E433FB39FAB4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3335062429" collectingDate="1948-06-19" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="H. S. Barber" country="United States of America" county="Sierra Co." elevation="2493" location="Mimbres Mts." municipality="Kingston" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Mexico" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[Grant/
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73D5732C2BEE42DFCB4FACB" box="[707,811,1309,1330]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Sierra Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
], nr.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73D5732C319E42DFC21FACB" box="[868,958,1309,1330]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Kingston</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C3B1E42DFBC5FACB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C3B1E42DFBC5FACB" box="[972,1114,1309,1330]" country="United States of America" county="Sierra Co." municipality="Kingston" name="Mimbres Mts." pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="New Mexico">Mimbres Mts.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73D5732C415E42DFD70FAB4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73D5733C0D0E3F6FDE8FEA2:562C1BF3C73D5732C415E42DFD70FAB4" country="United States of America" county="Sierra Co." municipality="Kingston" name="Emory Pass" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" stateProvince="New Mexico">Emory Pass</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C28AE408FCDCFAB4" box="[759,835,1336,1357]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4926544" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="ft" value="8178.0">
|
||
<elevation id="D8DEAA1BC73D5732C28AE408FCDCFAB4" box="[759,835,1336,1357]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4926544" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="ft" value="8178.0">8,178 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73D5732C337E408FC27FAB4" box="[842,952,1336,1357]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1948-06-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73D5732C337E408FC27FAB4" box="[842,952,1336,1357]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" value="1948-06-19">19.06.1948</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73D5732C3BDE408FBABFAB4" box="[960,1076,1336,1357]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">H. S. Barber</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73D5732C42BE408FB00FAB4" box="[1110,1183,1336,1357]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BE91EA3C73D5732C2A6E462FCB2FA2B" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="534C4D28C73D5732C2A6E462FCB2FA2B" blockId="26.[707,1194,194,1730]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C2A6E462FC86FA9E" bold="true" box="[731,793,1362,1383]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Hosts.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults have been collecteld on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C425E462FD72FA7B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gambelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C425E462FD72FA7B" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Q. gambelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and undetermined oaks, and on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C43EE45DFCE4FA64" authority="Engelm." authorityName="Engelm." class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chihuahuana">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C43EE45DFCBCFA64" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Pinus chihuahuana</emphasis>
|
||
Engelm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C3E2E4B8FCB5FA2B" authority="(Engelm.) E. Murray" authorityName="E. Murray" baseAuthorityName="Engelm." class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="leiophylla" variety="chihuahuana">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C3E2E4B8FBA3FA64" box="[927,1084,1416,1437]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Pinus leiophylla</emphasis>
|
||
Scheide & Dieppe var.
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C33AE492FC5BFA4E" box="[839,964,1442,1463]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">chihuahuana</emphasis>
|
||
(Engelm.) E. Murray (Pinaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BE91EA3C73D5732C2A6E4E7FCFCF9AE" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="534C4D28C73D5732C2A6E4E7FCFCF9AE" blockId="26.[707,1194,194,1730]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C2A6E4E7FCD2FA15" bold="true" box="[731,845,1495,1516]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named in honor of the late Patricia Vaurie of the American Museum of Natural History, a Coleopterist who included weevils among her studies (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Patricia_Vaurie).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BE91EA3C73D5733C2A6E76DFDE8FEA2" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="932" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="534C4D28C73D5733C2A6E76DFDE8FEA2" blockId="26.[707,1194,194,1730]" lastBlockId="27.[151,638,194,347]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="932" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C2A6E76DFCD4F98B" bold="true" box="[731,843,1629,1650]" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
With
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C3FFE76DFC65F98B" authorityName="Hespenheide" authorityYear="2019" box="[898,1018,1629,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laemosaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C3FFE76DFC65F98B" box="[898,1018,1629,1650]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">L. howdenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C479E76DFBF1F98B" authorityName="Hespenheide" authorityYear="2019" box="[1028,1134,1629,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laemosaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaurieae">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C479E76DFBF1F98B" box="[1028,1134,1629,1650]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">L. vaurieae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the largest species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73D5732C3B8E748FBB8F974" box="[965,1063,1656,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nephele">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C3B8E748FBB8F974" box="[965,1063,1656,1677]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">L. nephele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. Males vary in length from
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C3E4E7A2FBD7F95E" box="[921,1096,1682,1703]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="4.55" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="3.9">3.90 to 5.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean =
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5732C2BEE79DFCBFF93B" box="[707,800,1709,1730]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.58" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="4.58">4.58 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73D5732C34CE79DFCA2F93B" box="[817,829,1709,1730]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="931">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 14); females vary from
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73D5733C41DE79DFF73FF2E" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="932" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.15" metricValueMin="4.35" pageId="26" pageNumber="931" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="6.15" valueMin="4.35">4.35 to 6.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean =
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73C5733C13EE1F2FE05FF2E" box="[323,410,194,215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.98" pageId="27" pageNumber="932" unit="mm" value="4.98">4.98 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73C5733C1DEE1F2FE30FF2E" box="[419,431,194,215]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="932">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 15). The rostrum of both sexes is unusually long for the genus, those of females being about one-fifth longer than that of males. Unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73C5733C13CE021FE22FEDF" authorityName="Hespenheide" authorityYear="2019" box="[321,445,273,294]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laemosaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="932" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73C5733C13CE021FE22FEDF" box="[321,445,273,294]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="932">L. howdenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73C5733C1B6E021FDA6FEDF" authorityName="Hespenheide" authorityYear="2019" box="[459,569,273,294]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laemosaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="932" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaurieae">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73C5733C1B6E021FDA6FEDF" box="[459,569,273,294]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="932">L. vaurieae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is glabrous dorsally, has strong teeth on elytral intervals 3 and 5, and males have unusually robust genitalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |