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<mods:title id="FE996883824F1948A856E78C0D2A13FA">One new genus and five new nematode species (Monhysterida, Xyalidae) from Tonga and Kermadec Trenches, Southwest Pacific</mods:title>
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<treatment id="C619C521BA7B9B4CD8CCFAED33D5FF3A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5661412" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119617979" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5661412" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C619C521BA7B9B4CD8CCFAED33D5FF3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C619C521BA7B9B4CD8CCFAED33D5FF3A" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="513" pageId="12" pageNumber="513">
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<paragraph id="4E0F7437BA7B9B4DD8CCFAED33C3FACA" blockId="12.[151,505,1291,1317]" box="[151,505,1291,1317]" pageId="12" pageNumber="513">
<heading id="1547C35BBA7B9B4DD8CCFAED33C3FACA" bold="true" box="[151,505,1291,1317]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="513" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89B00FB4BA7B9B4DD8CCFAED33C3FACA" authority="Bussau, 1993" authorityName="Bussau" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,505,1291,1317]" class="Adenophorea" family="Xyalidae" genus="Manganonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monhysterida" pageId="12" pageNumber="513" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7B9B4DD8CCFAED33C3FACA" bold="true" box="[151,505,1291,1317]" pageId="12" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7B9B4DD8CCFAED3375FACA" bold="true" box="[151,335,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="513">Manganonema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A2109C6BA7B9B4DD90DFAED33C3FACA" author="Bussau" box="[342,505,1291,1317]" pageId="12" pageNumber="513" refString="Bussau, C. (1993) Taxonomische und okologische untersuchungen an nematoden des Peru-Beckens. PhD dissertation, University of Kiel, Germany, 622 pp." type="book" year="1993">Bussau, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="06AA27BCBA7B9B4DD8CCFAB733E4F95A" pageId="12" pageNumber="513" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4E0F7437BA7B9B4DD8CCFAB733E4F95A" blockId="12.[151,1437,1361,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7B9B4DD8CCFAB73330FA85" bold="true" box="[151,266,1361,1386]" pageId="12" pageNumber="513">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(modified from
<bibRefCitation id="2A2109C6BA7B9B4DD987FAB43113FA85" author="Fonseca" box="[476,809,1362,1386]" pageId="12" pageNumber="513" refString="Fonseca, G. &amp; Bezerra, T. N. (2014) Order Monhysterida. In: Shmidt-Rhaesa, A. (Ed.), Handbook of Zoology Gastrotricha, Cyclioneura and Gnathifera. Vol. 2. Nematoda, De Gruyter, Hamburg, pp. 435 - 465." type="book" year="2014">Fonseca &amp; Bezerra (2014))</bibRefCitation>
: Cuticle striated. Somatic setae short, more or less papilliform (1 µm), arranged in four longitudinal rows (two latero-ventral and two latero-dorsal). Conspicuous dummy-shaped anterior end, sometimes conico-cylindrical, with head diameter at least one third smaller than body diameter at level of amphideal fovea. Cephalic sensillae arranged in two circles: an anterior circle of six inner labial papillae, and a second circle of six outer labial setae and four cephalic sensillae (usually setiform). Amphideal fovea circular, 4090% of corresponding body diameter. Buccal cavity minute, surrounded by pharyngeal musculature. Secretory-excretory system absent. Male reproductive system usually monorchic, sometimes diorchic with opposed and outstretched testes; anterior testis to the left of intestine, posterior testis (when present) to the right of intestine. Spicules small; gubernaculum apparently absent. Tail conical to conico-cylindrical, with gradually tapering distal end.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="06AA27BCBA7B9B4CD89CF92733D5FF3A" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="514" pageId="12" pageNumber="513" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4E0F7437BA7B9B4CD89CF92733D5FF3A" blockId="12.[151,1437,1361,2012]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="514" pageId="12" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7B9B4DD89CF9273301F935" bold="true" box="[199,315,1729,1754]" pageId="12" pageNumber="513">Remarks.</emphasis>
Article 34.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature states that “The ending of a Latin or Latinised adjectival or participial species-group name must agree in gender with the generic name with which it is at any time combined; if the gender ending is incorrect it must be changed accordingly (the author and date of the name remain unchanged)”. However, Article 31.2.2 states that “Where the author of a species-group name did not indicate whether he or she regarded it as a noun or as an adjective, and where it may be regarded as either and the evidence of usage is not decisive, it is to be treated as a noun in opposition to the name of its genus (the original spelling is to be retained, with gender ending unchanged)”. Therefore, it is proposed that the endings of the following species names, which are best regarded as adjectives, be emended to reflect the neutral gender of the Greek—
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7A9B4CD97BFF7F3366FF5F" box="[288,348,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">nema</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="89B00FB4BA7A9B4CD930FF7F30ECFF5F" authority="Fonseca et al., 2006" authorityName="Fonseca et al." authorityYear="2006" box="[363,726,151,176]" class="Adenophorea" family="Xyalidae" genus="Manganonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monhysterida" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7A9B4CD930FF7F33D5FF5F" box="[363,495,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">M. robustus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A2109C6BA7A9B4CD9ADFF7E30ECFF5F" author="Fonseca" box="[502,726,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" refString="Fonseca, G., Decraemer, W. &amp; Vanreusel, A. (2006) Taxonomy and species distribution of the genus Manganonema Bussau, 1993 (Nematoda: Monhysterida). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 47, 189 - 203." type="journal article" year="2006">
Fonseca
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7A9B4CDA02FF7F30B3FF5F" box="[601,649,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">et al</emphasis>
., 2006
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="89B00FB4BA7A9B4CDB57FF7F3661FF5F" authority="Fonseca et al., 2006" authorityName="Fonseca et al." authorityYear="2006" box="[780,1115,151,176]" class="Adenophorea" family="Xyalidae" genus="Manganonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monhysterida" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="media">
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7A9B4CDB57FF7F314CFF5F" box="[780,886,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">M. media</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A2109C6BA7A9B4CDB27FF7E3661FF5F" author="Fonseca" box="[892,1115,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" refString="Fonseca, G., Decraemer, W. &amp; Vanreusel, A. (2006) Taxonomy and species distribution of the genus Manganonema Bussau, 1993 (Nematoda: Monhysterida). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 47, 189 - 203." type="journal article" year="2006">
Fonseca
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7A9B4CDB85FF7F3635FF5F" box="[990,1039,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">et al</emphasis>
., 2006
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(these species names should now end with the suffix—
<emphasis id="7CC4A825BA7A9B4CD9E7FF5833E4FF3A" box="[444,478,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">um</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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