186 lines
19 KiB
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186 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.101559" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3c4802ba-4c6b-47d2-9cb7-2aacb9f5c218" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-175" ID-Pensoft-UUID="88E9CFE5B5315143B11AAA90BD90ECBF" ID-ZooBank="9E52FBF7700E4FC3A62E0334CE3DE926" ModsDocID="1860-1324-70-1-175" checkinTime="1683131457736" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Aspoeck, Horst & Aspoeck, Ulrike" docDate="2023" docId="ACE4BB12341553CD9223EC7A4D348D77" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 70(1): 175-218" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 70 (1)" docPubDate="2023-05-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.101559" docTitle="Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="88E9CFE5B5315143B11AAA90BD90ECBF" lastPageNumber="175" masterDocId="88E9CFE5B5315143B11AAA90BD90ECBF" masterDocTitle="The snakeflies of the Mediterranean islands: review and biogeographical analysis (Neuropterida, Raphidioptera)" masterLastPageNumber="218" masterPageNumber="175" pageNumber="175" updateTime="1683132186139" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The snakeflies of the Mediterranean islands: review and biogeographical analysis (Neuropterida, Raphidioptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Aspoeck, Horst</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9407-3566</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Aspoeck, Ulrike</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum Vienna, Department of Entomology, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria & Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ulrike.aspoeck@nhm-wien.ac.at</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-05-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>70</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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<mods:start>175</mods:start>
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<mods:end>218</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.101559</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.101559</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-1-175</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9E52FBF7700E4FC3A62E0334CE3DE926</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ACE4BB12341553CD9223EC7A4D348D77" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ACE4BB12341553CD9223EC7A4D348D77" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FPQC" LSID="ACE4BB12-3415-53CD-9223-EC7A4D348D77" authority="(H. Aspoeck & U. Aspoeck, 1971)" baseAuthorityName="H. Aspoeck & U. Aspoeck" baseAuthorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Raphidiidae" genus="Phaeostigma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai" order="Raphidioptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wewalkai" subGenus="Magnoraphidia">
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Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai (H.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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& U.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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, 1971)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Aspock & U. Aspock" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Raphidiidae" genus="Raphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raphidia (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai" order="Raphidioptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wewalkai" subGenus="Magnoraphidia">Raphidia (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai</taxonomicName>
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H.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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& U.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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, 1971a (odescr): H.
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<bibRefCitation author="Aspoeck, H" journalOrPublisher="Biologia Gallo-Hellenica" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" refId="B44" refString="Aspoeck, H, Aspoeck, U, Rausch, H, 1991. Die Raphidiopteren der Erde. Eine monographische Darstellung der Systematik, Taxonomie, Biologie, Oekologie und Chorologie der rezenten Raphidiopteren der Erde, mit einer zusammenfassenden Uebersicht der fossilen Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Neuropteroidea). Mit 36 Bestimmungsschluesseln, 15 Tabellen, ca. 3100 Abbildungen und ca. 200 Verbreitungskarten. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld: 2 Bde: 730 pp. [550 pp.]" title="Die Raphidiopteren der Erde. Eine monographische Darstellung der Systematik, Taxonomie, Biologie, Oekologie und Chorologie der rezenten Raphidiopteren der Erde, mit einer zusammenfassenden Uebersicht der fossilen Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Neuropteroidea). Mit 36 Bestimmungsschluesseln, 15 Tabellen, ca. 3100 Abbildungen und ca. 200 Verbreitungskarten. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld: 2 Bde: 730 pp. [550 pp.]" year="1991">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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et al. 1991
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</bibRefCitation>
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(mon).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="H. Aspoeck & U. Aspoeck" baseAuthorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Raphidiidae" genus="Phaeostigma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai" order="Raphidioptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wewalkai" subGenus="Magnoraphidia">Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai</taxonomicName>
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(H.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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& U.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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): H.
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<bibRefCitation author="Aspoeck, H" journalOrPublisher="Biologia Gallo-Hellenica" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="67 - 111" refId="B43" refString="Aspoeck, H, Aspoeck, U, Rausch, H, 1989. The Raphidioptera of the Eastern Mediterranean: A Zoogeographical Analysis. Biologia Gallo-Hellenica 15: 67 - 111" title="The Raphidioptera of the Eastern Mediterranean: A Zoogeographical Analysis." volume="15" year="1989">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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et al. 1989
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</bibRefCitation>
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(biogeogr, distr); H.
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<bibRefCitation author="Aspoeck, H" journalOrPublisher="Biologia Gallo-Hellenica" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" refId="B44" refString="Aspoeck, H, Aspoeck, U, Rausch, H, 1991. Die Raphidiopteren der Erde. Eine monographische Darstellung der Systematik, Taxonomie, Biologie, Oekologie und Chorologie der rezenten Raphidiopteren der Erde, mit einer zusammenfassenden Uebersicht der fossilen Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Neuropteroidea). Mit 36 Bestimmungsschluesseln, 15 Tabellen, ca. 3100 Abbildungen und ca. 200 Verbreitungskarten. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld: 2 Bde: 730 pp. [550 pp.]" title="Die Raphidiopteren der Erde. Eine monographische Darstellung der Systematik, Taxonomie, Biologie, Oekologie und Chorologie der rezenten Raphidiopteren der Erde, mit einer zusammenfassenden Uebersicht der fossilen Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Neuropteroidea). Mit 36 Bestimmungsschluesseln, 15 Tabellen, ca. 3100 Abbildungen und ca. 200 Verbreitungskarten. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld: 2 Bde: 730 pp. [550 pp.]" year="1991">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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et al. 1991
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</bibRefCitation>
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(mon);
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<bibRefCitation author="Popov, A" editor="Canard, M" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Neuropterology. Bagneres-de-Luchon, Haute-Garonne (France), 24 - 27 June 1991. (Insecta: Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera)" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="319 - 330" refId="B165" refString="Popov, A, 1992. Zoogeographical analysis of Neuropteroidea (Insecta) of the Balkan Peninsula. In: Canard, M, Aspoeck, H, Mansell, MW, Eds., Current Research in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Neuropterology. Bagneres-de-Luchon, Haute-Garonne (France), 24-27 June 1991. (Insecta: Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera): 319 - 330" title="Zoogeographical analysis of Neuropteroidea (Insecta) of the Balkan Peninsula." volumeTitle="Current Research in Neuropterology." year="1992">Popov 1992</bibRefCitation>
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(biogeogr); H.
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<bibRefCitation author="Aspoeck, H" editor="Canard, M" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Neuropterology. (Insecta: Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera). Cairo, Egypt, 2 - 7 May 1994" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="31 - 86" refId="B37" refString="Aspoeck, H, Hoelzel, H, 1996. The Neuropteroidea of North Africa, Mediterranean Asia and of Europe: a comparative review (Insecta). In: Canard, M, Aspoeck, H, Mansell, MW, Eds., Pure and Applied Research in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Neuropterology. (Insecta: Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera). Cairo, Egypt, 2-7 May 1994: 31 - 86" title="The Neuropteroidea of North Africa, Mediterranean Asia and of Europe: a comparative review (Insecta)." volumeTitle="Pure and Applied Research in Neuropterology." year="1996">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hölzel">Hoelzel</normalizedToken>
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1996
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</bibRefCitation>
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(distr); H.
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<bibRefCitation author="Aspoeck, H" journalOrPublisher="Denisia" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="1 - 606" refId="B47" refString="Aspoeck, H, Hoelzel, H, Aspoeck, U, 2001. Kommentierter Katalog der Neuropterida (Insecta: Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera) der Westpalaearktis. Denisia 02: 1 - 606" title="Kommentierter Katalog der Neuropterida (Insecta: Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera) der Westpalaearktis." volume="02" year="2001">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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(anncat); H.
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<bibRefCitation author="Aspoeck, H" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Austriaca: Zeitschrift der Osterreichischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="101 - 260" refId="B14" refString="Aspoeck, H, 2012. Ulrike Aspoeck zum 70. Geburtstag: Ein wissenschaftshistorischer Blumenstrauss. Entomologica Austriaca: Zeitschrift der Osterreichischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 19: 101 - 260" title="Ulrike Aspoeck zum 70. Geburtstag: Ein wissenschaftshistorischer Blumenstrauss." volume="19" year="2012">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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(cat);
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<bibRefCitation author="Aspoeck, H" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Austriaca: Zeitschrift der Osterreichischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="9 - 155" refId="B32" refString="Aspoeck, H, Aspoeck, U, 2013. Woher kommen die Namen? Die validen rezenten Taxa der Kamelhalsfliegen der Erde: Systematisches Verzeichnis und Etymologie (Insecta: Endopterygota: Neuropterida: Raphidioptera). Entomologica Austriaca: Zeitschrift der Osterreichischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 20: 9 - 155" title="Woher kommen die Namen? Die validen rezenten Taxa der Kamelhalsfliegen der Erde: Systematisches Verzeichnis und Etymologie (Insecta: Endopterygota: Neuropterida: Raphidioptera)." volume="20" year="2013">
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H.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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and U.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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(cat, etymol; ill: imag),
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<bibRefCitation author="Aspoeck, H" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Austriaca: Zeitschrift der Osterreichischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="9 - 152" refId="B33" refString="Aspoeck, H, Aspoeck, U, 2014. Die Autoren der Taxa der rezenten Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Endopterygota). Entomologica Austriaca: Zeitschrift der Osterreichischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 21: 9 - 152" title="Die Autoren der Taxa der rezenten Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Endopterygota)." volume="21" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
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(cat).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="taxonomy">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Taxonomy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
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H.
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<bibRefCitation author="Aspoeck, H" journalOrPublisher="Biologia Gallo-Hellenica" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" refId="B44" refString="Aspoeck, H, Aspoeck, U, Rausch, H, 1991. Die Raphidiopteren der Erde. Eine monographische Darstellung der Systematik, Taxonomie, Biologie, Oekologie und Chorologie der rezenten Raphidiopteren der Erde, mit einer zusammenfassenden Uebersicht der fossilen Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Neuropteroidea). Mit 36 Bestimmungsschluesseln, 15 Tabellen, ca. 3100 Abbildungen und ca. 200 Verbreitungskarten. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld: 2 Bde: 730 pp. [550 pp.]" title="Die Raphidiopteren der Erde. Eine monographische Darstellung der Systematik, Taxonomie, Biologie, Oekologie und Chorologie der rezenten Raphidiopteren der Erde, mit einer zusammenfassenden Uebersicht der fossilen Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Neuropteroidea). Mit 36 Bestimmungsschluesseln, 15 Tabellen, ca. 3100 Abbildungen und ca. 200 Verbreitungskarten. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld: 2 Bde: 730 pp. [550 pp.]" year="1991">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
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et al. (1991)
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ph. (M.) wewalkai" order="Raphidioptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wewalkai" subGenus="M.">Ph. (M.) wewalkai</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. a. Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai, ♂. Greece, Korinthia, Oros Onia. Foto: F. Anderle, now Denner; b. Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai, ♀. Greece, Korinthia, Oros Onia. Foto: P. Sehnal; c. Phaeostigma (Aegeoraphidia) biroi, ♂. Greece, Crete, Anogia> Axos. Foto: P. Sehnal; d. Phaeostigma (Aegeoraphidia) biroi, ♀. Greece, Crete, Anogia> Axos. Foto: P. Sehnal; e. Phaeostigma (Aegeoraphidia) biroi, larva. Greece, Crete, Anogia> Axos. Foto: H. Bruckner; f. Phaeostigma (Superboraphidia) minois, ♂. Greece, Crete, Levka Ori, W Omalos. Foto: H. Aspoeck; g. Subilla confinis, ♂. Lower Austria, Klosterneuburg. Foto: H. Bruckner; h. Subilla principiae, ♂. Italy, Sardinia, Gennargentu, Fonni. Watercolour by Wilhelm Zelenka (1936 - 2011), Vienna. In the possession of H. & U. Aspoeck." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.101559.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845502" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">4a, b</figureCitation>
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) can easily be distinguished from the species of its sister group (= (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ph. flammi" order="Raphidioptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flammi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Ph. flammi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ph. horticola" order="Raphidioptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="horticola">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Ph. horticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) +
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ph. robusta" order="Raphidioptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robusta">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Ph. robusta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) by characters of the male and female genitalia. However, (at least) in a small area on the Dirphys mountain range on Euboea, where it occurs sympatric and syntopic with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ph. (M.) flammi" order="Raphidioptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flammi" subGenus="M.">Ph. (M.) flammi</taxonomicName>
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, intermediate phaena occur. We interpret these phaena as hybrids between the two species. See also under
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ph. (M.) flammi" order="Raphidioptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flammi" subGenus="M.">Ph. (M.) flammi</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Biology and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
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Larvae (probably exclusively) corticolous on deciduous trees and on conifers in various warmer habitats with rich vegetation from sea level to ca. 1000 m asl. Development two,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Raphidiidae" genus="Subilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Subilla three" order="Mecoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="three">Subilla three</taxonomicName>
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or more years. Last hibernation stage: full-grown larva. Adults: (IV)V-VI.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="records on mediterranean islands">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Records on Mediterranean islands</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. a. Records of species of the genus Xanthostigma, X. corsica and X. aloysiana, on Mediterranean islands; b. Records of Ornatoraphidia flavilabris, Phaeostigma (Magnoraphidia) wewalkai, and of Dichrostigma flavipes, on Mediterranean islands." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.101559.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845506" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">8b</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Euboea (Dirphys and Ochi mountain ranges) and various spots in the southwest of the island. Most probably the species occurs in all parts of Euboea.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Continental distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Restricted to a small part of eastern Sterea Ellas.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="biogeography">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Biogeography.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Extremely stationary, monocentric Balkanopontomediterranean faunal element.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |