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<document id="BBF45B144F9FCF93BD9C6180F61BF208" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.659.2.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217850" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722614802633" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Yang, Kun L., Lin, Jia Y., Li, Guang-Mei, Liu, Zhen-Chao, Hosen, Md. Iqbal &amp; Yang, Zhu L." docDate="2024" docId="9750879FB12DFF8FFAE71D1D7AE86A5F" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.659.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 659 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.659.2.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Xanthagaricus ianthinus Y. Li &amp; F. J. Wang, Phytotaxa" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="138" masterDocId="6B69FFE7B135FF95FA6F1E1F7E716B17" masterDocTitle="Heinemannomyces, Hymenagaricus and Xanthagaricus revisited (Basidiomycota, Agaricaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="164" masterPageNumber="112" pageNumber="136" updateTime="1722812303986" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="27F2D4022E4298225288870A099F47EA">
<mods:title id="06D21B5CB1C5C6ABF925B8663F45B0AC">Heinemannomyces, Hymenagaricus and Xanthagaricus revisited (Basidiomycota, Agaricaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="323276B6E09B7F8C80C8C25A0BBB8398">Yang, Kun L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CA52AC0AE8041F376A4DCE1719A38CD1" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5365-6693</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="61F6DAA55674D5E33A98BF57BA6525F0">College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. &amp; Turemugo Lab, Guangzhou 510290, Guangdong, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C5E6C41639A58AD8C8311A4FBB4516F" type="email">mugoture@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="DB27FB3C1AC9B7F0AC30782404BB902C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AD2595595D58271786F6D4EEEE474468">Lin, Jia Y.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5F3DC57EF8DC3DF5CB021FCBAA4B29E4" type="ORCID">0009-0000-3488-2169</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0B42E5DB770BCD135D68709EB8A593BD">College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. &amp; Turemugo Lab, Guangzhou 510290, Guangdong, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DEBA5FFAE9184E5094B6A99DFC780DCD" type="email">mycofloscula@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6C04F5CF468BD8490DF8FB7F713E7EA6">Li, Guang-Mei</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C69104F4A7268B4729FB484C9BC8BB1A" type="ORCID">0009-0005-9487-735X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C5F33721F9708BD854F9F97D3F722DB6">Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="05CFAC600F0B08A6A312DF1B2C3FD029" type="email">liguangmei@mail.kib.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="745A47CB8B3FB61C720B14A7CF61AC58">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EE2C8A3E7118FE10B3E55CC898991333">Liu, Zhen-Chao</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6D7BD584CADB25A73D03764EAF8A7601" type="ORCID">0009-0006-0755-6425</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="02117BD2C27C6AB71588F45B07EE16F6">Guangzhou Yuehua Property Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0393AE163451624292C03281E99053E4" type="email">1828732265@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2C476EB689B372EE1E8DB1DF855C3D80">Hosen, Md. Iqbal</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="90A8D808424CFC90254B23C75FB890DA" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2731-6841</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="25E484CEB9E66C681A568BEF9E7B6CBE">Planning and Evaluation Division, Technology Transfer and Monitoring Unit, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4B54414A8A58EC4F08612ECDF4C85468" type="email">iqbalmyco@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7D52CFF92B586F09EB3FA66089404EA3">Yang, Zhu L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7DF98586BD3FE58765320EEDDBBA2FD7" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9745-8453</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6C5017A075433067E338CCA338192FD8">Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FE77338BC2EA71FF1712FDA4C223455E" type="email">fungi@mail.kib.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="296A81F3F88E978A68B1BCCD047892FA">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="90B3D514B3F2144985E03DDC45E7C261">
<mods:date id="AE9C063296282BC330222A46425E58B1">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="94A4D70D32BA78A6FBD36E195B0B5E3A">2024-07-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AE2810F013FD75F5B7502BDD3132DCDC">659</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F7FC1AB9B8092609DC9D54BA736949BD">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FF455614E978CFB053B278B2EFD57FAE">112</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="87495C9308AA649B899CC3F69CD00B95">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.659.2.2</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8B5191CD3E3BAF6DDDB2FBE2CB0C20D0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BFD438278FB5A5088BBB5D7D956CCBA9" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.659.2.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6BA705713E48EC3C6DAF14C527D25996" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5E28A9B8C58BE1BE48FE7E154E6CE3EB" type="Zenodo-Dep">13217850</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9750879FB12DFF8FFAE71D1D7AE86A5F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215543" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215543" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9750879FB12DFF8FFAE71D1D7AE86A5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9750879FB12DFF8FFAE71D1D7AE86A5F" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">
<subSubSection id="57E36502B12DFF8DFAE71D1D7A5E680B" box="[136,1071,770,797]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1F463689B12DFF8DFAE71D1D7A5E680B" blockId="24.[136,1071,770,797]" box="[136,1071,770,797]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">
<heading id="440E81E5B12DFF8DFAE71D1D7A5E680B" box="[136,1071,770,797]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" reason="3">
<treatmentCitation id="9E581098B12DFF8DFAE71D1D7DA5680B" author="Y. Li &amp; F. J. Wang" box="[136,980,770,797]" issue="4" journal="Phytotaxa" page="242" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" score="9.729594737742866" volume="371" year="2018">
<taxonomicName id="D8F94D0AB12DFF8DFAE71D1D7C89680B" ID-CoL="5C4MM" authority="Y. Li &amp; F. J. Wang, Phytotaxa" authorityName="Y. Li &amp; F. J. Wang, Phytotaxa" box="[136,760,770,797]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Xanthagaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ianthinus">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFAE71D1D7FD8680A" bold="true" box="[136,425,770,797]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Xanthagaricus ianthinus</emphasis>
Y. Li &amp; F.J. Wang,
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DF8E91D1D7C89680B" box="[646,760,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Phytotaxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
371(4): 242 (2018)
</treatmentCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="87C22A0CB12DFF8DF98C1D1D7A56680B" box="[995,1063,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[136,229,1887,1909]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,543,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-156@25.[151,1436,530,1860]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Xanthagaricus ianthinus (Photos by Zhen-Chao Liu &amp; Kun L.Yang; drawings by Kun L.Yang &amp; JiaY. Lin, from HTBM1651). a–g. Basidiomata (a. HTBM1651; b. HTBM1970; c–d. HTBM1970; e. HTBM1971; f–g. HTBM1972). h. Cheilocystidia. i. Squamules at pileus center. j. Hymenium and subhymenium. k–l. Basidiospores (k. Line drawing; l. SEM photo of HTBM1651). m. Stipe squamules. Bars: a–b, f–g = 5 mm, c–e = 2 mm, h–i, m = 10 µm, j–k = 5 µm, l = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217868/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="57E36502B12DFF8FFAE71D557AE86A5F" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" type="description">
<paragraph id="1F463689B12DFF8DFAE71D557FA06E03" blockId="24.[136,1452,842,2093]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFAE71D557F496873" bold="true" box="[136,312,842,868]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Description:—</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFB571D557FB76873" box="[312,454,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Basidiomata</emphasis>
tiny.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DF86F1D557C376873" box="[512,582,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Pileus</emphasis>
<quantity id="D8019B6CB12DFF8DF8241D557CCA6872" box="[587,699,842,869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–7 mm</quantity>
in diameter, hemispherical, plano-convex to applanate, occasionally slightly umbonate; background zircon white (#F3F5FD) to conch white (#EFEFF7), becoming lighter towards margin; squamules mostly granular, occasionally woolly, wisteria violet (#C5BBDC), lisianthus violet (#846994) to blackcurrant purple (#422F45), sometimes turning rosewood red (#78545C) when mature, becoming lighter towards margin; margin with appendices zircon white (#F3F5FD) to merino white (#F9F5EC); context ceramic white (#FEFEFA) to merino white (#F9F5EC) when fresh, without a color change or becoming darker after damaged.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFEE21DE17A846F0F" box="[1165,1269,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Lamellae</emphasis>
free, subdistant to nearly crowded, ceramic white (#FEFEFA) to dull silk brown (#C3B3A6), with a slightly serrate edge; lamellulae abundant.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFA941A587F426F76" box="[251,307,1095,1121]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Stipe</emphasis>
<quantity id="D8019B6CB12DFF8DFB561A597FC16F76" box="[313,432,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="12.0">12–24 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="D8019B6CB12DFF8DFB9C1A597C426F76" box="[499,563,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
thick, subcylindrical, tapering downwards, slightly curved; background ceramic white (#FEFEFA), medium gray (#E0DEDD) to reef brown (#CCC2A6); squamules woolly, usually more abundant below the annulus, alabaster white (#F9F9F9) to ceramic white (#FEFEFA); context ceramic white (#FEFEFA) to merino white (#F9F5EC) when fresh, turning rust orange (#D79A65) or becoming darker after damaged; base without or with few tomenta.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFBEC1AC97FAE6FE7" box="[387,479,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Annulus</emphasis>
superior, easily broken and fugacious, concolorous with the squamules on the stipe.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFAE71AE57EB26E03" box="[136,195,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Odor</emphasis>
fungal.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFB4F1AE47F2B6E03" box="[288,346,1275,1300]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Taste</emphasis>
unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F463689B12DFF8DFAD21B017AA26DFF" blockId="24.[136,1452,842,2093]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFAD21B017F2A6E2F" box="[189,347,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Basidiospores</emphasis>
[40/2/2] 4–5 [4.48 ± 0.22, 4.50] × 3–3.5 [3.19 ± 0.24, 3.00] µm,
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFE421B007A306E2E" box="[1069,1089,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Q</emphasis>
= (1.14) 1.29–1.50 [1.41 ± 0.11, 1.50], lacrymoid, phaseoliform, ovoid to ellipsoid in side view, ovoid to ellipsoid in frontal view, slightly thick-walled, smooth under both LM and SEM, tinged milky yellow (#FFF07A) to golden orange (#E4CB4E) in both water and 5% KOH, with a small apiculus, without a germ pore.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DF8D81B957D7C6EB3" box="[695,781,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Basidia</emphasis>
10.5–14 × 5–6.5 μm, clavate, mostly 4-spored, occasionally 2-spored, thin-walled, nearly colorless in both water and 5% KOH, with sterigmata up to 2 µm long, surrounded by basidioles measured 5–11 × 4–5.5 μm.
<taxonomicName id="D8F94D0AB12DFF8DF8541BCD7C906EFB" box="[571,737,1490,1516]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinucidae" genus="Lamella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trama">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DF8541BCD7C906EFB" box="[571,737,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Lamella trama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
regular to subregular, composed of 3.5–11 µm wide, cylindrical to subcylindrical, thin-walled, nearly colorless in water and 5% KOH, compact, moderately to frequently branching hyphae.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFA8518057FFD6D23" box="[234,396,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
very abundant, 13–19 × 6.5–10.5 µm, clavate to broadly clavate, thin-walled, smooth, and nearly colorless in water and 5% KOH.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DF83718217C8B6D4F" box="[600,762,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Pleurocystidia</emphasis>
absent.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DF93418217A516D4F" box="[859,1056,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Pileus squamules</emphasis>
epithelioid, composed of globose, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, slightly thick-walled, and encrusted cells measured 8.5–19 × 8–16 µm, tinged cotton brown (#D2CAAD) in both water and 5% KOH.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DF8A618987DF16DB7" box="[713,896,1670,1697]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Stipe squamules</emphasis>
intricate trichoid, composed of 2.5–6 µm wide, interwoven, flexuous, thin- to slightly thick-walled and encrusted, moderately to frequently branching hyphae, tinged cardamon yellow (#E0E091) in both water and 5% KOH.
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DF97B18D17D9A6DFF" box="[788,1003,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Clamp connections</emphasis>
absent in all tissues.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F463689B12DFF8DFAD218ED7D726C27" blockId="24.[136,1452,842,2093]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFAD218ED7C7A6C1B" bold="true" box="[189,523,1778,1804]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Habitat and distribution:—</emphasis>
Solitary, scattered on soil as individuals, in southern subtropical monsoon forests. Currently known from
<collectingCountry id="67EE7619B12DFF8DFBE419097FBF6C27" box="[395,462,1814,1840]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">China</collectingCountry>
(Central and South
<collectingCountry id="67EE7619B12DFF8DF8C019097C866C27" box="[687,759,1814,1840]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">China</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F463689B12DFF8CFAD219257C446BCB" blockId="24.[136,1452,842,2093]" lastBlockId="25.[136,1452,158,473]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DFAD219257F956C43" bold="true" box="[189,484,1850,1876]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Collections examined:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="AF913CD4B12DFF8DFB8B19257AD66C8B" collectingDate="2023-06-23" collectionCode="HTBM, PP" collectorName="Zhen-Chao Liu &amp; Kun L. Yang &amp; Jia Y. Lin, S" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" elevation="150" latitude="23.191944" location="Jiangdong Village" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="113.54667" municipality="Huangpu District" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" specimenCode="HTBM1974, PP746837" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong">
<collectingCountry id="67EE7619B12DFF8DFB8B19257C5B6C43" box="[484,554,1850,1876]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="DD3DF86BB12DFF8DF85819257D5B6C43" box="[567,810,1850,1876]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="F6274E05B12DFF8DF95719257D856C43" box="[824,1012,1850,1876]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Guangzhou City</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="FF22ACF3B12DFF8DFE6D19247AB86C43" box="[1026,1225,1850,1877]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Huangpu District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="1A266052B12DFF8DFEB819257BD96C43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9750879FB12DFF8FFAE71D1D7AE86A5F:1A266052B12DFF8DFEB819257BD96C43" box="[1239,1448,1850,1876]" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" latitude="23.191944" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="113.54667" municipality="Huangpu District" name="Jiangdong Village" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" stateProvince="Guangdong">Jiangdong Village</location>
,
<location id="1A266052B12DFF8DFAE719417F466C6F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9750879FB12DFF8FFAE71D1D7AE86A5F:1A266052B12DFF8DFAE719417F466C6F" box="[136,311,1886,1912]" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" latitude="23.191944" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="113.54667" municipality="Huangpu District" name="Boluoshan Hill" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" stateProvince="Guangdong">Boluoshan Hill</location>
, on soil,
<geoCoordinate id="7ACD504EB12DFF8DFBCC19417C5C6C6F" box="[419,557,1886,1912]" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" precision="15" seconds="31" value="23.191944">23°11’31”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7ACD504EB12DFF8DF85419417CA06C6F" box="[571,721,1886,1912]" degrees="113" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" precision="15" seconds="48" value="113.54667">113°32’48”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="94D4D1BAB12DFF8DF8B019417DEB6C6E" box="[735,922,1886,1913]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" unit="m" value="150.0">
elevation
<quantity id="D8019B6CB12DFF8DF92019417DEB6C6E" box="[847,922,1886,1913]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<date id="6B471049B12DFF8DF9C719407A3D6C6F" box="[936,1100,1886,1913]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" value="2023-06-23">
<collectingDate id="7B03E9A1B12DFF8DF9C719407A3D6C6F" box="[936,1100,1886,1913]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" value="2023-06-23">June 23, 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DFE3619417B7A6C6F" box="[1113,1291,1886,1912]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Zhen-Chao Liu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DFF7719407BDD6C6E" box="[1304,1452,1887,1913]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Kun L. Yang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DFACA199D7F5C6C8A" box="[165,301,1922,1949]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Jia Y. Lin, S</collectorName>
23185B (
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12DFF8DFBF8199D7C506C8B" box="[407,545,1922,1948]" collectionCode="HTBM" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">HTBM1974</specimenCode>
(ITS: PP736696; nrLSU: PP732926;
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12DFF8DF9A3199D7A7F6C8B" box="[972,1038,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">tef-1α</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12DFF8DFE72199D7AE46C8B" box="[1053,1173,1922,1948]" collectionCode="PP" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">PP746837</specimenCode>
))
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="AF913CD4B12DFF8DFEDD199C7BD96CD7" collectingDate="2023-08-27" collectionCode="HTBM, PP" collectorName="Zhen-Chao Liu &amp; Kun L. Yang &amp; Jia &amp; Lin" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" elevation="150" latitude="23.191944" location="Jiangdong Village" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="113.54667" municipality="Huangpu District" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" specimenCode="HTBM1651, PP732973" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong">
same location,
<date id="6B471049B12DFF8DFF35199D7E816CD7" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" value="2023-08-27">
<collectingDate id="7B03E9A1B12DFF8DFF35199D7E816CD7" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" value="2023-08-27">August 27, 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DFA9219B97FDE6CD7" box="[253,431,1958,1984]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Zhen-Chao Liu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DFBD219B87C236CD6" box="[445,594,1959,1985]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Kun L. Yang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DF81419B97CEB6CD7" box="[635,666,1958,1984]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Jia</collectorName>
Y.
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DF8AB19B97C9F6CD7" box="[708,750,1958,1984]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Lin</collectorName>
, S23540 (
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12DFF8DF90D19B97D9C6CD6" box="[866,1005,1958,1985]" collectionCode="HTBM" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">HTBM1651</specimenCode>
(ITS: PP736743; nrLSU:
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12DFF8DFF7119B97BE76CD7" box="[1310,1430,1958,1984]" collectionCode="PP" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">PP732973</specimenCode>
))
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="AF913CD4B12DFF8DFAE719D47F63633B" collectingDate="2023-08-28" collectionCode="HKAS, HTBM, PP" collectorName="Zhen-Chao Liu &amp; Kun L. Yang &amp; Jia &amp; Lin" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" elevation="150" latitude="23.191944" location="Jiangdong Village" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="113.54667" municipality="Huangpu District" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" specimenCode="HKAS133452, HTBM1677, PP732976, PP732977" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong">
same location,
<date id="6B471049B12DFF8DFB5D19D57F826CF3" box="[306,499,1994,2020]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" value="2023-08-28">
<collectingDate id="7B03E9A1B12DFF8DFB5D19D57F826CF3" box="[306,499,1994,2020]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" value="2023-08-28">August 28, 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DFB9019D57CC16CF3" box="[511,688,1994,2020]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Zhen-Chao Liu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DF8D319D47D3E6CF2" box="[700,847,1995,2021]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Kun L. Yang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DF91919D57DE46CF3" box="[886,917,1994,2020]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Jia</collectorName>
Y.
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DF9D319D57D976CF3" box="[956,998,1994,2020]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Lin</collectorName>
, S23566 (
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12DFF8DFE3619D57A8C6CF2" box="[1113,1277,1994,2021]" collectionCode="HKAS" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/di2a-40jb" name="Cryptogamic Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">HKAS133452</specimenCode>
, partly isolated as
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12DFF8DFAC419F17F45631F" box="[171,308,2030,2056]" collectionCode="HTBM" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">HTBM1677</specimenCode>
(ITS: PP736746; nrLSU:
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12DFF8DF80319F17C90631F" box="[620,737,2030,2056]" collectionCode="PP" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">PP732976</specimenCode>
)) &amp; S23566B (completely used up (ITS: PP736747; nrLSU:
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12DFF8DFAE7160D7F71633B" box="[136,256,2066,2092]" collectionCode="PP" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">PP732977</specimenCode>
))
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="AF913CD4B12DFF8CFB71160C7C416BCB" collectingDate="2024-04-12" collectionCode="HTBM, PP" collectorName="Zhen-Chao Liu &amp; Kun L. Yang &amp; Jia &amp; Lin" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" elevation="150" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="137" latitude="23.191944" location="Jiangdong Village" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="113.54667" municipality="Huangpu District" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" specimenCode="HTBM1970, PP732922, HTBM1971, PP732923, HTBM1972, PP732924" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong">
same location,
<date id="6B471049B12DFF8DFBA6160D7C05633B" box="[457,628,2066,2092]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" value="2024-04-12">
<collectingDate id="7B03E9A1B12DFF8DFBA6160D7C05633B" box="[457,628,2066,2092]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136" value="2024-04-12">April 12, 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DF8EE160D7D43633B" box="[641,818,2066,2092]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Zhen-Chao Liu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DF951160C7DA0633A" box="[830,977,2067,2093]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Kun L. Yang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DF996160D7A69633B" box="[1017,1048,2066,2092]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Jia</collectorName>
Y.
<collectorName id="B20C535FB12DFF8DFE2F160D7A1B633B" box="[1088,1130,2066,2092]" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">Lin</collectorName>
, S24005 (
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12DFF8DFEB2160D7B16633B" box="[1245,1383,2066,2092]" collectionCode="HTBM" pageId="24" pageNumber="136">HTBM1970</specimenCode>
(ITS: PP736692; nrLSU:
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12CFF8CFB091E817FAC6BAF" box="[358,477,158,184]" collectionCode="PP" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">PP732922</specimenCode>
)), S24006 (
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12CFF8CF8301E817C9B6BAF" box="[607,746,158,184]" collectionCode="HTBM" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">HTBM1971</specimenCode>
(ITS: PP736693; nrLSU:
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12CFF8CFE7D1E817AF66BAF" box="[1042,1159,158,184]" collectionCode="PP" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">PP732923</specimenCode>
)) &amp; S24007 (
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12CFF8CFF4E1E817BDA6BAF" box="[1313,1451,158,184]" collectionCode="HTBM" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">HTBM1972</specimenCode>
(ITS: PP736694; nrLSU:
<specimenCode id="4F5F9EF2B12CFF8CFBC81EDD7C6E6BCB" box="[423,543,194,220]" collectionCode="PP" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">PP732924</specimenCode>
))
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F463689B12CFF8CFAD21EF97F646ACE" blockId="25.[136,1452,158,473]" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12CFF8CFAD21EF97FE16A17" bold="true" box="[189,400,230,256]" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">Additional notes:</emphasis>
The morphology of our collections fits the protologue of
<taxonomicName id="D8F94D0AB12CFF8CFE2B1EF87ABE6A17" box="[1092,1231,230,256]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Xanthagaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="25" pageNumber="137" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ianthinus">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12CFF8CFE2B1EF87ABE6A17" box="[1092,1231,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">X. ianthinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
well. However, in the current phylogeny (
<figureCitation id="87C22A0CB12CFF8CFBF51F157F936A33" box="[410,482,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,191,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-30@11.[207,1381,190,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phylogeny of Xanthagaricus, a part of the phylogeny of Agaricaceae s. l. inferred from the concatenated ITS-nrLSU-rpb2- tef-1α dataset in Fig. 1 (see also Supplement 3). Nodes are annotated if supported by ≥50% MLB or ≥0.9 BPP. Branches shortened to fit the page are indicated by two diagonal lines with the number of times that they are shortened. Collections sequenced in this study are highlighted in purple. Holotype collections are indicated by HT. The results of species delimitation generated from the ABGD, ASAP, and PTP programs, the accepted species delimitation, the type of basidiospore ornamentation, and the color of pileus squamules are shown on the right of the phylogenetic tree. New species proposed in this study are each annotated with a dot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217854/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), our six collections formed a clade with relatively distinct genetic distance to the clade formed by the
<typeStatus id="C042882BB12CFF8CFB1D1F317FA56A5F" box="[370,468,302,328]" pageId="25" pageNumber="137" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="C042882BB12CFF8CF8631F307C1D6A5E" box="[524,620,303,329]" pageId="25" pageNumber="137" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="D8F94D0AB12CFF8CF8FC1F307D6A6A5F" box="[659,795,302,328]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Xanthagaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="25" pageNumber="137" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ianthinus">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12CFF8CF8FC1F307D6A6A5F" box="[659,795,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">X. ianthinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; each clade with significant support. The ABGD program suggested the clade of our collections to represent a separate cryptic species, but the ASAP and PTP programs did not support this delimitation. Considering that these programs did not result in a consistent delimitation and that significant differences between our description and the protologue were not found, we treated our collections as
<taxonomicName id="D8F94D0AB12CFF8CFE931F847BF26AA3" box="[1276,1411,410,436]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Xanthagaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="25" pageNumber="137" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ianthinus">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12CFF8CFE931F847BF26AA3" box="[1276,1411,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">X. ianthinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the moment.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4B866601B12CFF8CFAE719407D2D6CF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217868" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217868/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="137" startId="25.[136,229,1887,1909]" targetBox="[164,1423,543,1847]" targetPageId="25" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="1F463689B12CFF8CFAE719407D2D6CF6" blockId="25.[136,1453,1887,2017]" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12CFF8CFAE719407E8D6C63" bold="true" box="[136,252,1887,1909]" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D8F94D0AB12CFF8CFB6F19407F9A6C63" box="[256,491,1887,1908]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Xanthagaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="25" pageNumber="137" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ianthinus">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12CFF8CFB6F19407F9A6C63" box="[256,491,1887,1908]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="137">Xanthagaricus ianthinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Photos by Zhen-Chao Liu &amp; Kun L.Yang; drawings by Kun L. Yang &amp; Jia Y. Lin, from HTBM1651). a–g. Basidiomata (a. HTBM1651; b. HTBM1970; c–d. HTBM1970; e. HTBM1971; f–g. HTBM1972). h. Cheilocystidia. i. Squamules at pileus center. j. Hymenium and subhymenium. k–l. Basidiospores (k. Line drawing; l. SEM photo of HTBM1651). m. Stipe squamules. Bars: a–b, f–g = 5 mm, c–e = 2 mm, h–i, m = 10 µm, j–k = 5 µm, l = 2 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1F463689B12FFF8FFAD21E817AE86A5F" blockId="26.[136,1452,158,329]" pageId="26" pageNumber="138">
This species is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="D8F94D0AB12FFF8FF8491E807D776BAF" box="[550,774,158,184]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Xanthagaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="26" pageNumber="138" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="chamaeleontinus">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12FFF8FF8491E807D776BAF" box="[550,774,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="138">X. chamaeleontinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For a comparison between them, see the Diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="D8F94D0AB12FFF8FFFFC1E807F376BCB" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Xanthagaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="26" pageNumber="138" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="chamaeleontinus">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12FFF8FFFFC1E807F376BCB" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="138">X. chamaeleontinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
above. Also similar to the case in
<taxonomicName id="D8F94D0AB12FFF8FF8B61EDC7DC96BCB" box="[729,952,194,220]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Xanthagaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="26" pageNumber="138" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="chamaeleontinus">
<emphasis id="2D8DEA9BB12FFF8FF8B61EDC7DC96BCB" box="[729,952,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="138">X. chamaeleontinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the basidiospore shape of this species was variable under LM and did not change even after being soaked in 5% KOH for an hour. The observation under SEM showed that it’s caused by the drying of the collections; thus, the basidiospore measurements not totally from fresh collections are inappropriate for characterizing this species, including those measured above.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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