113 lines
9.6 KiB
XML
113 lines
9.6 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380" ID-PMC="PMC6033956" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-102-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" ID-PubMed="30002597" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1306325" ModsDocID="1314-2003-102-1" checkinTime="1530324112772" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="DeFilipps, Robert A. & Krupnick, Gary A." docDate="2018" docId="B161FAC60C0574C38405E62291EF6771" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 102: 1-341" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 102" docPubDate="2018-06-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380" docTitle="Croton tiglium L." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" masterDocTitle="The medicinal plants of Myanmar" masterLastPageNumber="341" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1668138950833" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>The medicinal plants of Myanmar</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>DeFilipps, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Deceased</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Krupnick, Gary A.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-4826</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC- 166, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">krupnick@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
|
<mods:number>2018-06-28</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number>102</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end>341</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-102-1</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1306325</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="150769204" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B161FAC60C0574C38405E62291EF6771" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B161FAC60C0574C38405E62291EF6771" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
<taxonomicName LSID="B161FAC6-0C05-74C3-8405-E62291EF6771" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton tiglium" order="Malpighiales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tiglium">Croton tiglium L.</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="names">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Names.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Myanmar</emphasis>
|
|
:
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">kanakho</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">mai-hkang</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="range">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Range.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Temperate and tropical Asia. Can be cultivated in the hot and humid parts of Myanmar, to altitudes of 610 m.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="uses">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Uses.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Seed</emphasis>
|
|
: Bitter, used to stimulate appetite; correct imbalances in phlegm and gas; prevent jaundice, fainting, and facial paralysis; also taken as a laxative to rid the body of impurities. Ground seed paste is applied to scorpion stings to neutralize the venom. A mixture of oil from the seeds and ginger juice is used as medicine for whooping cough in children. One part of their oil is mixed with eight parts of coconut oil and used as a rub for aching joints. The oil can also be used for stomach disorders, hypertension, fevers, inflammation, infections, and diseases of the throat and ear.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="notes">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Notes.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
The medicinal uses of this species in India are discussed in
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jain, SK" journalOrPublisher="Phytotherapy Research" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="B50" refString="Jain, SK, DeFilipps, RA, 1991. Medicinal Plants of India. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc, Algonac." title="Medicinal Plants of India. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc, Algonac." year="1991">Jain and DeFilipps (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Medicinal uses of this species in China are discussed in
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Duke, JA" journalOrPublisher="Lipid / Fett" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" refId="B34" refString="Duke, JA, Ayensu, ES, 1985. Medicinal Plants of China. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc., Algonac." title="Medicinal Plants of China. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc., Algonac." year="1985">Duke and Ayensu (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. The species is important medicinally and economically since the seeds yield croton oil, a powerful purgative (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Bailey, LH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Ethnopharmacology" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refId="B6" refString="Bailey, LH, Bailey, EZ, 1976. Hortus Third, A Concise Dictionary of Plants Cultivated in the United States and Canada. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York." title="Hortus Third, A Concise Dictionary of Plants Cultivated in the United States and Canada. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York." year="1976">Bailey and Bailey 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
discusses the uses of the species on the Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, and in the Himalayas. She also notes that
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">all parts of the plant are somewhat poisonous</emphasis>
|
|
;
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">especially the seeds and oil</emphasis>
|
|
, which are also used in a fish and arrow poison.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
Chemical work done on the seeds and oil "reveals two active principles, one purgative but with non-irritant properties, the other (resin) irritant or vesicant". The oil also contains oleic, linolic, arachidic, myristic, stearic, palmitic, acetic and formic acids, with traces of lauric, tiglic, valeric and butyric acids. The kernel, in addition, contains
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="67" pageNumber="68" start="start">two</pageBreakToken>
|
|
toxic proteins, croton-globulin and carton-albumin; sucrose; and a glycoside, crotonoside. "The glycoside, at least in small doses, has no harmful physiological action." The leaves contain hydrogen cyanide and a triterpinoid (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="references">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">References.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Agricultural Corporation" journalOrPublisher="Phytotherapy Research" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refId="B3" refString="Agricultural Corporation, 1980. Burmese Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Corporation, Rangoon. [In Burmese]" title="Burmese Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Corporation, Rangoon. [In Burmese]" year="1980">Agricultural Corporation (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Forest Department" journalOrPublisher="ARS Pharmaceutica" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" refId="B37" refString="Forest Department, 1999. Medicinal Plants of Popa Mountain Park. Ministry of Forestry, Yangon, Myanmar." title="Medicinal Plants of Popa Mountain Park. Ministry of Forestry, Yangon, Myanmar." year="1999">Forest Department (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |