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<document id="C30CAA859E20407149E6F250B29BDFE2" ID-DOI="10.37520/aemnp.2024.007" ID-ISSN="1804-6487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12519728" ID-ZooBank="B87622D2-95FB-4692-A76E-ABC00EF184B1" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1719248881067" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wang, Ji-Shen &amp; Zhao, Can-Jun" docDate="2024" docId="C549F960FFBB6169FEB1B8AEFD1FF7EE" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.64.1.79-106.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 64 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2024.007" docStyle="DocumentStyle:BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85.8:ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Panorpa issikiana Byers 1970" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="83" masterDocId="39708118FFBF616DFFAEBC5BFFF3FFF8" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the Panorpa issikiana species group, with descriptions of twenty new species (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="79" pageNumber="83" updateTime="1719249437345" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="1A4DDAE3AE9BBAF40B03BF7B2C813A14">Taxonomy of the Panorpa issikiana species group, with descriptions of twenty new species (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="46C2AA9A36E49FA04FD2C20A585937FB">Wang, Ji-Shen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6C313EA9C03B6C1EBBA5CDDDB21265D3">College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China; e-mail: wangjishen 826 @ gmail. com &amp; Cangshan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China &amp; Corresponding author</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="88565D5FE4145F6411BE218225BC94B1">Zhao, Can-Jun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5560CD5A2243BDF1A6A06024B39198DC">Biodiversity Conservation and Breeding Center (Dali) of Northwestern Yunnan, Bureau of the Cangshan-Erhai National Nature Reserve, Dali, Yunnan 671000, P. R. China; e-mail: 180389099 @ qq. com</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="4D5F4876FFBB6169FEB1B8AEFD83FAF4" blockId="4.[287,624,1268,1292]" box="[287,624,1268,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="1617FF1AFFBB6169FEB1B8AEFD83FAF4" box="[287,624,1268,1292]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="8AE033F5FFBB6169FEB1B8AEFD83FAF4" ID-CoL="4CGGB" authority="Byers, 1970" authorityName="Byers" authorityYear="1970" box="[287,624,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Panorpidae" genus="Panorpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="issikiana">
<emphasis id="7F949464FFBB6169FEB1B8AEFD83FAF4" bold="true" box="[287,624,1268,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="7F949464FFBB6169FEB1B8AEFE15FAF4" bold="true" box="[287,486,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Panorpa issikiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="29713587FFBB6169FE43B8AEFD83FAF4" author="BYERS G. W." box="[493,624,1269,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="383 - 394" refId="ref17270" refString="BYERS G. W. 1970: New and little known Chinese Mecoptera. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 43: 383 - 394." type="journal article" year="1970">Byers, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="05FA1BFDFFBB6169FE35B94FFE07FADF" box="[411,500,1300,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="description">
<paragraph id="4D5F4876FFBB6169FE35B94FFE07FADF" blockId="4.[411,500,1300,1319]" box="[411,500,1300,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
(
<figureCitation id="D5DB54F3FFBB6169FE0FB94FFE1EFADF" box="[417,493,1300,1319]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="5.[151,188,749,768]" captionTargetBox="[188,1422,167,743]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[143,1451,161,751]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14. Panorpa issikiana Byers, 1970, male. Redrawn after BYERS (1970). 1 epandrium, dorsal view. 2, 4 genital bulb, ventral and left-lateral views, respectively. 3 right paramere, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12519730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12519730/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Figs 14</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05FA1BFDFFBB6169FF39B964FE69F96E" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4D5F4876FFBB6169FF39B964FE69F96E" blockId="4.[151,761,1343,2070]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="7F949464FFBB6169FF39B964FEF6FAAE" bold="true" box="[151,261,1343,1366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(according to
<bibRefCitation id="29713587FFBB6169FE35B964FDEDFAAE" author="BYERS G. W." box="[411,542,1343,1366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="383 - 394" refId="ref17270" refString="BYERS G. W. 1970: New and little known Chinese Mecoptera. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 43: 383 - 394." type="journal article" year="1970">BYERS 1970</bibRefCitation>
). This species can be recognized by the combination of the following characters: in males, 1) gonostyli lacking median process with basal lobe slightly elongated and acute (
<figureCitation id="D5DB54F3FFBB6169FDBEB9C4FDA7FA4E" box="[528,596,1439,1462]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="5.[151,188,749,768]" captionTargetBox="[188,1422,167,743]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[143,1451,161,751]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14. Panorpa issikiana Byers, 1970, male. Redrawn after BYERS (1970). 1 epandrium, dorsal view. 2, 4 genital bulb, ventral and left-lateral views, respectively. 3 right paramere, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12519730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12519730/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); 2) parameres bifurcated, with ventral branch slightly shorter than half length of dorsal branch, extending beyond ventral valves of aedeagus, and enlarged subdistally (
<figureCitation id="D5DB54F3FFBB6169FD85B9A4FD7BF9EE" box="[555,648,1535,1558]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="5.[151,188,749,768]" captionTargetBox="[188,1422,167,743]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[143,1451,161,751]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14. Panorpa issikiana Byers, 1970, male. Redrawn after BYERS (1970). 1 epandrium, dorsal view. 2, 4 genital bulb, ventral and left-lateral views, respectively. 3 right paramere, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12519730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12519730/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Figs 2, 3</figureCitation>
); 3) dorsal branch of parameres crossed posterior to ventral valves of aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="D5DB54F3FFBB6169FE89BA64FE79F9AE" box="[295,394,1599,1622]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="5.[151,188,749,768]" captionTargetBox="[188,1422,167,743]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[143,1451,161,751]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14. Panorpa issikiana Byers, 1970, male. Redrawn after BYERS (1970). 1 epandrium, dorsal view. 2, 4 genital bulb, ventral and left-lateral views, respectively. 3 right paramere, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12519730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12519730/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Figs 2, 3</figureCitation>
); 4) dorsal processes of aedeagus diverged in distal 1/3 and forming median cleft (
<figureCitation id="D5DB54F3FFBB6169FD06BA04FD18F98E" box="[680,747,1631,1654]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="5.[151,188,749,768]" captionTargetBox="[188,1422,167,743]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[143,1451,161,751]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14. Panorpa issikiana Byers, 1970, male. Redrawn after BYERS (1970). 1 epandrium, dorsal view. 2, 4 genital bulb, ventral and left-lateral views, respectively. 3 right paramere, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12519730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12519730/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). The female is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05FA1BFDFFBB6169FF39BAC4FE24F80E" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4D5F4876FFBB6169FF39BAC4FE24F80E" blockId="4.[151,761,1343,2070]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="7F949464FFBB6169FF39BAC4FEEAF94E" bold="true" box="[151,281,1695,1718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Comments.</emphasis>
This species was described with a single male
<typeStatus id="925BF6D4FFBB6169FF39BAE4FF09F92E" box="[151,250,1727,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, collected by Handel-Mazzetti from
<collectingRegion id="8F248694FFBB6169FD30BAE4FD07F92E" box="[670,756,1727,1750]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="35F708E6FFBB6169FF39BA84FF24F90E" box="[151,215,1759,1782]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">China</collectingCountry>
without detailed information (
<bibRefCitation id="29713587FFBB6169FD9EBA84FD4AF90E" author="BYERS G. W." box="[560,697,1759,1782]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="383 - 394" refId="ref17270" refString="BYERS G. W. 1970: New and little known Chinese Mecoptera. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 43: 383 - 394." type="journal article" year="1970">BYERS 1970</bibRefCitation>
). The shape of the epandrium (T9,
<figureCitation id="D5DB54F3FFBB6169FE60BAA4FDF8F8EE" box="[462,523,1791,1814]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="5.[151,188,749,768]" captionTargetBox="[188,1422,167,743]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[143,1451,161,751]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14. Panorpa issikiana Byers, 1970, male. Redrawn after BYERS (1970). 1 epandrium, dorsal view. 2, 4 genital bulb, ventral and left-lateral views, respectively. 3 right paramere, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12519730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12519730/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) shows no significant differences to that of many species of
<taxonomicName id="8AE033F5FFBB6169FD94BB44FD64F8CE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[570,663,1823,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Panorpidae" genus="Panorpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7F949464FFBB6169FD94BB44FD64F8CE" box="[570,663,1823,1846]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Panorpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Despite the unknown female, the lack of median process in male gonostyli, bifurcated parameres, and greatly sclerotized dorsal processes in aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="D5DB54F3FFBB6169FE74BB24FDC9F86E" box="[474,570,1919,1942]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="5.[151,188,749,768]" captionTargetBox="[188,1422,167,743]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[143,1451,161,751]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14. Panorpa issikiana Byers, 1970, male. Redrawn after BYERS (1970). 1 epandrium, dorsal view. 2, 4 genital bulb, ventral and left-lateral views, respectively. 3 right paramere, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12519730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12519730/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Figs 2, 3</figureCitation>
) suggest that this species is closely related to the following 20 new species, although
<bibRefCitation id="29713587FFBB6169FF55BBE4FE7FF82E" author="BYERS G. W." box="[251,396,1983,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="383 - 394" refId="ref17270" refString="BYERS G. W. 1970: New and little known Chinese Mecoptera. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 43: 383 - 394." type="journal article" year="1970">BYERS (1970)</bibRefCitation>
did not mention whether the male A7 is stalk-like at base or not.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="7F949464FFBB6169FF39BBA4FED9F7EE" bold="true" box="[151,298,2047,2070]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="35F708E6FFBB6169FE9EBBA4FE87F7EE" box="[304,372,2047,2070]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="8F248694FFBB6169FED3BBA4FE3DF7EE" box="[381,462,2047,2070]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
(no details) (
<bibRefCitation id="29713587FFBB6169FDF2BBA4FD13F7EE" author="BYERS G. W." box="[604,736,2047,2070]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="383 - 394" refId="ref17270" refString="BYERS G. W. 1970: New and little known Chinese Mecoptera. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 43: 383 - 394." type="journal article" year="1970">BYERS 1970</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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