364 lines
49 KiB
XML
364 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="F266F1D936ABFCC561162AB93CA33526" ID-CLB-Dataset="45483" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3815.2.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5686a584-4e5b-443c-b2a8-ea8a64a65a9f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="225682" ID-ZooBank="6B598927-E81E-4C43-BC57-D97F7C3E0E19" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460437295452" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marshall, Stephen A. & Jackson, Morgan D." docDate="2014" docId="95604E58571DFF915E96F06223939E0A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03815p296.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3815 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hemichaeta Steyskal 1968" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="293" masterDocId="69593620571CFF935E01F10D26149939" masterDocTitle="A redefinition of the genus Hemichaeta Steyskal, new status (Diptera; Micropezidae; Taeniapterinae)" masterLastPageNumber="296" masterPageNumber="291" pageNumber="292" updateTime="1698332341890" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6DAF3D2CB71EAD94FAAAF29C44604703">
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<mods:title id="996730E64796FE0F24DB99D945A03F86">A redefinition of the genus Hemichaeta Steyskal, new status (Diptera; Micropezidae; Taeniapterinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4990743E50FAD29BA8E9BE20194A2FB8">Marshall, Stephen A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B4B3C05B099F9B914205960C5269BFD">Jackson, Morgan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E7421CC682D0990112BB1067D62DB3DB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="646E7961B77CEB1FF57D4FDDA09F465C">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="95604E58571DFF915E96F06223939E0A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6131657" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119506862" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6131657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95604E58571DFF915E96F06223939E0A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/95604E58571DFF915E96F06223939E0A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<subSubSection id="55D3ACC5571DFF925E96F06227919BBD" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571DFF925E96F06227CD98B3" blockId="1.[151,473,367,394]" box="[151,473,367,394]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<heading id="463E4822571DFF925E96F06227CD98B3" bold="true" box="[151,473,367,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571DFF925E96F06227CD98B3" ID-CoL="9H78P" ID-ENA="1586288" authority="Steyskal 1968" authorityName="Steyskal" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,473,367,394]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925E96F06227CD98B3" bold="true" box="[151,473,367,394]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925E96F062273D98B0" bold="true" box="[151,297,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925F31F07D27CD98B3" author="Steyskal" box="[304,473,368,394]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1968) Family Micropezidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalog of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, 48, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1968">Steyskal 1968</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571DFF925E96F0BB27BD9B11" blockId="1.[151,1436,438,644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925E96F0BB271198F5" box="[151,261,438,460]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Hemicheta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925F0CF0BB278998F5" author="Hennig" box="[269,413,438,460]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Hennig, W. (1934) Revision der Tyliden (Dipt., Acalypt.). I. (Aus dem Staatlichen Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden). Teil: Die Taeniapterinae Amerikas. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 95, 65 - 108, 294 - 330." type="journal article" year="1934">Hennig, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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: 104 (as subgenus of
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<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571DFF925C85F0BB25AB98F5" authority="Hennig 1934: 96" authorityName="Hennig" authorityPageNumber="96" authorityYear="1934" box="[644,959,438,460]" class="Insecta" family="Richardiidae" genus="Poecilomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925C85F0BB251798F5" box="[644,771,438,460]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Poecilomyia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925D0DF0BB258198F5" author="Hennig" box="[780,917,438,460]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Hennig, W. (1934) Revision der Tyliden (Dipt., Acalypt.). I. (Aus dem Staatlichen Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden). Teil: Die Taeniapterinae Amerikas. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 95, 65 - 108, 294 - 330." type="journal article" year="1934">Hennig 1934</bibRefCitation>
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: 96
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925DD2F0B5227C98F5" box="[979,1128,438,461]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Nomen nudum</emphasis>
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; genus-group name proposed after 1930 without designation of
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<typeStatus id="C27241EC571DFF925C1FF0DB245E98D2" box="[542,586,470,491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">type</typeStatus>
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species from four included species (ICZN (1999) - Art. 67.4.1).
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<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571DFF925E96F0F927C09B33" authority="Steyskal, 1968: 11" authorityName="Steyskal" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,468,500,522]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925E96F0F927069B33" box="[151,274,500,522]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925F19F0F927A49B33" author="Steyskal" box="[280,432,500,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1968) Family Micropezidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalog of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, 48, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1968">Steyskal, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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: 11
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</taxonomicName>
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, as subgenus of
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<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571DFF925C7DF0F925999B33" authority="Hennig, 1934" authorityName="Hennig" authorityYear="1934" box="[636,909,500,522]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Poecilotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925C7DF0F924ED9B33" box="[636,761,500,522]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Poecilotylus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925D01F0F925999B33" author="Hennig" box="[768,909,500,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Hennig, W. (1934) Revision der Tyliden (Dipt., Acalypt.). I. (Aus dem Staatlichen Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden). Teil: Die Taeniapterinae Amerikas. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 95, 65 - 108, 294 - 330." type="journal article" year="1934">Hennig, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="C27241EC571DFF925D96F0F825DD9B33" box="[919,969,501,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571DFF925A27F0F923889B33" authority="Cresson, 1930" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1930" box="[1062,1436,500,522]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Grallomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellata">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925A27F0F923119B33" box="[1062,1285,500,522]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Grallomyia scutellata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925B0AF0F923889B33" author="Cresson" box="[1291,1436,500,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Cresson, E. T. Jr. (1930) Notes on and descriptions of some neotropical Neriidae and Micropezidae (Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 56, 307 - 362." type="journal article" year="1930">Cresson, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(original designation).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571DFF925E96F33F27919BBD" blockId="1.[151,1436,438,644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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Notes: As pointed out by
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925F9BF33C24699B7E" box="[410,637,561,583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Evenhuis, N. L., Pape, T. & Pont, A. C. (2008) The problems of subsequent typification in genus-group names and use of the Zoological Record: a study of selected post- 1930 Diptera genus-group names without type species designations. Zootaxa, 1912, 1 - 44." type="journal article">
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Evenhuis
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925FFFF33F24269B7E" box="[510,562,561,583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">et al.</emphasis>
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(2008)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925C86F33C24E19B7E" box="[647,757,561,583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Hemicheta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925CFDF33C256B9B7E" author="Hennig" box="[764,895,561,583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Hennig, W. (1934) Revision der Tyliden (Dipt., Acalypt.). I. (Aus dem Staatlichen Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden). Teil: Die Taeniapterinae Amerikas. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 95, 65 - 108, 294 - 330." type="journal article" year="1934">Hennig 1934</bibRefCitation>
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is a
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925DAFF33F22299B7E" box="[942,1085,561,583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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. Spelling, authorship, and date are from
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925F00F35D27B19B5F" author="Steyskal" box="[257,421,592,614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1968) Family Micropezidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalog of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, 48, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1968">Steyskal (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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, who fulfilled the criteria for availability by designating a
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<typeStatus id="C27241EC571DFF925A11F35C22289B5F" box="[1040,1084,593,614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">type</typeStatus>
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and citing
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<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571DFF925AB4F35D23619B5F" author="Hennig" box="[1205,1397,592,614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" refString="Hennig, W. (1934) Revision der Tyliden (Dipt., Acalypt.). I. (Aus dem Staatlichen Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden). Teil: Die Taeniapterinae Amerikas. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 95, 65 - 108, 294 - 330." type="journal article" year="1934">Hennig (1934: 97)</bibRefCitation>
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for generic characters.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="55D3ACC5571DFF925E96F3BC253C9A64" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571DFF925E96F3BC253C9A64" blockId="1.[151,1437,689,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925E96F3BC27059BF3" bold="true" box="[151,273,689,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571DFF925F1BF3BC24029BF3" box="[282,534,689,714]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellata">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925F1BF3BC24029BF3" box="[282,534,689,714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Hemichaeta scutellata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the only species in the genus, is easily recognized by its compact appearance, small size (body length, excluding wings, approximately
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<quantity id="DA3152AB571DFF925D23F3D825749BD7" box="[802,864,725,750]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="mm" value="6.0">6mm</quantity>
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), short abdomen, stout distal anteroventral bristles on the hind femur, fusion of R4+5 and M1+2 prior to the wing tip, and a relatively short and broad anal cell. The flat to slightly depressed frontal vitta, general pigmentation, and single large frontal bristle are also useful diagnostic features, although similar characters occur in other genera.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="55D3ACC5571DFF915EC6F26524DE9A51" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571DFF925EC6F26522B89D0C" blockId="1.[151,1437,689,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925EC6F26527469AB8" bold="true" box="[199,338,872,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Description</emphasis>
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(genus and species): Small, compact flies with the thorax distinctly higher than long and the abdomen unusually short, subequal to the combined length of the head and thorax. Length from head to abdomen tip (excluding deflexed oviscape)
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<quantity id="DA3152AB571DFF925C17F2BD24409AF0" box="[534,596,944,969]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="mm" value="6.0">6mm</quantity>
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. Colour (see
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<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571DFF925CE8F2BD25419AF1" box="[745,853,944,969]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1879,1902]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,195,1857]" captionTargetBox-1="[201,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson), Hacienda Baru, Costa Rica, 2008. 1, male displaying on leaf surface; 2, mating pair." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 7. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson). 3, male lateral showing wing venation and hind femur apical setae, with inset showing maxillary palpus; 4, male head (abbr: fr s, frontal seta; i vt s, inner vertical seta; orb s, orbital seta; o vt s, outer vertical seta; poc s, postocellar seta); 5, male terminalia; 6, male sternite 5 with genital fork; 7, female spermathecae and associated structures." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/225683/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/225684/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
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): head dark red dorsally, frontal vitta velvety black, lower frons and face red to orange, parafacial and gena silvery pruinose, palpus black with a contrasting yellow apex; thorax black with extensive silver pruinosity including four large silver notal patches dorsally, legs mostly pale brown except black fore tibia and tarsus and bands as described below; abdomen brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571DFF925EC6F54D27DF9CF8" blockId="1.[151,1437,689,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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Head (Figs. 3,4): Postocellar, outer vertical and inner vertical bristles strong, orbital bristle and fronto-orbital bristle subequal; orbital bristle at level of ocelli, front bristle at edge of midpoint of the circular, flat to slightly depressed, velvety black frontal vitta. Preocellar frontal vitta slightly longer than wide, not reaching ptilinal suture, rounded on anterior margin. Frontal vitta strongly tomentose surrounding ocellar triangle, slightly depressed and strongly contrasting against shining epicephala. Lower fifth and lateral edges of frons red to orange, elevated laterally. Eye margined by a narrow silvery strip continuous with parafacial strips. Lunule subequal in width to scape and continuous with the elevated, flat-topped, parallel-sided midfacial ridge. Clypeus small, narrow, microsetulose and dark. Palpus broadly oval, almost parallel sided (unlike the ventrally convex palpus, characteristic of related
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<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571DFF925FA2F46C24889C41" authority="Macquart" authorityName="Macquart" box="[419,668,1377,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925FA2F46C243D9C41" box="[419,553,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
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Macquart
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</taxonomicName>
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s.l.). Antenna short, scape and pedicel with only minute setulae, first flagellomere oblong, 1.3X as long as wide; arista short, bare except for some minute setulae near base, length 2.7X length of first flagellomere.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571DFF925EC6F4C122039FA0" blockId="1.[151,1437,689,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Thorax: Prothorax distinct, collar-like but short, shiny. Cervical sclerite rounded, strongly convex and domelike posteriorly. Mesothorax distinctly higher than long, with 2 equal notopleural bristles, large supralar and postalar bristles, 1 large prescutellar dorsocentral bristle and 1 large apical scutellar bristle. Scutellum densely microtrichose (not setulose), especially along margins, velvety black in contrast with the dull black scutum marked with large dorsal silvery patches of tomentum; subscutellum whitish microtrichose. Katepisternal bristles golden brown. Katatergite convex, elongate dome-like, withish microsetulose centrally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571DFF925EC6F7A824459EAD" blockId="1.[151,1437,689,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
|
||
Legs: All femora and tibiae cylindrical, without distinct sulci. Fore femur and fore coxa cream yellow, except for a broad preapical brown band on femur; fore tibia and tarsus dark brown to black; distal 3/4 of fore femur with dense short golden setulae and no larger bristles. Mid and hind femur banded in brown and yellowish-brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571DFF925B6EF7E126B09E11" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1879,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson), Hacienda Baru, Costa Rica, 2008. 1, male displaying on leaf surface; 2, mating pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225683/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a distinctive broad cream yellow distal band margined by narrow dark brown bands. Apex of mid and hind femora and all of mid and hind tibiae brown. Mid tibia with anterodorsal row of short stout bristles, hind femur with anterodorsal and posterodorsal rows of the same bristles.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65DEBFDE571DFF925D56F655259B9E48" box="[855,911,1880,1905]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
femur slightly swollen distally, with 2–3 stout anteroventral preapical bristles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571DFF925FFEF67124509EAD" box="[511,580,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[201,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 7. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson). 3, male lateral showing wing venation and hind femur apical setae, with inset showing maxillary palpus; 4, male head (abbr: fr s, frontal seta; i vt s, inner vertical seta; orb s, orbital seta; o vt s, outer vertical seta; poc s, postocellar seta); 5, male terminalia; 6, male sternite 5 with genital fork; 7, female spermathecae and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225684/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571DFF915EC6F6AD25F4981C" blockId="1.[151,1437,689,2013]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,1844]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
|
||
Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571DFF925F16F6AD27749E81" box="[279,352,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[201,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 7. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson). 3, male lateral showing wing venation and hind femur apical setae, with inset showing maxillary palpus; 4, male head (abbr: fr s, frontal seta; i vt s, inner vertical seta; orb s, orbital seta; o vt s, outer vertical seta; poc s, postocellar seta); 5, male terminalia; 6, male sternite 5 with genital fork; 7, female spermathecae and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225684/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
): Slightly infuscated over entire surface, no transverse banding or dark pigmented markings. Wing microtrichose, except for bare basal third of cell br, entirety of cells bm and cu
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571DFF925A45F6C822469EE5" box="[1092,1106,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
|
||
, and small oval near junction of A2 and A
|
||
<quantity id="DA3152AB571EFF915F21F1AB27529989" box="[288,326,151,180]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
anal cell. Anal cell short and broad. A1+CuA2 roughly two-thirds length of CuA2, cell cu
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915B3FF19423589989" box="[1342,1356,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">p</emphasis>
|
||
longer than broad; A1+CuA2 weakened but attaining wing margin, curved slightly towards wing base at midpoint. R4+5 and M1+2 fused prior to the wing tip (cell r4+5 closed); R4+5+M1+2 slightly shorter than crossvein r-m, costa ending where R4+5+M1+2 meets the wing margin. CuA1 beyond dm-cu, subequal to dm-cu.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571EFF915EC6F03E22359B1A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1844]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||
Female abdomen: Oviscape broad basally, tapering apically, almost as long as rest of abdomen, shiny reddishbrown without the pruinosity covering the rest of the abdomen. Ventral receptacle short and broad. Common spermathecal duct broad and convoluted prior to dividing into narrow bases of individual spermathecal ducts, both ducts abruptly widening just beyond base; single duct parallel sided until spermathecal stem which is narrower than duct at base and gradually swells to an irregularly oval spermatheca with several processes. Paired spermathecal duct broadest near base, narrowed at spermathecal stem. Spermathecal stem strongly sinuate-coiled and expanding to elongate oval, striate spermathecae with distinct process on basal half (
|
||
<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571EFF915DCFF30622069B1A" box="[974,1042,523,548]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[201,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 7. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson). 3, male lateral showing wing venation and hind femur apical setae, with inset showing maxillary palpus; 4, male head (abbr: fr s, frontal seta; i vt s, inner vertical seta; orb s, orbital seta; o vt s, outer vertical seta; poc s, postocellar seta); 5, male terminalia; 6, male sternite 5 with genital fork; 7, female spermathecae and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225684/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571EFF915EC6F32224DE9A51" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1844]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||
Male abdomen: Genital fork (sternite 5) with two long incurved arms, each with 4–6 stout inner bristles, base between arms very broad, narrowly cleft medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571EFF915CF1F35E252C9B55" box="[752,824,595,620]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[201,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 7. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson). 3, male lateral showing wing venation and hind femur apical setae, with inset showing maxillary palpus; 4, male head (abbr: fr s, frontal seta; i vt s, inner vertical seta; orb s, orbital seta; o vt s, outer vertical seta; poc s, postocellar seta); 5, male terminalia; 6, male sternite 5 with genital fork; 7, female spermathecae and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225684/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior part of sternite 5 as long as arms, with a differentiated pale patch of minute setulae anteromedially. Epandrium reddish brown, laterally shining, dorsally microsetulose, subequal in length and height; cerci large and densely setose. Hypandrium elongate, Y-shaped with a loop-like posterodorsal bridge connecting to aedeagal guide on each side; posteriorly articulating with extended anteroventral corner of epandrium. Distiphallus long and mostly parallel-sided, ending in a slightly swollen phallic bulb and then an elongate, tapered distal process. Ejaculatory apodeme large, with a flanged apodeme and a helmet-like sperm pump. Phallapodeme narrow, elongate. Postgonite with a finely microspinulose, rounded apex, with 2–3 minute preapical ventral bristles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571EFF915C79F24224A89A51" box="[632,700,847,872]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[201,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 7. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson). 3, male lateral showing wing venation and hind femur apical setae, with inset showing maxillary palpus; 4, male head (abbr: fr s, frontal seta; i vt s, inner vertical seta; orb s, orbital seta; o vt s, outer vertical seta; poc s, postocellar seta); 5, male terminalia; 6, male sternite 5 with genital fork; 7, female spermathecae and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225684/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="55D3ACC5571EFF915EC6F27E23159D06" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571EFF915EC6F27E277C9A89" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1844]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915EC6F27E27619AB5" bold="true" box="[199,373,883,908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<typeStatus id="C27241EC571EFF915EC6F27E27169AB5" box="[199,258,883,908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="C27241EC571EFF915F7DF27E27F09AB5" box="[380,484,883,908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male (
|
||
<collectionCode id="7BD8678B571EFF915C33F27E24919AB2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[562,645,883,907]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
#27885) and two
|
||
<typeStatus id="C27241EC571EFF915D53F27925A69AB5" box="[850,946,884,908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
females:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65DEBFDE571EFF915A20F27E228F9AB2" box="[1057,1179,883,907]" name="Panama" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Canal Zone,
|
||
<date id="6977D98E571EFF915B36F27E26F89A96" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" value="1911-02-06">February 6, 1911</date>
|
||
, A. Busck.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571EFF915EC6F2B623159D06" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1844]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915EC6F2B624179AED" bold="true" box="[199,515,955,980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Other material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65DEBFDE571EFF915C0CF2B624AC9AEA" box="[525,696,955,979]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Prov. Puntarenas,
|
||
<quantity id="DA3152AB571EFF915D96F2B625DD9AED" box="[919,969,955,980]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" unit="km" value="2.0">2km</quantity>
|
||
N Dominical, Hacienda Baru ecolodge,
|
||
<date id="6977D98E571EFF915E96F2D227449AC1" box="[151,336,991,1016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" value="2006-02-22" valueMax="2006-02-25" valueMin="2006-02-22">22–25.Feb.2006</date>
|
||
, S.A.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65DEBFDE571EFF915F92F2D227E39AC1" box="[403,503,991,1016]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BCF34C7571EFF915C07F2D224249ACE" box="[518,560,991,1015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="generic">7 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="7BD8678B571EFF915C6FF2D224A09ACE" box="[622,692,991,1015]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y350-djvc" name="Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio)" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">INBC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="7BD8678B571EFF915CBEF2D225049ACE" box="[703,784,991,1015]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">DEBU</collectionCode>
|
||
); Heredia, La Selva Biological Station, Puerto Viejo, main trail STR,
|
||
<date id="6977D98E571EFF915F0EF50E27AD9D25" box="[271,441,1027,1052]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" value="2003-02-09" valueMax="2003-02-10" valueMin="2003-02-09">9–10.Feb.2003</date>
|
||
, M. Pollet (
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BCF34C7571EFF915C43F50E24739D22" box="[578,615,1027,1051]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="7BD8678B571EFF915C75F50E24D19D22" box="[628,709,1027,1051]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">DEBU</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65DEBFDE571EFF915CD8F50E25979D22" box="[729,899,1027,1051]" name="Venezuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Sucre, Puy-Puy, 32kmE Carupano, plantations and secondary forest near beach, sweep,
|
||
<date id="6977D98E571EFF915C61F52A25169D06" box="[608,770,1063,1087]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">31.Mar–2.Apr</date>
|
||
, 1988, M. von Tschirnhaus (
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BCF34C7571EFF915A43F52A22739D06" box="[1090,1127,1063,1087]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="generic">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="7BD8678B571EFF915AA5F52A22E29D06" box="[1188,1270,1063,1087]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">DEBU</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="55D3ACC5571EFF915EC6F54623939E0A" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571EFF915EC6F54627E99C66" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1844]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915EC6F54627339D5D" bold="true" box="[199,295,1099,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
What little is known about the biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915D07F54625999D5D" box="[774,909,1099,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915D07F54625999D5D" box="[774,909,1099,1124]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reflected in the label data and
|
||
<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571EFF915B02F546238C9D5A" box="[1283,1432,1099,1124]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1879,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson), Hacienda Baru, Costa Rica, 2008. 1, male displaying on leaf surface; 2, mating pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225683/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Figs. 1 and 2</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571EFF915E96F56226E19DBE" box="[151,245,1135,1160]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1879,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson), Hacienda Baru, Costa Rica, 2008. 1, male displaying on leaf surface; 2, mating pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225683/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
shows a mating pair with the female oviscape directed upwards and held in position by the male's genital fork. The male's forelegs sit on the female's thorax, with his tarsi on the female's swollen cervical sclerites. Some other micropezid genera, for example
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915C60F5BA25759DE9" authority="Enderlein" authorityName="Enderlein" box="[609,865,1207,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Plocoscelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915C60F5BA24F39DE9" box="[609,743,1207,1232]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Plocoscelus</emphasis>
|
||
Enderlein
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915D74F5B525EF9DF6" box="[885,1019,1208,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915D74F5B525EF9DF6" box="[885,1019,1208,1231]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915A3CF5B523099DE9" authority="Enderlein" authorityName="Enderlein" box="[1085,1309,1207,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Scipopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915A3CF5B522B69DF6" box="[1085,1186,1208,1231]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Scipopus</emphasis>
|
||
Enderlein
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
engage in complex precopulatory behavior including "kissing" and "stroking", but no such behaviour has been noted in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915E96F5F2270A9C21" box="[151,286,1279,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915E96F5F2270A9C21" box="[151,286,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Most of the Costa Rican specimens were taken on low (
|
||
<quantity id="DA3152AB571EFF915DB5F5F222349C2E" box="[948,1056,1279,1303]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" unit="cm" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">30–40cm</quantity>
|
||
) vegetation near sea level on the Pacific coast, and most were males apparently "displaying" on the leaf surfaces with the forelegs extended straight out in front of the body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="85F2E3CB571EFF915FAAF44A27F89C66" box="[427,492,1351,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1879,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Hemichaeta scutellata (Cresson), Hacienda Baru, Costa Rica, 2008. 1, male displaying on leaf surface; 2, mating pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225683/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D76FF4E571EFF915EC6F46623939E0A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1844]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915EC6F46627649CBD" bold="true" box="[199,368,1387,1412]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915F7DF46624129CBD" box="[380,518,1387,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Poecilotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915F7DF46624129CBD" box="[380,518,1387,1412]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Poecilotylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an artificial assemblage of Taeniapterini (
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915A1DF461224E9CBA" box="[1052,1114,1388,1411]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="795882BF571EFF915A66F46622E09CBD" author="Aczel" box="[1127,1268,1387,1412]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" refString="Aczel, M. L. (1951) Morfologia externa y division sistematica de las Tanypezidiformes, con sinopsis de las especies argentinas de Tylidae y Neriidae. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 11, 483 - 589." type="journal article" year="1951">Aczél, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) that lack the characteristically axe-shaped palpus diagnostic for the lineage including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915DC9F49D225A9C9E" box="[968,1102,1424,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915DC9F49D225A9C9E" box="[968,1102,1424,1447]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and related genera. There are no synapomorphies linking
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915FD0F4BE244C9CF5" box="[465,600,1459,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915FD0F4BE244C9CF5" box="[465,600,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915C7CF4BE25139CF5" box="[637,775,1459,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Poecilotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915C7CF4BE25139CF5" box="[637,775,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Poecilotylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but both morphological and molecular characters suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915ED1F4DA27439CC9" box="[208,343,1495,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915ED1F4DA27439CC9" box="[208,343,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is instead part of a clade including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915D24F4D525BF9CD6" box="[805,939,1496,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915D24F4D525BF9CD6" box="[805,939,1496,1519]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and related genera, and excluding other "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915EA3F4F627389F2D" box="[162,300,1531,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Poecilotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915EA3F4F627389F2D" box="[162,300,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Poecilotylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
".
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915F46F4F127D99F2A" box="[327,461,1532,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915F46F4F127D99F2A" box="[327,461,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="348E9E27571EFF915FD7F4F627E39F2D" box="[470,503,1531,1556]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
have preapical bristles on the hind femur similar to, albeit smaller than, the short, stout anterior preapical bristles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915C19F712248B9F01" box="[536,671,1567,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915C19F712248B9F01" box="[536,671,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915CEDF71225679F01" box="[748,883,1567,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915CEDF71225679F01" box="[748,883,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915DABF72D22249F0E" box="[938,1072,1568,1591]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915DABF72D22249F0E" box="[938,1072,1568,1591]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="348E9E27571EFF915A39F72D22489F0E" box="[1080,1116,1568,1591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
have a similar and probably derived distiphallus, which extends beyond the phallic bulb as a characteristically long and dorsally recurved portion. Further evidence that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915FF1F76A24639FB9" box="[496,631,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915FF1F76A24639FB9" box="[496,631,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915DA6F76522399F46" box="[935,1069,1640,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915DA6F76522399F46" box="[935,1069,1640,1663]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915A6FF76A22EC9FB9" box="[1134,1272,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Poecilotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915A6FF76A22EC9FB9" box="[1134,1272,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Poecilotylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comes from a recent molecular phylogeny of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915C00F78124E89F9A" authority="Macquart" authorityName="Macquart" box="[513,764,1676,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915C00F78124939F9A" box="[513,647,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
Macquart
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and some related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915DD5F786226D9F9D" box="[980,1145,1675,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Taeniapterinae">Taeniapterinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Jackson
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915AEFF78123369F9D" box="[1262,1314,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., in prep). Analysis of two mitochondrial genes (12S and COI) and two nuclear genes (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65DEBFDE571EFF915A57F7BD22879FF1" box="[1110,1171,1712,1736]" name="Chad" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">CAD</collectingCountry>
|
||
and wingless) places
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915E96F7DE27809FD5" box="[151,404,1747,1772]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915E96F7DE27809FD5" box="[151,404,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Hemichaeta scutellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distant from other "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915C81F7DE251F9FD5" box="[640,779,1747,1772]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Poecilotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915C81F7DE251F9FD5" box="[640,779,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Poecilotylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" but as sister group to a clade including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915AE9F7D9237A9FD2" box="[1256,1390,1748,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915AE9F7D9237A9FD2" box="[1256,1390,1748,1771]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="348E9E27571EFF915B79F7D923889FD2" box="[1400,1436,1748,1771]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915EC8F7FA24119E29" authority="Rondani. These" authorityName="Rondani. These" box="[201,517,1783,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Grallomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915EC8F7FA275E9E29" box="[201,330,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Grallomyia</emphasis>
|
||
Rondani. These
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
data suggest that it is necessary to either include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915A47F7FA22D99E29" box="[1094,1229,1783,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Hemichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915A47F7FA22D99E29" box="[1094,1229,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Hemichaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a very broadly defined
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915EF3F61127629E0A" box="[242,374,1820,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915EF3F61127629E0A" box="[242,374,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or recognize it as a separate genus; it can no longer be treated as a subgenus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAC984CD571EFF915AF7F61623949E0D" box="[1270,1408,1819,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Poecilotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FBD235C571EFF915AF7F61623949E0D" box="[1270,1408,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Poecilotylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |