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<document id="615ACA119B1D2367920624620756014A" ID-CLB-Dataset="53645" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8b5747ec-68d6-4c6a-a1a0-c0c1152b45cc" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6415487" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1649141163832" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grings, Martin &amp; Boldrini, Ilsi Iob" docDate="2022" docId="8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.542.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 542 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Sida dubia A. Saint-Hilaire &amp; Naudin 1842" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="114" masterDocId="7376FFE30B7016417855FFC2275AFFA9" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of Sida (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="135" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1699319296881" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="41399172A5D40DFAF750AD52AB29D440">Synopsis of Sida (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="99578C3ED156CD81BC2952164B05A14B">Grings, Martin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="866998531A08F6CAB7608FFBB9953AAC">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501 - 970, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CEC11A7C2F53033D831BF523B333436C">Boldrini, Ilsi Iob</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="73F73813AFC170F76661F7D3D6E1CDF8">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501 - 970, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415534" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194464319" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6415534" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B79164878DDFF5C234EFF11" box="[136,1044,158,185]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B79164878DDFF5C234EFF11" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,976]" box="[136,1044,158,185]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
5.
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B79164878FCFF5C25A9FF10" ID-CoL="4X7VJ" authority="A. Saint-Hilaire &amp; Naudin (1842: 50)" authorityName="A. Saint-Hilaire &amp; Naudin" authorityPageNumber="50" authorityYear="1842" box="[169,755,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dubia">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B79164878FCFF5C2670FF10" bold="true" box="[169,298,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Sida dubia</emphasis>
A.
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7916487909FF5C25A9FF10" author="Saint-Hilaire, A. de &amp; Naudin, C. V." box="[348,755,158,185]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" pagination="24 - 54" refId="ref20355" refString="Saint-Hilaire, A. de &amp; Naudin, C. V. (1842) Revue de la flore du Bresil meridional. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique ser. 2, 18: 24 - 54." type="journal article" year="1842">Saint-Hilaire &amp; Naudin (1842: 50)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7916487B52FF5C2423FF11" box="[775,889,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[262,1350,253,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[199,1389,190,1947]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Sida anomala, S. cerradoensis, S. confusa, S. cordifolia, S. dubia, S. farroupilhensis and S. lonchitis in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415491/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Figures 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7916487BDFFF5C2499FF11" box="[906,963,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-54@8.[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–E. Sida cordifolia. A. Flower. B.Adaxial surface of leaf. C. Abaxial surface of leaf. D. Branch with leaves and schizocarps. E. Branch with leaves, flowers buds and schizocarps. F–J. Sida dubia. F. Flower. G. Adaxial surface of leaf. H. Abaxial surface of leaf. I. Schizocarps and mericarps. J. Branch with leaves, flowers and buds. K–N. Sida glaziovii. K. Flower. L. Flowers, buds and leaves. M. Branch. N. Buds. Photographs by Martin Grings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415493/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">3F–J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7916487B86FF5C235DFF11" box="[979,1031,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[136,229,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-54@26.[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Mericarps. A. Sida anomala. B. Sida confusa. C. Sida farroupilhensis. D. Sida glaziovii. E. Sida cerradoensis. F. Sida cordifolia. G. Sida dubia. H. Sida linifolia. I. Sida lonchitis. J. Sida nemorensis. K. Sida paradoxa. L. Sida planicaulis. M. Sida potentilloides.N. Sida reitzii. O. Sida regnellii. P. Sida rhombifolia.Q. Sida riedelii. R. Sida rubifolia.S. Sida spinosa.T. Sida tuberculata. U. Sida urens. V. Sida viarum. Photographs by Martin Grings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415519" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415519/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">14G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B7916487C75FF5C2454FF74" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B7916487C75FF5C2454FF74" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B7916487C75FF5C2454FF74" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876477" collectionCode="C, P" country="Brazil" location="Gaudichaud" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="D85D882F0B7916487C75FF5C23D1FF11" box="[1056,1163,158,184]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:—
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7916487CF9FF5C224FFF11" box="[1196,1301,158,184]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. s.l., s.d.,
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487DC7FF5D260BFF75" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487DC7FF5D22F2FF10" box="[1426,1448,159,185]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<location id="023960560B79164878DDFF002648FF75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B79164878DDFF002648FF75" box="[136,274,194,220]" country="Brazil" name="Gaudichaud" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Gaudichaud</location>
1220
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487935FF00262AFF75" box="[352,368,194,220]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
barcode 02285395! [digital image]).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B79164878E8FF2525BAFE8C" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B79164878E8FF2525BAFE8C" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
=
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B791648788CFF24259AFEA8" ID-CoL="4X87L" authority="Hochreutiner (1905: 295)" authorityName="Hochreutiner" authorityPageNumber="295" authorityYear="1905" box="[217,704,230,257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multicrena">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B791648788CFF2426D4FEA9" box="[217,398,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Sida multicrena</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B79164879CCFF24259AFEA8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876426" box="[409,704,230,257]" collectionCode="G" country="Paraguay" county="Hassler" location="In" municipality="Apepu" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">Hochreutiner (1905: 295)</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="D85D882F0B7916487A99FF24246EFEA9" box="[716,820,230,256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:—
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7916487B0CFF2424AAFEA9" box="[857,1008,230,256]" name="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487BABFF252206FEA8" box="[1022,1372,231,257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<location id="023960560B7916487BABFF25234FFEA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B7916487BABFF25234FFEA9" box="[1022,1045,231,256]" country="Paraguay" county="Hassler" municipality="Apepu" name="In" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">In</location>
campo
<collectingMunicipality id="E73DACF70B7916487C22FF2523E5FEA8" box="[1143,1215,231,257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Apepu</collectingMunicipality>
(Tapiraguay)
</emphasis>
, Aug.,
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B79164878DDFEC82644FE8D" box="[136,286,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<collectingCounty id="EE384E010B79164878DDFEC82785FE8D" box="[136,223,266,292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Hassler</collectingCounty>
4351
</emphasis>
(G barcode 00306074! [digital image]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B79164878E8FEEC24E6FE71" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B79164878E8FEEC24E6FE71" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B79164878E8FEEC2527FEE1" bold="true" box="[189,637,302,328]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes:</emphasis>
—The species
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B7916487B72FEED24E7FEE1" authorityName="Hochreutiner" authorityYear="1905" box="[807,957,302,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multicrena">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487B72FEED24E7FEE1" box="[807,957,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">S. multicrena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was synonymized by
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7916487C91FEEC22FDFEE0" author="Krapovickas, A." box="[1220,1447,302,329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" pagination="292 - 333" refId="ref19401" refString="Krapovickas, A. (2005) Malvaceae. In: Bacigalupo, N. M. (Ed.) Flora Ilustrada de Entre-Rios. 6 (4 b). Colecc. Ci. Inst. Nac. Tecnol. Agropecu, pp. 292 - 333." type="book chapter" year="2005">Krapovickas (2005)</bibRefCitation>
, which we agree after analyzing the
<typeStatus id="D85D882F0B7916487A4FFE91250FFEC4" box="[538,597,339,365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">types</typeStatus>
of both.
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B7916487AE9FE90246FFEC5" authorityName="A. Saint-Hilaire &amp; Naudin" authorityYear="1842" box="[700,821,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dubia">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487AE9FE90246FFEC5" box="[700,821,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Sida dubia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to section
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B7916487C5AFE9023D5FEC5" authorityName="Fryxell" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="de Candolle" box="[1039,1167,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Cordifoliae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487C5AFE9023D5FEC5" box="[1039,1167,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Cordifoliae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the indument densely stellate-tomentose; leaf blades lanceolate, dentate-crenate throughout, basally more or less cordate, features pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7916487882FE582621FE1C" author="Fryxell, P. A." box="[215,379,410,437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" pagination="62 - 91" refId="ref18743" refString="Fryxell, P. A. (1985) The North and Central American species of Sida. Sida, Contributions to Botany 11: 62 - 91." type="journal article" year="1985">Fryxell (1985)</bibRefCitation>
for this section (
<tableCitation id="4A6403360B7916487A6FFE5825D4FE1D" box="[570,654,410,436]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,224,340,364]" captionTargetBox="[144,1440,425,1289]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Sections of Sida with species occurring in Rio Grande do Sul state, and their diagnostic features, according to Fryxell (1985) and Krapovickas (2003)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/539966050B72164378DDFE962568FE39" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" tableUuid="539966050B72164378DDFE962568FE39">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The species can be recognized by its erect habit, pink corolla (rarely yellow), 11–13 mericarps with aristae
<quantity id="C01E9B680B7916487A63FE7C25C9FE70" box="[566,659,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 mm</quantity>
long (
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7916487A8FFE7C242AFE71" box="[730,880,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-54@8.[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–E. Sida cordifolia. A. Flower. B.Adaxial surface of leaf. C. Abaxial surface of leaf. D. Branch with leaves and schizocarps. E. Branch with leaves, flowers buds and schizocarps. F–J. Sida dubia. F. Flower. G. Adaxial surface of leaf. H. Abaxial surface of leaf. I. Schizocarps and mericarps. J. Branch with leaves, flowers and buds. K–N. Sida glaziovii. K. Flower. L. Flowers, buds and leaves. M. Branch. N. Buds. Photographs by Martin Grings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415493/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Figures 3F–J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7916487B2EFE7C24F5FE71" box="[891,943,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[136,229,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-54@26.[196,1391,245,1933]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Mericarps. A. Sida anomala. B. Sida confusa. C. Sida farroupilhensis. D. Sida glaziovii. E. Sida cerradoensis. F. Sida cordifolia. G. Sida dubia. H. Sida linifolia. I. Sida lonchitis. J. Sida nemorensis. K. Sida paradoxa. L. Sida planicaulis. M. Sida potentilloides.N. Sida reitzii. O. Sida regnellii. P. Sida rhombifolia.Q. Sida riedelii. R. Sida rubifolia.S. Sida spinosa.T. Sida tuberculata. U. Sida urens. V. Sida viarum. Photographs by Martin Grings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415519" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415519/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">14G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B79164878E8FE2022C8FD51" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B79164878E8FE2022C8FD51" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B79164878E8FE202590FE55" bold="true" box="[189,714,482,508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Distribution, habitat and conservation satus:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B7916487AB3FE202407FE55" authorityName="A. Saint-Hilaire &amp; Naudin" authorityYear="1842" box="[742,861,482,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dubia">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487AB3FE202407FE55" box="[742,861,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Sida dubia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in northeastern
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7916487C02FE202393FE55" box="[1111,1225,482,508]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7916487C87FE212261FE54" box="[1234,1339,483,509]" name="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7916487D11FE2122FDFE54" box="[1348,1447,483,509]" name="Uruguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B79164878ECFDC427A7FD89" box="[185,253,518,544]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B791648795BFDC426BBFD88" author="Krapovickas, A." box="[270,481,518,545]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" pagination="292 - 333" refId="ref19401" refString="Krapovickas, A. (2005) Malvaceae. In: Bacigalupo, N. M. (Ed.) Flora Ilustrada de Entre-Rios. 6 (4 b). Colecc. Ci. Inst. Nac. Tecnol. Agropecu, pp. 292 - 333." type="book chapter" year="2005">Krapovickas 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B79164879BBFDC4258AFD89" author="Zuloaga, F. O. &amp; Morrone, O. &amp; Belgrano M. J." box="[494,720,518,544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" pagination="1 - 3348" refId="ref20813" refString="Zuloaga, F. O., Morrone, O. &amp; Belgrano M. J. (2008) Catalogo de las plantas vasculares del Cono Sur (Argentina, sur de Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay). Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1 - 3348." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zuloaga
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487A06FDC525D7FD89" box="[595,653,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7916487A88FDC42435FD89" author="Bovini, M. G." box="[733,879,518,544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" refId="ref18092" refString="Bovini, M. G. (2020) Sida in Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http: // floradobrasil. jbrj. gov. br / jabot / floradobrasil / FB 9206 (accessed 7 July 2020)" type="url" year="2020">Bovini 2020</bibRefCitation>
). Specifically in
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7916487C65FDC4232DFD89" box="[1072,1143,518,544]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, the species occurs only in State of
<collectingRegion id="C522F86F0B79164878B6FDE826E9FDED" box="[227,435,554,580]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
, in Shallow soil grassland, Bush grassland, Inland sub-montane grassland, Sandy grassland, Coastal grassland, and
<taxonomicName id="C0E64D0E0B79164879C3FD8C26AAFDC1" box="[406,496,590,616]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Aristida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B79164879C3FD8C26AAFDC1" box="[406,496,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Aristida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grassland (
<figureCitation id="9FDD2A080B7916487A2DFD8C2585FDC1" box="[632,735,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[262,1350,253,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[199,1389,190,1947]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Sida anomala, S. cerradoensis, S. confusa, S. cordifolia, S. dubia, S. farroupilhensis and S. lonchitis in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415491/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Figure 2</figureCitation>
). With the available records, the species presents an EOO of 298,741.879 Km² and an AOO of 400 Km². Although it can be considered EN by the AOO, conditions B(a), B(b) and B(c) were not met. Therefore, the species is here considered Least Concern (LC). However the situation of the species must be monitored, since it is restricted to Pampa grasslands which has suffered great losses in area (30% from 1985 to 2019) due to conversion to crops in the state of
<collectingRegion id="C522F86F0B7916487ACBFD1C242BFD51" box="[670,881,734,760]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7916487B28FD1C249BFD51" box="[893,961,734,760]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7916487B85FD1C23E9FD50" author="Andrade, B. O. &amp; Koch, C. &amp; Boldrini, I. I. &amp; Velez-Martin, E. &amp; Hasenack, H. &amp; Hermann, J. M. &amp; Kollmann, J. &amp; Pillar, V. P." box="[976,1203,734,761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" pagination="95 - 104" refId="ref17819" refString="Andrade, B. O., Koch, C., Boldrini, I. I., Velez-Martin, E., Hasenack, H., Hermann, J. M., Kollmann, J., Pillar, V. P. &amp; Overbeck. G. E. (2015) Grassland degradation and restoration: A conceptual framework of stages and thresholds illustrated by southern Brazilian grasslands. Natureza &amp; Conservacao 13: 95 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ncon. 2015.08.002" type="journal article" year="2015">
Andrade
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487C6CFD1D232BFD51" box="[1081,1137,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="63774B7C0B7916487CEBFD1C22DCFD51" author="Mapbiomas" box="[1214,1414,734,760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" refId="ref19791" refString="Mapbiomas (2020) Available from: https: // mapbiomas. org / (accessed 24 November 2020)" type="url" year="2020">Mapbiomas 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FFC65060B79164878E8FCC0259EFC79" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0759368D0B79164878E8FCC0259EFC79" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B79164878E8FCC02558FCB5" bold="true" box="[189,514,770,796]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Representative specimens:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B7916487A4AFCC0266BFCE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876311" collectionCode="S" country="Brazil" location="Reserva Biologica do Ibirapuita" longitude="-29.916527" municipality="Alegrete" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
<collectingCountry id="7FF1761D0B7916487A4AFCC025DDFCB5" box="[543,647,770,796]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="C522F86F0B7916487ACCFCC024DDFCB5" box="[665,903,770,796]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="E73DACF70B7916487BCDFCC024A1FCB5" box="[920,1019,770,796]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Alegrete</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="023960560B7916487C5AFCC122D7FCB5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B7916487C5AFCC122D7FCB5" box="[1039,1421,770,797]" country="Brazil" longitude="-29.916527" municipality="Alegrete" name="Reserva Biologica do Ibirapuita" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Reserva Biológica do Ibirapuitã</location>
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487DC9FCC022F6FCB5" box="[1436,1452,770,796]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
29º54’59.5” W
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B791648796CFCE4258FFC05" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876442" collectingDate="1943-01" collectingDateMax="2018-11-23" collectingDateMin="1943-01" collectionCode="M, R, ICN, P, E, S" country="Brazil" county="Grings" location="Buck" longitude="-30.798416" municipality="Paniz" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" specimenCode="PACA 11127, ICN 7529, BR 392" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
55º46’00.0”,
<date id="7358104D0B791648799AFCE425F2FCE9" box="[463,680,806,832]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="2009-12-14">
<collectingDate id="631CE9A50B791648799AFCE425F2FCE9" box="[463,680,806,832]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="2009-12-14">14 December 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487AE1FCE524B7FCE9" box="[692,1005,806,833]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487AE1FCE52595FCE9" box="[692,719,807,832]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectingCounty id="EE384E010B7916487A8FFCE52472FCE8" box="[730,808,807,833]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Grings</collectingCounty>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487B1BFCE52438FCE9" box="[846,866,807,832]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="E73DACF70B7916487B3BFCE524F4FCE9" box="[878,942,807,832]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Paniz</collectingMunicipality>
1916
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487BA8FCE42369FCE9" box="[1021,1075,806,832]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">ICN</collectionCode>
); Cerro Largo, São Luiz,
<date id="7358104D0B7916487D01FCE52799FCCD" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="1943-01">
<collectingDate id="631CE9A50B7916487D01FCE52799FCCD" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="1943-01">January 1943</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487885FC89260FFCCD" box="[208,341,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487885FC8927BBFCCD" box="[208,225,843,868]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
.
<location id="023960560B79164878B8FC88267FFCCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B79164878B8FC88267FFCCD" box="[237,293,842,868]" country="Brazil" county="Grings" longitude="-30.798416" municipality="Paniz" name="Buck" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Buck</location>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="57409EF60B7916487930FC8826A5FCCD" box="[357,511,842,868]" collectionCode="PACA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15731" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15731" name="Instituto Anchietano de Pesquisas/UNISINOS" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">PACA 11127</specimenCode>
); Mostardas,
<location id="023960560B7916487ACCFC892417FCCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B7916487ACCFC892417FCCD" box="[665,845,842,869]" country="Brazil" county="Grings" longitude="-30.798416" municipality="Paniz" name="Lagoa do Peixe" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Lagoa do Peixe</location>
,
<date id="7358104D0B7916487B0FFC882372FCCD" box="[858,1064,842,868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="1970-02-21">
<collectingDate id="631CE9A50B7916487B0FFC882372FCCD" box="[858,1064,842,868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="1970-02-21">21 February 1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487C60FC89224DFCCD" box="[1077,1303,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487C60FC892310FCCD" box="[1077,1098,843,868]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
.
<location id="023960560B7916487C03FC8923FFFCCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B7916487C03FC8923FFFCCD" box="[1110,1189,843,868]" country="Brazil" county="Grings" longitude="-30.798416" municipality="Paniz" name="Vianna" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Vianna</location>
et al. s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="57409EF60B7916487D72FC8822C5FCCC" box="[1319,1439,842,869]" collectionCode="ICN" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">ICN 7529</specimenCode>
); Porto Alegre, Morro Teresópolis,
<date id="7358104D0B7916487A5EFCAC25F3FC21" box="[523,681,878,905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="1980-05-27">
<collectingDate id="631CE9A50B7916487A5EFCAC25F3FC21" box="[523,681,878,905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="1980-05-27">27 May 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487AE3FCAD243BFC21" box="[694,865,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487AE3FCAD259DFC20" box="[694,711,879,905]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
.
<location id="023960560B7916487A80FCAD2474FC21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B7916487A80FCAD2474FC21" box="[725,814,879,904]" country="Brazil" county="Grings" longitude="-30.798416" municipality="Paniz" name="Martins" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Martins</location>
315
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487B26FCAC24F3FC21" box="[883,937,878,904]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">ICN</collectionCode>
);
<location id="023960560B7916487BEAFCAC23EDFC21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B7916487BEAFCAC23EDFC21" box="[959,1207,878,905]" country="Brazil" county="Grings" longitude="-30.798416" municipality="Paniz" name="Santana da Boa Vista" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Santana da Boa Vista</location>
,
<specimenCode id="57409EF60B7916487C90FCAD227BFC21" box="[1221,1313,878,905]" collectionCode="BR" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">BR 392</specimenCode>
, WGS 84
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487DC9FCAC22F6FC21" box="[1436,1452,878,904]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
30º47’54.3” W 053º11’24.9”,
<date id="7358104D0B7916487982FC5025EAFC05" box="[471,688,914,940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="2018-11-23">
<collectingDate id="631CE9A50B7916487982FC5025EAFC05" box="[471,688,914,940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="2018-11-23">23 November 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487AEFFC51258FFC05" box="[698,725,915,940]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487AEFFC51258FFC05" box="[698,725,915,940]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">M</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487A80FC512439FC05" box="[725,867,915,941]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
.
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B7916487A8AFC512405FC05" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876408" box="[735,863,915,941]" collectionCode="J" country="Brazil" location="Grings" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
<location id="023960560B7916487A8AFC512477FC04" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B7916487A8AFC512477FC04" box="[735,813,915,941]" country="Brazil" name="Grings" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Grings</location>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487B1AFC512405FC05" box="[847,863,915,940]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B7916487B3DFC50269EFC79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876468" collectingDate="2008-04-20" collectionCode="ICN, E" country="Brazil" county="Schaefer" location="Gruta Sao Tome" municipality="Sao Francisco de Assis" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487B3DFC502353FC05" box="[872,1033,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<collectingCounty id="EE384E010B7916487B3DFC502490FC05" box="[872,970,914,940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">Schaefer</collectingCounty>
1975
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487C42FC502317FC05" box="[1047,1101,914,940]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">ICN</collectionCode>
);
<collectingMunicipality id="E73DACF70B7916487C35FC50223BFC05" box="[1120,1377,914,940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">São Francisco de Assis</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="023960560B7916487D39FC5027A1FC79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B7916487D39FC5027A1FC79" country="Brazil" county="Schaefer" municipality="Sao Francisco de Assis" name="Gruta Sao Tome" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Gruta São Tomé</location>
,
<date id="7358104D0B7916487953FC7426FEFC79" box="[262,420,950,976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="2008-04-20">
<collectingDate id="631CE9A50B7916487953FC7426FEFC79" box="[262,420,950,976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" value="2008-04-20">20 April 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B79164879FAFC75269EFC79" box="[431,452,951,976]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B79164879FAFC75269EFC79" box="[431,452,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">E</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B7916487991FC752692FC79" box="[452,456,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B78E3CD00B791648799AFC74259AFC79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746876384" box="[463,704,950,976]" collectionCode="ICN" country="Brazil" location="Mundeleski" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
<emphasis id="3592EA9F0B791648799AFC742529FC79" box="[463,627,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">
<location id="023960560B791648799AFC74250AFC79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F4F879B0B79164878DDFF5C259EFC79:023960560B791648799AFC74250AFC79" box="[463,592,950,976]" country="Brazil" name="Mundeleski" pageId="9" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Mundeleski</location>
58
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="61F7AE480B7916487AD7FC7425E2FC79" box="[642,696,950,976]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="9" pageNumber="114">ICN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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