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<document id="D1E26E4F7C629677BAB630E7034B13E2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.175459" ID-GBIF-Dataset="25aa9e62-6ac8-46b5-a533-b54c6401d0d2" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="175459" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459809246645" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Azevedo, Fernanda &amp; Klautau, Michelle" docDate="2007" docId="B06887B1EA68FFB15581FBEFFB0E98B9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01402p022.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1402" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paraleucilla perlucida Azevedo &amp; Klautau, 2007, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="4C51FFC9EA6EFFBB5516FF85FFDE9C08" masterDocTitle="Calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) from Ilha Grande Bay, Brazil, with descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698220830494" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="0FE64263E4D3FAB415F944A396876B2F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="9F037C47F5B217F9576B9530548E4144">Calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) from Ilha Grande Bay, Brazil, with descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C21050724E1653B2438EB1C44BD54461">Azevedo, Fernanda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BD180EC13F2BB94829336C8D6845BC3F">Klautau, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="B5EAF62749548683CC08E19033C95334">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A368F924E3741EBA3198F856818CAF77">1402</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="95246DC5E971F69C058529F1EDADDDDD">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8B70B17726291BF2A035A06FD77FA43B" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B06887B1EA68FFB15581FBEFFB0E98B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6248417" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119353488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6248417" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B06887B1EA68FFB15581FBEFFB0E98B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B06887B1EA68FFB15581FBEFFB0E98B9" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="70DB652CEA68FFBD5581FBEFFDD7988C" box="[151,521,1130,1156]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA68FFBD5581FBEFFDD7988C" blockId="6.[151,521,1130,1156]" box="[151,521,1130,1156]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="633681CBEA68FFBD5581FBEFFDD7988C" bold="true" box="[151,521,1130,1156]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA68FFBD5581FBEFFDD7988C" bold="true" box="[151,521,1130,1156]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA68FFBD5581FBEFFE7A988C" ID-CoL="4CYRT" box="[151,420,1130,1156]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA68FFBD5581FBEFFE7A988C" bold="true" box="[151,420,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paraleucilla perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA68FFBD54BAFBEFFDD7988C" box="[428,521,1130,1156]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70DB652CEA68FFB15581FB30FB0E98B9" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA68FFBD5581FB30FC209917" blockId="6.[151,1437,1205,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<typeStatus id="E77A8805EA68FFBD5581FB30FF0098C7" box="[151,222,1205,1231]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<collectionCode id="5ED0AE62EA68FFBD5581FB30FF0098C7" box="[151,222,1205,1231]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">TYPE</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
MATERIAL—UFRJPOR 4961 (
<typeStatus id="E77A8805EA68FFBD5766FB30FD0698C7" box="[624,728,1205,1231]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
/ alcohol). Angra dos Reis (Botinas Islands). Collected by M. Klautau (
<date id="4C7F1067EA68FFBD5438FB58FE1198FF" box="[302,463,1245,1271]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2005-06-11">11 June 2005</date>
),
<quantity id="FF399B42EA68FFBD54F5FB58FDCF98FF" box="[483,529,1245,1271]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
depth. UFRJPOR 4925, 4930 (
<typeStatus id="E77A8805EA68FFBD5694FB58FC2A98FF" box="[898,1012,1245,1271]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
/ alcohol). Angra dos Reis (Botinas Islands). Collected by M. Klautau &amp; E. Lanna (
<date id="4C7F1067EA68FFBD57D2FA80FCB39917" box="[708,877,1285,1311]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2004-04-17">17 April 2004</date>
),
<quantity id="FF399B42EA68FFBD5697FA80FC709917" box="[897,942,1285,1311]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA68FFBD55D0FAA8FB8C994F" blockId="6.[151,1437,1205,2031]" box="[198,1106,1325,1351]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<typeStatus id="E77A8805EA68FFBD55D0FAA8FED3994F" box="[198,269,1325,1351]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<collectionCode id="5ED0AE62EA68FFBD55D0FAA8FED3994F" box="[198,269,1325,1351]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">TYPE</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
LOCALITY—Botinas Islands, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro,
<collectingCountry id="40D67637EA68FFBD5114FAA8FB93994F" box="[1026,1101,1325,1351]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA68FFBD55D0FAD0FE459A07" blockId="6.[151,1437,1205,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
MATERIAL EXAMINED—UFRJPOR 4897, UFRJPOR 4898, UFRJPOR 4899, UFRJPOR 4900, UFR­
<collectionCode id="5ED0AE62EA68FFBD5581FAF8FF05999F" box="[151,219,1405,1431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">JPOR</collectionCode>
4901, UFRJPOR 4902, UFRJPOR 4903, UFRJPOR 4914, UFRJPOR 4928, UFRJPOR 4929, UFR­
<collectionCode id="5ED0AE62EA68FFBD5581FA20FF0299B7" box="[151,220,1445,1471]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">JPOR</collectionCode>
4931, UFRJPOR 4934. Angra dos Reis (Botinas Islands). Collected by M. Klautau &amp; E. Lanna (
<date id="4C7F1067EA68FFBD5068FA20FEC599EF" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2004-04-17">17 April 2004</date>
),
<quantity id="FF399B42EA68FFBD5438FA48FE8599EF" box="[302,347,1485,1511]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
depth. UFRJPOR 4936. Angra dos Reis (Bonfim Island). Collected by F. Azevedo (
<date id="4C7F1067EA68FFBD5022FA48FED49A07" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2004-10-16">16 October 2004</date>
),
<quantity id="FF399B42EA68FFBD5408FA70FE959A07" box="[286,331,1525,1551]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA68FFBD55D0F998FC229A3F" blockId="6.[151,1437,1205,2031]" box="[198,1020,1565,1591]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">COLOUR—Specimens of this species are white in life and in alcohol.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA68FFBD55D0F9C0FB4D9A57" blockId="6.[151,1437,1205,2031]" box="[198,1171,1605,1631]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
ETYMOLOGY—Latin
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA68FFBD54F4F9C0FD809A56" box="[482,606,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">perlucidus</emphasis>
(= very bright). Derived from its bright surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA68FFBC55D0F9E8FE849D5A" blockId="6.[151,1437,1205,2031]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1438,152,338]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
DESCRIPTION—The
<typeStatus id="E77A8805EA68FFBD54CFF9E8FDE19A8F" box="[473,575,1645,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is
<date id="4C7F1067EA68FFBD5771F9E8FD6B9A8F" box="[615,693,1645,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1912-10-08">12 x 8</date>
<date id="4C7F1067EA68FFBD57A8F9E8FD389A8F" box="[702,742,1645,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
x
<quantity id="FF399B42EA68FFBD57C1F9E8FD389A8F" box="[727,742,1645,1671]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="5.0">5</quantity>
</date>
mm. The body is elongate and oval, with apical osculum (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA68FFBD5589F910FF389AA7" box="[159,230,1685,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A). Frequently each osculum is surrounded by a fringe of trichoxeas. Nevertheless, some specimens do not possess any fringe. Below each osculum there is an atrium with few canals. The aquiferous system is leuconoid and the choanocyte chambers are spherical. Diactines protrude through the surface (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA68FFBD51D2F960FAD29AF7" box="[1220,1292,1765,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B). The cortical skeleton is composed of sagittal triactines and tetractines, which lay tangentially to the surface (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA68FFBD5039F888FAA89B2F" box="[1327,1398,1805,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C). The tetractines are large and their basal actines are almost equiangular. The apical actine is longer than the basal ones, and crosses the choanosome. It runs parallel to the unpaired actine of the subatrial tetractines and triactines, which points to the surface. The skeleton is typical of the genus, being inarticulate near the surface (outer region) and without organization below the subatrial skeleton (inner region) (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA68FFBD516BF828FB1B9BCF" box="[1149,1221,1965,1991]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
D). Consequently, the subatrial skeleton is not adjacent to the atrial skeleton. Below it (inner region), there are scattered large tetractines and some triactines similar to those of the subatrial skeleton. Occasionally, a second subatrial skeleton is present (subatrial II skeleton), adjacent to the atrial one (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA69FFBC565DFF45FC4C9CD2" box="[843,914,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
E). This subatrial II skeleton is composed of triactines and tetractines smaller than those of the subatrial skeleton. When the body wall is thin, the skeleton is inarticulate. The atrial skeleton is composed of sagittal tetractines, and their apical actine penetrates the atrium (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA69FFBC55E5FEBDFEE49D5A" box="[243,314,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
F).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CBE662FEA69FFBC5581F906FDDA9B2D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA69FFBC5581F906FDDA9B2D" blockId="7.[151,1436,1667,1829]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA69FFBC5581F906FEC69A93" bold="true" box="[151,280,1667,1691]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
External and internal morphology of
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA69FFBC57BEF901FC479A93" box="[680,921,1668,1691]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA69FFBC57BEF901FC479A93" box="[680,921,1668,1691]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paraleucilla perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA69FFBC5689F901FC2C9A93" box="[927,1010,1668,1691]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­sec­tion showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA69FFBC55D0F8DCFBCC9B93" blockId="7.[151,1436,1881,2027]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
SPICULES (
<tableCitation id="7543031CEA69FFBC544AF8DCFE689B7B" box="[348,438,1881,1907]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,239,476,500]" captionText="TABLE 5: Spicules measurements of the holotype of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 4961)." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Table 5</tableCitation>
). Diactines: They are cylindrical, straight, with sharp tips. These spicules are rare and disposed in tufts of two to six spicules. Their size is very variable (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA69FFBC56B0F804FC339B93" box="[934,1005,1921,1947]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
G).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA69FFBC55D0F82CFEE39BE3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1881,2027]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Cortical triactines: Sagittal. They lay tangentially to the surface and their actines are conical with sharp tips (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA69FFBC55C7F854FEC69BE3" box="[209,280,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
H).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CBE662FEA66FFB35581F978FCC69B52" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175464/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[293,1291,197,1762]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA66FFB35581F978FCC69B52" blockId="8.[151,1436,1789,1882]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA66FFB35581F978FEC49B1D" bold="true" box="[151,282,1789,1813]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
External and internal morphology of
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA66FFB357AEF97BFC729B1D" box="[696,940,1790,1813]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA66FFB357AEF97BFC729B1D" box="[696,940,1790,1813]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paraleucilla perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA66FFB356A2F97BFBD79B1D" box="[948,1033,1790,1813]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
G—Diactine; H—Cortical triactine; I—Cortical tetractine; J—Subatrial triactine; K—Subatrial tetractine; L—Subatrial II triactine; M—Subatrial II tetractine (arrow points to the apical actine); N—Atrial tetractine.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA66FFB355D0F80BFB809BD8" blockId="8.[151,1438,1934,2000]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Cortical tetractines: Sagittal. Their basal actines are conical, straight, with sharp tips. The apical actine is also conical, straight and sharp at the end. It is longer than the basal ones (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA66FFB356E8F833FB9B9BD8" box="[1022,1093,1974,2000]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Fig.
<date id="4C7F1067EA66FFB35122F833FB9B9BD8" box="[1076,1093,1974,2000]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4</date>
</figureCitation>
I).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB255D0FF1DFDD89D5A" blockId="9.[151,1438,152,418]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Subatrial triactines and tetractines: Sagittal. Actines are conical, straight and sharp. The paired actines are slightly curved, and the apical actine of the tetractines is shorter than the basal ones (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA67FFB2516EFF45FB609CD2" box="[1144,1214,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
J and K). Subatrial II skeleton (triactines II and tetractines II): Sagittal. Actines are slightly conical, straight and sharp. The unpaired actine is longer than the paired ones. The apical actine of the tetractines is very short, conical and sharp (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA67FFB2545CFEBDFE519D5A" box="[330,399,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
L and M).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB255D0FEE5FB7B9DAA" blockId="9.[151,1438,152,418]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Atrial tetractines: Sagittal. Actines are conical, sharp, and the paired actines are longer than the unpaired one. The apical actine is straight or slightly curved, smooth, conical and sharp (
<figureCitation id="A0FA2A22EA67FFB2512FFE0DFB5E9DAA" box="[1081,1152,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,444,1623]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[286,1301,437,1641]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. External and internal morphology of Paraleucilla perlucida sp. nov. A—Preserved holotype; B—Cross­section showing the cortex and a tuft of diactines (arrow); C—Tangential section of the cortex; D—Cross­section of the choanosome with the outer region (arrow 1) and inner region (arrow 2); E—Cross­section showing the subatrial skeleton (arrow 1) and the subatrial II skeleton (arrow 2); F—Cross­section of the atrial skeleton showing the apical actine of tetractines protruding into the atrium" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175463/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
N).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CBE662FEA67FFB25581FE59FB2E9DFC" box="[151,1264,476,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB25581FE59FB2E9DFC" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" box="[151,1264,476,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25581FE59FED29DFC" bold="true" box="[151,268,476,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">TABLE 5:</emphasis>
Spicules measurements of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB257CEFE58FC179DFC" box="[728,969,477,500]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB257CEFE58FC179DFC" box="[728,969,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paraleucilla perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA67FFB256C6FE58FBFD9DFC" box="[976,1059,477,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(UFRJPOR 4961).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2578AFD96FB3D9E22" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" box="[668,1251,531,554]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Length Width</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2578AFDBBFB069E5D" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" box="[668,1240,574,597]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">(µm) (µm)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFDEDFAB49E77" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" box="[153,1386,616,639]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Spicule Actines min mean S max mean S n</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFD16FAB49EA2" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" box="[153,1386,659,682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Microdiactines 87.5 89.1 4.4 100.0 4.1 0.9 8</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFD3BFAB49EDD" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" box="[153,1386,702,725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diactines 175.0 303.6 127.4 562.5 11.8 1.2 7</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFD6DFAA69F22" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cortical triactines Paired 188.0 250.0 42.0 363.0 24.0 5.0 30 Unpaired 150.0 218.0 37.0 300.0 26.0 5.0 30</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFCBBFAA69FA2" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cortical tetractines Paired 163.0 272.0 49.0 350.0 28.0 4.0 30 Unpaired 163.0 246.0 49.0 400.0 28.0 7.0 30 Apical 238.0 219.0 61.0 475.0 29.0 4.0 30</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFC3BFAA69822" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Subatrial tetractines Paired 213.0 294.0 46.0 375.0 30.0 6.0 30 Unpaired 150.0 261.0 64.0 400.0 30.0 5.0 30 Apical 139.0 323.9 115.4 514.3 29.2 7.2 10</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFBBBFAA69877" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Subatrial triactines Paired 125.0 178.0 34.0 263.0 14.0 3.0 30 Unpaired 213.0 270.0 34.0 350.0 14.0 3.0 30</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFB16FAA698DD" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Subatrial triactines II Paired 141.9 180.2 30.2 227.7 11.7 2.4 10 Unpaired 237.6 276.2 32.2 330.0 13.4 3.5 10</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFB6DFAA69922" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Subatrial tetractines II Paired 115.5 179.9 43.3 250.8 8.9 1.4 10 Unpaired 191.4 240.2 35.6 277.2 9.9 1.1 10</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB2558FFABBFB4C9AD8" blockId="9.[151,1401,476,1450]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,1518,2024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Atrial tetractines Paired 113.0 179.0 33.0 263.0 10.0 3.0 30 Unpaired 75.0 140.0 38.0 200.0 10.0 3.0 30 Apical 46.0 68.0 13.0 89.0 7.0 1.0 30 REMARKS—There are six species currently described in the genus
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB25112FA6BFB489A0F" box="[1028,1174,1518,1543]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25112FA6BFB489A0F" box="[1028,1174,1518,1543]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paraleucilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB251BEFA6BFF009A38" authority="Haeckel 1872" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cucumis">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB251BEFA6BFAF69A0F" box="[1192,1320,1518,1543]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. cucumis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C504B56EA67FFB2502CFA6BFF089A38" author="Haeckel" pageId="9" pageNumber="21" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme, eine Monographie, vols 1 - 3. Berlin: Reimer." type="book chapter" year="1872">Haeckel 1872</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB255FFF993FD999A38" authority="Haeckel 1872" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[233,583,1558,1584]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="saccharata">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB255FFF993FE569A27" box="[233,392,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. saccharata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C504B56EA67FFB25481F993FDE09A38" author="Haeckel" box="[407,574,1558,1584]" pageId="9" pageNumber="21" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme, eine Monographie, vols 1 - 3. Berlin: Reimer." type="book chapter" year="1872">Haeckel 1872</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB25744F993FCA09A38" authority="Row 1909" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1909" box="[594,894,1558,1584]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crosslandi">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25744F993FD369A27" box="[594,744,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. crosslandi</emphasis>
(Row 1909)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB2569FF993FB779A38" authority="Dendy 1913" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1913" box="[905,1193,1558,1584]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="proteus">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB2569FF993FC239A27" box="[905,1021,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. proteus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C504B56EA67FFB2511DF993FB7E9A38" author="Dendy" box="[1035,1184,1558,1584]" pageId="9" pageNumber="21" refString="Dendy, A. &amp; Row, R. W. H. (1913) The classification and phylogeny of the Calcareous sponges, with a reference list of all the described species, sytematically arranged. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 47, 704 - 813." type="journal article" year="1913">Dendy 1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB251A3F993FE989A50" authority="Row &amp; Hozawa 1931" authorityName="Row &amp; Hozawa" authorityYear="1931" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB251A3F993FAE89A27" box="[1205,1334,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. princeps</emphasis>
(Row &amp; Hôzawa 1931)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB25492F9BBFD3F9A50" authority="Klautau et al. 2004" authorityName="Klautau et al." authorityYear="2004" box="[388,737,1598,1624]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magna">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25492F9BBFE2C9A5F" box="[388,498,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. magna</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C504B56EA67FFB254ECF9BBFD3F9A50" author="Klautau" box="[506,737,1598,1624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="21" refString="Klautau, M., Monteiro, L. &amp; Borojevic, R. (2004) First Occurrence of the Genus Paraleucilla (Calcarea, Porifera) in the Atlantic Ocean: P. m a g n a sp. nov. Zootaxa, 710, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="2004">
Klautau
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25748F9BBFD449A5F" box="[606,666,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Except for
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB25679F9BBFC039A5F" box="[879,989,1598,1623]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magna">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25679F9BBFC039A5F" box="[879,989,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. magna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was originally described from Rio de Janeiro,
<collectingCountry id="40D67637EA67FFB2544FF9E3FE7D9A88" box="[345,419,1638,1664]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, the others show an Indo­Pacific distribution, particularly from the Australian coast (
<bibRefCitation id="5C504B56EA67FFB25589F90BFE579AA0" author="Klautau" box="[159,393,1678,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="21" refString="Klautau, M., Monteiro, L. &amp; Borojevic, R. (2004) First Occurrence of the Genus Paraleucilla (Calcarea, Porifera) in the Atlantic Ocean: P. m a g n a sp. nov. Zootaxa, 710, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="2004">
Klautau
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25413F90BFE9C9AAF" box="[261,322,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB2548BF90BFDF59AAF" box="[413,555,1678,1703]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB2548BF90BFDF59AAF" box="[413,555,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA67FFB25722F90BFD519AA0" box="[564,655,1678,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB25108F90BFB529AAF" box="[1054,1164,1678,1703]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magna">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25108F90BFB529AAF" box="[1054,1164,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. magna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of tetractines forming the atrial skeleton, while
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB25790F933FD2D9AC7" box="[646,755,1718,1743]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magna">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25790F933FD2D9AC7" box="[646,755,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. magna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has triactines in the atrial skeleton.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA67FFB255D0F95BFE2F9BE0" blockId="9.[151,1437,1518,2024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Comparing
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB25445F95BFE3C9AFF" box="[339,482,1758,1783]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25445F95BFE3C9AFF" box="[339,482,1758,1783]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA67FFB254FAF95BFD969AF0" box="[492,584,1758,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
with the other species of the genus, we consider that
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB251D8F95BFA8C9AFF" box="[1230,1362,1758,1783]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB251D8F95BFA8C9AFF" box="[1230,1362,1758,1783]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most similar species. However, they can be distinguished by the size of their spicules (
<tableCitation id="7543031CEA67FFB251B9F883FAD49B28" box="[1199,1290,1798,1824]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,239,353,377]" captionText="TABLE 6: Spicules measurements from the original description of Paraleucilla princeps (Row &amp; Hôzawa, 1931)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Table 6</tableCitation>
) and by the absence of trichoxeas in our species. The diactines of
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB2561FF8ABFC4B9B4F" box="[777,917,1838,1863]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB2561FF8ABFC4B9B4F" box="[777,917,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA67FFB2568AF8ABFC289B40" box="[924,1014,1838,1864]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are shorter and thicker (303.6 / 11.8 µm) than those of
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB25478F8D3FE2E9B67" box="[366,496,1878,1903]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25478F8D3FE2E9B67" box="[366,496,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1,800.0 / 4.0 µm), the subatrial tetractines are longer and thicker in our species (294.0 / 30.0 µm) than in
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB254D3F8FBFD999B9F" box="[453,583,1918,1943]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB254D3F8FBFD999B9F" box="[453,583,1918,1943]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(120.0–200.0 / 12.0–18.0 µm), and the apical actines of the atrial tetractines of
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB255EAF823FE529BB7" box="[252,396,1958,1983]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB255EAF823FE529BB7" box="[252,396,1958,1983]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA67FFB25480F823FE2A9BC8" box="[406,500,1958,1984]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are much shorter and thinner (46.0–89.0 / 7.0 µm) than those of
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA67FFB25001F823FA429BB7" box="[1303,1436,1958,1983]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA67FFB25001F823FA429BB7" box="[1303,1436,1958,1983]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. princeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(180.0–450.0 / 8.0–12.0 µm).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA64FFB155D0FF1DFE9D9D22" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,298]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
In relation to the other species,
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA64FFB15722FF1DFD1E9CB9" box="[564,704,152,177]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB15722FF1DFD1E9CB9" box="[564,704,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA64FFB157D1FF1DFCFF9CBA" box="[711,801,152,178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB156AFFF1DFBEC9CB9" box="[953,1074,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. c u c u m i s</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA64FFB1517BFF1DFAD29CB9" box="[1133,1292,152,177]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="saccharata">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB1517BFF1DFAD29CB9" box="[1133,1292,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. saccharata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of tetractines in the atrial skeleton of the former. Comparing
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA64FFB156B6FF45FBF39CD1" box="[928,1069,192,217]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perlucida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB156B6FF45FBF39CD1" box="[928,1069,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. perlucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="118657CEEA64FFB15123FF45FB4E9CD2" box="[1077,1168,192,218]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
with
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA64FFB151C2FF45FAB49CD1" box="[1236,1386,192,217]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crosslandi">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB151C2FF45FAB49CD1" box="[1236,1386,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. crosslandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA64FFB15581FF6DFED49D09" box="[151,266,232,257]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="proteus">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB15581FF6DFED49D09" box="[151,266,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. proteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it can be distinguished by the presence of diactines in our species, which are absent in
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA64FFB15010FF6DFA429D09" box="[1286,1436,232,257]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crosslandi">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB15010FF6DFA429D09" box="[1286,1436,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. crosslandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA64FFB155DEFE95FEE29D21" box="[200,316,272,297]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="proteus">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB155DEFE95FEE29D21" box="[200,316,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. proteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CBE662FEA64FFB15581FEE4FA809D70" box="[151,1374,353,377]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA64FFB15581FEE4FA809D70" blockId="10.[151,1374,353,377]" box="[151,1374,353,377]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB15581FEE4FED29D71" bold="true" box="[151,268,353,377]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">TABLE 6:</emphasis>
Spicules measurements from the original description of
<taxonomicName id="FFC14D24EA64FFB1567EFEE7FA849D70" authority="Row &amp; Hozawa, 1931" authorityName="Row &amp; Hozawa" authorityYear="1931" box="[872,1370,353,377]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Paraleucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="princeps">
<emphasis id="0AB5EAB5EA64FFB1567EFEE7FB8E9D71" box="[872,1104,354,377]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Paraleucilla princeps</emphasis>
(Row &amp; Hôzawa, 1931)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA64FFB15685FE1FFB0F9DD4" blockId="10.[153,1246,410,1201]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Length Width (µm) (µm)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA64FFB1558FFE75FDA09E0F" blockId="10.[153,1246,410,1201]" box="[153,638,496,519]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Spicule Actines</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA64FFB1558FFD9FFC0B9FB9" blockId="10.[153,1246,410,1201]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Trichoxeas 300–600 2–4 Diactines 1,800 4.0 Cortical triactines Paired 200 12–16 Unpaired 240 12–16 Subcortical tetractines Paired 180 10–20 Unpaired 260 12–20 Apical 180–280 12–20 Choanosomal tetractines Paired 120–200 12–18 Unpaired 200–260 12–18 Apical 40–60</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA64FFB1558FFC40FC0B9839" blockId="10.[153,1246,410,1201]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Subatrial tetractines Paired 120–200 12–18 Unpaired 200–260 12–18 Apical 40–60</paragraph>
<paragraph id="387E36A7EA64FFB1558FFBC0FB0E98B9" blockId="10.[153,1246,410,1201]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Atrial tetractines Paired 100–200 10–12 Unpaired 140–230 10–12 Apical 180–450 8–12</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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