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<document id="49ADBDB2922B25578F2633AA29F0E688" ID-CLB-Dataset="37318" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.245827" ID-GBIF-Dataset="69cf893c-7b35-48e8-ad78-d9775626f287" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="245827" ID-ZooBank="9345C596-8656-4B5C-AD8C-2FACF4E9240C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484506177574" checkinUser="GgServerImporter" docAuthor="Blake, James A." docDate="2017" docId="8F2387DD0660097AFF31F885FD74FA5D" docLanguage="en" docName="Zootaxa.4218.1.001-145" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4218 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day 1954" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="120" masterDocId="731AFFA50615090DFFA6FFEBFFDCFFC0" masterDocTitle="Polychaeta Orbiniidae from Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, the Abyssal Pacific Ocean, and off South America" masterLastPageNumber="145" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="118" updateTime="1698435671898" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8CF0B5691685D8288C3D551EBA16A399">Polychaeta Orbiniidae from Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, the Abyssal Pacific Ocean, and off South America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="721F134F4C83A5C97519201573D73576">Blake, James A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C74012881FF624F557227ECB1E3CFB72">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="8F2387DD0660097AFF31F885FD74FA5D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4901841" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127421986" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4901841" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F2387DD0660097AFF31F885FD74FA5D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F2387DD0660097AFF31F885FD74FA5D" lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">
<subSubSection id="4F90654006600978FF31F885FEDFF86A" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="073536CB06600978FF31F885FD83F848" blockId="117.[151,607,1902,1962]" box="[151,607,1902,1928]" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">
<heading id="5C7D81A706600978FF31F885FD83F848" bold="true" box="[151,607,1902,1928]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D4806600978FF31F885FD83F848" ID-CoL="4MVBL" authority="Day, 1954" authorityName="Day" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,607,1902,1928]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cygnochaetus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD906600978FF31F885FD83F848" bold="true" box="[151,607,1902,1928]" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD906600978FF31F885FE02F848" bold="true" box="[151,478,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">Proscoloplos cygnochaetus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A06600978FE42F885FD83F848" author="Day" box="[484,607,1902,1928]" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" refString="Day, J. H. (1954) The Polychaete of Tristan da Cunha 1937 - 1938. Results of the Norwegian Expedition to Tristan da Cunha 1937 - 1937, No. 29, 1 - 35. Oslo." type="book chapter" year="1954">Day, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="073536CB06600978FF31F87AFEDFF86A" blockId="117.[151,607,1902,1962]" box="[151,259,1937,1962]" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">
<figureCitation id="9FB12A4E06600978FF31F87AFEDFF86A" box="[151,259,1937,1962]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="118.[151,249,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,279,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@118.[151,1436,257,1633]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="FIGURE 58. Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end dorsal view another specimen; C, posterior end, dorsal view; D, parapodium from middle of body (setiger 20); E, neuropodial setal fascicle showing capillaries and swan hooks; F, swan hook. A, D – E, (USNM 65240); B – C, F (USNM 1407115)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245884/files/figure.png" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">Figure 58</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4F9065400660097BFF31F832FD62FF0C" lastPageId="118" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="073536CB06600978FF31F832FAFDF82F" blockId="117.[151,1313,2009,2031]" box="[151,1313,2009,2031]" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="279A11E506600978FF31F832FAFDF82F" box="[151,1313,2009,2031]" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D4806600978FF31F832FD9EF82F" ID-CoL="4MVBL" authority="Day, 1954: 21" authorityName="Day" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,578,2009,2031]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cygnochaetus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD906600978FF31F832FE70F82F" box="[151,428,2009,2031]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">Proscoloplos cygnochaetus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="862B10DA06600978FE14F831FD9EF82F" author="Day" box="[434,578,2009,2031]" page="21" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" year="1954">
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A06600978FE14F831FDC1F82F" author="Day" box="[434,541,2009,2031]" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" refString="Day, J. H. (1954) The Polychaete of Tristan da Cunha 1937 - 1938. Results of the Norwegian Expedition to Tristan da Cunha 1937 - 1937, No. 29, 1 - 35. Oslo." type="book chapter" year="1954">Day, 1954</bibRefCitation>
: 21
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="9FB12A4E06600978FDEBF832FD5AF82F" box="[589,646,2009,2031]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,249,1544,1566]" captionTargetBox="[172,1422,204,1506]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1523]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Berkeleyia abyssala n. sp. Holotype (USNM 56500). A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior abdominal parapodium (setiger 12), posterior view; C, furcate seta; D, abdominal neuropodial spine." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245830/files/figure.png" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a–f; 1967: 538, fig. 23.1 E–G;
<treatmentCitation id="862B10DA06600978FC19F831FB74F82F" author="Meyer" box="[959,1192,2009,2031]" page="879" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A06600978FC19F831FBABF82F" author="Meyer" box="[959,1143,2009,2031]" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" refString="Meyer, A., Bleidorn, C., Rouse, G. W. &amp; Hausen, H. (2008) Morphological and molecular data suggest a cosmopolitan distribution of the polychaete Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954 (Annelida, Orbiniidae). Marine Biology, 153, 879 - 889." type="journal article" year="2008">
Meyer
<emphasis id="35FEEAD906600978FBAEF831FBE7F82F" box="[1032,1083,2009,2031]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
: 879
</treatmentCitation>
–889, fig. 1.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="073536CB0663097BFF31FF73FD62FF0C" blockId="118.[151,1150,152,204]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="279A11E50663097BFF31FF73FD62FF0C" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480663097BFF31FF73FD1DFF6E" ID-CoL="856NF" authority="Hartmann-Schroder, 1962b:133" authorityName="Hartmann-Schroder" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1962" box="[151,705,152,174]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90663097BFF31FF73FEA7FF6E" box="[151,379,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Proscoloplos confusus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="862B10DA0663097BFE27FF73FD1DFF6E" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[385,705,152,174]" page="133" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" year="1962">
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0663097BFE27FF73FD44FF6E" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[385,664,152,174]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1962 b) Die Polychaeten des Eulitorals. In: G. Hartmann-Schroder &amp; Hartmann, G. (Eds.), Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der chilenischen Pazifikkuste und der argentinischen Kuste, Sudpatgoniens unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museums und Instituts, Supplement, 60, 57 - 167, 228 figures." type="book chapter" year="1962" yearSuffix="b">Hartmann-Schröder, 1962b</bibRefCitation>
:133
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–134, figs. 161–162;
<treatmentCitation id="862B10DA0663097BFC3CFF73FBA6FF6E" author="Rozbaczylo" box="[922,1146,152,174]" page="131" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0663097BFC3CFF73FB93FF6E" author="Rozbaczylo" box="[922,1103,152,174]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" refString="Rozbaczylo, N. (1985) Los Anelidos Poliquetos de Chile. Indice Sinonimico y distribucion geografica de especies. Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Monografias Biologicas, No. 3, 1 - 284." type="book chapter" year="1985">Rozbaczylo 1985</bibRefCitation>
:131
</treatmentCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480663097BFF31FF5DFD59FF0C" ID-CoL="856ND" authority="Kelaher &amp; Rouse, 2003: 909" authorityName="Kelaher &amp; Rouse" authorityPageNumber="909" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,645,182,204]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bondi">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90663097BFF31FF5DFE80FF0C" box="[151,348,182,204]" italics="true" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Proscoloplos bondi</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="862B10DA0663097BFEC4FF5DFD59FF0C" author="Kelaher" box="[354,645,182,204]" page="909" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0663097BFEC4FF5DFD88FF0C" author="Kelaher" box="[354,596,182,204]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" refString="Kelaher, B. P. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2003) The role of colonization in determining spatial patterns of Proscoloplos bondi sp. nov. (Orbiniidae: Annelida) in coralline algal turf. Marine Biology, 143, 909 - 917." type="journal article" year="2003">Kelaher &amp; Rouse, 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 909
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–917.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="53F566430663097BFF31F99DFB80F909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245884/files/figure.png" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" targetBox="[168,1409,279,1620]" targetPageId="118">
<paragraph id="073536CB0663097BFF31F99DFB80F909" blockId="118.[151,1436,1654,1737]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90663097BFF31F99DFEF8F94C" bold="true" box="[151,292,1654,1676]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">FIGURE 58.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480663097BFE96F99DFD14F94C" authority="Day, 1954" authorityName="Day" authorityYear="1954" box="[304,712,1654,1676]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cygnochaetus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90663097BFE96F99DFD97F94C" box="[304,587,1654,1676]" italics="true" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Proscoloplos cygnochaetus</emphasis>
Day, 1954
</taxonomicName>
. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end dorsal view another specimen; C, posterior end, dorsal view; D, parapodium from middle of body (setiger 20); E, neuropodial setal fascicle showing capillaries and swan hooks; F, swan hook. A, D–E, (USNM 65240); B–C, F (USNM 1407115).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="4F9065400663097BFF31F91DFEBDF8BB" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="073536CB0663097BFF31F91DFEBDF8BB" blockId="118.[151,1436,1782,2023]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<materialsCitation id="B7E23C960663097BFF31F91DFAA7F8CF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424727959" box="[151,1403,1782,1807]" collectionCode="USNM" county="Anton Bruun Cruise" elevation="27" location="Material" municipality="Juan Fernandez Islands" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" specimenCode="USNM 60646" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90663097BFF31F91DFE5CF8CF" bold="true" box="[151,384,1782,1807]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<location id="025560100663097BFF31F91DFF23F8CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F2387DD0660097AFF31F885FD74FA5D:025560100663097BFF31F91DFF23F8CF" box="[151,255,1782,1807]" county="Anton Bruun Cruise" municipality="Juan Fernandez Islands" name="Material" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Material</location>
examined.
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="E751ACB10663097BFE21F91CFD53F8CF" box="[391,655,1782,1807]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Juan Fernandez Islands</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="EE544E470663097BFD3DF91DFCA7F8CF" box="[667,891,1782,1807]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90663097BFD3DF91DFCF7F8CE" box="[667,811,1782,1806]" italics="true" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Anton Bruun</emphasis>
Cruise
</collectingCounty>
12, Sta. 65-240, 24–
<quantity id="C0729B2E0663097BFBC0F91CFB7CF8CE" box="[1126,1184,1783,1807]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" unit="m" value="27.0">
<elevation id="8CA7D1F80663097BFBC0F91CFB7CF8CE" box="[1126,1184,1783,1807]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (1,
<specimenCode id="572C9EB00663097BFB74F91CFAAFF8CF" box="[1234,1395,1782,1807]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<collectionCode id="619BAE0E0663097BFB74F91CFAFFF8CF" box="[1234,1315,1783,1807]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">USNM</collectionCode>
60646
</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.—
<materialsCitation id="B7E23C960663097BFF31F8F0FE9DF897" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424727960" collectionCode="USNM" country="Chile" county="Anton Bruun Cruise" location="Juan Fernandez Islands" municipality="Punta Suroeste" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" specimenCode="USNM 65240" specimenCount="1">
<location id="025560100663097BFF31F8F0FE7DF8F3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F2387DD0660097AFF31F885FD74FA5D:025560100663097BFF31F8F0FE7DF8F3" box="[151,417,1818,1843]" country="Chile" county="Anton Bruun Cruise" municipality="Punta Suroeste" name="Juan Fernandez Islands" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Juan Fernandez Islands</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="7F9D765B0663097BFE08F8F1FE37F8F3" box="[430,491,1818,1843]" name="Chile" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Chile</collectingCountry>
Bay, behind
<collectingMunicipality id="E751ACB10663097BFD25F8F0FCF2F8F3" box="[643,814,1819,1843]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Punta Suroeste</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="EE544E470663097BFC9DF8F0FBC1F8F3" box="[827,1053,1818,1843]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90663097BFC9DF8F0FC10F8F2" box="[827,972,1819,1842]" italics="true" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Anton Bruun</emphasis>
Cruise
</collectingCounty>
12, Sta. 134, shallow subtidal (1,
<specimenCode id="572C9EB00663097BFF31F8D4FEE5F897" box="[151,313,1854,1879]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<collectionCode id="619BAE0E0663097BFF31F8D4FF34F897" box="[151,232,1855,1879]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">USNM</collectionCode>
65240
</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="B7E23C960663097BFEE2F8D5FB72F897" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424727946" box="[324,1198,1854,1879]" collectionCode="SAO, USNM" country="Argentina" location="Golfo San Matias" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" specimenCode="USNM 1407115" specimenCount="1">
—
<collectingCountry id="7F9D765B0663097BFEC7F8D5FE09F897" box="[353,469,1854,1879]" name="Argentina" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="025560100663097BFE45F8D5FD6CF896" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F2387DD0660097AFF31F885FD74FA5D:025560100663097BFE45F8D5FD6CF896" box="[483,688,1854,1879]" country="Argentina" name="Golfo San Matias" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Golfo San Matías</location>
, IBM Sta.
<collectionCode id="619BAE0E0663097BFC89F8D4FCBBF897" box="[815,871,1855,1879]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2pta-s8y1" name="Sammlung Oberli" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">SAO</collectionCode>
V-201 (1,
<specimenCode id="572C9EB00663097BFC40F8D4FB7AF897" box="[998,1190,1854,1879]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<collectionCode id="619BAE0E0663097BFC40F8D4FBEBF897" box="[998,1079,1855,1879]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">USNM</collectionCode>
1407115
</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; Sta. SAO V-236 (1, USNM 1407116).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4F9065400663097AFF61F86DFDF5FE35" lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" type="description">
<paragraph id="073536CB0663097AFF61F86DFB0FFF38" blockId="118.[151,1436,1782,2023]" lastBlockId="119.[151,1437,151,1437]" lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90663097BFF61F86DFE85F85F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1926,1951]" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Description.</emphasis>
A small species, present specimens
<quantity id="C0729B2E0663097BFCAEF86DFCBEF85E" box="[776,866,1926,1951]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="C0729B2E0663097BFC7AF86DFB98F85E" box="[988,1092,1926,1951]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
wide for up to 40 setigerous segments. Color in alcohol: opaque white. Body cylindrical throughout, slightly expanded in anterior setigers. Prostomium short, smoothly rounded on anterior margin; no eyespots; peristomium with two achaetous rings (
<figureCitation id="9FB12A4E0662097AFF39FF7CFF25FF70" box="[159,249,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="118.[151,249,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,279,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@118.[151,1436,257,1633]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="FIGURE 58. Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end dorsal view another specimen; C, posterior end, dorsal view; D, parapodium from middle of body (setiger 20); E, neuropodial setal fascicle showing capillaries and swan hooks; F, swan hook. A, D – E, (USNM 65240); B – C, F (USNM 1407115)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245884/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
A–B). Anterior parapodia all similar; thoracic and abdominal region demarcated by reduction of neuropodial lobes and appearance of neuropodial swan hooks on setiger 7–9. Branchiae from setigers 5–6 (
<figureCitation id="9FB12A4E0662097AFAC9FF57FF68FF38" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="118.[151,249,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,279,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@118.[151,1436,257,1633]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="FIGURE 58. Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end dorsal view another specimen; C, posterior end, dorsal view; D, parapodium from middle of body (setiger 20); E, neuropodial setal fascicle showing capillaries and swan hooks; F, swan hook. A, D – E, (USNM 65240); B – C, F (USNM 1407115)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245884/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
A–B). Body narrowing posteriorly; pygidium with two dorsal and two ventral cirri (
<figureCitation id="9FB12A4E0662097AFBC6FF34FB6FFF38" box="[1120,1203,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="118.[151,249,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,279,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@118.[151,1436,257,1633]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="FIGURE 58. Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end dorsal view another specimen; C, posterior end, dorsal view; D, parapodium from middle of body (setiger 20); E, neuropodial setal fascicle showing capillaries and swan hooks; F, swan hook. A, D – E, (USNM 65240); B – C, F (USNM 1407115)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245884/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
C).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="073536CB0662097AFF61FEEFFC76FE6D" blockId="119.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Notopodia of anterior and posterior setigers simple, with cirriform postsetal lobes (
<figureCitation id="9FB12A4E0662097AFB23FEEFFB06FEDD" box="[1157,1242,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="118.[151,249,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,279,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@118.[151,1436,257,1633]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="FIGURE 58. Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end dorsal view another specimen; C, posterior end, dorsal view; D, parapodium from middle of body (setiger 20); E, neuropodial setal fascicle showing capillaries and swan hooks; F, swan hook. A, D – E, (USNM 65240); B – C, F (USNM 1407115)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245884/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
D). Notosetae all crenulated capillaries; neurosetae of first 6–8 setigers all capillaries; two neuropodial swan hooks present from setiger 7–9 (
<figureCitation id="9FB12A4E0662097AFE85FEA7FEAAFEA5" box="[291,374,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="118.[151,249,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,279,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@118.[151,1436,257,1633]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="FIGURE 58. Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end dorsal view another specimen; C, posterior end, dorsal view; D, parapodium from middle of body (setiger 20); E, neuropodial setal fascicle showing capillaries and swan hooks; F, swan hook. A, D – E, (USNM 65240); B – C, F (USNM 1407115)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245884/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
E); superior hook accompanied by 2–3 delicate capillaries; superior hook distinctly larger than inferior hook and with more prominent apical teeth; hooks with large main fang surmounted by 3–5 apical teeth (
<figureCitation id="9FB12A4E0662097AFF39FE7FFF2DFE6D" box="[159,241,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="118.[151,249,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,279,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@118.[151,1436,257,1633]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="FIGURE 58. Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end dorsal view another specimen; C, posterior end, dorsal view; D, parapodium from middle of body (setiger 20); E, neuropodial setal fascicle showing capillaries and swan hooks; F, swan hook. A, D – E, (USNM 65240); B – C, F (USNM 1407115)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245884/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
E–F); shaft of both hooks bent, with swelling at point of bend.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="073536CB0662097AFF61FE5CFDF5FE35" blockId="119.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Branchiae from setiger 5–6, continuing to near posterior end of body; each branchia short, stubby, with several internal bacillary glands (
<figureCitation id="9FB12A4E0662097AFE13FE37FDD4FE35" box="[437,520,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="118.[151,249,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,279,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@118.[151,1436,257,1633]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="FIGURE 58. Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end dorsal view another specimen; C, posterior end, dorsal view; D, parapodium from middle of body (setiger 20); E, neuropodial setal fascicle showing capillaries and swan hooks; F, swan hook. A, D – E, (USNM 65240); B – C, F (USNM 1407115)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245884/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4F9065400662097AFF61FE14FB6AFAF0" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="073536CB0662097AFF61FE14FF2BFDA0" blockId="119.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFF61FE14FEE7FDD8" bold="true" box="[199,315,511,536]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Remarks.</emphasis>
The form of the neuropodial swan hooks readily differentiate this species from all other orbiniids from the area of study. These setae resemble long handled uncini found in other families, not known from any other orbiniid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="073536CB0662097AFF61FD87FE21FB04" blockId="119.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Three species of
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFE2EFD87FDC7FD44" box="[392,539,620,644]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFE2EFD87FDC7FD44" box="[392,539,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Proscoloplos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been described:
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFCB1FD86FC10FD44" box="[791,972,620,644]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cygnochaetus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFCB1FD86FC10FD44" box="[791,972,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. cygnochaetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Tristan de Cunha and South Africa by
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFF1BFD7BFEE7FD68" author="Day" box="[189,315,655,680]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Day, J. H. (1954) The Polychaete of Tristan da Cunha 1937 - 1938. Results of the Norwegian Expedition to Tristan da Cunha 1937 - 1937, No. 29, 1 - 35. Oslo." type="book chapter" year="1954">Day (1954</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFEECFD64FE5AFD68" author="Day" box="[330,390,655,680]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) A monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Pt. 2. Sedentaria. Publication 656, xvii + pp. 459 - 878. [figures 18.1 - 38.7. British Museum of Natural History, London.]" type="journal article" year="1967">1967</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFE3AFD7AFDC2FD68" box="[412,542,656,680]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFE3AFD7AFDC2FD68" box="[412,542,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. confusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Chile by
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFD71FD64FBC7FD68" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[727,1051,655,680]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1962 b) Die Polychaeten des Eulitorals. In: G. Hartmann-Schroder &amp; Hartmann, G. (Eds.), Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der chilenischen Pazifikkuste und der argentinischen Kuste, Sudpatgoniens unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museums und Instituts, Supplement, 60, 57 - 167, 228 figures." type="book chapter" year="1962" yearSuffix="b">Hartmann-Schröder (1962b)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFBFBFD7AFB60FD68" box="[1117,1212,656,680]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bondi">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFBFBFD7AFB60FD68" box="[1117,1212,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. bondi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from near Sydney, Australia by
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFE8EFD5FFD9DFD0C" author="Kelaher" box="[296,577,692,717]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Kelaher, B. P. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2003) The role of colonization in determining spatial patterns of Proscoloplos bondi sp. nov. (Orbiniidae: Annelida) in coralline algal turf. Marine Biology, 143, 909 - 917." type="journal article" year="2003">Kelaher &amp; Rouse (2003)</bibRefCitation>
. All three species are similar morphologically with the main characters used to separate them being minor differences in the form of the swan hooks and the segmental occurrence of branchiae and hooks.
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFE84FD17FD9AFCD4" author="Kelaher" box="[290,582,764,789]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Kelaher, B. P. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2003) The role of colonization in determining spatial patterns of Proscoloplos bondi sp. nov. (Orbiniidae: Annelida) in coralline algal turf. Marine Biology, 143, 909 - 917." type="journal article" year="2003">Kelaher &amp; Rouse (2003)</bibRefCitation>
examined hundreds of specimens of their
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFBE3FD16FB7AFCD4" box="[1093,1190,764,788]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bondi">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFBE3FD16FB7AFCD4" box="[1093,1190,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. bondi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as part of year-long collections and did not find any evidence of gametes. These authors did, however, find evidence of asexual reproduction and regeneration.
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFE5EFCAEFD08FC9C" box="[504,724,836,861]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Meyer, A., Bleidorn, C., Rouse, G. W. &amp; Hausen, H. (2008) Morphological and molecular data suggest a cosmopolitan distribution of the polychaete Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954 (Annelida, Orbiniidae). Marine Biology, 153, 879 - 889." type="journal article">
Meyer
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFDEFFCAEFD5EFC9C" box="[585,642,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
(2008)
</bibRefCitation>
identified specimens of
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFC4CFCAFFBA1FC9C" box="[1002,1149,836,860]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFC4CFCAFFBA1FC9C" box="[1002,1149,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Proscoloplos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the French Atlantic coast and initiated a study to compare morphology using SEM and molecular markers ITS1 and ITS2 of specimens from France,
<materialsCitation id="B7E23C960662097AFE97FC67FDB0FC65" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424727952" box="[305,620,908,933]" country="Australia" location="South Africa" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" specimenCount="1">
<location id="025560100662097AFE97FC67FE18FC65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F2387DD0660097AFF31F885FD74FA5D:025560100662097AFE97FC67FE18FC65" box="[305,452,908,933]" country="Australia" name="South Africa" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">South Africa</location>
, and
<collectingCountry id="7F9D765B0662097AFDA4FC67FDB0FC65" box="[514,620,908,933]" name="Australia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Australia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="B7E23C960662097AFDDEFC67FB28FC65" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424727958" box="[632,1268,908,933]" country="Chile" location="Chile" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
SEM was used for a
<typeStatus id="D83188690662097AFCC1FC66FC1BFC65" box="[871,967,909,933]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFC49FC66FBB2FC64" box="[1007,1134,908,932]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFC49FC66FBB2FC64" box="[1007,1134,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. confusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="7F9D765B0662097AFB12FC67FB28FC65" box="[1204,1268,908,933]" name="Chile" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Chile</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="B7E23C960662097AFAA6FC66FE21FB04" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424727940" country="Australia" location="No" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="No" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="C54EF8290662097AFAA6FC66FAFEFC64" box="[1280,1314,909,932]" country="Haiti" name="Nord" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">No</collectingRegion>
characters were identified to support three species and the molecular results did not result in any clades separating the three widespread populations that would support the retention of three distinct species.
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFBECFC3EFAF1FC2C" box="[1098,1325,980,1005]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Meyer, A., Bleidorn, C., Rouse, G. W. &amp; Hausen, H. (2008) Morphological and molecular data suggest a cosmopolitan distribution of the polychaete Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954 (Annelida, Orbiniidae). Marine Biology, 153, 879 - 889." type="journal article">
Meyer
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFB3BFC3EFB05FC2C" box="[1181,1241,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
(2008)
</bibRefCitation>
therefore suggested that both
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFE27FC12FDDEFBD0" box="[385,514,1016,1040]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFE27FC12FDDEFBD0" box="[385,514,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. confusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFDE6FC12FD43FBD0" box="[576,671,1016,1040]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bondi">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFDE6FC12FD43FBD0" box="[576,671,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. bondi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFC2EFC12FB9CFBD0" box="[904,1088,1016,1040]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cygnochaetus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFC2EFC12FB9CFBD0" box="[904,1088,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. cygnochaetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These authors also found no evidence of gametes in any materials examined but did find regenerating specimens in the French populations. Habitats recorded for the species in
<collectingCountry id="7F9D765B0662097AFD98FBD4FD79FB98" box="[574,677,1087,1112]" name="Australia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Australia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="7F9D765B0662097AFD44FBABFCF3FB97" box="[738,815,1088,1111]" name="France" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">France</collectingCountry>
included turf algae.
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFB85FBD4FAB9FB98" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[1059,1381,1087,1112]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1962 b) Die Polychaeten des Eulitorals. In: G. Hartmann-Schroder &amp; Hartmann, G. (Eds.), Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der chilenischen Pazifikkuste und der argentinischen Kuste, Sudpatgoniens unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museums und Instituts, Supplement, 60, 57 - 167, 228 figures." type="book chapter" year="1962" yearSuffix="b">Hartmann-Schroder (1962b)</bibRefCitation>
also reported
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFF5BFB8EFEA0FBBC" box="[253,380,1124,1148]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFF5BFB8EFEA0FBBC" box="[253,380,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. confusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from intertidal algae. In order to account for the widespread distribution of
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFB40FB8EFEACFB60" authority="Meyer et al. (2008)" authorityName="Meyer et al." authorityYear="2008" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cygnochaetus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFB40FB8EFA40FBBC" box="[1254,1436,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. cygnochaetus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFF31FB62FEACFB60" box="[151,368,1160,1185]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Meyer, A., Bleidorn, C., Rouse, G. W. &amp; Hausen, H. (2008) Morphological and molecular data suggest a cosmopolitan distribution of the polychaete Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954 (Annelida, Orbiniidae). Marine Biology, 153, 879 - 889." type="journal article">
Meyer
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFF41FB62FEC4FB60" box="[231,280,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al</emphasis>
. (2008)
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
suggested that algal growth on the hulls of ships could provide a comparable habitat to support short or long-distance transport.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="073536CB0662097AFF61FB24FB6AFAF0" blockId="119.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
The specimens examined here exhibited branchiae from setigers 5–6 and swan hooks from setigers 7–9 which is within the range of variability reported by
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFD2EFB1FFC46FACC" author="Kelaher" box="[648,922,1268,1293]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Kelaher, B. P. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2003) The role of colonization in determining spatial patterns of Proscoloplos bondi sp. nov. (Orbiniidae: Annelida) in coralline algal turf. Marine Biology, 143, 909 - 917." type="journal article" year="2003">Kelaher &amp; Rouse (2003)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="631B4B3A0662097AFC69FB1EFB77FACC" box="[975,1195,1268,1293]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Meyer, A., Bleidorn, C., Rouse, G. W. &amp; Hausen, H. (2008) Morphological and molecular data suggest a cosmopolitan distribution of the polychaete Proscoloplos cygnochaetus Day, 1954 (Annelida, Orbiniidae). Marine Biology, 153, 879 - 889." type="journal article">
Meyer
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFBB9FB1EFB8AFACC" box="[1055,1110,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
(2008)
</bibRefCitation>
. I conclude therefore, that Chilean specimens described as
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFD94FAF2FD73FAF0" box="[562,687,1304,1328]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFD94FAF2FD73FAF0" box="[562,687,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. confusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are in fact synonymous with
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFC5DFAF2FB6AFAF0" box="[1019,1206,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicName id="C08A4D480662097AFC5DFAF2FB6EFAF0" box="[1019,1202,1304,1328]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Proscoloplos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cygnochaetus">P. cygnochaetus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4F9065400662097AFF61FAD7FD74FA5D" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="073536CB0662097AFF61FAD7FD74FA5D" blockId="119.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="35FEEAD90662097AFF61FAD7FEBCFA95" bold="true" box="[199,352,1340,1365]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Distribution.</emphasis>
Chilean coast, intertidal with algae; off the Chilean coast and Juan Fernandez Islands, shallow subtidal,
<quantity id="C0729B2E0662097AFF59FA8BFEE0FAB7" box="[255,316,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
;
<collectingCountry id="7F9D765B0662097AFEEFFAB4FE67FAB8" box="[329,443,1375,1400]" name="Argentina" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, subtidal. Also from NSW
<collectingCountry id="7F9D765B0662097AFD54FAB4FC80FAB8" box="[754,860,1375,1400]" name="Australia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="7F9D765B0662097AFCCEFAB4FC20FAB8" box="[872,1020,1375,1400]" name="South Africa" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, and the French coast in intertidal to shallow subtidal habitats associated with algae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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