215 lines
21 KiB
XML
215 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="171A0B91F52D12F5B8A3BEEE1CCE91E6" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-CLB-Dataset="52956" ID-GBIF-Dataset="91467a53-f18a-46ea-83e7-1bd161b4183e" ModsDocAuthor="Cuezzo, F." ModsDocID="21031" checkinTime="1244212339744" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Wild, A. L. & Cuezzo, F." docDate="2006" docId="9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1" docLanguage="en" docName="21031_gg2.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1142" docSource="http://antbase.org/ants/publications/21031/21031.pdf" docTitle="Gracilidris pombero Wild & Cuezzo, 2006, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="9C2C8185B5D92148F6B8ED4D1C3223DD" masterDocTitle="Rediscovery of a fossil dolichoderine ant lineage (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae) and a description of a new genus from South America." masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1732762903974" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="A15DEAEC41C9E59E5F2BCC25391AB645" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="528D62829948F90332B4A9BD86FCBF7E">
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<mods:title id="1A6ECAF46D2C523EA171C5BDF599A1F6">Rediscovery of a fossil dolichoderine ant lineage (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae) and a description of a new genus from South America.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="1A8B527C3F187CABAD79A830072E1E87" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="3F60FCF191E07CF18F0D5CCF7F86B1E2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6E8216974B85EEFAFA4AFB95D9AA68C5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3CC9F6C7A1665BFAF86DB3EEB04F1DD0">Wild, A. L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="CBA1C6B6CE1A9EE574F3C9628E7CC2D4" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="60FE7FF07ECCDED8972823E8F06BDCFB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="89987D461C01406DC0FA715696B34823">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1976C83ED021EFF394155880B022AB36">Cuezzo, F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2ADEC44874329008AEB2EA0EC8F4C47D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="5036F8545994690DE9934E19E035DA1B" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="89797E7A3DBBEF66C10BA9087E7E282E">
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<mods:title id="323810D2932B57963B2355572B701B5C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="0950C1C1B132F88A0D29DB22298383B1">
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<mods:date id="A7DC2D376A2C2DC7FB3F81B9F21BB11D">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="38F857C5FE4844306CBEF28885F497FA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="085F7F735F1DBD9CF877281C4854B166">1142</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="8A0CD9BC3E82E08D3C2CCF16C5A54854" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="D14D992E71741A98AAD0523F784749AB">57</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0A049C70C61335671D62063158DD7ACE">68</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="6AFFD7CB89E1BF66DA6B4C2DC94E2F63">
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<mods:url id="4498E171A3E0527678860F143446343F">http://antbase.org/ants/publications/21031/21031.pdf</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="431B081054409445786AB0A88CF5AAB8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B899028161A0E51EB35F5889B544FCDF" type="HNS-Pub">21031</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6493004" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100126116" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6493004" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1" lastPageNumber="66" pageNumber="62" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Dolichoderinae">
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<subSubSection id="D6175AE847AB5C91525E162CE2B32A5B" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="72632854C8DA735470DA320E834B4D22" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName id="11C68C0D9EF87E4132E9D1093E4F5C41" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:195364" genus="Gracilidris" lsidName-HNS="Gracilidris pombero Wild & Cuezzo" pageNumber="62" rank="species" species="pombero">Gracilidris pombero Wild</taxonomicName>
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& Cuezzo,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7683D63C6B762CA7E6C2C33B3E7FC34F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0C9490130B7BD378D8E04EFAB47B2ADD" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EB414D13EBC8D87435C04407AAED12BC" pageNumber="62">(worker Figs. 1-8, 10; nest Fig. 9; distribution Fig. 11)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B9468C6F63638BC01AA47F6275F1C322" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1C7AFB904E09D0E19E5B50C516CA15B3" pageNumber="62">Type material examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9DF2AAC45F5D3815DB0A72C42CD6D776" pageNumber="62">
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<materialsCitation id="2BB50510E7DF691B4202868D4CC2C4A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899749" collectingDate="2002-12-05" collectionCode="IBNP" collectorName="A.L. Wild" country="Paraguay" latitude="-23.55215" location="Pozo Colorado" locationDeviation="5 km SE" longitude="-58.764217" specimenCode="acc. no. 1766" stateProvince="Pte. Hayes" typeStatus="Holotype, Paratypes">
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<typeStatus id="A0ED9C2104A7004EC28C444CD70E5F5B">Holotype</typeStatus>
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. Worker.
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<collectingCountry id="FD96196372E63F378CC5D13BA6C72245">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="36C0E54380253176797BEC4B318FD00A">Pte. Hayes</collectingRegion>
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:
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<locationDeviation id="C8485586D04C27146006E277F1E4E0BB">5k SE</locationDeviation>
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<location id="711B73D8F26EA538E3337BBC34AE4E17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1:711B73D8F26EA538E3337BBC34AE4E17" country="Paraguay" latitude="-23.55215" longitude="-58.764217" name="Pozo Colorado" stateProvince="Pte. Hayes">Pozo Colorado</location>
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. 140m.
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<geoCoordinate id="C2F9AD69FD582E3F7E2851B1A30E3FB5" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-23.55215">23°33.129' S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="6EC2FCC2ACE28239DA4D40C521755816" direction="west" orientation="longitude" value="-58.764217">58°45.853' W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectingDate id="76445EB0B90538CFB742E525DCF9A392" day="05" month="12">
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5.
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<collectingDate id="AC86A3585FBAD580EDCD543B9FF56A38" month="12" value="2002-12" year="2002">xii.2002</collectingDate>
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</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="2DA8EC735A90B74F56D483DEC6E76581">A.L. Wild</collectorName>
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<specimenCode id="B73169A6B91A84D19F5810206E961AF3">acc. no. #1766</specimenCode>
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(
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<collectionCode id="09F72404590AF59B527550BAB47A5CA3" collectionName="IBNP">IBNP</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE7AE9B3F5251A18A265EF292269309D" pageNumber="62">
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<materialsCitation id="34CBAAAF03EA82C2B9886E649E89A02E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899756" collectingDate="2002-12-05" collectionCode="ALWC, BMNH, CASC, IFML, LACM, MCZC, MHNG, MZSP, UCDC, USNM" collectorName="A.L. Wild" country="Paraguay" latitude="-23.55215" location="Pozo Colorado" locationDeviation="5 km SE" longitude="-58.764217" specimenCode="acc. no. 1734, 1736, 1766" stateProvince="Pte. Hayes" typeStatus="Holotype, Paratypes">
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<typeStatus id="88F8D7BFDF0CE7C29C6E553E787F3014">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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. Series of 20 workers, same data as holotype,
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<specimenCode id="B4F6947BECA131EBE5EBEC616CEE0290">acc. nos. #1734</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="4914CD88C3220625E625C0FCB832E45D">1736</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="63F283EC81283434EDAE5D08915DC58E">1766</specimenCode>
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(
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<collectionCode id="D2F8DE8CD1EEA9E1CDA0E639A6805F47" collectionName="ALWC">ALWC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="8457D2C85798CB94D5BE948C73300767" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]">BMNH</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="B3867547743D5340D99331828A55F30B" collectionName="USA, California, San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences">CASC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="794C43D6AAB616C1059D10F72C3C68F9" collectionName="IFML">IFML</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="A846F97A103156988D7A34A1C1E6A4F1" collectionName="USA, California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History">LACM</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="1EF7BDA08787760C7C128B3116A66CDF" collectionName="MCZC">MCZC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="F859BF6BBF583DB02ED17C1C68FA98F2" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle">MHNG</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="43F18E362BE6094A44D93102ABAF0F96" collectionName="Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo">MZSP</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="2E6BC02675BB82200B424DBB9042F656" collectionName="USA, California, Davis, University of California, R.M. Bohart Museum of Entomology">UCDC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="C3B6B7F2160EC6AEAF58080F338B189C" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]">USNM</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B3A69AC019F020B3BFDCD00585A8C55A" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C21AC7354535AAB1C650F9E2C62FA494" pageNumber="62">Additional material examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CBA45E9A0E2C85C8013F1AC5ADA245D0" pageNumber="62">
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<materialsCitation id="87B8B12F2B1580F4888E08E91D276868" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899750" collectionCode="IFML" country="Argentina" location="Copo National Parq" stateProvince="Santiago del Estero">
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<collectingCountry id="715E9E9FAA5752B664D0B08B6D853EC2">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="7F663B9ACE85C61C629E2E77B6652D6B">Santiago del Estero</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location id="95234D8D271C7C2DAAEFE130A6D5C715" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1:95234D8D271C7C2DAAEFE130A6D5C715" country="Argentina" name="Copo National Parq" stateProvince="Santiago del Estero">Copo National Parq</location>
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. (5w,
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<collectionCode id="D4A66D849F0A22BC697D61C9C814067B" collectionName="IFML">IFML</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B84E32F79FB41990A24955543990727" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899754" collectionCode="CEPEC (Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, Itabuna)" country="Brazil" location="Ilheus" specimenCode="photographic internet record 4830" stateProvince="Bahia">
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<collectingCountry id="331889097965FF31D64B4805856BBE21">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="FD4D4AA5A25B7D82FB5102E653AC7376">Bahia</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location id="26EC0E1D5D27B08642FC0D3F347CFDB5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1:26EC0E1D5D27B08642FC0D3F347CFDB5" country="Brazil" name="Ilheus" stateProvince="Bahia">Ilheus</location>
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,
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<collectionCode id="687019A5E79FCEF006E9CA9D3B0D003E">CEPEC</collectionCode>
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, specimen not directly examined, (
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<specimenCode id="9E5646465347BE58280AE678950AAD82">photographic internet record, #4830</specimenCode>
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: http:// research.amnh.org/entomology/social_insects/tempcepecline.html, available in 2002 and apparently offline as of August 2005).
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="C1FC90B988321BCB131DFE847136CE1E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899755" collectingDate="2000-03" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="Brandao et al." country="Brazil" latitude="-8.566667" location="Balsas, Gerais de Balsas" longitude="-46.71" stateProvince="Maranhao">
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<collectingRegion id="0BFCD96505ACC1B51B2BBCA218590DE2">Maranhao</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location id="A90EE48659A0EC3FB31091765169CFB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1:A90EE48659A0EC3FB31091765169CFB7">Balsas</location>
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,
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<location id="AA6CEB7287C85CFF4EFD80A269FE0967" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1:AA6CEB7287C85CFF4EFD80A269FE0967">Gerais de Balsas</location>
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<geoCoordinate id="1AC0500AD9A11F1DF708AFA27C04E850" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-8.566667">08°34' S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="608B4344D022CCCED3BAA84FC9B53FF7" direction="west" orientation="longitude" value="-46.71">46°42.6' W</geoCoordinate>
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<collectingDate id="571E6FE33032773D3DA3800948D4037A">xi.1999-iii.2000</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="C70AFA4D62ED91D218EF547AB6304AF2">Brandao et al</collectorName>
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(2w,
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<collectionCode id="2719668AA2A281E08604CF09CA65A5AD" collectionName="Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo">MZSP</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="CED33561AD99B3B630249FE968EABA53" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899752" collectingDate="1985-01-25" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="J. C. Trager" country="Brazil" location="Mpio. Varzea Grande, Souza Lima" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">
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<collectingRegion id="0376499DF7A45613C30B21D4E25775ED">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location id="8882667593641D015099975FA2FB4AD0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1:8882667593641D015099975FA2FB4AD0">Mpio. Varzea Grande, Souza Lima</location>
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,
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<collectingDate id="9CC058194C65AD0FAF80B2FBE6AC406C" day="25" month="01" value="1985-01-25" year="1985">25.i.1985</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="8CD19761AAEC8FF71BEF5A994AE4D500">J. C. Trager</collectorName>
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(3w,
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<collectionCode id="443E79A2DA99D39DA34BD7EC581CF22D" collectionName="Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo">MZSP</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="860D3DA5ACC2B47E23E0E6555B697578" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899751" collectingDate="1957-12" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="C. Gilbert" country="Brazil" location="Agudos" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">
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<collectingRegion id="B5DF86C32F93F477E9A44F7229680DA3">Sao Paulo</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location id="5A88172792FBBEFC30EE074FA35E6DF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C373A926F8C12784BC14FEFE5BF40F1:5A88172792FBBEFC30EE074FA35E6DF2" country="Brazil" name="Agudos" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Agudos</location>
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,
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<collectingDate id="C333DA2F54513BAA1843F93B17AB1854" month="12" value="1957-12" year="1957">xii.1957</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="78088FF8E9C4303ECA16F646D6773F6C">C. Gilbert</collectorName>
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(2w,
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<collectionCode id="5F56AB05668F52F7E797765A93AB817E" collectionName="Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo">MZSP</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C03E3115D0F02E537D811D006F227D48" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE7B01022DFB7380BF132C4BC2D81B4" pageNumber="62">Worker measurements</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="963398272E90F6776A388445E150D975" pageNumber="62">Holotype: HL 0.87, HW 0.67, SL 0.94, FL 0.87, LHT 0.95, PW 0.53, WL 1.28, OI 5.4, SI 141, CI 76.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A6F78C0ADFB366BF8FBC57D9E9467386" pageNumber="62">Others (n = 14): HL 0.80-0.93, HW 0.62-0.71, SL 0.89-1.08, FL 0.72-0.99, LHT 0.89-1.14, PW 0.47-0.57, WL 1.16-1.46, OI 4.0-6.9, SI 138-154, CI 76-81.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8CBD784A927EE7EC8AD46AE89E4CE98A" pageNumber="62">Worker description</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="99FF82DE797368BB2EAC27DE48AC251B" pageNumber="62">As given in the generic description, but with the following additional details: Head in full frontal view longer than broad (CI 76-81) and quadrate-oval in shape. Lateral margins evenly convex and the head no wider posterior to than anterior to the eyes. Compound eyes large (OI 4.0-6.9), consisting of 130-150 ommatidia, situated near the longitudinal midpoint of the head in full frontal view. Anterior clypeal margin usually bearing a single straight, short, forward-projecting median seta, a longer pair of setae just lateral of the midline that are about half the length of the masticatory margin of the mandibles, and an irregular number (2-6) of small setae lateral to these (Fig. 6).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="35F123C94AF4A7E3413085C7698E24EB" pageNumber="63">Mandibular dentition variable but usually as follows: strong apical tooth, a smaller subapical tooth, a small third tooth, a strong fourth tooth, and the remaining 3 teeth small, spaced more or less evenly along the masticatory margin and separated from each other by 1-3 denticles. Basal angle of the mandible indistinct and bearing 2-4 denticles.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="69CCF7E9AF90AD9431F242880B0BA2DC" pageNumber="63">Dorsal surfaces of ant head, mesosoma, and metasoma devoid of erect setae, except abdominal segment 6 which bears a pair of setae oriented posteriorad. Entire surface of body including legs, antennal scapes, and the proximal half of the mandibles covered in a dense, fine pubescence. Pubescence also contains fine appressed hairs twice as long as the adjacent hairs, and evenly spaced about as far apart as their length over the body and appendages (Fig. 8). These can be difficult to see without the correct lighting, and are most visible on the gaster. Ventral surfaces of the mesosoma, coxae, and metasoma with a few erect setae. Integument shagreened, ant appearing dull to lightly shining but never opaque.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="93951EE52A1EDE58A31D68CA7E899BEB" lastPageNumber="64" pageNumber="63">Color varying from body and appendages dark brown (Paraguay, Bahia, Maranhao), to head and gaster light brown with the mesosoma and petiole testaceous (Sao Paulo, Mato Grosso). Trochanters, tarsi and ventrum of petiole lighter than body, light brown to almost white.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A775353F7293C8564D6A5277A253FB0F" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A88E3B937CA70BFC081398EA077EE7EE" pageNumber="64">Discussion</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="424FFBEAA332010BFDD3A3BA910C7A7D" pageNumber="64">
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Body proportions and color vary geographically among populations of
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<taxonomicName id="AB58BE41B153F90C57E2C72F6553D488" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:195364" genus="Gracilidris" lsidName-HNS="Gracilidris pombero Wild & Cuezzo" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="pombero">G. pombero</taxonomicName>
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. In particular, specimens from Paraguay and Argentina are darker and have relatively shorter appendages than Brazilian specimens. Given that this variation is allopatric, however, and given the limited material available for study, we feel it is preferable to place all forms within a single species until more material becomes available.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AD85D2BC25E4021E7FC23534AAAE213" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="59750B9731883D3F9A65B4B2C85D41A6" pageNumber="64">Biology</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B6B15CC0125A52CCB8F747B6A4DC1581" lastPageNumber="65" pageNumber="64">In the two collection series where nesting information was noted (the Paraguayan type series and the Mato Grosso series), colonies were in soil with the nest entrance consisting of a small earthen turret. The turret of the type series nest in Paraguay was only a few millimeters tall and opened at ground level on one side (Fig. 9), so that the nest entrance was cryptic and concealed from above. There appeared to be only one nest entrance. A low level of activity at the entrance of the type series nest and the small number of workers (n = 25) collected during a partial nest excavation suggests a small colony size.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EBDE5F39EAE7609F48333FA49A38BEA9" pageNumber="65">
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The collection records of
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<taxonomicName id="F58ADC24A8C90866074F624C59DEC2E2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:195364" genus="Gracilidris" lsidName-HNS="Gracilidris pombero Wild & Cuezzo" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="pombero">G. pombero</taxonomicName>
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indicate that it inhabits low scrub forests of the type found in cerrado and chaco habitats. The specimens from Maranhao were collected at a sardine bait in cerrado scrub forest near the edge of a soybean field. The specimen from Bahia, Brazil was collected in a small primary forest fragment in a Cocoa plantation. The Mato Grosso, Brazil collection was from grazed cerrado, and the Paraguayan type series came from a lightly grazed Copernicia alba palm forest in the humid chaco.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C780B8909DC156EDC53194A38965E8A" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="A7174ED1F1C3A8D2B532D9F81BCC8358" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:195363" genus="Gracilidris" lsidName-HNS="Gracilidris Wild & Cuezzo" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">Gracilidris</taxonomicName>
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ants are probably noctural, which may partly explain their rarity in collections. At the type locality, single foraging workers were collected at dusk and after dark on two separate nights, and visual searches and baits during the day at the same location did not yield any workers. In the field, workers appear elongate, their gaster held horizontally (Fig. 10), and their movements are smooth and deliberate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C82C267652E0B0926ECA500811344FE" pageNumber="65">Reproductive castes, brood, colony structure, and life history are unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2201B77F23E543DE53ADCE93B8F7F4B2" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="1C0D66F71A94D9C9E0F88040AE066C97" pageNumber="66">Etymology</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FBD96E6C256259A806D4A574D1304C0D" pageNumber="66">Pombero is a mythical nocturnal figure in Guarani folklore. The name is applied here as a noun in apposition in reference to the nocturnal activity pattern of this species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |