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<document id="1364C0EEB39CCA78B49B50B55185DEF3" ID-CLB-Dataset="32713" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4287.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="91e8f5fd-1e15-4c4f-872f-3d4c50d0c8a7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="829051" ID-ZooBank="13C4F702-EF00-4F04-B38E-3F0AA6CAF718" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1500110702684" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="ROBERTO CALDARA, CHARLES W. OBRIEN &amp; MASSIMO MEREGALLI" docDate="2017" docId="D17787854F511F260DD76D901413FAB7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4287.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4287 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bagous tubulus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="2D4EFFFD4F7D1F0A0D406F35171FFFD9" masterDocTitle="A phylogenetic analysis of the aquatic weevil tribe Bagoini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) based on morphological characters of adults" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="45" updateTime="1698465391549" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="96B6A8833F36C32A877B91E785E941C8">A phylogenetic analysis of the aquatic weevil tribe Bagoini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) based on morphological characters of adults</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="19B34F8C1B733D6371377B0D5EB45308">ROBERTO CALDARA</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9C5CA5E2D2971FE982DA5FBB0C2164E2">CHARLES W. OBRIEN</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="D17787854F511F260DD76D901413FAB7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4386698" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132549370" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4386698" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D17787854F511F260DD76D901413FAB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D17787854F511F260DD76D901413FAB7" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<subSubSection id="11C465184F511F260DD76D9016CCFD66" box="[151,467,677,703]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="596136934F511F260DD76D9016CCFD66" blockId="44.[151,467,677,703]" box="[151,467,677,703]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="022981FF4F511F260DD76D9016CCFD66" bold="true" box="[151,467,677,703]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="1">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260DD76D9016CCFD66" bold="true" box="[151,467,677,703]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
15.
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260D836D90169EFD66" ID-CoL="5WC2Y" box="[195,385,677,703]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubulus">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260D836D90169EFD66" bold="true" box="[195,385,677,703]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Bagous tubulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11C465184F511F260DD76DD913E5FC61" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="596136934F511F260DD76DD913E5FC61" blockId="44.[151,1436,748,1390]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260DD76DD9160EFCDC" bold="true" box="[151,273,748,773]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body elongate-cylindrical. Pronotum 0.90x or more as long as broad (char. 26.1). Rostrum cylindrical, narrow, elongate (especially in female). Elytra nearly as wide as pronotum, without calli (char. 36.0). Sclerites complex within tube of penis body with a pair of submedian subapical sclerites posteriorly joined (char. 84.2), with chela-like basal portion. Median setal brush behind orifice situated at base of subapical sclerites (char. 93.1). Penis body elongate, with sinuate and subparallel sides. Tegmen lacking parameroid lobes (char. 111.2). Arms of spiculum ventrale longer than apodemes, with long apical setae (char. 113.1). Gonocoxites elongate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11C465184F511F260D876CF11413FAB7" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="596136934F511F260D876CF117F0FB24" blockId="44.[151,1436,748,1390]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260D876CF11624FC04" bold="true" box="[199,315,964,989]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</emphasis>
This group is characterized by the rostrum being cylindrical, narrow, and elongate (especially in the female), and a series of non-genital characters,
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260FF46CDC15C3FBD9" box="[692,732,1001,1024]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">e.g.</emphasis>
, the elongate body, and genital character states in part shared also by the species of the
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260CF96B38154BFBFC" box="[441,596,1036,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindricus">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260CF96B38154BFBFC" box="[441,596,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. cylindricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. Previously,
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260E706B3814BAFBFC" box="[816,933,1036,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lixus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260E706B3814BAFBFC" box="[816,933,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260E9C6B381343FBFC" box="[988,1116,1036,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majzlani">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260E9C6B381343FBFC" box="[988,1116,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. majzlani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(formerly
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F2609976B39124AFBFC" box="[1239,1365,1036,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Dicranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F2609976B39124AFBFC" box="[1239,1365,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Dicranthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) were separated in a distinct group by
<bibRefCitation id="3D4F4B624F511F260F546B1A1457FB91" box="[532,840,1071,1096]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Caldara, R. &amp; O'Brien, C. W. (1998) Systematics and evolution of weevils of the genus Bagous. VI. Taxonomic treatment of the species of the western Palaearctic Region (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 76 [1997], 131 - 347." type="journal article">Caldara &amp; OBrien (1998)</bibRefCitation>
due to their very distinctive habitus, including the pattern of the dorsal vestiture (char. 39.1 and 39.2), and the shape of the elytra in which the confluence of intervals 3 and 9 is markedly raised and forms a long posteriorly-projecting process (char. 38.1). In both all-species (
<figureCitation id="C1E52A164F511F2608106B42128BFB49" box="[1360,1428,1143,1168]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1348,224,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,193,1816]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 9. Morphological analysis—all species. Bayesian consensus tree (50 % majority rule). Numbers above branches: support values, in percentage, in the following order: posterior probability (BI) / bootstrap value (ML) / symmetric resampling (MP); ns means that the group was present, but its support was &lt;50 %; np means that the group was not present. Number below branches: Bremer support in the MP analysis. Scale bar unit: expected changes of state per character. MP analysis: length 261, consistency index = 0.61, retention index = 0.83. Outgroup taxa not reported to increase readability of the Bagoini clade." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/829069/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) and type-species (
<figureCitation id="C1E52A164F511F260C276BA916A4FB6D" box="[359,443,1180,1205]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[189,1391,196,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[189,1391,196,1816]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 10. Morphological analysis—type species only. Bayesian consensus tree (50 % majority rule). Taxa in bold font: valid taxa recognized in the present work; larger font: genera, smaller font: subgenera. Taxa in regular font: synonyms in the present work. Numbers above branches: support values, in percentage, in the following order: posterior probability (BI) / bootstrap value (ML) / symmetric resampling (MP); ns means that the group was present, but its support was &lt;50 %; np means that the group was not present. Number below branches: Bremer support in the MP analysis. Scale bar unit: expected changes of state per character. MP analysis: length 146, consistency index = 0.70, retention index = 0.78." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/829071/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) analyses this group was strongly supported; the complex comprising
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F2609B26BA81601FB01" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F2609B26BA81277FB6C" box="[1266,1384,1180,1205]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubulus">B. tubulus</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F2608C46BA81601FB01" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friwaldszkyi">B. friwaldszkyi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was sister to the complex
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260F216BF41463FB01" box="[609,892,1215,1240]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260F216BF415C5FB01" box="[609,730,1215,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lixus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">B. elegans</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260FB86BF41463FB01" box="[760,892,1215,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majzlani">B. majzlani</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. This group is composed of seven Palaearctic species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="596136934F511F260D876A3F1413FAB7" blockId="44.[151,1436,748,1390]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Species included.
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260CD06A3F16D1FAFA" bold="true" box="[400,462,1290,1315]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">PAL:</emphasis>
§*³
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260CB46A391471FAFA" authority="Fabricius, 1801" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1801" box="[500,878,1290,1315]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260CB46A3915BBFAFA" box="[500,676,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Bagous elegans</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1801)
</taxonomicName>
; *²
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260ECF6A391201FAFA" authority="Tournier, 1874" authorityName="Tournier" authorityYear="1874" box="[911,1310,1290,1315]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friwaldszkyi">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260ECF6A39136EFAFA" box="[911,1137,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Bagous friwaldszkyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D4F4B624F511F2609376A3F1201FAFA" author="Tournier" box="[1143,1310,1290,1315]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Tournier, H. (1874) Materiaux pour la monographie de la tribu des Erirrhinides de la famille des Curculionides (Coleopteres). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 17, 63 - 116." type="journal article" year="1874">Tournier, 1874</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ¹
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F2608716A391654FA93" authority="Hustache, 1927" authorityName="Hustache" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="henoni">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F2608716A391283FAFA" box="[1329,1436,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. henoni</emphasis>
Hustache, 1927
</taxonomicName>
, *4
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260C2E6A071483FA93" authority="Kodada, Holecova &amp; Behne, 1992" authorityName="Kodada, Holecova &amp; Behne" authorityYear="1992" box="[366,924,1329,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majzlani">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260C2E6A0716EEFA93" box="[366,497,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. majzlani</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3D4F4B624F511F260F416A04148CFA93" author="Kodada" box="[513,915,1329,1354]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Kodada, J., Holecova, M. &amp; Behne, L. (1992) The genus Dicranthus. I. Taxonomic revision, karyology and notes on the biology (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau, 62, 195 - 211." type="journal article" year="1992">Kodada, Holecova &amp; Behne, 1992</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; ¹
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260EF26A071214FA93" authority="Tournier, 1874" authorityName="Tournier" authorityYear="1874" box="[946,1291,1329,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mingrelicus">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260EF26A071348FA93" box="[946,1111,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. mingrelicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D4F4B624F511F2609216A041214FA93" author="Tournier" box="[1121,1291,1329,1354]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Tournier, H. (1874) Materiaux pour la monographie de la tribu des Erirrhinides de la famille des Curculionides (Coleopteres). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 17, 63 - 116." type="journal article" year="1874">Tournier, 1874</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ¹
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F2608616A071651FAB7" authority="Hochhuth, 1847" authorityName="Hochhuth" authorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F2608616A071283FA90" box="[1313,1436,1330,1353]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. minutus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D4F4B624F511F260DD76A601651FAB7" author="Hochhuth" box="[151,334,1365,1390]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Hochhuth, I. H. (1847) Enumeration der Russelkafer, welche vom Baron Maximilian von Chaudoir und vom Baron A. von Gotsch auf ihren Reisen im Kaukasus und in Transkaukasien im Jahre 1845 gesammelt wurden; nebst Beschreibung der neuentdeckten Arten. Bulleten' Moskovskogo obsestva ispytatelej prirody, 20 (1), 448 - 587." type="journal article" year="1847">Hochhuth, 1847</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, *¹
<taxonomicName id="9EDE4D104F511F260C306A631418FAB7" authority="Caldara &amp; O'Brien, 1994" authorityName="Caldara &amp; O'Brien" authorityYear="1994" box="[368,775,1365,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Bagous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubulus">
<emphasis id="6BAAEA814F511F260C306A6316FDFAB7" box="[368,482,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. tubulus</emphasis>
Caldara &amp; OBrien, 1994
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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