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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="305713" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.79.e64325" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a68ac12f-87f8-412b-83e6-86b3f20109f6" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1864-8312-79-309" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EA5AA50B7FC95C85A3A4B20F6A751940" ID-ZooBank="E4C130CF221E4C43BC7BD1083120CFD9" ModsDocID="1864-8312-79-309" checkinTime="1626449887957" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Li, Ning, Wang, Ji-Shen &amp; Hua, Bao-Zhen" docDate="2021" docId="9754D376323A5163BBC37F4827A87CCD" docLanguage="en" docName="ArthropodSystPhyl 79: 309-342" docOrigin="Arthropod Systematics &amp; amp; Phylogeny 79" docPubDate="2021-07-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.79.e64325" docTitle="Panorpa gaokaii Li &amp; Wang &amp; Hua 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="EA5AA50B7FC95C85A3A4B20F6A751940" lastPageNumber="309" masterDocId="EA5AA50B7FC95C85A3A4B20F6A751940" masterDocTitle="Morphological phylogenetic analyses and taxonomic revision of the Panorpa davidi group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="309" pageNumber="309" updateTime="1732929515307" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="CCB24FC563F78D0278813BA5280FE809" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E692555F22BD88E0DB7BCFDB0291C2EC">
<mods:title id="4C175AD88484E03E36F1570843B217BD">Morphological phylogenetic analyses and taxonomic revision of the Panorpa davidi group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D496E137CBE90E2401D33A63DA385421" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C32980B8F877BF21F2497A27BCB653AA">
<mods:roleTerm id="2C51ABD6BD225719451D13976188E031">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="20AB687BDDF141C25A51C79ADBDB1562">Li, Ning</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="81B580B149F8A5F59291552EEA8B6EBC">Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Ning Li [liningning @ nwafu. edu. cn]; Ji-Shen Wang [wangjishen 826 @ gmail. com]</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E832954D4FF35878CDC301D1BE604FFD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FF0C5982657A91B27CAC3235165B3D1C">Wang, Ji-Shen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CF36F7CBBB21B203348ABE7E764FFF82">Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Ning Li [liningning @ nwafu. edu. cn]; Ji-Shen Wang [wangjishen 826 @ gmail. com]</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7EDF2122549E70B2F07B461896B92CBA">Hua, Bao-Zhen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6B12432BCA8B10B86DEEBEE1409BACE1">Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Ning Li [liningning @ nwafu. edu. cn]; Ji-Shen Wang [wangjishen 826 @ gmail. com]</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A9F7A42C5D205D172365DDDAA5A0EEDC" type="email">huabzh@nwafu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CAD4FF967FE9B851E6706B045F84626A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CF3C6291EDD838D7767D0CE6EF7E1920">Arthropod Systematics &amp; amp; Phylogeny</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E754F95C541D369F9596EA1B8BE387F6">
<mods:date id="717E6A0D86C5A000C83630D2727B7844">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="38DF658100A9750A366F6D276DBA9312" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="1A991256F776449D15CDCDD42273F9BE">2021-07-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4DDF9482B2EDF070F994AF9D36A5A7B6">79</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="14BF04EDD23014B080CF6E9095DE40E9">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.79.e64325</mods:url>
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<treatment id="9754D376323A5163BBC37F4827A87CCD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550475" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9754D376323A5163BBC37F4827A87CCD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9754D376323A5163BBC37F4827A87CCD" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" scope_family="Panorpidae" scope_order="Mecoptera">
<subSubSection id="BD51277FCA18E304007C91524678703E" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8EE7AD1E5424738CC23932599D674C2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName id="4F075EB15BD07B1E91B9E820D30F6BC9" LSID="9754D376-323A-5163-BBC3-7F4827A87CCD" authority="Li &amp; Wang &amp; Hua, 2021" authorityName="Li &amp; Wang &amp; Hua" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Panorpidae" genus="Panorpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Panorpa gaokaii" order="Mecoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaokaii" status="sp. nov.">Panorpa gaokaii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E0765406057CE17F58390EDF8D4003A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DAF8DC44DCF60DEC6CACB702C18390D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="description">
<paragraph id="41EBA48BE77DB1D942E3764912FCB879" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<figureCitation id="DA2CE1F8F5A35FF66C1845854F2EED04" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Figs 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5C76F4AC14CE1760A7A52D821DC43FD" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">, 14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15B072CF931CD89BE74A622DF10C6775" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F40D3065DA39F4D3E6784DDF9E0C7C2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="45E66C1D1D317C932A1753752410273A" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
This species can be recognized by the following features: (1) frons and occiput yellowish brown (Fig.
<figureCitation id="825449EAF9419C59E93781FE5313B0E9" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A-C</figureCitation>
); (2) vertex with broad black transverse band passing through ocellar triangle, extending to inner margins of compound eyes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9360CED10DABD3B4A7C823D2475BF2F3" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A-C</figureCitation>
); (3) forewing with pterostigma brown; apical band indistinctly faint brown, greatly reduced; other bands and spots absent (Figs
<figureCitation id="7700EADDC88DA12742791AE830BC1046" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F9DBF5298003FA35D8F30D5E85EDE48C" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A-B</figureCitation>
); in males, (4) meso- and metanotum pale brown, with broad pale yellow mesal stripe extending to T3 (Figs
<figureCitation id="B0B38DA91F7FD0F2DFF0ADD7319BD217" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="48BAEA89F69BE4DD8BF261CB9FF214FA" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A</figureCitation>
); (5) A6 uniformly black, projected on dorsal apex with sparse long brown setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6217B150E3D960DE54B505F7D4E50A6B" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14D</figureCitation>
); (6) gonocoxites bearing cluster of black setae on inner apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6B6B9E292B1054BB8892977CDC5FEBB7" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14F-G</figureCitation>
); (7) parameres crossed, twisted in S-shape, reaching apex of gonocoxites (Fig.
<figureCitation id="602265EAC47AEC50C66D166DF71A5456" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14H</figureCitation>
); in females, (8) medigynium with main plate broad, long, twice as long as wide; a pair of large lateral basal plates reaching three-fourths of length of main plate; posterior arms half length of main plate; axis extended beyond main plate for half of its length anteriorly, extruded posteriorly (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DEC871BCD6A3635EBBF30CC3DFE58B08" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14K-L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="7865E4E59FB0D09261A6523D663A1203" doi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph id="C7CF4D995AAE18CBB529C30A667BEDED" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<emphasis id="C049F2D97F1127D0B2F37096D0621E91" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Figure 13.</emphasis>
Live adult habitus and habitat of
<taxonomicName id="5E899531DF05FFC560148DCCE465007F" authorityName="Li &amp; Wang &amp; Hua" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Panorpidae" genus="Panorpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Panorpa gaokaii" order="Mecoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaokaii">
<emphasis id="E4D45E9E993B7AA3DEEC0D581AB0AD55" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Panorpa gaokaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="79D057EA2D151A30B0FE225880542BDD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="2D2DA98A1BF8DAE2433ECE0F47E0D789" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">B</emphasis>
Male, lateral and dorsal views.
<emphasis id="444EB518C9D3E648F9538BCD0E48C64D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">C</emphasis>
. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="257F23B608F329730551FDE4338C5705" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F2BEC80DE996C69366530808606DBC79" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D4DC117890793AA73844255810D1F67B" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">The specific epithet is dedicated to Kai Gao, the collector of the type specimens, for his support to this research.</paragraph>
<caption id="BC77EFE42C15EE2AAE35CFAEF38FA5EF" doi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
<paragraph id="EC2225717EBF43BE6244DD36F7BC55BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<emphasis id="FE212D453950CB535B296863C25039E9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Figure 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E7F7C18BF104CD96497004F77B4F655A" authorityName="Li &amp; Wang &amp; Hua" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Panorpidae" genus="Panorpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Panorpa gaokaii" order="Mecoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaokaii">
<emphasis id="F7932B904F0F3935EBE065550724FE1A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Panorpa gaokaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei.
<emphasis id="3BDC7989229239823236EF6BB125ECD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="F762334D7D8F8EA730B476C996073BB6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">C</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="5A40BC6F23D63EFD689E37B9CD515179" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">I</emphasis>
. Male.
<emphasis id="8530A2C57E80C1A377F7062562F3F05A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="6D70449F97DF2786481DFD2EFED8F01D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">C</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view.
<emphasis id="F6DAC221D48AE601B2FEE4218CC64860" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">D</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="1DF2EC9F93E2A157F5628B8625304F88" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">E</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="320901CC6D4B3CAE8729AC66C5D9DD1B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">G</emphasis>
. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views.
<emphasis id="3AE91AF76C96B970816751EBAA5846A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">H</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="E8A85A9BC55AFC5BF1D0DBF23DDC3E71" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">I</emphasis>
. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively.
<emphasis id="D79A0CFDF22A62A959D73745B0C87394" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="858022AA19EE2DF11F67FE8D36087357" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">J</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="1065A5FEE2D531D5E42DD525CD2AB3D1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">L</emphasis>
. Female.
<emphasis id="BACD0F188F96DA8E8FD0736F47A7E01E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">B</emphasis>
. Habitus, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="3C2BA3D160FF97DD58848A55E8E976D7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">J</emphasis>
. Terminalia, ventral view.
<emphasis id="17BD63ACBB08F40A3CE9DA0399ED8B78" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">K</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="8F3559CC79F022E6311996162A9B03E4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">L</emphasis>
. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49EE915E3902A0FCB84B77CD842BFB4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="747F531C0A248F74C387ACF001360C06" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EFDDC4BE4241D54175392878594A2240" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<materialsCitation id="9AEDCF373B694050FE6F691F46959DCB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323412368" collectingDate="2018-07-01" collectorName="Kai Gao" country="CHINA" elevation="1800" location="Shennongjia National Nature Reserve" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Hubei Prov." typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis id="22857D858C28B29DD8AFB837AF1C2174" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<typeStatus id="6B7A2B8C0EF324F421543F231726F14B">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="ECE685741DF4D87274667F4928C09A14" name="China">CHINA</collectingCountry>
-
<emphasis id="214025456889600AB3C7A90559AC171C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<collectingRegion id="470F3575F78B52B39F3D263716070D84" country="China" name="Hubei">Hubei Prov.</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="7F84BB03B1777EE8891952B66365DF95">♂</specimenCount>
;
<location id="E7860B1C335006F0727674E502EF28EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9754D376323A5163BBC37F4827A87CCD:E7860B1C335006F0727674E502EF28EA" country="CHINA" name="Shennongjia National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Hubei Prov.">Shennongjia National Nature Reserve</location>
;
<elevation id="2CD13AD99C55C1ADA377EFDBF8ED247D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">
<quantity id="502B89A6FB994D0185C50D95303D10F6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<collectingDate id="978ECAE2627B196B3FE2E621A583B67D" value="2018-07-01">1 Jul. 2018</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="8D2CFEDC649F1010000E27102C7B52AE">Kai Gao</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CEC9D407F1834B228AE9B8B7C36F7377" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323412301" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Kai Gao" country="CHINA" elevation="1800" location="Hubei Prov." specimenCount="17" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Hubei Prov." typeStatus="Paratypes">
<emphasis id="307DBD809F0D8632585CB12BF200ED22" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<typeStatus id="FBB003C317AD3E1356E807C3D84E0CD5">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="B60EA48ABA4E9512C60E3E37B28B6C91" name="China">CHINA</collectingCountry>
-
<emphasis id="1263C689E9C5D873C2374F1F084C8EDA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<collectingRegion id="DC59C9B8CD70995A909A45156B569F6E" country="China" name="Hubei">Hubei Prov.</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="835FF825A36AC26169BF0700D87E5424" type="male">7 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="BD0D04DDDD07332C1A6DD07D3D1B859F" type="female">10 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="31060CC0516EDFF65D96C8BEA4973BA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="description">
<paragraph id="776C8C524636119089867D9560475288" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Measurements.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="974A841C7E109CD348AA4CFC77233A4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Male: FL = 13.3-14.3 mm, FW = 3.7-3.9 mm; HL = 12.0-13.0 mm, HW = 3.5-3.6 mm. Female: FL = 13.9-14.2 mm, FW = 3.7-3.8 mm; HL = 2.8-13.1 mm, HW = 3.4-3.5 mm.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C9D829606BDFF0C9A2C66F3A7A829EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="description">
<paragraph id="6B98F1E0C7114918A3E6FD1D1BCD7D85" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E8806A5BE03033462E14EF44DC90F3E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<emphasis id="946DDD75FCA98EB8F00BBD3683DBA990" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Male: Head</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="7D117C74A0CB5FF3D4CABDF6F9B3E5AA" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8F5197EFC84F28EAD6EDA8B0AAFD65E" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A, C</figureCitation>
): Frons and occiput yellowish brown; vertex with broad black transverse band passing through ocellar triangle and extending to inner margins of compound eyes. Rostrum yellow, with labrum brown; labial and maxillary palps yellowish brown basally, gradually darkening toward apex, with apical segment dark brown. Antennal scape ununiformly brownish black; pedicel and flagellum dark brown, filiform, with 35-39 flagellomeres.
<emphasis id="6CD4A32C94B18240BED1D0E28F252992" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Thorax</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="01FC455056AEA9A336D65191ABA207C8" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="98E4ABD24E82A37FDD3E21776C7E56EA" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A, D</figureCitation>
): Pronotum unevenly pale brown, with two dark-brown transverse stripes, bearing 10-14 black setae along anterior margin; meso- and metanotum pale brown, with broad pale to pale yellow mesal stripe. Pleura pale yellow. Legs yellowish brown with tarsi darkened toward apices.
<emphasis id="3E59DECA45108F784300C6829FB55304" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Wings</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="0CF53126010457564A782D0C59507B5C" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2FC5C59BC288865D21E921A800098A5C" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A</figureCitation>
): Membrane hyaline. Forewing with pterostigma reddish brown. Apical band indistinctly faint brown, greatly reduced, arranged between R2a1 and R5 or M1. Hindwing similar to forewing, but slightly smaller with reduced markings.
<emphasis id="AE473FAAD6E2606AB136715118F1AF2F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Abdomen</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="052E50E6CE8ECABA0ABA003F4A3D8829" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Live adult habitus and habitat of Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov. A - B Male, lateral and dorsal views. C. Habitat in Shennongjia, Hubei. Photos by Kai Gao." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567053" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">13A-B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D292F4DFF57C249BA6AC2DEB369A6D3E" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14A, D</figureCitation>
): T2 and T3 unevenly pale with lateral and posterior margins dark brown. Notal organ of T3 flat rectangular, covering acute postnotal organ on anterior portion of T4. T4-T6 black brown. A6 projected on dorsal apex with long brown setae. A7 and A8 elongate, uniformly yellow, constricted basally.
<emphasis id="4778584B2A7202700F766AFEE390721A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Genitalia</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="A3E09A5B17CFD9BD2CECFC2D56DE27C2" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14E-I</figureCitation>
): Genital bulb oval, yellow. Epandrium broad basally, bearing dense setae distally, with deep terminal emargination. Cercus long clavate, slightly expanded towards apex. Hypandrium with shortened basal stalk; hypovalves long and broad, reaching apex of gonocoxites; each hypovalve rounded at apex, bearing long dense setae along apical half and shorter setae along basal half on inner margin. Gonocoxites bearing cluster of stout black setae on inner apex. Gonostylus with large basal cup and obtuse triangular median tooth. Parameres twisted in S-shape, crossed mesally, bearing dense short spines on inner margin. Dorsal valves of aedeagus slender, strongly curved ventrally; with circular dorsal process on middle portion. Ventral valves shortened. Lateral process distinctly triangled. -
<emphasis id="BDB6D1531D2811308B518348F7E38DB0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Female</emphasis>
: Similar to male in body coloration except, T3 uniformly dark brown in most females and small portion pale in a few specimens. Wing markings similar to males (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7662FDCBEE6E93D1D2800DF90B6BD2D7" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14B</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="0DD2E2400AAFFAD820C717FC51837F0D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Genitalia</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="753206D2B18F9DCB243124C666265DC2" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Panorpa gaokaii sp. nov from Shennongjia, Hubei. A, C - I. Male. A. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E - G. Genital bulb, dorsal, ventral (removing hypandrium), and ventral views. H - I. Aedeagal complex, ventral and lateral views, respectively. B, J - L. Female. B. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Terminalia, ventral view. K - L. Medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: A-B = 5 mm; C = 0.5 mm; D = 2 mm; E-L = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.79.e64325.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/567054" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">14J-L</figureCitation>
): Subgenital plate broad subbasally, narrowing into subtriangular and indistinctly distal emarginate, bearing long setae on caudal and lateral margins. Medigynium with well-developed main plate, nearly rectangular, twice as long as wide; lateral basal plates broad, long, reaching three-fourths length of main plate, each basal plate formed by two pieces of sclerotized structures basally connected by membrane; posterior arms half length of main plate, forming deep U-shaped emargination; axis elongated, bifurcated anteriorly, extended beyond main plate for half of its length, with posterior slightly extruded.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EB28B48EC0A5CDF9C5A52ED06D80AFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4B0FCBD5922DC5D5660591C4C89D5407" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="80C54726F4C747B3510DEFF81AD2B549" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">China: Hubei.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC0AA6A5F740861BC874D02AACC81F35" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="6210441CF323812AC393AEC86D41D449" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E5240A0AB40333168ECC8AA9641FA280" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
This new species resembles
<taxonomicName id="D6E7193CA454985EDBCF1CFC0A04291A" lsidName="P. bashanicola" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="bashanicola">
<emphasis id="D2A4165537BD78F2B92AF03397ECF2BF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">P. bashanicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in appearance, but can be readily differentiated from the latter by the following characters: (1) wing with apical band narrow (cf. absence); (2) 1A ending beyond (cf. before) the origin of Rs; (3) forewing usually longer than 13 mm (cf. shorter than 13 mm).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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