155 lines
21 KiB
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155 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="0AAD7F8F827CB6A6C6F57877A3DDD6F5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.210824" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4a3ca8ca-49ff-4de5-99fb-53dca97cd62c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="210824" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460551861589" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hayes, Polly, Justine, Jean-Lou & Boxshall, Geoffrey A." docDate="2012" docId="9B238789FFE5807A768BFF71FEA2FAB5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03534p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3534" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Caligus robustus Bassett-Smith 1898" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="671AFFF1FFE88077761CFFE6FFA1FFC3" masterDocTitle="The genus Caligus Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida): two new species from reef associated fishes in New Caledonia, and some nomenclatural problems resolved" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698318448691" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="A4211BC2B70F9AD5C6B0C25EE15E76A4">The genus Caligus Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida): two new species from reef associated fishes in New Caledonia, and some nomenclatural problems resolved</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5A0A2DECE780CACC4528E7BCC402BA89">Hayes, Polly</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="11C4D8B4CE693AF66CA2D65D793AD3A8">Justine, Jean-Lou</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D4831B94FD5A12A5BCEFE547DCD1EC45">Boxshall, Geoffrey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3A520D49AC85FD60EED938B45BB1DE86">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D8AD2721DDBEB0A3462141286FF769E8">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7935A5DEF06BC0469ADBDB439A357DF7">3534</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E52078F1378DB99AD2488D637BE71CBD" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.210824</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9B238789FFE5807A768BFF71FEA2FAB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6167103" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119530728" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6167103" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B238789FFE5807A768BFF71FEA2FAB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B238789FFE5807A768BFF71FEA2FAB5" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="5B906514FFE5807A768BFF71FEA2FAB5" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1335369FFFE5807A768BFF71FDC0FF72" blockId="13.[151,609,151,177]" box="[151,609,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="487D81F3FFE5807A768BFF71FDC0FF72" bold="true" box="[151,609,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A768BFF71FDC0FF72" authority="Bassett-Smith, 1898" authorityName="Bassett-Smith" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,609,151,177]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A768BFF71FDC0FF72" bold="true" box="[151,609,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A768BFF71FEC2FF72" bold="true" box="[151,355,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Caligus robustus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A7777FF71FDC0FF72" author="Bassett-Smith" box="[363,609,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Bassett-Smith, P. W. (1898) Some new or rare parasitic copepods found on fish in the Indo-tropic region. Annals and Magazine of Natural Hist ory Series 7, 2, 357 - 372, pls 10 - 12." type="journal article" year="1898">Bassett-Smith, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1335369FFFE5807A768BFF38FC73FDD5" blockId="13.[151,1436,222,1398]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
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The original description of
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A77CAFF39FDFBFF35" box="[470,602,222,246]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A77CAFF39FDFBFF35" box="[470,602,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">C. robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was based on material collected from four hosts, three carangids and a scombrid, in two localities in the northern part of the Indian Ocean (
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A75BAFEE4FB31FED9" author="Bassett-Smith" box="[934,1168,258,282]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Bassett-Smith, P. W. (1898) Some new or rare parasitic copepods found on fish in the Indo-tropic region. Annals and Magazine of Natural Hist ory Series 7, 2, 357 - 372, pls 10 - 12." type="journal article" year="1898">Bassett-Smith, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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). This species has been reported many times subsequently from a range of predominantly carangid hosts caught in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans (
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<tableCitation id="5E080324FFE5807A76E7FEACFEF3FEA1" box="[251,338,330,354]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="14.[151,235,154,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Known hosts and localities of Caligus robustus." pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Table 1</tableCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A7772FEACFE5CFEA1" author="Pillai" box="[366,509,330,354]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1985) Fauna of India. Parasitic copepods of marine fishes. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 900 pp." type="book" year="1985">Pillai (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A7427FEACFD49FEA1" author="Cressey" box="[571,744,330,354]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Cressey, R. (1991) Parasitic copepods from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, III: Caligus. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 497, 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1991">Cressey (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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both provided partial redescriptions of this species, but the female was fully redescribed by Ho & Lin (2007). The adult female is characterised by the possession of an elongate, 2-segmented abdomen that is about 2.8 to 3.0 times longer than wide, and a flask-shaped genital complex that is just wider than long or about as long as wide dependent upon the state of contraction of the anterior “neck” of the complex.
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A777CFE3DFD84FE30" box="[352,549,475,499]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A777CFE3DFD84FE30" box="[352,549,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Caligus robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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exhibits three really distinctive features: the myxal margin of the female maxilliped, the posterior process of the maxillule and the exopod of leg 4.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1335369FFFE5807A76DBFDC5FB2DFCD0" blockId="13.[151,1436,222,1398]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
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In
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A76F9FDC5FEC4FDF8" box="[229,357,547,571]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A76F9FDC5FEC4FDF8" box="[229,357,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">C. robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the female maxilliped has a large tapering process on the myxal margin, opposing the tip of the maxilliped claw. Arising in the axil of this process is a second, shorter and more slender spine-like process. The tapering posterior process of the maxillule of the female has a transverse structure separating off the apex. This has been figured as a membrane (Ho & Lin, 2007: figure 3c) or as a furrow (
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A75A1FD68FB4CFD65" author="Cressey" box="[957,1261,654,678]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Cressey, R. (1991) Parasitic copepods from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, III: Caligus. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 497, 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1991" yearSuffix="c">Cressey, 1991: figure 170c</bibRefCitation>
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). Leg 4 has a 3- segmented exopod with a I, I, III arrangement of outer spines. The pectens, which normally surround the base of the outer spine on each of the first two exopodal segments, extend along the entire outer margin of the second exopodal segment and along the distal section of the margin of the first exopodal segment.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1335369FFFE5807A76DBFCF9FAB0FB25" blockId="13.[151,1436,222,1398]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
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A cluster of nominal species shares these distinctive features.
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A7598FCF8FAB0FCF5" authority="Carvalho, 1956" authorityName="Carvalho" authorityYear="1956" box="[900,1297,798,822]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oligoplitisi">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A7598FCF8FBFDFCF5" box="[900,1116,798,822]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Caligus oligoplitisi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A7278FCF8FAB0FCF5" author="Carvalho" box="[1124,1297,798,822]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Carvalho, J. de P. (1956) Caligus oligoplitisi sp. n. copepod parasito del " zapatero " Oligoplitis saliens (Bloch). Neotropica, 2, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1956">Carvalho, 1956</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="6B9D760FFFE5807A734BFCF8FA3AFCF5" box="[1367,1435,798,822]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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shares the distinctive form of the myxal process on the female maxilliped, the arrangement of pectens on the proximal segments of the exopod of leg 4, and the subapical furrow on the maxillule (
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A7243FC80FF44FC61" author="Carvalho" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Carvalho, J. de P. (1956) Caligus oligoplitisi sp. n. copepod parasito del " zapatero " Oligoplitis saliens (Bloch). Neotropica, 2, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1956">Carvalho, 1956: figures 4, 9 and 11</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A76E7FC6DFDE5FC61" authority="Pearse, 1952" authorityName="Pearse" authorityYear="1952" box="[251,580,906,931]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="validus">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A76E7FC6DFE0DFC60" box="[251,428,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Caligus validus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A77A8FC6DFDE5FC61" author="Pearse" box="[436,580,906,930]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Pearse, A. S. (1952) Parasitic Crustacea from the Texas coast. Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, The University of Texas, 2, 5 - 42." type="journal article" year="1952">Pearse, 1952</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the coast of Texas shares the distinctive myxal process on the female maxilliped, but although the form of the exopod of leg 4 is similar, Pearse’s figure does not show the pectens. The maxillule was not figured by
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A77FEFC35FDDEFC29" author="Pearse" box="[482,639,978,1002]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Pearse, A. S. (1952) Parasitic Crustacea from the Texas coast. Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, The University of Texas, 2, 5 - 42." type="journal article" year="1952">Pearse (1952)</bibRefCitation>
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, however other features such as the proportions of the genital complex and abdomen, and the shape of the sternal furca agree with those of
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A75B4FC11FB8BFBCD" box="[936,1066,1014,1038]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A75B4FC11FB8BFBCD" box="[936,1066,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">C. robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Although the illustration of the maxilliped of female
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A7797FBFDFD5CFBF1" authority="Capart, 1941" authorityName="Capart" authorityYear="1941" box="[395,765,1050,1075]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mercatoris">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A7797FBFDFDC3FBF0" box="[395,610,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Caligus mercatoris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A7477FBFCFD5CFBF1" author="Capart" box="[619,765,1050,1074]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Capart, A. (1941) Copepoda Parasitica. Resultats Scientifiques des Croisieres du Navire-Ecole Belge " Mercator ", 3, 171 - 197." type="journal article" year="1941">Capart, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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is drawn from an unusual angle (
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A7267FBFCFA2FFBF1" author="Capart" box="[1147,1422,1050,1074]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Capart, A. (1941) Copepoda Parasitica. Resultats Scientifiques des Croisieres du Navire-Ecole Belge " Mercator ", 3, 171 - 197." type="journal article" year="1941">Capart, 1941: figure 4D</bibRefCitation>
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), this species also shares the distinctive myxal process. In addition the pectens on the first two exopodal segments of leg 4 extend along the segmental margins. Although the abdomen of the specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A7263FB85FABAFBB8" box="[1151,1307,1123,1147]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mercatoris">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A7263FB85FABAFBB8" box="[1151,1307,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">C. mercatoris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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figured by
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A768BFB60FE92FB5D" author="Capart" box="[151,307,1158,1182]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Capart, A. (1941) Copepoda Parasitica. Resultats Scientifiques des Croisieres du Navire-Ecole Belge " Mercator ", 3, 171 - 197." type="journal article" year="1941">Capart (1941)</bibRefCitation>
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appears relatively shorter than in
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A74B2FB61FC8FFB5D" box="[686,814,1158,1182]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A74B2FB61FC8FFB5D" box="[686,814,1158,1182]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">C. robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as described by
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A75F2FB60FB39FB5D" author="Cressey" box="[1006,1176,1158,1182]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Cressey, R. (1991) Parasitic copepods from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, III: Caligus. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 497, 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1991">Cressey (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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for example, the shape of the sternal furca is the same and the armature on the tip of the exopod of the first leg is also the same (with spine 1 reduced in size and located subdistally on the anterior margin rather than at the antero-distal corner).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1335369FFFE5807A76DBFB15FEA2FAB5" blockId="13.[151,1436,222,1398]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
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We propose to treat
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A77B6FB15FD5CFAC9" authority="Carvalho, 1956" authorityName="Carvalho" authorityYear="1956" box="[426,765,1266,1291]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oligoplitisi">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A77B6FB15FDE4FAC8" box="[426,581,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">C. oligoplitisi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A7451FB14FD5CFAC9" author="Carvalho" box="[589,765,1266,1290]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Carvalho, J. de P. (1956) Caligus oligoplitisi sp. n. copepod parasito del " zapatero " Oligoplitis saliens (Bloch). Neotropica, 2, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1956">Carvalho, 1956</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A7515FB15FBB2FAC9" authority="Pearse, 1952" authorityName="Pearse" authorityYear="1952" box="[777,1043,1266,1291]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="validus">
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<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A7515FB15FCDAFAC8" box="[777,891,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">C. validus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A759FFB15FBB2FAC9" author="Pearse" box="[899,1043,1266,1290]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Pearse, A. S. (1952) Parasitic Crustacea from the Texas coast. Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, The University of Texas, 2, 5 - 42." type="journal article" year="1952">Pearse, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A7256FB15FADCFAC9" authority="Capart, 1941" authorityName="Capart" authorityYear="1941" box="[1098,1405,1266,1291]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mercatoris">
|
||
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A7256FB15FB45FAC8" box="[1098,1252,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">C. mercatoris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A72F0FB14FADCFAC9" author="Capart" box="[1260,1405,1266,1290]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Capart, A. (1941) Copepoda Parasitica. Resultats Scientifiques des Croisieres du Navire-Ecole Belge " Mercator ", 3, 171 - 197." type="journal article" year="1941">Capart, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as junior subjective synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE5807A77E0FAF1FCD2FAED" authority="Bassett-Smith, 1898" authorityName="Bassett-Smith" authorityYear="1898" box="[508,883,1302,1326]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE5807A77E0FAF1FDDEFAED" box="[508,639,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">C. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE5807A7496FAF0FCD2FAED" author="Bassett-Smith" box="[650,883,1302,1326]" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" refString="Bassett-Smith, P. W. (1898) Some new or rare parasitic copepods found on fish in the Indo-tropic region. Annals and Magazine of Natural Hist ory Series 7, 2, 357 - 372, pls 10 - 12." type="journal article" year="1898">Bassett-Smith, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This species has a wide distribution across the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and utilises a broad range of hosts, although exhibiting a clear preference for carangids (
|
||
<tableCitation id="5E080324FFE5807A7682FAB8FF53FAB5" box="[158,242,1374,1398]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="14.[151,235,154,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Known hosts and localities of Caligus robustus." pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |