treatments-xml/data/CE/48/3A/CE483A7E607AFF9100A41DFA6DC95D22.xml

<document id="B5E109A393CA885A8BB388EB91E0E1AA" ID-CLB-Dataset="29879" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4434.1.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8af5fc81-469d-4745-9eff-ddcefdcd289e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1291046" ID-ZooBank="3202101F-A605-4AE9-9941-1F543976E4DD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1529082967677" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ge, Ying-Qiang, Zhang, Dong &amp; Thomas, Pape" docDate="2018" docId="CE483A7E607AFF9100A41DFA6DC95D22" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4434.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4434 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Ge &amp; Zhang &amp; Thomas 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="134" masterDocId="32714206607BFF95003319536C165F1F" masterDocTitle="A new species of Wohlfahrtia Brauer &amp; Bergenstamm (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from northwestern China, with three new synonymies and a pictorial synopsis" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="130" pageNumber="131" updateTime="1698549728599" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="047A01187665A67DCF6766500D2D20EA">A new species of Wohlfahrtia Brauer &amp; Bergenstamm (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from northwestern China, with three new synonymies and a pictorial synopsis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="539941E978F6E5D41FF535F14A1A5303">Ge, Ying-Qiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C10D4471FD0A0E7B5B0C83F5439EAA48">Zhang, Dong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2BB4F311550103925111DA9A7C218D0E">Thomas, Pape</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="CE483A7E607AFF9100A41DFA6DC95D22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5983996" ID-GBIF-Taxon="145966396" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5983996" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE483A7E607AFF9100A41DFA6DC95D22" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE483A7E607AFF9100A41DFA6DC95D22" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">
<subSubSection id="0EFBD8E3607AFF9400A41DFA6D2D5BFA" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="465E8B68607AFF9400A41DFA6EE75BDC" blockId="1.[151,753,1193,1253]" box="[151,753,1193,1219]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">
<heading id="1D163C04607AFF9400A41DFA6EE75BDC" bold="true" box="[151,753,1193,1219]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" reason="1">
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9400A41DFA6EE75BDC" bold="true" box="[151,753,1193,1219]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName id="81E1F0EB607AFF9400A41DFA6E9A5BDC" ID-CoL="8GTMQ" authority="Pape &amp; Zhang" authorityName="Ge &amp; Zhang &amp; Thomas" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,652,1193,1219]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Wohlfahrtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinisternum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9400A41DFA6DD95BDC" bold="true" box="[151,463,1193,1219]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Wohlfahrtia spinisternum</emphasis>
Pape &amp; Zhang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6FA6EA01607AFF9402A01DFA6EE75BDC" box="[659,753,1193,1219]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="465E8B68607AFF9400A41D9F6D2D5BFA" blockId="1.[151,753,1193,1253]" box="[151,315,1228,1253]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">
(
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED607AFF9400AC1D9F6D155BFB" box="[159,259,1228,1253]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1955,1977]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1422,728,1938]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[158,1422,728,1938]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Habitus, left lateral vieW. B. Head and thorax, dorsal vieW. C. Head, left lateral vieW. D. Head, anterolateral vieW. E. Head, anterior vieW. Scale bars: A = 2.00 mm, B–E = 1.00 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Abdomen, dorsal vieW. B. Terminalia, left lateral vieW. C. Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. D. Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. E. Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1291048/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED607AFF94013C1D9F6D255BFA" box="[271,307,1228,1253]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1812,1834]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,483,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[240,1347,483,1784]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male terminalia and abdomens of Wohlfahrtia spp. A. W. intermedia (Portschinsky). B. W. magnifica (Schiner). C. W. monegrosensis Wyatt &amp; Hall. D. W. nuba (Wiedemann). E. W. pachytyli (ToWnsend). F. W. pavlovskyi Rohdendorf. G. W. smarti Salem. H. W. spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang. I. W. stackelbergi Rohdendorf. J. W. trina (Wiedemann). K. W. vigil (Walker) (left) and W. meigenii (Schiner) (right) sensu Verves (1985). L. W. villeneuvi Salem.[A, F, G (loWer part) and I from Rohdendorf (1956); B, D, J and L from Lehrer (2003); C, G (upper part) from Hall et al. (2009); E from Zumpt (1972); J from Séguy (1933); K from Verves (1985).]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291058/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">6H</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EFBD8E3607AFF9400A41C476DC85A6B" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" type="materials_examined">
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material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="995A35CA607AFF9401601C476DAD5A32" box="[339,443,1300,1325]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="50E740E1607AFF9401F51C466DCD5A33" box="[454,475,1301,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="20F013AD607AFF9401DE1C476E535A33" box="[493,581,1300,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">NZMC</collectionCode>
): 
<collectingCountry id="3EF6CBF8607AFF9402681C476EB75A32" box="[603,673,1300,1325]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="8425458A607AFF9402831C476F035A32" box="[688,789,1300,1325]" country="China" name="Xinjiang Uygur" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Xinjiang</collectingRegion>
, Fuyun County / Kalamaili Nat. Cns. Ctr. [= Kalamaili Nature Conservation 
<collectingRegion id="8425458A607AFF9401B51C6B6DC75A4F" box="[390,465,1336,1360]" country="France" name="Centre" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Center</collectingRegion>
or Kalamaili Nature Reserve] / 
<geoCoordinate id="23D5EDAF607AFF94030A1C646F8F5A4F" box="[825,921,1335,1360]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" precision="925" value="45.216667">45°13’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="23D5EDAF607AFF9403931C6468165A4F" box="[928,1024,1335,1360]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" precision="925" value="88.833336">88°50’E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="8119268D607AFF94043F1C6B685A5A4F" box="[1036,1100,1336,1360]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" unit="m" value="900.0">900m</quantity>
/ 
<date id="325FADA8607AFF9404511C6B69165A4F" box="[1122,1280,1336,1360]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" value="2014-05-24" valueMax="2014-05-27" valueMin="2014-05-24">24–27.V.2014</date>
, T. Pape (
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED607AFF94055C1C646CA15A6B" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Abdomen, dorsal vieW. B. Terminalia, left lateral vieW. C. Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. D. Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. E. Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
) [collected by sweep net].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EFBD8E3607AFF9400F41C2C682E5938" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="465E8B68607AFF9400F41C2C682E5938" blockId="1.[151,1437,1300,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9400F41C2C6D575A87" bold="true" box="[199,321,1407,1432]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Similar to other 
<taxonomicName id="81E1F0EB607AFF9401CE1CD36E945A87" authorityName="Brauer &amp; Bergenstamm" authorityYear="1889" box="[509,642,1408,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Wohlfahrtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9401CE1CD36E945A87" box="[509,642,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Wohlfahrtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. in eXternal morphology. Male mid femur distally with unmodified 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9400A41CF66CA45AA3" box="[151,178,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">pv</emphasis>
bristles (i.e., no ctenidium). Abdominal tergites 3–5 each with three black spots; median spot on tergite 3 large, tear-shaped and reaching posterior margin; median spot on tergite 4 confined to posterior half; median spot on tergite 5 confined to posterior quarter. Male sternite 5 with thorn-like eXpansion of posterior margin. Phallus long and slender, with well-developed ventral lobe at base and spoon-shaped distal part.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EFBD8E3607AFF9700F41F676D885D7F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" type="description">
<paragraph id="465E8B68607AFF9400F41F676EB55953" blockId="1.[151,1437,1300,2011]" box="[199,675,1588,1613]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9400F41F676D4F5952" bold="true" box="[199,345,1588,1613]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF94016C1F676DB75953" box="[351,417,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Male.</emphasis>
Body length 
<quantity id="8119268D607AFF9402041F676E885953" box="[567,670,1588,1612]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="131" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.80 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="465E8B68607AFF9400F41F046962581F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1300,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Head. Eye bare, red; fronto-orbital plate and parafacial black, with silvery microtomentum; frontal vitta with silvery grey microtomentum; frontal bristles 9–10, stronger anteriorly; gena and occiput with dense and long black bristles; gena 0.34 times as high as eye in lateral view; occiput not swollen; antenna not reaching level of vibrissal insertion; pedicel reddish brown; postpedicel greyish, 2.40 times as long as pedicel; arista longer than postpedicel, short plumose on basal 3/7; vibrissa and peristomal bristles well developed; palpus dirty yellow, with black tip.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="465E8B68607AFF9700F41E5F680A5FE7" blockId="1.[151,1437,1300,2011]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">
ThoraX. Ground colour black, with silvery microtomentum; chaetotaXy: acrostichals 2+3; dorsocentrals 2+3; intra-alars 2+2; supra-alars 3; scutellum with 1 pair of basal, lateral, apical and discal bristles, respectively; meral bristles strong, 10, in single row; katepisternal bristles 1:1. 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9403011E066F7C5873" box="[818,874,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Wing</emphasis>
. Hyaline; subcostal sclerite and basicosta yellow; cell r4+5 narrowly open at wing margin; lower calypter yellowish white. 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9403ED1E2A6805588F" box="[990,1043,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">Legs</emphasis>
. Black, eXcept knee reddish; fore femur with dense and elongated bristles in rows along 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9403391ECC6F0E58A8" box="[778,792,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">d</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9403141ECC6F5558A8" box="[807,835,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">pd</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF94034E1EF36F8158A8" box="[893,919,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">pv</emphasis>
surfaces; fore tibia with 3 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9404FE1ECC68CD58A8" box="[1229,1243,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">d</emphasis>
bristles on basal half, 1 apical 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9401041E906D5358C4" box="[311,325,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">d</emphasis>
bristle, 1 median 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9402291E906E2058C4" box="[538,566,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">pd</emphasis>
bristle and 1 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9402EA1E906EE258C5" box="[729,756,1987,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">pv</emphasis>
bristle; mid femur with strong 
<emphasis id="7495577A607AFF9404521E90687B58C5" box="[1121,1133,1987,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="131">v</emphasis>
bristles in single row and without an apical 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF97015419CA6D945FAF" box="[359,386,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">pv</emphasis>
ctenidium; mid tibia with 1 near-median 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF97035419CB6F955FAF" box="[871,899,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">ad</emphasis>
bristle, 1 near-median 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9704A219CB68BB5FAF" box="[1169,1197,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">pd</emphasis>
bristle, 1 median 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9705B219CA698D5FAF" box="[1409,1435,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">av</emphasis>
bristle and 1 median 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9701B119EE6D8B5FCB" box="[386,413,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">pv</emphasis>
bristle,; hind femur with dense and elongated bristles in rows along 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9704AF19EF68AE5FCB" box="[1180,1208,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">ad</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9704F519EE68F75FCB" box="[1222,1249,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">av</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF97052419EE69275FCB" box="[1303,1329,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">pv</emphasis>
surfaces; hind tibia with strong 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9701BD19B36DBC5FE7" box="[398,426,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">ad</emphasis>
bristles in single row, and with fringe of long 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF97038319B26FAA5FE7" box="[944,956,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">v</emphasis>
bristles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="465E8B686079FF9700F4185768605D23" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">
Abdomen. Ground colour black, with silvery microtomentum; tergites 1+2–5 with black, distinct spots; median spot on tergite 3 large, tear-shaped and reaching posterior margin; median spot on each of tergites 4 and 5 smaller and lighter and confined to posterior half and posterior quarter, respectively; tergites 4–5 and syntergosternite 7+8 with strong marginal bristles; tergite 5 with dense fringe of long bristles on ventral margin (
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED6079FF9700AC18C76CEA5EB3" box="[159,252,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Abdomen, dorsal vieW. B. Terminalia, left lateral vieW. C. Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. D. Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. E. Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
); sternite 5 strongly sclerotiZed, with posterior margin produced into a sharp and sclerotiZed point (
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED6079FF97055C18C76CAD5ECF" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Abdomen, dorsal vieW. B. Terminalia, left lateral vieW. C. Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. D. Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. E. Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); sternite 6 projecting posteriorly as a light brown, rounded process (
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED6079FF9703E418E468245ECF" box="[983,1074,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Abdomen, dorsal vieW. B. Terminalia, left lateral vieW. C. Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. D. Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. E. Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); epandrium orange red; cercus long and with dorsal outline almost straight in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED6079FF97037A188F6FB55EEB" box="[841,931,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Abdomen, dorsal vieW. B. Terminalia, left lateral vieW. C. Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. D. Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. E. Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
); surstylus large, triangular, with strong and stout bristles subapically on posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED6079FF97028418AC6F055D07" box="[695,787,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Abdomen, dorsal vieW. B. Terminalia, left lateral vieW. C. Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. D. Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. E. Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
); postgonite with long bristle at base; phallus long and slender, with well-developed ventral lobe at base and spoon-shaped distal part (
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED6079FF9704231B77687E5D23" box="[1040,1128,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Abdomen, dorsal vieW. B. Terminalia, left lateral vieW. C. Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. D. Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. E. Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="465E8B686079FF9700F41B1B6D885D7F" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,414,583,608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9700F41B1B6D0D5D7F" box="[199,283,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Female</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EFBD8E36079FF9700F41B3F6DB25D9A" box="[199,420,620,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="465E8B686079FF9700F41B3F6DB25D9A" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,420,620,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9700F41B3F6D315D9A" bold="true" box="[199,295,620,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Biology.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EFBD8E36079FF9700F41BDC6ED35DB7" box="[199,709,655,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="465E8B686079FF9700F41BDC6ED35DB7" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,709,655,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9700F41BDC6D765DB7" bold="true" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Distribution.</emphasis>
Palaearctic—China (
<collectingRegion id="8425458A6079FF97027C1BDC6EAE5DB7" box="[591,696,655,680]" country="China" name="Xinjiang Uygur" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Xinjiang</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="129EDBE06079FF9700A41EF06CEE58E9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291048/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="132" startId="2.[151,250,1955,1977]" targetBox="[158,1422,728,1938]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="465E8B686079FF9700A41EF06CEE58E9" blockId="2.[151,1436,1955,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9700A41EF06D0258A7" bold="true" box="[151,276,1955,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="81E1F0EB6079FF9701281EF06EAC58A6" authority="Pape &amp; Zhang" authorityName="Ge &amp; Zhang &amp; Thomas" authorityYear="2018" box="[283,698,1955,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Wohlfahrtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinisternum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9701281EF06E0858A6" box="[283,542,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">Wohlfahrtia spinisternum</emphasis>
Pape &amp; Zhang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6FA6EA016079FF9702F11EF06F0558A7" box="[706,787,1955,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132" rank="species">
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9702F11EF06F0558A7" bold="true" box="[706,787,1955,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype ♂. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9703901EF06FAD58A7" bold="true" box="[931,955,1955,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">A.</emphasis>
Habitus, left lateral vieW. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9704FE1EF068F258A7" bold="true" box="[1229,1252,1955,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">B.</emphasis>
Head and thorax, dorsal vieW. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9701291E926D2458C8" bold="true" box="[282,306,1985,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">C.</emphasis>
Head, left lateral vieW. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9702181E926E5258C9" bold="true" box="[555,580,1985,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">D.</emphasis>
Head, anterolateral vieW. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6079FF9703601E926F7F58C9" bold="true" box="[851,873,1985,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="132">E.</emphasis>
Head, anterior vieW. Scale bars: A = 2.00 mm, B–E = 1.00 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="129EDBE06078FF9600A41E2A6F3F58F4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="133" startId="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" targetBox="[151,1436,235,1841]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="465E8B686078FF9600A41E2A6F3F58F4" blockId="3.[151,1436,1913,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="7495577A6078FF9600A41E2A6D045891" bold="true" box="[151,274,1913,1935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="81E1F0EB6078FF96012B1E2A6EA65890" authority="Pape &amp; Zhang" authorityName="Ge &amp; Zhang &amp; Thomas" authorityYear="2018" box="[280,688,1913,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Wohlfahrtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinisternum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7495577A6078FF96012B1E2A6E0F5890" box="[280,537,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="133">Wohlfahrtia spinisternum</emphasis>
Pape &amp; Zhang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6FA6EA016078FF9602851E296F105890" box="[694,774,1914,1935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133" rank="species">
<emphasis id="7495577A6078FF9602851E296F105890" bold="true" box="[694,774,1914,1935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype ♂. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6078FF9603A31E2A6FBF5891" bold="true" box="[912,937,1913,1934]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133">A.</emphasis>
Abdomen, dorsal vieW. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6078FF9604AD1E2968A05890" bold="true" box="[1182,1206,1914,1935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133">B.</emphasis>
Terminalia, left lateral vieW. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6078FF9600E61ECB6CFB58B1" bold="true" box="[213,237,1944,1966]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133">C.</emphasis>
Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6078FF9601FE1EE46DF058D3" bold="true" box="[461,486,1975,1996]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133">D.</emphasis>
Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. 
<emphasis id="7495577A6078FF9601211E856D3F58F4" bold="true" box="[274,297,2006,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133">E.</emphasis>
Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0EFBD8E3607FFF9100F419C46E585EB3" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="465E8B68607FFF9100F419C46E585EB3" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF9100F419C46D2D5FAF" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="81E1F0EB607FFF91017519CB6F085FAF" authority="Pape &amp; Zhang" authorityName="Ge &amp; Zhang &amp; Thomas" authorityYear="2018" box="[326,798,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Wohlfahrtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinisternum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF91017519CB6E7E5FB0" box="[326,616,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">Wohlfahrtia spinisternum</emphasis>
Pape &amp; Zhang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6FA6EA01607FFF91031919C46F9F5FAF" box="[810,905,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" rank="species">
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF91031919C46F9F5FAF" bold="true" box="[810,905,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is undoubtedly a member of 
<taxonomicName id="81E1F0EB607FFF9104DE19CB69675FAF" authorityName="Brauer &amp; Bergenstamm" authorityYear="1889" box="[1261,1393,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Wohlfahrtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF9104DE19CB69675FAF" box="[1261,1393,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">Wohlfahrtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as evidenced by the abdominal colour pattern with distinct black spots on a dense, silvery microtomentum, and the shape of the phallus with an elongate, spoon-shaped distal part. The subapical cluster of long, straight bristles on the posterior margin of the surstylus and the thorn-like eXpansion of the posterior margin of male sternite 5 appear to be autapomorphic, separating this species from all its congeners (
<figureCitation id="DEDA97ED607FFF9103B81874681F5E5F" box="[907,1033,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Wohlfahrtia spinisternum Pape &amp; Zhang sp. nov., holotype ♂. A. Abdomen, dorsal vieW. B. Terminalia, left lateral vieW. C. Tip of abdomen and terminalia, right lateral vieW; upper arroW shoWing pointed process on sternite 5, loWer arroW shoWing projecting sternite 6. D. Post-abdomen, ventral vieW; arroW shoWing dense fringes of long bristles on ventral margin of tergite 5. E. Label. Scale bars: A = 1.00 mm, B–C = 0.50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1291050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">Figs 2B–D</figureCitation>
; 6H). The absence of a mid-femoral ctenidium is noteworthy as the only other species of 
<taxonomicName id="81E1F0EB607FFF9102D0181F6F7E5E7B" authorityName="Brauer &amp; Bergenstamm" authorityYear="1889" box="[739,872,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Wohlfahrtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF9102D0181F6F7E5E7B" box="[739,872,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">Wohlfahrtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without this structure is 
<taxonomicName id="81E1F0EB607FFF91044F181E6CCE5E97" authority="(Enderlein, 1934)" baseAuthorityName="Enderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Wohlfahrtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aschersoni">
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF91044F181E690E5E7B" box="[1148,1304,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">W. aschersoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2270F699607FFF910515181F6CC65E97" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" refId="ref3905" refString="Enderlein, G. (1934) Dipterologica. II. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, [1934], 181 - 190." type="journal article">Enderlein, 1934</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2270F699607FFF9100D9183C6D615E97" box="[234,375,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" refId="ref4658" refString="Salem, H. H. (1938) A complete revision of the species of the genus Wohlfahrtia B. B.: Diptera-Larvaevoridae-Metopiidae. Publications of Egyptian University Faculty of Medicine, 13, 1 - 90." type="journal article">Salem 1938</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="2270F699607FFF9101B618236E015E97" box="[389,535,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" refId="ref5020" refString="Verves, Yu. G. (1985) 64 h. Sarcophaginae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. Band 11 [Lieferung 330]. SchWeizerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 303 - 341." type="journal article">Verves 1985</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="2270F699607FFF91021518236EB75E97" box="[550,673,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" refId="ref4499" refString="Pape, T. (1995) A catalogue of the Sarcophagidae (Insecta: Diptera) described by G. Enderlein. Steenstrupia, 21, 1 - 30." type="journal article">Pape 1995</bibRefCitation>
), which is known from 
<collectingCountry id="3EF6CBF8607FFF910389182368165E97" box="[954,1024,368,392]" name="Egypt" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">Egypt</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="3EF6CBF8607FFF91043D183C68445E97" box="[1038,1106,367,392]" name="Libya" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">Libya</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="3EF6CBF8607FFF910452182368B05E97" box="[1121,1190,368,392]" name="Oman" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">Oman</collectingCountry>
and the 
<collectingCountry id="3EF6CBF8607FFF91053D183C6CED5EB2" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2270F699607FFF91013A18C76D955EB2" box="[265,387,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" refId="ref4530" refString="Pape, T. (1996) Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the World (Insecta: Diptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 8, 1 - 558." type="journal article">Pape 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="2270F699607FFF9101BC18C76E545EB3" box="[399,578,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" refId="ref4110" refString="Hall, M. J. R., Adams, Z. J. O., Wyatt, N. P., Testa, J. M., Edge, W., Nikolausz, M., Farkas, R. &amp; Ready, P. D. (2009) Morphological and mitochondrial DNA characters for identification and phylogenetic analysis of the myiasis-causing flesh fly Wohlfahrtia magnifica and its relatives, With a description of Wohlfahrtia monegrosensis sp. n. Wyatt &amp; Hall. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 23 (Supplement 1), 59 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2915.2008.00779. x" type="journal article">
Hall 
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF9101F518C66DE85EB3" box="[454,510,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EFBD8E3607FFF9100F418E46DC95D22" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="465E8B68607FFF9100F418E46DC95D22" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF9100F418E46D585ECF" bold="true" box="[199,334,439,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species epithet, which should be treated as a noun in apposition, is composed from the Latin nouns 
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF9100D7188E6D3A5EEB" box="[228,300,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">spinus</emphasis>
= thorn, and 
<emphasis id="7495577A607FFF9101FE188E6E315EEB" box="[461,551,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="134">sternum</emphasis>
= breastbone (term used for ventral arthropod sclerites). The new species is named after its uniquely-shaped male sternite 5, which is strongly sclerotiZed and gradually raised posteriorly into a sharp and sclerotiZed point.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>