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<mods:title id="B91EF94171E8EBAB527A4B1EEF8DEE44">Revision of Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae) from the Americas south of the United States</mods:title>
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<treatment id="967487E2FFD7FFD9FF4D991AFE00FB5B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6059445" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120731670" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6059445" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967487E2FFD7FFD9FF4D991AFE00FB5B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/967487E2FFD7FFD9FF4D991AFE00FB5B" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<heading id="452A8198FFD7FFD4FF4D991AFF25F8F1" bold="true" box="[151,565,1810,1836]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" reason="1">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD7FFD4FF4D991AFF25F8F1" bold="true" box="[151,565,1810,1836]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
23.
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD7FFD4FF19991AFF25F8F1" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" box="[195,565,1810,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neoephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zurcheri">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD7FFD4FF19991AFCD1F8F1" bold="true" box="[195,449,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Neoephydra zurcheri</emphasis>
(Hendel)
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="56C7657FFFD7FFD4FF4D993CFC8BF890" box="[151,411,1844,1869]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="description">
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD7FFD4FF4D993CFC8BF890" blockId="71.[151,565,1810,1869]" box="[151,411,1844,1869]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<figureCitation id="86E62A71FFD7FFD4FF4D993CFC2AF890" box="[151,314,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 100 103" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1691,1714]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,895,1659]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[184,1402,889,1670]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 100 103. Structures of male terminalia of Neoephydra zurcheri (Hendel). (100) epandrium, cerci, surstyli, posterior view; (101) same, lateral view; (102) surstylus, lateral view; (103) internal male terminalia (fused hypandrium gonite, aedeagus), ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257352/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Figs. 100103</figureCitation>
, Map 23
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56C7657FFFD7FFDBFF4D9976FE30FEF5" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD7FFD4FF4D9976F92CF86F" blockId="71.[151,1436,1917,2031]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3ECD11DAFFD7FFD4FF4D9976F92CF86F" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD7FFD4FF4D9976FF3EF84E" ID-CoL="6CTXX" authority="Hendel 1933: 233" authorityName="Hendel" authorityPageNumber="233" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,558,1917,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zurcheri">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD7FFD4FF4D9976FC7DF84E" box="[151,365,1917,1939]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Dimecoenia zurcheri</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFD4FEAF9975FF3EF84E" author="Hendel" box="[373,558,1917,1939]" page="233" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFD4FEAF9975FCEDF84E" author="Hendel" box="[373,509,1917,1939]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Hendel, F. (1933) Von Dr. Zurcher in den Jahren 1913 - 1918 in Paraguay gesammelte acalyptrate Dipteren. Revista de Entomologia, 3 (2), 213 - 224." type="journal article" year="1933">Hendel 1933</bibRefCitation>
: 233
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFD4FD969975FE0DF84E" author="Oliveira" box="[588,797,1917,1939]" page="188" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1954">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFD4FD969975FFFBF84E" author="Oliveira" box="[588,747,1917,1939]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Oliveira, S. J. de (1954 a) Contribuicao para o conhecimento do genero &quot; Dimecoenia &quot; Cresson, 1916. I. &quot; Dimecoenia lenti &quot; sp. nov. encontrada no Chile (Diptera, Ephydridae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 14 (2), 187 - 194." type="journal article" year="1954" yearSuffix="a">Oliveira 1954a</bibRefCitation>
: 188
</treatmentCitation>
[list].—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFD4FCB59975F902F84E" author="Wirth" box="[879,1042,1917,1939]" page="23" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFD4FCB59975FEFDF84E" author="Wirth" box="[879,1005,1917,1939]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1968) 77. Family Ephydridae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1968">Wirth 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 23
</treatmentCitation>
[Neotropical catalog].—Lizarralde de
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFD4FF1D9994FC7EF86F" author="Grosso" box="[199,366,1948,1970]" page="58" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFD4FF1D9994FC5BF86F" author="Grosso" box="[199,331,1948,1970]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Lizarralde de Grosso, M. S. (1989) Ephydridae de la Republica de Argentina (Insecta - Diptera). Serie Monografica y Didactica No. 3. Faculdad de Ciencias Naturales y Instituto Miguel Lillo Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, San Miguel de Tucuman, 93 pp." type="book" year="1989">Grosso 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 58
</treatmentCitation>
[list,
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD7FFD4FE739994FF01F86F" box="[425,529,1948,1970]" name="Argentina" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Argentina</collectingCountry>
].—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFD4FDEE9994FE83F86F" author="Mathis" box="[564,915,1948,1970]" page="240" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFD4FDEE9994FE73F86F" author="Mathis" box="[564,867,1948,1970]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 4, i - vi + 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 240
</treatmentCitation>
[world catalog].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD7FFD4FF4D99B2FE30F80D" blockId="71.[151,1436,1917,2031]" box="[151,800,1978,2000]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3ECD11DAFFD7FFD4FF4D99B2FE30F80D" box="[151,800,1978,2000]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD7FFD4FF4D99B2FC7CF80D" box="[151,364,1978,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neoephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zurcheri">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD7FFD4FF4D99B2FC7CF80D" box="[151,364,1978,2000]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Neoephydra zurcheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFD4FE5099B2FF22F80D" author="Mathis" box="[394,562,1978,2000]" page="10" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFD4FE5099B2FF1FF80D" author="Mathis" box="[394,527,1978,2000]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Mathis, W. N. (2008) Two new neotropical genera of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae). Zootaxa, 1874, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="2008">Mathis 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 10
</treatmentCitation>
[generic combination].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD7FFDBFF4D99D2FFE3FF70" blockId="71.[151,1436,1917,2031]" lastBlockId="72.[151,1436,152,296]" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3ECD11DAFFD7FFDBFF4D99D2FFE3FF70" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD7FFD4FF4D99D2FF56F832" ID-CoL="6D69T" authority="Cresson 1935: 353" authorityName="Cresson" authorityPageNumber="353" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,582,2009,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coltaensis">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD7FFD4FF4D99D2FC6EF832" box="[151,382,2009,2031]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Dimecoenia coltaensis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFD4FE5C99D1FF56F832" author="Cresson" box="[390,582,2009,2031]" page="353" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1935">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFD4FE5C99D1FF06F832" author="Cresson" box="[390,534,2009,2031]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Cresson, E. T. Jr. (1935) Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 61, 345 - 372." type="journal article" year="1935">Cresson 1935</bibRefCitation>
: 353
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFD4FDBE99D1FE24F832" author="Oliveira" box="[612,820,2009,2031]" page="188" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1954">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFD4FDBE99D1FE13F832" author="Oliveira" box="[612,771,2009,2031]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Oliveira, S. J. de (1954 a) Contribuicao para o conhecimento do genero &quot; Dimecoenia &quot; Cresson, 1916. I. &quot; Dimecoenia lenti &quot; sp. nov. encontrada no Chile (Diptera, Ephydridae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 14 (2), 187 - 194." type="journal article" year="1954" yearSuffix="a">Oliveira 1954a</bibRefCitation>
: 188
</treatmentCitation>
[list].—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFD4FC5C99D1F938F832" author="Wirth" box="[902,1064,2009,2031]" page="23" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFD4FC5C99D1F913F832" author="Wirth" box="[902,1027,2009,2031]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1968) 77. Family Ephydridae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1968">Wirth 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 23
</treatmentCitation>
[Neotropical catalog].—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD7FFDBFAFD99D1FCBDFF73" author="Mathis" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" page="239" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD7FFDBFAFD99D1FC6DFF73" author="Mathis" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 4, i - vi + 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 239
</treatmentCitation>
[world catalog].
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFD869E90FFE3FF70" bold="true" box="[604,755,152,173]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">New synonym</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD8FFDBFF4D9EBEFE22FF11" blockId="72.[151,1436,152,296]" box="[151,818,182,204]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3ECD11DAFFD8FFDBFF4D9EBEFE22FF11" box="[151,818,182,204]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD8FFDBFF4D9EBEFC6EFF11" box="[151,382,182,204]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neoephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coltaensis">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFF4D9EBEFC6EFF11" box="[151,382,182,204]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Neoephydra coltaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD8FFDBFE469EBEFF53FF11" author="Mathis" box="[412,579,182,204]" page="10" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD8FFDBFE469EBEFF31FF11" author="Mathis" box="[412,545,182,204]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refString="Mathis, W. N. (2008) Two new neotropical genera of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae). Zootaxa, 1874, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="2008">Mathis 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 10
</treatmentCitation>
[generic combination].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD8FFDBFF4D9EDEFCACFED4" blockId="72.[151,1436,152,296]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3ECD11DAFFD8FFDBFF4D9EDEFCACFED4" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD8FFDBFF4D9EDEFF23FF36" ID-CoL="6CTY5" authority="Oliveira 1957: 305" authorityName="Oliveira" authorityPageNumber="305" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,563,213,235]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carrerai">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFF4D9EDEFC7CFF36" box="[151,364,214,235]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Dimecoenia carrerai</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD8FFDBFEA99EDDFF23FF36" author="Oliveira" box="[371,563,213,235]" page="305" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1957">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD8FFDBFEA99EDDFF13FF36" author="Oliveira" box="[371,515,213,235]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refString="Oliveira, S. J. de (1957) Contribuicao para o conhecimento do genero &quot; Dimecoenia &quot; Cresson, (1916. III. Sobre uma especie nova do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil (Diptera, Ephydridae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 17 (3), 305 - 308." type="journal article" year="1957">Oliveira 1957</bibRefCitation>
: 305
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD8FFDBFD8B9EDDFFFFFF36" author="Wirth" box="[593,751,213,235]" page="23" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD8FFDBFD8B9EDDFFDBFF36" author="Wirth" box="[593,715,213,235]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1968) 77. Family Ephydridae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1968">Wirth 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 23
</treatmentCitation>
[Neotropical catalog].—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD8FFDBFC379EDDF841FF36" author="Mathis" box="[1005,1361,213,235]" page="239" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD8FFDBFC379EDDF830FF36" author="Mathis" box="[1005,1312,213,235]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refString="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 4, i - vi + 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 239
</treatmentCitation>
[world catalog].
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFEFF9EFCFCACFED4" bold="true" box="[293,444,244,265]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">New synonym</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD8FFDBFF4D9F1AFE30FEF5" blockId="72.[151,1436,152,296]" box="[151,800,274,296]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3ECD11DAFFD8FFDBFF4D9F1AFE30FEF5" box="[151,800,274,296]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD8FFDBFF4D9F1AFC7CFEF5" box="[151,364,274,296]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neoephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carrerai">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFF4D9F1AFC7CFEF5" box="[151,364,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Neoephydra carrerai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="9F7C10E5FFD8FFDBFE509F1AFF22FEF5" author="Mathis" box="[394,562,274,296]" page="10" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD8FFDBFE509F1AFF1FFEF5" author="Mathis" box="[394,527,274,296]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refString="Mathis, W. N. (2008) Two new neotropical genera of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae). Zootaxa, 1874, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="2008">Mathis 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 10
</treatmentCitation>
[generic combination].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56C7657FFFD8FFDAFF4D9F5DFE48FDCA" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD8FFDBFF4D9F5DF9ABFE07" blockId="72.[151,1436,341,837]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFF4D9F5DFC01FEB3" bold="true" box="[151,273,341,366]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD8FFDBFE1E9F5EFF55FEB3" box="[452,581,341,366]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neoephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zurcheri">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFE1E9F5EFF55FEB3" box="[452,581,341,366]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">N. zurcheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are distinguished from similar congeners of the
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD8FFDBFB509F5EF9EAFEB0" box="[1162,1274,342,365]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neoephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araucaria">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFB509F5EF9EAFEB0" box="[1162,1274,342,365]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">araucaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group by the following characters: appearance generally dark, particularly the legs; face moderately setose; gena moderately high to high; and structures of male terminalia with distinctive conformation. Moderately large shore flies, body length
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD8FFDBFF3E9FC9FC9AFE04" box="[228,394,449,474]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.449999999999999" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="4.449999999999999" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.3">4.304.60 mm</quantity>
; generally dull, grayish blue brown to gray, somewhat subshiny dorsally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD8FFDBFF1D9FEDFED7FC98" blockId="72.[151,1436,341,837]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFF1D9FEDFC1DFE23" box="[199,269,485,510]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Head:</emphasis>
Head ratio 0.660.70; frontal ratio 0.420.47; mesofrons with dark, blackish blue, metallic luster, pilose laterally; ocellar triangle and parafrons nearly concolorous, microtomentose, brownish gray to charcoal gray; parafrons becoming more charcoal colored anteriorly; fronto-orbits with narrow strip through insertions of frontoorbital setae subshiny, with slight metallic luster, concolorous with mesofrons; number of fronto-orbital setae usually 2, sometimes with a 3rd pair of large setae posterior to other setae. Antenna mostly concolorous, dark, blackish brown. Facial ratio 1.001.05; mostly moderately to densely setulose, particularly along oral margin and toward posteroventral portions of face; dorsum of interfoveal hump with subshiny area more or less concolorous with mesofrons, otherwise face densely microtomentose, grayish yellow to grayish brown, slightly brownish dorsally, becoming gradually paler ventrally. Eye ratio 0.910.96; gena-to-eye ratio 0.500.53; gena high, coloration gray to whitish gray, but with faint tinges of olivaceous green.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4AA2667CFFD8FFDBFF4D9893FC9CF932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257352/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" targetBox="[190,1397,895,1659]" targetPageId="72">
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD8FFDBFF4D9893FC9CF932" blockId="72.[151,1436,1691,1775]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFF4D9893FC7DF96D" bold="true" box="[151,365,1691,1714]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">FIGURES 100103.</emphasis>
Structures of male terminalia of
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD8FFDBFD6D9893FEE0F96C" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" box="[695,1008,1691,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neoephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zurcheri">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFD6D9893FE9CF96C" box="[695,908,1691,1713]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Neoephydra zurcheri</emphasis>
(Hendel)
</taxonomicName>
. (100) epandrium, cerci, surstyli, posterior view; (101) same, lateral view; (102) surstylus, lateral view; (103) internal male terminalia (fused hypandrium gonite, aedeagus), ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD8FFDAFF1D991EFDCDFF08" blockId="72.[151,1437,1814,2019]" lastBlockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD8FFDBFF1D991EFC31F8F2" box="[199,289,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Thorax:</emphasis>
Mostly microtomentose; scutum mostly brown, darker, subshiny to shiny posteriorly, anterior margin microtomentose, gray to bluish gray, subshiny luster, lateral margins of scutum microtomentose, grayish brown; pleural areas paler, more gray colored ventrally; anepisternum with central area and dorsal margin brownish; otherwise mostly gray; other pleural areas including coxae whitish gray, mostly concolorous. Wing length averaging
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD8FFDBFED799AFFCA4F863" box="[269,436,1959,1983]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.36" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="4.32" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="4.36" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="4.32">4.324.40 mm</quantity>
; mostly infuscate, brown; costal vein ratio 0.270.29; M vein ratio 0.760.78. Legs dark generally; femora dark bluish gray to gray, microtomentose, only slightly darker than ventral pleural areas; tibiae and tarsi darker than femora, more blackish, tarsi also dark, reddish yellow to blackish, nearly concolorous with tibiae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D9ED7FE48FDCA" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFF1D9ED7FC2AFF25" box="[199,314,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Generally microtomentose and unicolorous, grayish olivaceous green to gray, becoming paler toward lateral margins, some specimens with faint bluish tinges of metallic luster; ventral surface of tergites frequently whitish gray. Tergite 5 of male somewhat trapezoidal, truncate apically.
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFB809F2FF984FE9D" box="[1114,1172,295,320]" name="Malta" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Male</collectingCountry>
terminalia (
<figureCitation id="86E62A71FFD9FFDAFAF89F2FFDD5FEB9" captionStart="FIGURES 100 103" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1691,1714]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,895,1659]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[184,1402,889,1670]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 100 103. Structures of male terminalia of Neoephydra zurcheri (Hendel). (100) epandrium, cerci, surstyli, posterior view; (101) same, lateral view; (102) surstylus, lateral view; (103) internal male terminalia (fused hypandrium gonite, aedeagus), ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257352/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Figs. 100 103</figureCitation>
): margins of epandrium in posterior view shallowly pedunculate, slightly emarginate at ventral margin of cerci, rounded dorsally; surstyli in posterior view roughly forming isosceles triangle although posterior processes forming ventral angle narrowly separated, apices tapered to point; surstylus in lateral view with posterior process long, anterior margin irregular, posterior margin nearly straight, apex abruptly curved anteriorly at nearly a right angle, bluntly rounded apically, lateral process or prong short, about 1/3 length of posterior process, tapered, rounded apically, with several moderately long setulae at apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56C7657FFFD9FFDAFF1D9C2CFF87F8D9" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D9C2CFEA3FC80" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFF1D9C2CFC68FDE0" bold="true" box="[199,376,548,573]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFF1D9C2CFC12FDE0" box="[199,258,548,573]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFE639C2CFF0FFDE0" box="[441,543,548,573]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
male of
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD9FFDAFD569C2DFEC8FDE0" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" box="[652,984,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zurcheri">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFD569C2DFE6AFDE0" box="[652,890,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Dimecoenia zurcheri</emphasis>
Hendel
</taxonomicName>
, here designated to stabilize and make more universal the use of this name, is labeled “
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFD689C40FE0DFDBD" box="[690,797,584,608]" name="Paraguay" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
Sa[nta].
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFC599C4FFEF3FDBD" box="[899,995,583,608]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFC309C40F954FDBD" box="[1002,1092,584,608]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1914-10">X. 1914</date>
[
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFB889C40F9AFFDBD" box="[1106,1215,584,608]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1914-10">Oct 1914</date>
]/124 [red on white, handwritten]/Hendel det./
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFE6C9C64FCECFD58" box="[438,508,620,645]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Typus</typeStatus>
[red]/
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD9FFDAFDE59C64FE98FD58" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" box="[575,904,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zurcheri">Dimecoenia zurcheri Hendel</taxonomicName>
/
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFC4A9C64F920FD58" box="[912,1072,620,645]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD9FFDAFBE39C64F88CFD59" authority="Hendel D" authorityName="Hendel D" box="[1081,1436,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zurcheri">Dimecoenia zurcheri Hendel Ƌ</taxonomicName>
[red, handwritten].” Two male and three female
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFD699C87FE45FD75" box="[691,853,655,680]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
(here designated) are labeled with the same locality and date data as the
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFE589CBCFCFDFD10" box="[386,493,692,717]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. The
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFDF69CBCFF83FD10" box="[556,659,692,717]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
male and three
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFC979CBCFEFFFD10" box="[845,1007,692,717]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFBDB9CBCF936FD11" box="[1025,1062,692,716]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
, 2♀) are deposited in the
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFA8B9CBDF893FD11" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" box="[1361,1411,693,716]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" name="Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">DEI</collectionCode>
; a male and female
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFE839CDFFCE0FD2D" box="[345,496,727,752]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
are in the
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFDB39CD0FFA2FD32" box="[617,690,728,751]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">NMW</collectionCode>
. Hendel's original description does not state how many specimens were in the
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFEC09CF5FC61FCC8" box="[282,369,765,789]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
series. We have examined the six specimens listed above, each of which was reared. Four have their puparium pinned below the adult, and all of the adults are teneral. The abdomen of one of the
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFB209D17F88CFCE5" box="[1274,1436,799,824]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
was removed and dissected; the structures are in an attached microvial.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D9D6FF9E7FBE8" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
The
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFEDB9D6FFC73FC5D" box="[257,355,871,896]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male of
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD9FFDAFE019D61FFF1FC5D" box="[475,737,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coltaensis">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFE019D61FFF1FC5D" box="[475,737,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Dimecoenia coltaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is labeled “Colta Ecua[dor. Chimborazo: Colta (
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFAEC9D6FF888FC5D" box="[1334,1432,871,896]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="92" value="-1.7266667">1°43.6'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFF4D9D84FDEDFC78" box="[151,253,908,933]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-78.76667">78°46'W</geoCoordinate>
)]
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD9FFDAFEC99D84FC75FC78" box="[275,357,908,933]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.99744" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="ft" value="3280.0">3280 ft</quantity>
./F Campos Collector/Ƌ/
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFDAC9D84FFA0FC78" box="[630,688,908,933]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Type</typeStatus>
No. 51100
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFCE99D84FE73FC79" box="[819,867,908,932]" name="United States of America" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">U.S.</collectingCountry>
N.M. [red]/
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFC389D84F93BFC78" box="[994,1067,908,933]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFC389D84F93BFC78" box="[994,1067,908,933]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">TYPE</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
No.
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD9FFDAFBB99D84FC09FC1A" authority="E. T. Cresson, Jr" authorityName="E. T. Cresson, Jr" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coltaensis">Dimecoenia coltaensis E. T. Cresson, Jr</taxonomicName>
, [red].” The
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFE699DA7FF08FC15" box="[435,536,943,968]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, allotype, and one female
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFC8A9DB8FEA0FC15" box="[848,944,944,968]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
are deposited in the
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFB719DB8F9ECFC15" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1195,1276,944,968]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">USNM</collectionCode>
(51100). The
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFF4D9DDCFDE9FC30" box="[151,249,980,1005]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is directly pinned and appears to have a pale coating of precipitate, which probably resulted from being collected or stored in alcohol before being mounted on the pin. Cresson's original description also lists two male and three female paratopotypes. Cresson labeled one of the latter females with a pink allotype label.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D9A37FC3FFAD1" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
The presumed
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFEA89A37FCC4FB85" box="[370,468,1087,1112]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male of
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD9FFDAFDE79A49FE3AFB85" box="[573,810,1089,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carrerai">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFDE79A49FE3AFB85" box="[573,810,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Dimecoenia carrerai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is labeled “
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFC6E9A48FEFEFB85" box="[948,1006,1088,1112]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2pta-s8y1" name="Sammlung Oberli" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">SAO</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFC2D9A48F945FB85" box="[1015,1109,1088,1112]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">PAULO</collectionCode>
, (de) Guaruja, M. Carrera I- 942/60.294.” We are assuming that the specimen indicated here is the
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFC399A6CF955FBA0" box="[995,1093,1124,1149]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
despite a discrepancy in the collection number.
<bibRefCitation id="7A4C4B05FFD9FFDAFEB79A8FFF0AFB7D" author="Oliveira" box="[365,538,1159,1184]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refString="Oliveira, S. J. de (1957) Contribuicao para o conhecimento do genero &quot; Dimecoenia &quot; Cresson, (1916. III. Sobre uma especie nova do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil (Diptera, Ephydridae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 17 (3), 305 - 308." type="journal article" year="1957">Oliveira (1957)</bibRefCitation>
cited the collection number to be “60 293” and the female to be “60 295.” Either the original citation is in error or the specimen sent for study is not the
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFC1C9AA4F93CFB18" box="[966,1068,1196,1221]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. We have inquired regarding the latter possibility and have been assured that the specimen sent to us is the only one in their collection. The
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFAE09AC7F88CFB35" box="[1338,1436,1231,1256]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is in the
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFF2C9AFCFC3AFAD1" box="[246,298,1268,1292]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5rz8-qnyy" name="Colecao de Culturas de Fungos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">IOC</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D9B1FFE6EFAED" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" box="[199,894,1303,1328]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFF1D9B1FFC75FAED" bold="true" box="[199,357,1303,1328]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<typeStatus id="C1668856FFD9FFDAFF1D9B1FFC12FAED" box="[199,258,1303,1328]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFEB69B10FCC6FAED" box="[364,470,1304,1328]" name="Paraguay" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
. Itapúa:
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFDEF9B1FFF84FAED" box="[565,660,1303,1328]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFD7E9B10FFEFFAED" box="[676,767,1304,1328]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-27.116667">27°07'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFCD19B1FFE61FAED" box="[779,881,1303,1328]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-55.783333">55°47'W</geoCoordinate>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D9B34FDF1FA39" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFF1D9B34FF43FA88" bold="true" box="[199,595,1340,1365]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Additional specimens examined.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFDBA9B34FE81FA89" box="[608,913,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFDBA9B34FFEBFA8E" box="[608,763,1340,1363]" name="Argentina" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
. Catamarca:
</emphasis>
Yunka Suma (
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD9FFDAFB9D9B34F997FA88" box="[1095,1159,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
N Aconquija;
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFAE79B34F887FA89" box="[1341,1431,1340,1364]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-27.216667">27°13'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFF4D9B57FDEDFAA5" box="[151,253,1375,1400]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-66.13333">66°08'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFECB9B68FC80FAA5" box="[273,400,1375,1400]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1968-10-02">2 Oct 1968</date>
, L. E. Peña (
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFDC59B68FF54FAA5" box="[543,580,1376,1400]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">7♂</specimenCount>
, 20♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFD559B68FFDDFAA5" box="[655,717,1376,1400]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CNC</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFD3A9B68FE5FFAAA" box="[736,847,1376,1399]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tucumán:</emphasis>
El Tala (
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD9FFDAFC6C9B68FEEEFAA5" box="[950,1022,1375,1400]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
S;
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFBF89B68F96CFAA5" box="[1058,1148,1376,1400]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-28.5">28°30'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFB529B57F9FDFAA5" box="[1160,1261,1375,1400]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-65.8">65°48'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD9FFDAFB229B68F852FAA5" box="[1272,1346,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFA8C9B68FC11FA40" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1968-10-13" valueMax="1968-10-14" valueMin="1968-10-13">1314 Oct 1968</date>
, L. E. Peña (1♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFE1F9B8CFF13FA41" box="[453,515,1412,1436]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CNC</collectionCode>
); Finca La Cavera (Tafí Viejo;
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFCBB9B8CFEABFA40" box="[865,955,1412,1437]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-26.75">26°45'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFC129B8CF93DFA40" box="[968,1069,1412,1437]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-65.26667">65°16'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFB989B8CF810FA40" box="[1090,1280,1412,1437]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1951-11-23" valueMax="1951-11-28" valueMin="1951-11-23">2328 Nov 1951</date>
, M. L. Aczel, R. Golbach (
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFEF69BA0FC4FFA1D" box="[300,351,1448,1472]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">17♂</specimenCount>
, 29♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFE6B9BA0FF17FA1D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[433,519,1448,1472]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFDC79BA0FF81FA1D" box="[541,657,1447,1472]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">San Pedro</collectingCountry>
de Colalao (
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFCF39BAFFE94FA1D" box="[809,900,1447,1472]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-26.233334">26°14'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFC489BAFFEE8FA1D" box="[914,1016,1447,1472]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-65.48333">65°29'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFBD59BA0F9B2FA1D" box="[1039,1186,1447,1472]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1968-10-14">14 Oct 1968</date>
, L. E. Peña (
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFAE49BA0F872FA1D" box="[1342,1378,1448,1472]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
, 2♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFF4D9BC4FDC6FA39" box="[151,214,1484,1508]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CNC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D9BF8FDE9F98D" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFF1D9BF8FCCEF9D5" box="[199,478,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFF1D9BF8FC25F9DA" box="[199,309,1520,1543]" name="Bolivia" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
. Cochabamba:
</emphasis>
Cochabamba (
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFD539BE7FFE9F9D5" box="[649,761,1519,1544]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="92" value="-16.388332">16°23.3'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFCDC9BE7FE7BF9D5" box="[774,875,1519,1544]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-66.11667">66°07'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD9FFDAFCAD9BE7FEC0F9D5" box="[887,976,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.61" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="2610.0">2610 m</quantity>
),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFC3C9BE7F96BF9D5" box="[998,1147,1519,1544]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2001-03-25">25 Mar 2001</date>
, W. N. Mathis (
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFAEB9BF8F874F9D5" box="[1329,1380,1520,1544]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">13♂</specimenCount>
, 1♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFF4D981CFDFDF9F1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[151,237,1556,1580]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">USNM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFEDA981DFC49F9F1" box="[256,345,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">La Paz:</emphasis>
La Paz (near museum;
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFDB2981CFFC7F9F0" box="[616,727,1556,1581]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="92" value="-16.541666">16°32.5'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFD3E981CFE4EF9F0" box="[740,862,1556,1581]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="92" value="-68.07166">68°04.3'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD9FFDAFCB0981CFED3F9F1" box="[874,963,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="3360.0">3360 m</quantity>
),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFC03981CF97FF9F1" box="[985,1135,1556,1580]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2001-03-20">20 Mar 2001</date>
, W. N. Mathis (
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFAF9981CF848F9F1" box="[1315,1368,1556,1580]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">30♂</specimenCount>
, 11♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFF4D9830FDFDF98D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[151,237,1592,1616]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D9854FF87F8D9" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFF1D9854FC9EF9A9" box="[199,398,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFF1D9854FC37F9AE" box="[199,295,1628,1651]" name="Brazil" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. Paraná:
</emphasis>
Curitiba, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Reserva Biológica (
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFB8D9854F9D7F9A8" box="[1111,1223,1628,1653]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="92" value="-25.448334">25°26.9'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFB099854F828F9A9" box="[1235,1336,1628,1652]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-49.233334">49°14'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD9FFDAFA9E9854F89FF9A9" box="[1348,1423,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.15" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="915.0">915 m</quantity>
),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFF4D9888FC09F945" box="[151,281,1664,1688]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2010-01-04">4 Jan 2010</date>
, D. and W. N. Mathis (
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFDEA9888FF44F945" box="[560,596,1664,1688]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
, 4♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFD429888FFF1F94A" box="[664,737,1664,1687]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">UFPR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFD359888FE55F945" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[751,837,1664,1688]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">USNM</collectionCode>
); Prainha (
<quantity id="D9259B11FFD9FFDAFC1E9877F910F945" box="[964,1024,1663,1688]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
S Matinhos;
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFB7A9877F81FF945" box="[1184,1295,1663,1688]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="92" value="-25.853333">25°51.2'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFAC49877F888F945" box="[1310,1432,1663,1688]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="92" value="-48.56">48°33.6'W</geoCoordinate>
; beach),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFF2F98ACFC84F961" box="[245,404,1700,1725]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2010-11-15">15 Nov 2010</date>
, D. and W. N. Mathis (
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFD6C98ACFFCCF961" box="[694,732,1700,1724]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">2♂</specimenCount>
, 3♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFCFE98ADFE7DF961" box="[804,877,1701,1724]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">DZUP</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFCA798ACFEC3F961" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[893,979,1700,1724]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">USNM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFC3098ADF9C4F960" box="[1002,1236,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Rio Grande do Sul:</emphasis>
Torres (
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFAE798ACF887F961" box="[1341,1431,1700,1724]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-29.35">29°21'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BE95033FFD9FFDAFF4D98C0FDEEF93D" box="[151,254,1736,1760]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="925" value="-49.733334">49°44'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFEC898C0FC6DF93D" box="[274,381,1735,1760]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1965-06">Jun 1965</date>
, N. Papavero (
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFDFD98CFFF4AF93D" box="[551,602,1735,1760]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">35♂</specimenCount>
, 24♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFD7398C0FE16F93D" box="[681,774,1736,1760]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MZUSP</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFCC998C0FE79F93D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[787,873,1736,1760]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">USNM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFCA798C0F923F902" box="[893,1075,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Santa Catarina:</emphasis>
Imbituba, praia de Itapirubá (),
<date id="6A631034FFD9FFDAFF4D98E4FC13F8D9" box="[151,259,1772,1797]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2010-02">Feb 2010</date>
, J. C. Almeida (
<specimenCount id="08DBFD7DFFD9FFDAFE6298E4FCFCF8D8" box="[440,492,1772,1797]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic">16♂</specimenCount>
, 2♀;
<collectionCode id="78CCAE31FFD9FFDAFDF398E4FF9BF8D9" box="[553,651,1772,1796]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MZUSP</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56C7657FFFD9FFDAFF1D9907F9E3F891" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D9907F9E3F891" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFF1D9907FC49F8F5" bold="true" box="[199,345,1807,1832]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Distribution</emphasis>
(Map 23).
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFE0C9907FF74F8F5" box="[470,612,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Neotropical:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFDB19907FFCAF8F5" box="[619,730,1807,1832]" name="Argentina" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(Catamarca, Tucumán),
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFC2A9907F953F8F5" box="[1008,1091,1807,1832]" name="Bolivia" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
(Cochabamba, La Paz),
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFA8D9907F88CF8F5" box="[1367,1436,1807,1832]" name="Brazil" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo),
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFCCE993CFE61F890" box="[788,881,1844,1869]" name="Ecuador" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(Chimborazo),
<collectingCountry id="66CA7664FFD9FFDAFBF9993DF99BF890" box="[1059,1163,1845,1869]" name="Paraguay" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
(Itapúa).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56C7657FFFD9FFD9FF1D995FFE00FB5B" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFD9FFDAFF1D995FFEDAF848" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFF1D995FFC2BF8AD" bold="true" box="[199,315,1879,1904]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFD9FFDAFD109951FE58F8AD" box="[714,840,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neoephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciligena">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFD9FFDAFD109951FE58F8AD" box="[714,840,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">N. ciligena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but is distinguished from the latter by the external characters and features of the male terminalia as noted in the description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6236F4FFDAFFD9FF4D9A78FE00FB5B" blockId="74.[151,784,1136,1158]" box="[151,784,1136,1158]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFDAFFD9FF4D9A78FDE7FB58" bold="true" box="[151,247,1136,1157]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">MAP 23.</emphasis>
Distribution map for
<taxonomicName id="D9DD4D77FFDAFFD9FE099A78FE1CFB5B" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" box="[467,780,1136,1158]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Neoephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zurcheri">
<emphasis id="2CA9EAE6FFDAFFD9FE099A78FFB8FB5B" box="[467,680,1136,1158]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Neoephydra zurcheri</emphasis>
(Hendel)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>