869 lines
109 KiB
XML
869 lines
109 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="177624" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.80706" ID-GBIF-Dataset="203b3f5f-8de3-4335-aa47-2f8a6c44d486" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2193-0074-1-173" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BDDFDAC5A6055C2C8B1E74ADE4B600F8" ID-ZooBank="F14B83B47D674C0196B3DA98C72261D4" ModsDocID="2193-0074-25-1-173" checkinTime="1667366257724" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crespo, Vicente D., Goin, Francisco J. & Pickford, Martin" docDate="2022" docId="C50632B66B6C5D34AB99FF94282D6D01" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilRecord 25(1): 173-186" docOrigin="Fossil Record 25 (1)" docPubDate="2022-06-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.80706" docTitle="Morotodon aenigmaticus gen. et 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="916A2124-80EE-4B16-A2FF-D7E4A48C529A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="BDDFDAC5A6055C2C8B1E74ADE4B600F8" lastPageNumber="173" masterDocId="BDDFDAC5A6055C2C8B1E74ADE4B600F8" masterDocTitle="The last African metatherian" masterLastPageNumber="186" masterPageNumber="173" pageNumber="173" updateTime="1732847190541" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="4C11894E77C0F52E319D2A16F344D627" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="350FD4EBE4B51D7B0806AD568A8FA3F5">
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<mods:title id="77385E812A13B924C7EA7052C8889BC8">The last African metatherian</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="BB5899B1DF5B52FB0FC160293B0BDA99" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FEAC65D49AB069B21D1D7DC7E4116BC6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6A2824C3FF34CC883134BE82A7BE16B2">Crespo, Vicente D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DDD3011836458C1CF047B6B2181DC049" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6236-2723</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="EEC32A772B43A7714B0C094DF178EEF0">CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas), La Plata, Argentina & Division Paleontologia Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s / n, B 1900 FWA, La Plata, Argentina & GIUV 2016 - 303 Grup d'Investigacio en Paleontologia de Vertebrats del Cenozoic (PVC-GIUV), Àrea de Paleontologia, Departament de Botanica i Geologia, Universitat de Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain & Departamento de Ciencias da Terra, FCT-UNL Faculdade de Ciencias E Tecnologia, GeoBioTec, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829 - 516 Caparica, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="67F6DC9914138AE208AC142A90895B43" type="email">vidacres@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A4F1F77CB6F96F3C9E5CE73E8CC0DFF1">Goin, Francisco J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="33901B50137E0A315424D890377C3B76">CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas), La Plata, Argentina & Division Paleontologia Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s / n, B 1900 FWA, La Plata, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="2FA32882988FFBFF8041D7C41ABFC751" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D7D205FBF38B446DBD36C608BAD7BAEC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1D0CBDFB43AA9C37DFF3AA03FEB2A29C">Pickford, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C09D5540DF0E8BE0524C17C16BE5EE90">Sorbonne Universites, CR 2 P, UMR 7207 du CNRS, Departement Histoire de la Terre, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle et Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="21167BA67FC5C07C39F3A69FBB46DCA2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="E523F80CE1B7DA5C863B364E17C61FC9">
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<mods:title id="23BB048FE1DFFD68ADCFDE4A7EB64159">Fossil Record</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="FBAA89E5695199182ADCD73FA1221B94">
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<mods:date id="1DB1990DA9138506D8D9DB19E915C78F">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E87D48337D35B9F8FA834E42CBE26524">2022-06-03</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D6F382AEE0B8DBB7A49523B0A21C9889" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="25876B082EE0CA19AC332CB3359742F5">25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="ECB59CD4884169FAA59D68E12114305D" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="423C58AAF216DB29AD1B6D8491A63469">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="6BD60A853B8D5A8B9F005CFB54700E94">173</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="FAF1BA9DEFFAB120765D890AEAC83D27">186</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="5F635F91A7BC78AC157A730E655EC897">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.80706</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="DFEC32ADE654D7F664348D3CC729E668">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DEB3BD88161353761C8CA4A7E7961DB2" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.80706</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5929BBED3E348B760A334019C1F31EBC" type="Pensoft-Pub">2193-0074-1-173</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection id="04AD734256B80C4C6068632A60EBBF90" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="systematic palaeontology">
|
||
<treatment id="C50632B66B6C5D34AB99FF94282D6D01" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203870898" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:916A2124-80EE-4B16-A2FF-D7E4A48C529A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C50632B66B6C5D34AB99FF94282D6D01" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" scope_class="Mammalia" scope_family="Herpetotheriidae" scope_infraClass="Metatheria">
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<subSubSection id="D03C3D450D6CF65B0C30F1BA9CAD8DC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="4CD7F53A11838E86AC2ABB196F8EE3E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FD076C4EBF681CDD02694309666352D3" LSID="http://zoobank.org/916A2124-80EE-4B16-A2FF-D7E4A48C529A" authority="gen. et" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus" status="sp. nov.">Morotodon aenigmaticus gen. et</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FD8D3C77DB90B218A30507897DE3C806" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="842A7FF8DE4B980568D20CCA558D85CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="B538BCD1848DB89B981D48134692F369" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="68C8B07B243C17BC13740570B8422DA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
"The mysterious tooth from Moroto". Moroto II is the fossil locality where this taxon was found;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DDB1A4E9D9208320D8C1B060F967383E" originalValue="“-odon”">"-odon"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, from
|
||
<emphasis id="C49489E4D4AA6EF5C1346902A4961303" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">odontos</emphasis>
|
||
, genitive of
|
||
<emphasis id="8594DEB31E92A2299E204D5ADB512ABB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">odous</emphasis>
|
||
, ancient Greek for tooth; gender is masculine;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="73B89C98325C1E5315223A153B8FB28D" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0385ED796F5C65511C104CC74200526A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon aenigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="3BBFC03A37A134C26D87F2C5A06AA928" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">aenigma</emphasis>
|
||
(mystery), refers to the unexpected finding of a metatherian near the Equator in the Neogene of Africa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="179FFAAFDF3E03BA666E8C6ABFD824C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph id="9DB4C41CCAE8368B2A556BDB43F4E5D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1408FF7B4B996BD5FC91AF072C1F6713" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
UM MOR II, 48'04, a last lower left molar (m4; Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="E0CC394E7D323BCABFB27A2AC78A6C55" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Morotodon aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov. SEM images of specimen UM MOR II, 48 ' 04 (an isolated left m 4) in occluso-labial (A) and occlusal (B) views. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.80706.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/692018" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F4D11FB98C1E4BCE0AE9C5975AFD6ADD" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lower molar series of various marsupial taxa belonging to Peradectidae (A) and Herpetotheriidae (B-F). A. Peradectes russelli, CB 1027 (CL), right m 4 in lingual, occlusal, and labial views; B. Amphiperatherium lamandini, ECA 3104 (UM), fragment of right mandible with m 3 - 4 in occlusal view; C. Peratherium elegans (type of Peratherium agmardi Filhol), QU 8216 (MNHN), right mandible with c and p 1 - m 4 in occlusal view; D. Peratherium perrierense (holotype), PRR 2524, right mandible with i 1 - m 4 in occlusal view; E. Peratherium cayluxi, QU 8217 (MNHN) (holotype), left mandible with p 2 - m 1 and m 3 - 4 in occlusal view; F. Amphiperatherium ambiguum, PLA 1042 (UM), left m 4 in occlusal and lingual views. Figures after Crochet (1980). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.80706.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/692019" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">3</figureCitation>
|
||
; Suppl. material 1 and Suppl. material 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="AAA23FC34D8B2EA74F8220E518A76178" doi="10.3897/fr.25.80706.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/692018" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph id="A86F08D8EDDBCD37D7404A19D8470EAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="0A74B3EA2FEA7CB6FA1A8375319CE1ED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AAAC7E5A6AB08B26D25954FA8B0D6137" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9300B1AB9C520BE6684496CE29F48A8A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon aenigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov. SEM images of specimen UM MOR II, 48'04 (an isolated left m4) in occluso-labial (
|
||
<emphasis id="7DCCFDA0E12FE60E5A03E81658D2DDA1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">A</emphasis>
|
||
) and occlusal (
|
||
<emphasis id="5FEAA5D5DA342C95DAFC1AC1BC5D92B5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">B</emphasis>
|
||
) views. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9DF95BE63F42A18BF944F9DA11918D65" doi="10.3897/fr.25.80706.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/692019" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="A9C88C88E019F2E1B26C86BDCA453A59" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="1256AB049EE4293E062F541853C3BBE1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Lower molar series of various marsupial taxa belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6B38F91CD02F4387155BFD4A2612A613" baseAuthorityName="Crochet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Peradectidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Peradectidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="3BA6DDCA4F7FEC18CAEBAEAF6F3C0724" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">A</emphasis>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DD14BBEAA649694F30750E5A11419D4" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1879" family="Herpetotheriidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="family">Herpetotheriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="26B1BE75BF3E4DF06947EB5B6B542EA7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">B-F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="E331010FC460C2C3727B84F7AFEE1B40" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">A.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FE5E7098F79BAAEA50BDF56A5815817" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes russelli" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="russelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="6D14495620414B91DDB485BFE4349CA5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes russelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, CB 1027 (CL), right m4 in lingual, occlusal, and labial views;
|
||
<emphasis id="ED2EAF2634945152D1F9CDEB89B1A2FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81D1F858573B11887C6E8940B3443A4C" authorityName="Filhol" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium lamandini" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamandini">
|
||
<emphasis id="1F84C8407D87CB044983BDEEF71D4AE3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium lamandini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ECA 3104 (UM), fragment of right mandible with m3-4 in occlusal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="F452AA3848CF6F15D6ECE8871667F108" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D5E2974C001D10F1447883D7212379D2" baseAuthorityName="de Blainville" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium elegans" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="0CCB5558F5FD7EE802BB97481F009C0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C507CE30C483DBFF2273C97A112A7065" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium agmardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agmardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="51936135E9A2C8E3A974E71409BB1DCC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium agmardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Filhol), QU 8216 (MNHN), right mandible with c and p1-m4 in occlusal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="CCE3A3513194964D578178868D7C8D4F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">D.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F67C17D8ACC7F511304F4CB406ADF480" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium perrierense" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perrierense">
|
||
<emphasis id="0CFE282875F3AEFCA73BE47676C0B5E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium perrierense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(holotype), PRR 2524, right mandible with i1-m4 in occlusal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="58ED377123776468547218B6F6CCF453" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">E.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FADD541A0F6B6873FF30BDEC114A090" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium cayluxi" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cayluxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BBFE5D9643A0AD5E3CCCD32EAAAA75F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium cayluxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, QU 8217 (MNHN) (holotype), left mandible with p2-m1 and m3-4 in occlusal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="831594B966C2CB843916967D8AA46FD3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">F.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E409D05FD81A0AD9571C516CB36AA8F2" authorityName="Filhol" authorityYear="1877" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium ambiguum" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ambiguum">
|
||
<emphasis id="48DD87DDF384329E9A089AA12D88831A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium ambiguum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, PLA 1042 (UM), left m4 in occlusal and lingual views. Figures after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A168159D735A113B95851A735DFD4644" author="Crochet, J-Y" journalOrPublisher="Geobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" refId="B8" refString="Crochet, J-Y, 1980. Les Marsupiaux du Tertiaire d'Europe. Singer-Polignac, Paris." title="Les Marsupiaux du Tertiaire d'Europe. Singer-Polignac, Paris." year="1980">Crochet (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B8E8C4C48566913B03C01CD3E314F82C" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BBDDD26C96BC000055A0CF45B2E0092B" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Measurements.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A8D840949228F594A713D70AAEA77496" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Total length, 1.63 mm (1 mm trigonid length, 0.63 talonid length); trigonid width, 0.93 mm; talonid width, 0.94 mm (from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="ED8FC4A771F8633EB8582361E4C9961E" author="Pickford, M" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Palaeontologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" pagination="361 - 386" refId="B33" refString="Pickford, M, Mein, P, 2006. Early Middle Miocene mammals from Moroto II, Uganda. Beitraege zur Palaeontologie 30: 361 - 386" title="Early Middle Miocene mammals from Moroto II, Uganda." volume="30" year="2006">Pickford and Mein 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="05AE28F2402CECC005558B43493D1DDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="locality and age">
|
||
<paragraph id="26E12097D27D749F68CE6E2B63ED0331" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Locality and age.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A0710AFAADE33B60C4E5798938B99C0F" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Moroto II, north of Nakiloro Village, Moroto District, northeastern Uganda (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4CF916BC8F73370326A09B8DA31F579D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Map of Africa indicating the occurrences of extinct metatherians, or taxa previously regarded as Metatheria. Bottom left, map of Uganda indicating the Moroto II locality. Right, geologic time column indicating the age of each taxon. References: E, Equator; 1,? Garatherium todrae; 2, Garatherium mahboubii; 3, Kasserinotherium tunisiense; 4, Ghamidtherium dimaiensis; 5, Peratherium africanum; 6, Morotodon aenigmaticus gen. et sp. nov. See the text and Table 1 for more information on these taxa." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.80706.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/692017" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Late early Miocene, upper Burdigalian (16.5-15.5 Ma).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F5104FC632C4F5241E5CBB6EDDD1DC35" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="C9F866F610306F9193640667F4AC7222" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F9E6D6FF79AB83F2D257FF66DE1B5BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">?Herpetotherid metatherian with lower molars having a short anterior cingulid, a buccal shelf, and a trigonid and talonid with subequal length and width; the m4 has a vertical, well-developed hypoconulid in a central position. The specific diagnosis extends to the genus by monotypy.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E58150A19E9846DC889F0B328D5184B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="3E589F85732DFF7FD51A52303351FBB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7E7904A8465BBF211F42C7D57E64228C" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Specimen UM MOR II, 48'04 is bi-rooted, both roots being subcircular in section; the anterior root is smaller than the posterior one. The anterior cingulid is short and relatively wide at its central portion. The trigonid is open. The main cusps of the trigonid are well-developed. The paraconid is mesio-lingually positioned. The protoconid is the largest cusp of the tooth, and is slightly anteriorly placed with respect to the metaconid. The paracristid and metacristid are notched. The talonid is bucco-lingually compressed in its anterior half; at its posterior face its width is almost the same as that of the trigonid. The entoconid is broken; apparently, it was bucco-lingually compressed; the pre-entocristid is straight and ends in at posterolingual edge of the metaconid. The hypoconulid is separated from the entoconid; it is well-developed and is centrally placed on the posterior edge of the tooth; it is a vertical cusp (i.e., it is not posteriorly oriented or dorso-ventrally compressed). The hypoconid is only moderately developed; it is also buccally salient, but does not exceed buccally the level of the protoconid. The oblique cristid joins the posterior wall of the trigonid at the labiolingual midpoint of the tooth, below the metacristid notch. There is a well-developed buccal shelf, or cingulid, at the base of the crown, running from the base of the hypoconid to the posterobuccal edge of the protoconid. The tooth shows soil corrosion.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A968EBFCAC5557EC86217F8B05AD96D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph id="FF0FFE8A42136C8DD1ADBDB2B8111D74" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="297479876271870166D1F2D42A57857A" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
The specimen was originally described as a m1 or m2 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A40CE95237511CA661344ADF64C3AF83" author="Pickford, M" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Palaeontologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" pagination="361 - 386" refId="B33" refString="Pickford, M, Mein, P, 2006. Early Middle Miocene mammals from Moroto II, Uganda. Beitraege zur Palaeontologie 30: 361 - 386" title="Early Middle Miocene mammals from Moroto II, Uganda." volume="30" year="2006">Pickford and Mein 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The reduced (laterally compressed) talonid at its anterior half, only moderately developed hypoconid, relatively central position of the hypoconulid, as well as the quite oblique orientation of the oblique cristid, allow us to reassign the specimen to an m4. This kind of reduction in the m4's talonid appears in several metatherians (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7062F585C28659BF68282F9F2EB3AE1A" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes russelli" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="russelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="35E87C6F7D3BEE78AF1A18F60EE5DE44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes russelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE851E09DB815832E6849C71273EA34" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1936" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium giselense" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="giselense">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFD70989246FA87FA4F34427B08EEE84" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium giselense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Heller, 1936)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B31FD32112F32067A7E9491693EBDC76" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph id="438FF2994EACBEC7ECB1E93882B0DCB7" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Comparisons.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B047F56B0885FAD56A0C23A567C55B3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Specimen UM MOR II, 48'04 is clearly not a deciduous tooth, due to the size and shape of its roots and the angle at which they would be inserted into the mandible. Several eutherian lineages have molar morphologies that are superficially similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5C722B56B78E98962241E58E7780D340" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FD592E64996DD5A677D1AC35051CC9F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon aenigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: afrosoricid
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F6FC0BBE2BD5F855382C7B0819D74CF1" originalValue="“insectivores”">"insectivores"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Afrotheria), bats (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8170E39221DCAE9D19468481E7F1486B" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Chiroptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
), some eulipothyplans (Laurasiatheria,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="545999ED50003EB312AF3CC76D79F96A" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Eulipotyphla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Eulipotyphla</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and adapisoriculids (Euarchonta). Early afrotherians include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EC392559AB363BC0A77E472534AC8157" genus="Ocepeia" lsidName="Ocepeia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="80EC699DE8CBE92DE75C1E78C909B8B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Ocepeia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the late Paleocene of Morocco, which is strikingly different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="041BD871599B967F2CCE2C164744F8B8" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0012BAE026D06956FC798DBF8E16199" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1233409D2F1A13108533A814A808E5A" genus="Ocepeia" lsidName="Ocepeia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E23E2D9D23C08761AB874C98B5ECFEBF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Ocepeia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has bunoid, almost inflated lower molars with low protoconid, paraconid close to the metaconid; enclosed, deep trigonid basin; the metacristid is not vertical but gently sloping; talonids are multicuspid (up to five cusps), with a reduced hypoconulid. Among the Afroinsectiphilia, macroscelidians can also be discarded: for instance, the middle-late Eocene
|
||
<taxonomicName id="893217879DED0ABC2343F871EAAE95D7" class="Mammalia" family="Herodotiidae" genus="Nementchatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nementchatherium" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="52B1ED0F754884E38CEB3ACA6E83AC7E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Nementchatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has very low cusps, the paraconid is close to the protoconid and the hypoconulid, if present, is almost indistinguishable.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0350DCD7873FFC74680D8302C53C455D" authorityName="Hartenberger" authorityYear="1986" class="Mammalia" family="Herodotiidae" genus="Chambius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chambius" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85F40F99B02DE0671F69C859FDD7AD7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Chambius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the early or early middle Eocene of Tunisia, has its lower molars rounded in profile, with an indistinguishable hypoconulid, indistinct paraconid, and the talonid narrower than the trigonid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EE587AC3B7BFDAEA26E46B43AAB60762" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Afrosoricids such as tenrecs and golden moles (of which at least members of the former were contemporaneous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C27EEB4884CBD7A1FD3EA11A7FB2B17" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AA5314FD845DC0A1281144B4616A3C06" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), were already discarded on the basis of the number of talonid cusps, three in metatherians and a single, elongated one in tenrecs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7E9AB97EBB3B11B53C7C0D364E2F328C" author="Pickford, M" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Palaeontologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" pagination="361 - 386" refId="B33" refString="Pickford, M, Mein, P, 2006. Early Middle Miocene mammals from Moroto II, Uganda. Beitraege zur Palaeontologie 30: 361 - 386" title="Early Middle Miocene mammals from Moroto II, Uganda." volume="30" year="2006">Pickford and Mein 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Effectively, tenrecids such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C73F2938CC3B24BED4384CA4F23C747A" authorityName="Pickford" authorityYear="2018" genus="Promicrogale" lsidName="Promicrogale" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4978EA1CAD8E85D6A0F6F636A716F409" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Promicrogale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Miocene of Namibia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="77BDA08D8265CF3A16146DF0F89D455E" author="Pickford, M" journalOrPublisher="Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" pagination="87 - 92" refId="B30" refString="Pickford, M, 2018. Tenrecoid mandible from Elisabethfeld (Early Miocene) Namibia. Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 18: 87 - 92" title="Tenrecoid mandible from Elisabethfeld (Early Miocene) Namibia." volume="18" year="2018">Pickford 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FF4A28A5FAA3CD728CF7F88F0D0E169" authorityName="Pickford" authorityYear="2019" genus="Nanogale" lsidName="Nanogale" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="83B4FA96199723606085CAD626C0840D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Nanogale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Eocene of Namibia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="52EDA7DF0EAADC5F89DE408FB16AF446" author="Pickford, M" journalOrPublisher="Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" pagination="15 - 25" refId="B31" refString="Pickford, M, 2019. Tiny Tenrecomorpha (Mammalia) from the Eocene of Black Crow, Namibia. Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 21: 15 - 25" title="Tiny Tenrecomorpha (Mammalia) from the Eocene of Black Crow, Namibia." volume="21" year="2019">Pickford 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), have quite different lower molars in which the talonid is much smaller than the trigonid and lacks a hypoconulid, the paraconid in m2-3 is low and close to the metaconid, and the protoconid is proportionally very large; the talonid basin is much lower than that of the trigonid. Chrysochlorids have highly derived molars, of which the lower ones lack the talonid, while the paraconid and metaconid are reduced and twinned.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A1853B8853B3455B2F74A98AD5C65A5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Chiropterans can also be ruled out because of the morphology and position of the hypoconulid, which in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25A23EDBAFA37D80DAD2413EEB6349BE" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB87028F2FECC56974748A7BE5D6DBB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more developed and more centrally placed at the distal edge of the tooth; additionally, chiropterans have a buccal shelf or cingulid which is mesiodistally complete, linking the anterior and posterior cingulids.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92B46216CBEC5F5DB2020FF0B5C5ECE9" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24E43771D32357A55D2E12D99DC2E193" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the probable chiropteran
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB99572342CE91D2754ACE5E3C4D1248" class="Mammalia" genus="Ghamidtherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ghamidtherium dimaiensis" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimaiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F90B393F17B55089B391B43096BFDF82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Ghamidtherium dimaiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2E29B0359F4B5F675376DEA6C51ADCFB" originalValue="Sánchez-Villagra">Sanchez-Villagra</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Seiffert, Martin, Simons, Gunnell, & Attia, 2007 in that the anterior cingulid is shorter and does not extend distally at the crown base; the metaconid is anteriorly positioned with respect of the protoconid; the entoconid is less developed; it lacks a posterior cingulid; the hypoconulid is larger, higher and less dorso-ventrally compressed, and it is not placed immediately distal to the entoconid but instead buccal to it; finally, the oblique cristid in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E28BE7AA41E5882B95FB25582BBED999" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2680B55C3F681ED353A1F91BA9F8237" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is less parallel to the dental axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F5AD595F5E49D9962F3AE37C88056691" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CA145D331D87C1A5E7822A2D14F0D4CB" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="21D760189A0B2425EDF5B525F991ED77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F74FBE5865DC2AF0210A226F8A20C4F" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Eulipotyphla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Eulipotyphla</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the presence and morphology of the hypoconulid. In their lower molar morphology representatives of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B5052FB035DD2DBB4A08CFB49FFE1E2" authorityName="G. Fischer" authorityYear="1814" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Soricidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68962A145E1AF13D2DF9187571F9CE2C" authorityName="G. Fischer" authorityYear="1814" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Talpidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have some similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1049C7DF21A1D49FEFC5C5C012B15DD" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9E74C8352D437E09A4097D1FCA10053E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the anterior cingulid in soricids is better developed and may continue posteriorly towards the buccal surface of the crown, and in the talonids the hypoconulid is reduced (or, if not reduced, is placed very low regarding the entoconid) and located immediately posterior to the entoconid. Generalized erinaceids such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="021A19F885E4580892D417BC4E0E2431" authorityName="Pomel" authorityYear="1848" class="Mammalia" family="Erinaceidae" genus="Galerix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Galerix" order="Erinaceomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EFF77F8C9E0BE9C0B7163770C690064" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Galerix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack a hypoconulid, and, in the last molar, the paraconid is crest-like, and the oblique cristid is parallel to the dental axis. Among other more derived soricomorphs, the living
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26FE6CBF7B1299B8CC8F89981F72500C" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1833" class="Mammalia" family="Solenodontidae" genus="Solenodon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenodon" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="33127B82398A5419771A086CDDD7B939" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Solenodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for instance, has extremely reduced talonids and mesio-distally compressed trigonids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="718B1C7E1E016FDCA88C0F97AC171892" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Being more similar in overall morphology (but see below), a more detailed comparison of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C74CD3729508F3B97739382EDFF6B7E9" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A36BF57EB3259CFEC74B2727A6FA4D51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with individual adapisoriculid taxa is worthwhile.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3C33071157D527B2F64F8BF83903C8D" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0E8B45E7EA5F48F2F800C9D967EF023C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6C034FED98B8012EB0324F24D8F01F79" class="Mammalia" family="Adapisoriculidae" genus="Afrodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Afrodon gheerbranti" order="Carnivora" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gheerbranti">
|
||
<emphasis id="07FF89B4EC793AE2B5B175FD156824C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Afrodon gheerbranti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
De Bast & Smith, 2017 in having a more lingual paraconid, more developed protoconid, presence of a buccal shelf (or cingulid), better developed hypoconid and entoconid, and a more centrally placed hypoconulid. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FC01A747463D2A54618C57C224A9574" authorityName="Gheerbrant" authorityYear="1988" class="Mammalia" family="Adapisoriculidae" genus="Afrodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Afrodon chleuhi" order="Carnivora" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chleuhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A818C90FF548BAD29A6266861C71D576" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Afrodon chleuhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gheerbrant, 1988 in having a longer trigonid, a better developed protoconid, trigonid and talonid of similar width, and a less developed, more anteriorly placed hypoconulid. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2E50871825FE492FEC4EFD4C0A96E380" baseAuthorityName="Crochet & Sige" baseAuthorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Bustylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bustylus marandati" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marandati">
|
||
<emphasis id="E80A0F96B69F9507E3642CE7DB3CEBB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Bustylus marandati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Crochet and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8B86BD411BF6623393BDAC99F362F203" originalValue="Sigé">Sige</normalizedToken>
|
||
1983) in having a narrower anterior cingulum, longer trigonid, more centrally placed metaconid, a developed buccal shelf, a larger entoconid, and an independent hypoconulid. It differs from the todralestid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="808FB455A0592AA28FC4F52E94D9D4EA" class="Mammalia" family="Pantolestidae" genus="Todralestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Todralestes variabilis" order="Cimolesta" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE9BC5DB395CEE7CD781624D694F793A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Todralestes variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gheerbrant, 1991 in having a less reduced talonid, the presence of a buccal shelf, and a larger hypoconulid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="083733B7F3A0CD9C8909FF72ED44D6D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E15B126530409156E0AB4428A67DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Comparisons with early
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7CE27867DD0EB4197CCE1EA0D2017576" authorityName="Vullo & Gheerbrant" authorityYear="2009" genus="Marsupialiformes" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">Marsupialiformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="26426235356CE73DB83B332CF18F071E" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="869639A3F9108674C3B692D884D893E4" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A190E8E6E9BCDBE258FD58347E8B2931" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon aenigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
compares best with metatherian mammals, especially with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87C2880DC33B89576C89BF93B1368550" authorityName="Vullo & Gheerbrant" authorityYear="2009" genus="Marsupialiformes" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">Marsupialiformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
(most metatherians except the early clade Deltatheridia). The best known early marsupialiform (i.e., non deltatheroid) metatherian is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60F361BAABD3764BAC1D0A68D3B15DAD" authorityName="Cifelli" authorityYear="1993" class="Mammalia" family="Asiatheriidae" genus="Kokopellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kokopellia juddi" order="Asiadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juddi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD4E03E8E70887783D3E0F5C368FD3A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Kokopellia juddi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cifelli, 1993, from the medial Cretaceous of Utah in North America (see Cifelli and Muizon 1997 for a detailed description of the dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="011C5209318C38461B185AEC3277F766" authorityName="Cifelli" authorityYear="1993" class="Mammalia" family="Asiatheriidae" genus="Kokopellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kokopellia" order="Asiadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5C568A49595EFD6B11D5DB58E45FF049" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Kokopellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Molars of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB71B4D761186A9AF1C42252E249BD95" authorityName="Cifelli" authorityYear="1993" class="Mammalia" family="Asiatheriidae" genus="Kokopellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kokopellia" order="Asiadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67D51DEE640D28773220C52ED8122C0D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Kokopellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represent the generalized condition for almost all Cenozoic metatherians.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3E5423EBD735AFD87B148A12E052CD0A" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75364516E29E68C2C1FCE3AA1E71FD8D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon aenigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D2DC94737DA523B5D09254E5DD4DF14" authorityName="Cifelli" authorityYear="1993" class="Mammalia" family="Asiatheriidae" genus="Kokopellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kokopellia juddi" order="Asiadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juddi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3A764122F5C2690F82E6E16C05E1DA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Kokopellia juddi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that its m4 lacks a posterior cingulid, and a shorter talonid (clearly longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9E8DAD493DB56ECA0CA1AB8F068EC4FA" authorityName="Cifelli" authorityYear="1993" class="Mammalia" family="Asiatheriidae" genus="Kokopellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kokopellia" order="Asiadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3E7564BC8DBD32C00475F4BB2EA21B97" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Kokopellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in all lower molars), a less posteriorly placed metaconid, a smaller hypoconulid (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4FB60D44CE8883FB106C1605E6CDAF7" authorityName="Cifelli" authorityYear="1993" class="Mammalia" family="Asiatheriidae" genus="Kokopellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kokopellia" order="Asiadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EB00C2898B561C54F2CECCBDFB5409B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Kokopellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is larger and closer to the entoconid), and a smaller and less anteriorly placed hypoconid. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E21043DD98631DEFE7A8CA7460C0AD0" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="787644BF6D7F62E9C05AE11C65F84BA7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72883E72C0D374675F4FC89AB4B85068" authorityName="Cifelli" authorityYear="1993" class="Mammalia" family="Asiatheriidae" genus="Kokopellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kokopellia" order="Asiadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CE2BC65E90964E2117029C63F2CBD1F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Kokopellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
share a well-developed buccal shelf (or cingulid), and a similarly oriented oblique cristid, which ends anteriorly at a point below the metacristid notch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="524A920DBC2BB66AACF4C1F34ED88CBA" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph id="DDC81846E21845BCECAE2D07A0463D57" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Comparisons with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="171247FF42B206340B6A6A650B024F02" baseAuthorityName="Crochet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Peradectidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Peradectidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5A29E5EBB525E323C1EE7CF6AE62063B" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Most Cenozoic Holarctic metatherians belong either to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C5510A4D4F0DBF18FEA145E4CA6D0E60" baseAuthorityName="Crochet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Peradectidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Peradectidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
or to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EFBCD48A738FDD3B6D664661199B29C" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1879" family="Herpetotheriidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="family">Herpetotheriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, so a detailed comparison with species of these two groups is needed in order to clarify the affinities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D5BE0759E8134B312E18356FFC3DC3A" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3E2917F6C0669BBFDCBEB9E9DCC4226" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon aenigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Most representatives of both families are known from the Northern Hemisphere. In North America, peradectids and herpetotheriids are known from the Late Cretaceous to the Miocene, while in Eurasia they span the early Eocene to the Miocene (in Europe, peradectids are restricted to the Eocene). In Africa, peradectids had been known only for the early Eocene (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E8B9EDAA375FF26D453604641C5CF5A" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1986" class="Mammalia" genus="Kasserinotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kasserinotherium" order="Condylarthra" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8773FEE4BEBC23A6AFFCB38C4DA3CBEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Kasserinotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),.while herpetotheriids are known for the early Oligocene (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81A488EB7C3879D73FDE39C652226330" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1850" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D679631D5B9255CABF583DBE71D2DB57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Our allocation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8071EE3C7097B49B8B225DEE029FD923" authorityName="Crespo & Goin & Pickford" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="53F1EDFEEFB7A570F738521B7F45D44C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to herpetotheriids expands the group to the Miocene.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D2FCE3E2F20009D35CE9AF4E8E0D8F64" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A0AEC50EED374FC59EBE4060EA2FBAB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6B1EB307BE57FBC223CF27C8726553A" authorityName="Matthew & Granger" authorityYear="1921" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BB8D2D278C1B0E6C177CC1582325A8E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAD7AF29E7229FA02A3191D95E617E7C" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7EC8C3F7DCB8609178E62F23E8F8E82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon aenigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD85AA8F27A390E74297557D44DFA2DD" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes louisi" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="louisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E47494FDD26D90F0BCBE02D673C8807D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes louisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a proportionally longer talonid, less difference in height between the trigonid and the talonid, and in that the hypoconid is more salient. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08807BCD416CC372AA40F64539C28A13" baseAuthorityName="Stock" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes californicus" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0A3CB06472CE3D08FB1072746F81A4DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes californicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Stock, 1936) (m4 of this species is unknown) in that the metaconid is more anteriorly placed than the protoconid, and the talonid is proportionally narrower. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00FF01A970024236C6AE76F7E8C2DE06" baseAuthorityName="Gazin" baseAuthorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes chesteri" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chesteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9EC53D99CEBCCA17E8228E84F31E01B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes chesteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gazin, 1952 (although the m4 of this species is unknown) in having a larger paraconid which is not as close to the metaconid, and a proportionally larger hypoconulid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8165665C985D81F2C03D4E2E52FFE58" authorityName="Williamson & Taylor" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes coprexeches" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coprexeches">
|
||
<emphasis id="2D8C663F274A4DFC63F1402E954B2E75" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes coprexeches</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Williamson & Taylor, 2011 in having a narrower trigonid, the oblique cristid is not subparallel to the preentocristid (in such a way that the talonid is anteriorly narrower), the hypoconulid is more developed and less paired to the entoconid; finally, a buccal cingulid is present. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="974465E9EA924B4DF0B496AAF1F57540" authorityName="Clemens" authorityYear="2006" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes minor" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACD622DA5A9DD14AD0865CACBB06FF94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Clemens, 2006 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E0CE0EF3B21BD4CC23C8815729BE164" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes mutigniensis" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mutigniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A288B93D446223A12A2A21BECB1C671E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes mutigniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a paracristid which is less transverse to the dental axis, the hypoconulid is farther from the entoconid, it lacks a posterior cingulid and has a buccal shelf or cingulid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60810D294C6EB0503AC922CF8548D4B1" authorityName="Gazin" authorityYear="1956" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes pauli" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pauli">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2B52A3302898EF770FAB33E858DA256" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes pauli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Gazin, 1956) in having a more salient hypoconid, while the oblique cristid is less parallel to the dental axis. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76DEF26ECFD53170F7F7243A45C12839" authorityName="McKenna" authorityYear="1960" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes protinnominatus" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="protinnominatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8219E1A888131F1E39B6C4108C6172B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes protinnominatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
McKenna, 1960 in having a longer talonid, a larger hypoconulid which is farther from the entoconid, and in that the oblique cristid is less parallel to the dental axis. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E1064E3A6B6A7DCF278D035B96E4508" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Peradectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradectes russelli" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="russelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="9E6B8D925AB3EBBEC935B1AB196ACD71" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peradectes russelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in that the paraconid and metaconid are less close to each other, the entoconid is smaller, the hypoconulid is farther from the entoconid, and the oblique cristid is less parallel to the dental axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="77ABB1E1C974E74CD0D62CA1BD056044" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="49506C268B58C91B96CE60E7E45EE203" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FADF9F77C3FA42F2BBE8FB01B1308F6D" authorityName="Bown & Rose" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Mimoperadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mimoperadectes" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B32872C3D5EF0DC68B50095FF95B06E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Mimoperadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3CED491FDDF4C3E07163E97C403E4A5" authorityName="Bown & Rose" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Mimoperadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mimoperadectes labrus" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64AF8777D2CA32431EF823868744B6BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Mimoperadectes labrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bown & Rose, 1979 in having a less developed anterior cingulid, a shorter trigonid, a paraconid that is farther from the metaconid and the hypoconulid and the entoconid are more detached (for this reason, the talonid is wider posteriorly).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="08AE4EE2C7C52632AD27C227067BA355" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D853245363C76F8F4317012335B091D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="634B7003582EC4C11390F170870E2C9B" authorityName="McGrew" authorityYear="1937" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Nanodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanodelphys" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1247FE0170DE2E74F98E86152FB52F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Nanodelphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE9A5D05D708A8379559334F5EB5C6F4" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Nanodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanodelphys hunti" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hunti">
|
||
<emphasis id="4C2F892C5AE83B61734FCB37D1D3DDD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Nanodelphys hunti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cope, 1873) in having a narrower trigonid and shorter talonid, a hypoconulid that is set farther from the entoconid, and the oblique cristid not being subparallel to the preentocristid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A4A110428533AF4D207DFD7322ECD42" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="C159B52F78A57C8764A46F792719993E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CEA9769B38A43CEDB927D53B9FA72A8E" authorityName="Krishtalka & Stucky" authorityYear="1983" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Armintodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armintodelphys" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C15CD7191AA784ADC05157CFEE37B030" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Armintodelphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0B5E4726B87525BC1F718D459F0A1917" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Armintodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armintodelphys dufraigni" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dufraigni">
|
||
<emphasis id="A1EC0211CA11E62FB3FCF1BAB372B9E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Armintodelphys dufraigni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Smith & Smith, 2013 in having a wider anterior cingulid, a less reduced paraconid, a slightly posteriorly placed paraconid (relative to the protoconid), a less straight oblique cristid, a hypoconulid that is farther from the entoconid, and in the presence of a buccal shelf. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C394C4BD50308997969C3291C9F5E1AC" authorityName="Krishtalka & Stucky" authorityYear="1983" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Armintodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armintodelphys dawsoni" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dawsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B7524675821B3756996CB40198E4A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Armintodelphys dawsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Krishtalka & Stucky, 1983 in having a more developed paraconid which is less mesio-distally compressed, and a narrower talonid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53EAE862E255EC5233795C97BEFDF884" authorityName="Krishtalka & Stucky" authorityYear="1983" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Armintodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armintodelphys blacki" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blacki">
|
||
<emphasis id="161019FA95903B0DAC94E21B3E7A7C66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Armintodelphys blacki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Krishtalka & Stucky, 1983 in having an anteriorly placed metaconid with respect to the protoconid, the anterior half of the oblique cristid not being parallel to the dental axis, a smaller hypoconulid that is farther from the entoconid, and a narrower talonid basin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C64EA09A2299ED42541E0102679C1B81" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph id="09770CC6E96C8C9ADD3DA930EE859F05" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Comparisons with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DE1256CEBFADC880B206B97DA9C5BB1E" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1879" family="Herpetotheriidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="family">Herpetotheriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B2DB8B77B927E5455BAE7120D5975916" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7D3C4B7CAA62CAFDB17E9B7820FC001" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="98EDE07372AD326372022C8D339C9810" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Asiadidelphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asiadidelphis" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DEBF88D4A04DF27977600187FF44300" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Asiadidelphis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E042DC93BF6A5326AE9822629934EB5" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ED698E053F7E985D7BA4DA937E019B52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon aenigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B378928CFB6F01D378B790B2CD00EF9C" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Asiadidelphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asiadidelphis zaissanense" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zaissanense">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8C6416E385DAFF85D6467BEEC614670" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Asiadidelphis zaissanense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gabunia, Shevyreva, & Gabunia, 1990 (described in Ziegler et al. 2007; fig. 3.3) in having a wider anterior cingulid, oblique cristid less parallel to the dental axis, and a more buccally placed hypoconulid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9913C27D3DBD3883DD0C9F51B3563FFC" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Asiadidelphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asiadidelphis tjutkovae" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjutkovae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEEFBF88B83E7854D825FE5290A0820E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Asiadidelphis tjutkovae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Emry, Lucas, Szalay, & Tleuberdina, 1995 in its smaller size, a more centrally positioned hypoconulid on the posterior edge of the talonid, and a larger entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CEE656078E6E633DAA9DA9EC1B7206DF" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Asiadidelphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asiadidelphis" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E2B05AA9294BAFC1077E6B12A45364B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Asiadidelphis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCEE7DD5AA836801F638C5F31CFA5A51" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Indodelphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Indodelphis" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2FD527B28E44A21567EC7FB57BF3C7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Indodelphis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="6C922CC5C3E619E6F3150F3338E630BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">luoi</emphasis>
|
||
(Bajpai, Kapur, Thewissen, Tiwari, & Das, 2005) in having a more developed anterior cingulid, a proportionally higher protoconid relative to the metaconid, a mesio-distally less compressed paraconid, a narrower talonid an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B3417CC4F90276B10E59A04B1C9A3212" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="A5FD10A4D65925496AC8EAA9FAC1F8E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8695AA63C783739AA705EA69D343061D" authorityName="Johanson" authorityYear="1996" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Swaindelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Swaindelphys" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA3B735C10C90DA0CC23EA164A3C7E40" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Swaindelphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14571A4CA4CE43CF0071CB3004774548" authorityName="Williamson & Taylor" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Swaindelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Swaindelphys encinensis" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="encinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8FEC183082590234D4B9FE2C20432A17" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Swaindelphys encinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Williamson & Taylor, 2011 in having a shorter anterior cingulid, narrower trigonid and talonid, a less developed, lower hypoconulid, and, in occlusal view, a straight but not curved oblique cristid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3E05E47048ADD289F31105F4EC962A9D" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Swaindelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Swaindelphys cifelli" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cifelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1DC14F9F7CA58BFDB288147334829B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Swaindelphys cifelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Johanson, 1996 in having a more developed anterior cingulid, in its hypoconulid which is farther from the entoconid, a smaller hypoconulid, and a talonid that is longer relative to the trigonid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="044E9DD7254C70470C2A7020068DD97D" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="AE39E67C897E3CB62ED35DBF0655EDDB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA14F7091A0B2CA8E826319CFCE64C54" authorityName="Matthew & Granger" authorityYear="1921" genus="Thylacodon" lsidName="Thylacodon" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7F008CBE220FEE1F7422783C3B6BC0DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Thylacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B88BB9F6C6365B50C34D0FE74019D7E" genus="Thylacodon" lsidName="Thylacodon montanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="montanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C399C1E780E7C21AF23A32039A3E6B7E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Thylacodon montanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Williamson, Brusatte, Carr, Weil, & Standhardt, 2012 in having (although the m4 was not preserved in the latter) a narrower entoconid, a hypoconulid that is farther from the entoconid, and in the absence of a posterior cingulid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AA58DE6DCD95D7923509B51460D9D27" authorityName="Matthew & Granger" authorityYear="1921" genus="Thylacodon" lsidName="Thylacodon pusillus" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BB0F2D118AFDDC939D321F0727A873BA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Thylacodon pusillus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Archibald, 1982) in having a better developed anterior cingulid, smaller entoconid, and a hypoconulid that is not twinned to the entoconid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3757D86C9528E24DDFBFCBB87FB91654" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="85263432119E3CCC051B6E28F7626283" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D3B6F76EDB8C11C45D911B7E884AF5C3" authorityName="Williamson & Lofgren" authorityYear="2014" genus="Golerdelphys" lsidName="Golerdelphys" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6718406238F0AFA4AA1CECDF1BF26375" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Golerdelphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7A59B85B1ED000B9F039073D0F6E387" authorityName="Williamson & Lofgren" authorityYear="2014" genus="Golerdelphys" lsidName="Golerdelphys stocki" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis id="AF0E49705EF5AD2FFA16D29EBE0CF229" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Golerdelphys stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Williamson & Lofgren, 2014 in lacking a posterior cingulid and in that the entoconid is proportionally smaller.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3163ED494A5693C21C985AFE8B9689B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="D9B306A61C0CD303B76BC79AAC29188E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96EEDFD4B28E1850B7114236F1CDF899" authorityName="W W Korth" authorityYear="1994" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Copedelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Copedelphys" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8729E1031F8F89E9B8FE409C507A1AC2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Copedelphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78DA3B3DC61D55DCE39F84CD3087AF75" baseAuthorityName="Matthew" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Copedelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Copedelphys titanelix" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="titanelix">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE751FDA6A768491E0D633C1FCAB2E56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Copedelphys titanelix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Matthew, 1903) in having a shorter and wider anterior cingulid, a proportionally smaller trigonid, a paraconid that is not mesio-distally compressed, an oblique cristid obliqua is not straight, a buccally more salient hypoconid, and in that the hypoconulid is less posteriorly projected. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1583BAF18997DE4ECC7F963E5A61620" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Copedelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Copedelphys stevensoni" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stevensoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="D563ED69120298EC676393E860569575" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Copedelphys stevensoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cope, 1873) in having a shorter and wider anterior cingulid, a less antero-posteriorly compressed paraconid, an oblique cristid obliqua that is less parallel to the preentocristid, and in the presence of a buccal shelf (or cingulid).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="414CF2739193DA3FB9FC39EA303F029E" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="75024E428C55EF911D875CF63B2C000D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D2A78ACEFA10F4A94F5E1ABF1BBC452" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1873" class="Mammalia" genus="Herpetotherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Herpetotherium" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FF63B560D78121B106C19FDC9281DED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Herpetotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="982CD5D591E617DD9C92C9928A2FEDC5" baseAuthorityName="McGrew" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Mammalia" genus="Herpetotherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Herpetotherium youngi" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="youngi">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBCC1D58AB5664959763EFE2B9F74B61" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Herpetotherium youngi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(McGrew, 1937) in having a shorter anterior cingulid, an oblique cristid that meets the trigonid more lingually, a more developed hypoconulid that is not twinned to the entoconid, and a more salient hypocone. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3370ACAD252372ED315567E2A35A26FD" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Mammalia" genus="Herpetotherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Herpetotherium fugax" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fugax">
|
||
<emphasis id="F891CBB3F8F047BB6EC522C7F52CFDB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Herpetotherium fugax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cope, 1873 in having a shorter and wider anterior cingulid, a proportionally narrower trigonid, a paracristid that is less transversal to the dental axis, an oblique cristid that is not subparallel to the preentocristid, and a hypoconulid that is farther from the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A1F46ACB36158669E3A919727D53D5" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Mammalia" genus="Herpetotherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Herpetotherium comstocki" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comstocki">
|
||
<emphasis id="316A6B61CF6C9EE6E66C521B5FF793A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Herpetotherium comstocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cope, 1884) in having a shorter anterior cingulid, an oblique cristid that is subparallel to the dental axis, a proportionally larger hypoconulid that is farther from the entoconid; in turn, this last cusp is proportionally smaller. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8F27CA500D4917787B7300ED845357A3" baseAuthorityName="Gazin" baseAuthorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" genus="Herpetotherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Herpetotherium edwardi" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8F731A7B6A97A054BDF0EAF2C55258F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Herpetotherium edwardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Gazin, 1952) in having larger paraconid and hypoconulid, the latter smaller and farther from the entoconid, and an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DD861885DB8FEF65AEFE5F63727BC1AE" baseAuthorityName="Troxell" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Mammalia" genus="Herpetotherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Herpetotherium marsupium" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marsupium">
|
||
<emphasis id="78BAE7E7B3BD6711F4E0733CB2CCE0FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Herpetotherium marsupium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Troxell, 1923 in having a smaller entoconid, more buccal hypoconulid, and a straighter oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E0ECD73C0826D0F49BEE1A9EEA7D9508" baseAuthorityName="Stock & Furlong" baseAuthorityYear="1922" class="Mammalia" genus="Herpetotherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Herpetotherium merriami" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merriami">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC63199011986B06DDDD06EDE3365753" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Herpetotherium merriami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Stock & Furlong, 1922) in having (although the m4 was not preserved) a larger hypoconulid which is placed farther from the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FC82ADCDAF7B014A3CD85A55DCD0566" class="Mammalia" genus="Herpetotherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Herpetotherium tabrumi" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tabrumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9E247F0222A4FFDC6962ACE63E7B217E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Herpetotherium tabrumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Korth, 2018 in having (although the m4 is not present) a larger hypoconulid which is farther from the entoconid, a shorter preentocristid, and an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C957DF303E9B692E2EFDB42DDAC9A8FD" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Mammalia" genus="Herpetotherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Herpetotherium valens" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valens">
|
||
<emphasis id="5405257D7B6B9783C08C20D0D95A586E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Herpetotherium valens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lambe, 1908) in having (although the m4 was not preserved) a shorter and wider anterior cingulid, relatively narrower talonid, a paracristid that is less transversal to the dental axis, paraconid and metaconid clearly set apart from each other, a smaller entoconid and a proportionally larger hypoconulid that is farther from the entoconid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EE30D407263623DB54798064E82762BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC3BBF8A06388E642A64EB678EC09F5B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE0F0C40A7BFBC2EA659FD06F3E44723" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1850" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDE3C37844373242D0A00B40682025CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FE094BF1CC6A59C846213FC770EE2D3F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lower molar series of various marsupial taxa belonging to Peradectidae (A) and Herpetotheriidae (B-F). A. Peradectes russelli, CB 1027 (CL), right m 4 in lingual, occlusal, and labial views; B. Amphiperatherium lamandini, ECA 3104 (UM), fragment of right mandible with m 3 - 4 in occlusal view; C. Peratherium elegans (type of Peratherium agmardi Filhol), QU 8216 (MNHN), right mandible with c and p 1 - m 4 in occlusal view; D. Peratherium perrierense (holotype), PRR 2524, right mandible with i 1 - m 4 in occlusal view; E. Peratherium cayluxi, QU 8217 (MNHN) (holotype), left mandible with p 2 - m 1 and m 3 - 4 in occlusal view; F. Amphiperatherium ambiguum, PLA 1042 (UM), left m 4 in occlusal and lingual views. Figures after Crochet (1980). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.80706.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/692019" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4477BAF5AB01B0A297D48B0009BAD8FA" baseAuthorityName="Simons & Bown" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium africanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="A969B202B260A0106895F21AAA32C96A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium africanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a shorter and wider anterior cingulid, deeper oblique cristid which is less parallel to the dental axis, a slightly sloping and not vertical posterior wall of the trigonid (the metacristid), and a more buccally placed hypoconulid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00D9D43E0148E8B3EE7C69D46AC25891" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium bretouense" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bretouense">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8F08F22089551F429E6755578122C77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium bretouense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a shorter anterior cingulid, a less developed entoconid, a less bucco-lingually compressed hypoconulid that is placed farther from the entoconid, and lack of a posterior cingulid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65DB15CD55F84FDCE2594CC1A34CE84F" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium cayluxi" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cayluxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D603E7DF9CB5F9A9C8C67AD262852B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium cayluxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Filhol, 1877 in having a shorter anterior cingulid, a more buccally salient hypoconid, and a smaller entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D979C07954DFA4B471FB18EC7AFDA2AA" authorityName="Teilhard de Jardin" authorityYear="1927" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium constans" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="constans">
|
||
<emphasis id="4C979E7CA86CEA62376231B964BBCE97" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium constans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Teilhard de Chardin, 1927) in having a wider and shorter anterior cingulid, a more buccally salient hypoconid, a smaller hypoconulid that is placed farther from the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09145FED699501ACB5AE3DAD0858B47F" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium cuvieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD3BECB6A37F70DF871BD2F8AD329279" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium cuvieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fischer, 1829) in having (although the m4 was not preserved in the latter) a proportionally larger hypoconulid which is more buccally placed, lack of a posterior cingulid, a smaller entoconid, and a longer talonid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE83AF4ED7E04AC0B3A6F9D5AD38AC6D" baseAuthorityName="de Blainville" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium elegans" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="7390A75C1CC7674CB62C2FD7785956A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Aymard, 1846) in having a narrower anterior cingulid, a larger hypocone which is less rounded, a larger and more buccally placed hypoconulid of which the buccal slope does not form a continuum with the posthypocristid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6281AE6AD14003B35380DFA7C557F2E" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium lavergnense" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lavergnense">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF456BA0D7E59507F5CA2CBDBD9F1465" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium lavergnense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in that the hypoconid is more buccally salient, the hypoconulid is larger and not placed immediately posterior to the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85FF5ECE0A77F66A1D075BBF87C9C0F2" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium matronense" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matronense">
|
||
<emphasis id="4A485123527DB70F47CF16163B5B163F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium matronense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a shorter anterior cingulid, a more anteriorly placed metaconid regarding the protoconid, and a hypoconulid that is not immediately distal to the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65B3C29A48A27259BE37F221988D93B8" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium monspeliense" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monspeliense">
|
||
<emphasis id="5899425BA552E77729B6D55C080C1CED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium monspeliense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a shorter anterior cingulid, and in that the oblique cristid is less parallel to the dental axis. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27AF71FF73E32B8CB4A206BFCF00CAAA" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium perrierense" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perrierense">
|
||
<emphasis id="D91AD1FE9E6F49E6A0897320EC9C1988" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium perrierense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a shorter anterior cingulid, an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis, and a hypoconulid that is farther from the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="132C7281A19FB2B9BE075C25AC62C273" class="Mammalia" genus="Peratherium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratherium sudrei" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sudrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="57620D7094447D1025D2661507A3FC9C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Peratherium sudrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in that the hypoconulid is closer to the entoconid, and the entoconid and the hypoconid are at the same level (while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF4CB6199EB5BD83143D951505606E9F" lsidName="P. sudrei" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="sudrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5E90CC2671CA512BF58F2F1B39A61A45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">P. sudrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the entoconid is more anteriorly placed).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D1BFC167BA443713D23C247DA5EA34A" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="4F22CAE376DED734C862F4D05D8C1BEF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D273DB0A7588156B18A2045B2B8A705F" authorityName="Filhol" authorityYear="1879" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7EBABC3783379DB71B6D191BC1600BBC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2ECAA7C65511F6749F140C642BE567B5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lower molar series of various marsupial taxa belonging to Peradectidae (A) and Herpetotheriidae (B-F). A. Peradectes russelli, CB 1027 (CL), right m 4 in lingual, occlusal, and labial views; B. Amphiperatherium lamandini, ECA 3104 (UM), fragment of right mandible with m 3 - 4 in occlusal view; C. Peratherium elegans (type of Peratherium agmardi Filhol), QU 8216 (MNHN), right mandible with c and p 1 - m 4 in occlusal view; D. Peratherium perrierense (holotype), PRR 2524, right mandible with i 1 - m 4 in occlusal view; E. Peratherium cayluxi, QU 8217 (MNHN) (holotype), left mandible with p 2 - m 1 and m 3 - 4 in occlusal view; F. Amphiperatherium ambiguum, PLA 1042 (UM), left m 4 in occlusal and lingual views. Figures after Crochet (1980). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.80706.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/692019" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8277C9AFC1742D9940C1A5C99D9F9B" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium brabatense" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brabatense">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B50A22CCBB62D7CBDE72F7D5F654EAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium brabatense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a wider anterior cingulid, and a proportionally larger and more buccally placed hypoconulid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91AAD10A516547678B7FFB060C885C60" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium minutum" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutum">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C8CF09030F2E8C52FA560E73C946003" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium minutum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Aymard, 1846) in having a less reduced talonid and in that the hypoconid is more buccally salient. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="935660678440E710519CFC79139EFA66" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium goethei" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goethei">
|
||
<emphasis id="672179876BBEF1DB700F36883E27ECAF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium goethei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a shorter anterior cingulid, a paraconid that is less close to the metaconid (therefore, the trigonid is less mesiodistally compressed), and an anteriorly slightly narrower talonid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0F9D70F9F79305EB13DFC0A62446B912" authorityName="Filhol" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium lamandini" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamandini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B6B1A06E9F15D18AEB90F656BF922B23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium lamandini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Filhol, 1876) in having a more salient hypoconid, larger hypoconulid which is farther from the entoconid, and in lacking a posterior cingulid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BC9DE8100F3BDC3114938ADB6FB1952" baseAuthorityName="von Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium frequens" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frequens">
|
||
<emphasis id="2F1445CC06B25E1F7011238F4945F7E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium frequens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Meyer, 1846) in having a less reduced talonid, a shorter anterior cingulid, presence of a buccal cingulid, and the hypoconulid that is farther from the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91F2B191D630409E314F40EE2D4E2871" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium maximum" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maximum">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EB3F0359EBCA75F42600C4DD06C4731" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium maximum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in its smaller size, shorter anterior cingulid, a mesio-distally less compressed paraconid, a larger hypoconulid that is placed farther from the entoconid, and a smaller entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5C8C18B96032AEFD5683C2D7B0EA3FF6" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium bastbergense" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bastbergense">
|
||
<emphasis id="91D9B23844626780D4AAE408FFB76B8D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium bastbergense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a shorter anterior cingulid, a mesio-distally less compressed paraconid, a smaller entoconid, a larger hypoconulid that is farther from the entoconid, and in the absence of a posterior cingulid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32F93EAF26DF9317F24B83AABB91BA7F" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium fontense" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fontense">
|
||
<emphasis id="56FE4D45CF7F79279DEAEB240913B164" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium fontense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a smaller anterior cingulid, an anteriorly narrower talonid, a proportionally smaller entoconid, and a hypoconulid that is larger and placed farther from the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="571C7D79D5F9810B59922047C8261D95" authorityName="Filhol" authorityYear="1877" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium ambiguum" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ambiguum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D424119DA53AD260925A23788074CFA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium ambiguum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Filhol, 1877) in having a shorter anterior cingulid and the hypoconulid being farther from the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63E96E95DB045C255A7AB5F9ACA5388B" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1848" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium exile" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exile">
|
||
<emphasis id="3D1DFB3843AD8497BCE811DEBF93AD52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium exile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Gervais, 1848-52) in having a shorter anterior cingulid, a mesio-distally less compressed paraconid and an anteriorly narrower talonid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7CFB58299C25C10E930DB8401D30B857" authorityName="Crochet" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium bourdellense" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bourdellense">
|
||
<emphasis id="3AE78BAE467F419279A50CB452B2FC29" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium bourdellense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crochet, 1979 in having a narrower talonid and a more central position of the hypoconulid, which is placed farther from the entoconid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF227726C805150D08EF7396D806B06B" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1936" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Amphiperatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiperatherium giselense" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="giselense">
|
||
<emphasis id="53FAE1246490E56DD1399770EE5B2833" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Amphiperatherium giselense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Heller, 1936) in having a mesio-distally less compressed paraconid, larger hypoconulid, anteriorly narrower talonid, and lack of a posterior cingulid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5978A35E691859275534B216E241C5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="01F6A6773EB5BA3C8213BD3FFA909891" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B464EA09DB048ED44FBC5EB7D16746B6" authorityName="Goin & Candela" authorityYear="2004" genus="Rumiodon" lsidName="Rumiodon" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1B5B3E01DE32AEDE8014132C5BEB17E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Rumiodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AF97AE0414FA9BD595AF76795B94FAB" authorityName="Goin & Candela" authorityYear="2004" genus="Rumiodon" lsidName="Rumiodon inti" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="inti">
|
||
<emphasis id="BA6BE329138BE8C71E69500FFF583FC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Rumiodon inti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Goin & Candela, 2004 in having a wider anterior cingulid, distinct hypoconulid that is larger and not twinned with the entoconid, and an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4E602D95280BAD21B2935637E51433FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph id="7216217C1E00C70F05D4BFA712042FDA" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Comparisons with other Cenozoic Holarctic metatherians.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A211D827BFF4F8A61E1E22CEC5F3C5A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7FBB2281E06480D567F1A1A05C6B356" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9956E903F8FF9F6F242428F3834EDF8" genus="Estelestes" lsidName="Estelestes" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="89354789DFC28B426395A00DFEA41F34" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Estelestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6157CF756D2B46DF038707D4EC119907" genus="Estelestes" lsidName="Estelestes ensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="ensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A68855DD1B9E4DDE0DCFBF65836A58A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Estelestes ensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Novacek,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A3C937B51C063005523166E3AE8EC797" originalValue="Ferrusquía-Villafranca">Ferrusquia-Villafranca</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Flynn, Wyss, & Norell, 1991 (early Eocene; referred by the authors to the "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2185414C25080DAFB272807C35AEB6F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Didelphidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
"), in that it lacks a postcingulid (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="542FE8C31FE9D3FE24D9B2DA26FC52DD" genus="Estelestes" lsidName="Estelestes" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13A54B27EBDD4457CEF34B8A1C4EE7B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Estelestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the postcingulid extends anteriorly forming a buccal cingulid basal to the hypocone), the hypocone is more buccally salient, the hypoconulid is farther from the entoconid and less posteriorly tilted; finally, an oblique cristid is less parallel to the dental axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="72FD2010D9FC586A2D345DB839A259F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3D6E782B4022DDCB08AA49E4F39C938" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B62F622B3429B90F90538F6339578A8" authorityName="Metais, Coster, Kappelman, Licht, Ocakoglu, Taylor & Beard" authorityYear="2018" genus="Orhaniyeia" lsidName="Orhaniyeia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A3390978CFAFF1CA7473501777FF55" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Orhaniyeia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE8CDBC71FB4B19FDE194CDB052BE89B" authorityName="Metais, Coster, Kappelman, Licht, Ocakoglu, Taylor & Beard" authorityYear="2018" genus="Orhaniyeia" lsidName="Orhaniyeia nauta" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="nauta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B048E1D9E715D4FC9B9F8575B18EA3BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Orhaniyeia nauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="209FB68DF62B27F9EB601DBF1E3C6E27" originalValue="Métais">Metais</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Coster, Kappelman, Licht,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="39264CC1AC266186F71E1232BEA4C89E" originalValue="Ocakoğlu">Ocakoglu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Taylor, & Beard, 2018 (middle Eocene of Turkey) in being much smaller, has less bunoid molars, the anterior cingulid is better developed, the paraconid is placed farther from the metaconid, the paracristid is less transverse to the dental axis, the talonid is shorter, the hypoconid is much more distally placed, an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis; finally, it lacks multiple cuspids on the pre-entocristid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0FA6E3C5F8FE247CC9745FA92373553A" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph id="ADE2ACF5FAFFF06CF9AA1EE713322127" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Comparisons with South American
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D9E5809442FB8152E95C3CD34B30FCE3" originalValue="“opossum-like”">"opossum-like"</normalizedToken>
|
||
metatherians.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B6577902CC80EF3476BCE47E27A2920" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87CD4EE5E15E301A306D8BF0F92A1DB2" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2022" class="Mammalia" family="Herpetotheriidae" genus="Morotodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Morotodon aenigmaticus" order="Primates" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="99138E4C8B130128220C664225F956AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Morotodon aenigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D97D6E1F634E56F0FD3FF2FF8440FE3" authorityName="Marshall" authorityYear="1987" class="Mammalia" family="Protodidelphidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Protodidelphidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(early to middle Eocene) in being much smaller, has less bunoid molars, and smaller and narrower talonids. Differs from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="70A9FC2D971DAF89B32F3A4BDA2444DF" class="Mammalia" family="Derorhynchidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Derorhynchidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Paleogene of South America and Antarctica) in having a longer talonid, no posterior cingulid, smaller entoconid and larger hypoconulid. Differs from species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDF116D68E6891473FB6D4587E45191D" authorityName="Paula Couto" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Gaylordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gaylordia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F82637C7F6A306E055E76C69C64353AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Gaylordia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(early Eocene) in having a less developed anterior cingulid, longer talonid, less lingually placed paraconid; finally, an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis. Differs from species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="783B9E57BE13A740B00DF81BD5AC8249" authorityName="Paula Couto" authorityYear="1962" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Marmosopsis" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3B6218092CA92C8317F43DF74082FE59" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Marmosopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(early Eocene) in lacking a posterior cingulid and an oblique cristid that is less subparallel to the dental axis. Differs from species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="466BA1ACFFED69C69C9849FF81E9812D" authorityName="Paula Couto" authorityYear="1962" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Minusculodelphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Minusculodelphis" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F882C374618757C4262990232B260DB4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Minusculodelphis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Eocene) in its larger size, better developed talonids and hypoconid, and in the persistence of the hypoconulid. Differs from species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="052173B1C57C1C3F31ADDD9256F07EBC" authorityName="Paula Couto" authorityYear="1952" genus="Monodelphopsis" lsidName="Monodelphopsis" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7C2383C1D9AFAAB5444B9F098E3194B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Monodelphopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(early Eocene) in having a narrower talonid, an oblique cristid that is less subparallel to the dental axis, and better developed entoconid and hypoconulid which are less closely set to each other. Differs from species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60396AE1E64CCFE3B2D411EBBF3F7AF0" authorityName="McKenna & Bell" authorityYear="1997" class="Mammalia" family="Sternbergiidae" genus="Carolopaulacoutoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carolopaulacoutoia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5975C184B7129C0CC415027EB2CFE1F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Carolopaulacoutoia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(early Eocene) in its shorter talonid, less parallel oblique cristid to the dental axis, more salient hypoconid, and smaller and more centrally placed hypoconulid. Differs from species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBD37CFF07F377D39EFD22D8D13634F7" genus="Itaiboraidelphys" lsidName="Itaiboraidelphys" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A7E7FCBF54CB5B7C563B955318D2C3A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Itaiboraidelphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(early Eocene) in having a poorly developed anterior cingulid, the paraconid is more distant from the metaconid, an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis, and the hypoconulid is more centrally placed. Differs from species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6595EBA5CAA95D51B09826C139F10945" authorityName="Paula Couto" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Didelphopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didelphopsis" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B540A0C538D895F9E96B1416FBF7E93E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Didelphopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Paleocene-early Eocene) in having a shorter anterior cingulid, proportionally longer trigonid, the paraconid is placed farther from the metaconid, an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis, and the hypoconulid is larger and farther from the encotonid. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEC55A2267BD3807E0AC4873882D4B71" authorityName="Marshall & de Muizon" authorityYear="1988" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Pucadelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pucadelphys andinus" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="521C48087054142D57AD02BC4ECF81CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="173">Pucadelphys andinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Marshall & Muizon, 1988 (early Paleocene) in having a larger hypoconulid and an oblique cristid that is less parallel to the dental axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |