475 lines
56 KiB
XML
475 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="A714797B4C520D811D69A3511BD77F9D" ID-CLB-Dataset="28693" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bcdbe5f4-2f0e-4240-8727-64b6c91db94a" ID-PMC="PMC4926649" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-591-1" ID-PubMed="27408541" ID-ZooBank="DD65A7BB1B834CB298BA7E8E2257FA4F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-591-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 591" ModsDocTitle="A revision of Chilicola (Heteroediscelis), a subgenus of xeromelissine bees (Hymenoptera, Colletidae) endemic to Chile: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography, with descriptions of eight new species" checkinTime="1463833188709" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Monckton, Spencer K." docDate="2016" docId="8C291280FFB745DCBF24E27F252A3CF0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 591: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 591" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731" docTitle="Chilicola (Heteroediscelis) deserticola Toro & Moldenke 1979" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="FFFED84DD544452EFFC446356171FFFD" masterDocTitle="A revision of Chilicola (Heteroediscelis), a subgenus of xeromelissine bees (Hymenoptera, Colletidae) endemic to Chile: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography, with descriptions of eight new species" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1701383329186" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="BE3C118ED7D304E19C03AA64E1936725">
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<mods:title id="3700C20DAB3A73771B46C2991BA0EB63">A revision of Chilicola (Heteroediscelis), a subgenus of xeromelissine bees (Hymenoptera, Colletidae) endemic to Chile: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography, with descriptions of eight new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4EAAC10FFEE73626B556623A65BD8DE2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1036D600258900E9B2E85DA2E3875037">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A607488F1033A0EABAD7BEA23E60244B">Monckton, Spencer K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B90C1308FBFBEE6E46E85583610AC866">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A252442593F8BDD4CE5AAC8F9D1D2D05">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B917B65966E6AE829AA8D2CD58935A78">
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<mods:date id="9CD339E05FD30B4D46BD84A8F115F100">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B58C32C9A040F9F13090ADDFC77BC40C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4BFDA3789D87E3A199C23F3C65EC676D">591</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="FE83996EBA798CA9AF84E2B180A442CF">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="B4B30024FB085651D4AADEF0461B1F9B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="44A1EB5FC9BA8843DD2E2F2B736969F2" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F66C704747F81022091A070ABB8FA3AE" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-591-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D8973F151BBC969747D42499D530A066" type="ZooBank">DD65A7BB1B834CB298BA7E8E2257FA4F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="8C291280FFB745DCBF24E27F252A3CF0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="150886266" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8C291280FFB745DCBF24E27F252A3CF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C291280FFB745DCBF24E27F252A3CF0" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="A513E5A6E6C16B07B7B4FBCF3E7121F8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="23C9E07432177E68664A3BA8059AF225" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<pageBreakToken id="ED31512CB36957B90C790D6033092B33" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Hymenoptera Colletidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="581B8A5599A9426BFC1E8943ECE6A53D" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FC10C7199435F4845B708500B1AA24CF" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName id="BA0E65DB4201E17FD622C5EABF92174E" ID-CoL="TZVD" authority="Toro & Moldenke, 1979" authorityName="Toro & Moldenke" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola (Heteroediscelis) deserticola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deserticola" subGenus="Heteroediscelis">Chilicola (Heteroediscelis) deserticola Toro & Moldenke, 1979</taxonomicName>
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Figs 11
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<normalizedToken id="250737460192B39EA3FCA54F86E4BD57" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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; 15F; 16
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<normalizedToken id="ABD44BC35C81A86D5B7444F2430BCF09" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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; 17B; 29
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<normalizedToken id="7554834C63A74148E226BD9ABDF2DB4B" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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; 31
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<normalizedToken id="750C6D6F10AF731F16D9FCABE9F7E786" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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; 35
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<normalizedToken id="DE41393AAFD136E0C305286ADE5FABBB" originalValue="A–J">A-J</normalizedToken>
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; 49
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="129D24DA48A29F395C92CB86E2635BDB" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5B364B2DDC05872159DDCABA39D58C60" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="9ED26D7D8545FF0764C69F1965C74656" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola deserticola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deserticola">
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<pageBreakToken id="45D6C83410B729258BA9867B57522432" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">Chilicola</pageBreakToken>
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deserticola
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</taxonomicName>
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Toro & Moldenke, 1979: 121-122 (male holotype, AMNH [examined]).
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<bibRefCitation id="85677C65F5DB6E951BF30E9B1989E6B9" author="Packer, L" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="72 - 96" title="Phylogeny and classification of the Xeromelissinae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Colletidae) with special emphasis on the genus Chilicola." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.2007.00398.x" volume="33" year="2008">Packer 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 77. Montalva and Ruz 2010: 28 (checklist).
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<bibRefCitation id="15F2F5B33D53E4276FD2EED06B01F387" author="Moure, JS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" title="Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region - online version" url="http://www.moure.cria.org.br/catalogue" year="2012">Moure et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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(catalogue).
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<bibRefCitation id="C37048E1DF86A1C3081849768AB677C6" author="Ascher, JS" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" title="Discover Life Bee Species Guide and World Checklist (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila)" url="http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?guide=Apoidea_species" year="2015">Ascher and Pickering 2015</bibRefCitation>
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(checklist).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="55C471D5AB3721EFCCB2E8C966E7ABBF" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="1298B7C5542D8685EF13FC3644DA6809" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7126A835479DEC73AFC5EFEDC12B4CFC" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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Males are diagnosable by the combination of malar space short (<0.5
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<normalizedToken id="2A6B136F14F3E80710B2AE60EF8EA702" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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clypeal lateral), mesobasitarsus mostly yellow, and metatibia with the combination of ventral carina extending full length of longitudinal concavity and toothed, posterior carina absent basally and originating in apical half of ventral carina, and apical lamina reduced (~0.5OD in length). Females are diagnosable by the combination of the malar space short (~0.4
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<normalizedToken id="7B9704BAD00C4EC87E64CCFF292C12E8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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clypeal lateral), frontal area without longitudinal depressions which partially accommodate the scape, and clypeus evenly and moderately densely punctate throughout (i=1-2d). Among consubgeners,
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<taxonomicName id="A7D90B5AB29B6B1CF2418652BE9FE644" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola mantagua" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mantagua">Chilicola mantagua</taxonomicName>
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is most similar, but can be differentiated in both sexes by the longer malar space (≥0.5
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<normalizedToken id="F971CDE4E527C7E34DB69E3979CEE10E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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clypeal lateral) and by the characters given in the key.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="63445E2E4553EF27A7946E0267694DBE" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BC8BBEF914D2D60018561BD007B128A9" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A6C6C45977A5EE99F39BC272C004E939" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Male. Length 4.3-5.5mm, forewing length 2.7-3.3mm, head width 1.0-1.2mm, thorax width 1.0-1.3mm, median ocellar diameter (OD) 0.10-0.12mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="21A2EE71801B4BFFFC2627DD8A231013" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Colouration: Black-brown, following parts yellow: labrum; clypeus except narrowly dark along epistomal suture near anterior tentorial pit and apex usually brown laterad; lower paraocular area extending ~OD above transverse portion of epistomal suture medially, further laterally and nearly reaching lower tangent of antennal socket; apicoventral surface of scape; apical one-third of profemur on anterior surface, apical quarter on posterior surface; protibia except dark medioventrally; protarsus; broad apical ring on mesofemur, wider anteriorly; broad basal and apical rings on mesotibia, expanded to basal and apical one-third or continuous on dorsal margin; mesobasitarsus ventrally to entirely; wide apical ring on metafemur; basal quarter and apical quarter of metatibia, apical colouration extending to summit of ventral convexity; metabasitarsus ventrally and at least basal one-third dorsally; anterior spot on tegula. Following parts yellow-brown: apicoventral surface of pedicel; ventral surface of antenna from F1 to terminal flagellomere, narrowing basally on F1; protrochanter apical rim posteriorly; apical one-third of mesodistitarsus. Apicoventral rim of metacoxa and metatrochanter brown. Ventral metatibial carina black. Metasoma dark brown, T1-T7 marginal zones yellow-brown to translucent yellow at margins.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D08541AB19E25150E609234D3826AA2C" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pubescence: White, hairs generally short (0.5OD) and sparse, not especially plumose; on lower paraocular area and around antennal base moderately long and moderately dense (1OD); genal beard long and dense (0.5-2OD) longest at midlength; discs of mesoscutum, scutellum, and metanotum mostly bare, few short hairs (0.5OD), longer and denser toward lateral margin as follows: mesoscutum (0.5-1OD), scutellum (1-1.5OD) also on posterior margin, longest posteromedially, metanotum (≤2OD); propodeal hairs moderately long and dense dorsolaterally (0.5-1.5OD); T1-T3 apicolateral patches of tomentum (0.5-1OD); S2 hairs long and dense (1.5OD basolaterad, 0.5OD distilaterad, shorter mesad).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5A46AA3AE491F241E09AE9DE9B65B97D" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<pageBreakToken id="63A581FD113E5840CFB3E6008AF572DB" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">Surface</pageBreakToken>
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sculpture: Microsculpture imbricate, integument generally dull; punctures generally small and deep. Clypeus and supraclypeal area moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) except supraclypeal area more densely punctate toward lateral margin (i≤d); lower paraocular area densely punctate (i=d); frontal area very densely punctate (i≤0.5d), densely punctate around ocelli (i≤d); ocellocular space moderately densely punctate adjacent to compound eye (i=1-2d) becoming impunctate adjacent to lateral ocellus; vertexal area densely punctate (i≤d); scape shallowly and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) densely punctate apicoventrally (i≤d); genal area microstriate and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); hypostomal area weakly imbricate and densely punctate (i=d); pronotum densely punctate (i=0.5-1d) lateral surface coarsely imbricate; mesoscutum and scutellum moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) punctures crowded around median (i≤d); mesepisternum irregularly punctate, sparse below scrobe and anterior of episternal groove (i=1-3d), irregularly spaced in hypoepimeral area (i≤3d); metanotum densely punctate (i=0.5-1d) punctures crowded around median and anteriorly (i≤0.5d); metepisternum densely punctate (i≤d) distinctly longitudinally striate anterodorsally; metapostnotum rugose, minutely so and weakly microsculptured posteriorly; propodeum coarsely imbricate, moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); T1-T5 coarsely imbricate; T1-T3 moderately densely punctate (i≤2d); T4 moderately densely punctate (i=1-3d); T5 sparsely punctate (i≥2d); T6 sparsely punctate (i≥2d), coarsely imbricate posteriorly; T7 moderately sparsely punctate (i≥2d); marginal zones of terga weakly imbricate and shiny, minutely punctate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D8E99C60C155D438D2D9AD3B29DE1F2" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Structure: Labrum 3
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<normalizedToken id="4886E2942E3E9A09BE6246ABFEAA3DA4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than long (21:7); malar space ~0.3
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<normalizedToken id="25E7801E316C877E45B98430F14C0CFD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as clypeal lateral (2:7); LOT below anterior tentorial pits; length of clypeus subequal to maximum width in frontal view (29:28) extending for approximately one third of its length beyond LOT; clypeus lacking median longitudinal groove; subantennal sutures ~1.15
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<normalizedToken id="CE9BAFEFA44A73DB78CBF5B4D4BB1C6C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as the shortest distance between them (14:12); IAD 1.6
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<normalizedToken id="E6473C28635F2BD5F11C2921C89D34A3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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AOD (12:7.5); scape ~2.5
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<normalizedToken id="1D06BD0DFF504A95BBFB55BBCFDC6496" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as maximum width (22:9); pedicel shorter than wide (7:8); F1 shorter than wide (6.5:8.5); F2 ~1.4
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<normalizedToken id="F56BE9B096828E21484D8F624C1C8F9E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as F1 and subequal in length to F3 (F2:F3 - 9:9.5); UOD ~1.5
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<normalizedToken id="504AAE038CB763708E9287B393C003BC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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LOD, IOD ~1.1
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<normalizedToken id="B73D274BA9B0DB258C311E104B6F6903" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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UOD (UOD:IOD:LOD - 48:52:33); frontal line carinate in lower half, flat above; MOC shorter than width of head (79:84); OOC ~0.67
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<normalizedToken id="9EF9E7FF67D977DF6B0B3F8B6C1E9B20" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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IOC (12:18); genal area ~0.67
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<normalizedToken id="1A5D23FC7BEF8742EE4ED7B51E9E3E0D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as compound eye in lateral view (18:28); ratio of lengths of mesoscutum: scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum - 56:20:11:14; probasitarsus 4
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<normalizedToken id="B747A62EDEB5F690FD8ED352D5AA1EE4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as maximum depth (20:5); prodistitarsus 0.8
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<normalizedToken id="7E34B092E1A3D3F6672275EC4F82B1DA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as preceding three tarsomeres combined (from II to V - 6:5:4:12); metafemur ~1.75
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<normalizedToken id="4D99279E17A1ED7032C2835568003E54" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as maximum depth (60:34); summit of metatibial ventral convexity at approximately two-thirds of its length; metatibia ~2.2
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<normalizedToken id="0A09AA101AC03E5D1D71FE00E4388A31" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as maximum depth (54:25); in apical view apical lamina of metatibia reduced, length ~0.5
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<normalizedToken id="5C1A761F77FC1CAD179E7B48A09A1525" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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OD (4:9), short and thick; ventral metatibial carina angled ventrad, somewhat laminate, rounded inflection near midpoint, posterior carina absent basally and originating in apical half of ventral carina; metabasitarsus 3.4
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<normalizedToken id="F50E3D0C49FC56B8DE9A4E92CA953545" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as maximum depth (34:10); S1 process apical surface longitudinally concave, in lateral view anterior and posterior margins convergent apically. S7 apodemal arm sclerotized margin terminating laterally at arm midlength; ventral lobe narrow, almost linear; dorsal lobe strap-like, subparallel-sided and somewhat anteriorly curved, with basal tuft of long setae and short apical
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<pageBreakToken id="A01A670DFAF48D32CBAB54645355C467" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" start="start">row</pageBreakToken>
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, midlength bare. S8 lateral process ~0.9
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<normalizedToken id="934846244BDEB2B70A3E0C5F0EC3A5B3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as long, anteromedial sclerotized margin following marginal contour. Gonobase apicoventral truncate process biconvex and distinctly notched by ~2
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<normalizedToken id="3F7682116D0080E627E92635E4955871" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width of one convexity.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B5336FD5A0A9EFC73A0A5D45E47AD1B" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<pageBreakToken id="A6C187E83F7A964A9398F65B9356C093" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">Female</pageBreakToken>
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. Length 4.5-5.0mm, forewing length 2.4-3.0mm, head width 0.9-1.0mm, thorax width 1.0-1.2mm, median ocellar diameter (OD) 0.09-0.11mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F8B8EA250F04FEDC3CD09E388C279B86" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Colouration: Black to black-brown except as follows: mandible with yellow basal spot, otherwise translucent yellow to yellow except apex translucent brown. Following parts brown: apicoventral margin of pedicel and F1; posterior apical rim of metatibia (yellow-brown on some specimens). Following parts yellow: apicoventral surface of F2; ventral surface of antenna from F3 to terminal flagellomere, suffused with yellow-brown basally; dorsal surface of protibia, narrow basal and apical rings; probasitarsus; apical two-thirds of prodistitarsus; wide basal ring and narrow apical ring on mesotibia; mesobasitarsus ventrally; ventral half of metabasitarsus; apical half of metadistitarsus brown; anterior spot on tegula. Following parts yellow-brown: narrow apical ring on metafemur; wide basal ring on metatibia (yellow on some specimens). Metasoma black, T1-T5 marginal zones yellow-brown to translucent yellow at margins.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0E6C0946A6B0F287E5045478DCAB3489" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Pubescence: As in male except as follows: clypeal hairs short and sparse (0.5OD); genal beard sparse (0.5-2OD); discs of mesoscutum, scutellum, and metanotum with sparse short hairs (≤0.5OD), longer and denser toward lateral margin of mesoscutum (0.5OD), and toward lateral and posterior margins of scutellum (1-1.5OD) longest posteromedially; scopae on metafemur and metatibia (1-1.5OD); T1-T3 apicolateral patches of tomentum (0.5-1OD); S1 hairs long and moderately dense (≤2.5OD); S2 scopal hairs (1-3OD).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6DC3BEC14D7CDAD22689EEB3B238C9E7" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Surface sculpture: As in male except as follows: lower paraocular area moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); frontal area densely punctate (i≤d), moderately densely punctate around ocelli (i=1-2d); vertexal area moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); scape shallowly and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); genal area weakly imbricate and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); hypostomal area weakly imbricate to glossy apically, shallowly and sparsely punctate (i≥2d); mesoscutum and scutellum densely punctate (i=0.5-1d); mesepisternum irregularly punctate, sparse below scrobe (i=2-3d), sparser anterior of episternal groove (i≥3d), irregularly spaced on hypoepimeral area (i≤2d); metanotum moderately densely punctate (i=0.5-2d); metapostnotum rugose or striate-rugose anteriorly, weakly microsculptured posteriorly; propodeum moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); T1-T3 moderately puncticulate; T4-T5 punctures small and sparse (i≥2d); T6 moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="69F74EEFED141F44F7ADB39B9A172C96" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Structure: Labrum ~2.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CD16BCB153FE22DD9CE0558374CB6984" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than long (19.5:7.5); malar space ~0.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E585CA4D9EC4F630E431198826241E6F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as clypeal lateral (3:7); LOT below anterior tentorial pits; clypeus subequal in length to maximum width in frontal view (24:26) extending for less than half of its length beyond LOT; median longitudinal groove weak on clypeus; subantennal sutures subequal in length to the shortest distance between them (11.5:11); IAD ~1.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="093E973D36A8022B148CD5F1F87308DF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
AOD (11.5:7); scape ~3.33
|
||
<normalizedToken id="83C1EF8969CA6421A777C67A41E71400" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum width (20:6); pedicel longer than wide (8:6.5); F1 subequal in length and width (5.5:5); F2 ~0.67
|
||
<normalizedToken id="84B3C1F1C558380A402F79CB508E4DE9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as F1 (3.5) and shorter than F3 (4.5); UOD 1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3152C18A819A5CDFE2DC83A25648F3AF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
LOD, IOD ~1.05
|
||
<normalizedToken id="37AAE8BF48014C9CA20A58EB6B38E19A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as UOD (UOD:IOD:LOD - 42:45:30); frontal line carinate in lower half, flat above; MOC subequal to width of head (72:69); OOC 0.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DC90FEB5DC3B38E5DB6396B34FB7B87C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
IOC (10:12.5); genal area ~0.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BD6280137148DD545CB33505D6D2492D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as wide as eye in lateral view (14:23); ratio of lengths of mesoscutum: scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum - 48:18:9:12;
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="93ED31775F833148B253C17B58A3F956" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" start="start">probasitarsus</pageBreakToken>
|
||
~3.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DFB8B7B2D1309C02DEEB26C518F3035D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum depth (19:5.5); length of prodistitarsus ~0.9
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EF09E55F08BDC6C760CAB569C1046FFF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
that of preceding three tarsomeres combined (from II to V - 5:4.5:4:11.5); metafemur ~2.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="53B7869D88CEF6CFE06D83F566566EA8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum depth (39:14); metatibia ~4.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="69BDE41BA7F727361E96526AB697C97F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum depth (52:11.5); metabasitarsus ~4.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="27294FF5BEFFE93E2FC17E9D3BD3F88E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum depth (31:7).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3F5B061BD9F6A6BD84DB4996F9E390F0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<paragraph id="D5B196EBBD73542A2549A16784ADE097" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Figure 35.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFBE08D756A59790DFB16ACFF94D4B76" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola deserticola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deserticola">Chilicola deserticola</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A male habitus, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm B male head, frontal view, scale bar 0.5 mm C female habitus, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm D female head, frontal view, scale bar 0.5 mm E male metatibia, posterior view, scale bar 0.25 mm F male S1 process, lateral view, scale bar 0.25 mm G male S1 process, apical view, scale bar 0.25 mm H male S7, scale bar 0.25 mm I male S8, scale bar 0.25 mm J male genital capsule, scale bar 0.25 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2F7D5D00950539725CE36D089CF0646E" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="B5627C98E0E031A855061A42026F1463" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Material studied</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6BB79AEAB108CA4469F319CB15C81428" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
(58 males & 110 females). Holotype (male). Region IV, Pueblo Hundido,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFC7DA637F993D12D4E3896F044FD325" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.063">S 30.063°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="75B02890023A1D2F015E316F1392C08E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-70.491">W 70.491°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1031m, x.1972, L. Ruz, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A21282E8B216495FA5ABA7152A5E437E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Heliotropium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heliotropium stenophyllum" order="Boraginales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stenophyllum">Heliotropium stenophyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH) - see comments; Region IV: one paratype male, same data as holotype (AMNH); one female, same locality and date as holotype, V. Cabezas (AMNH); one female, Hwy 41, 2-4 km S of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5F2CA0D856157635D10DFD27584A15DB" originalValue="Vicuña">Vicuna</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5A23A7ED04C39ED6724709C9B0C4425" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.067">S 30.067°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A89A454E455ACA7CC8B9E4DAD23C8DE5" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-70.726">W 70.726°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 755m, 9.x.2001, L. Packer (PCYU); one female, Elqui Prov., 6 km S of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D50133E28EA28B8448D27790BFCEF783" originalValue="Vicuña">Vicuna</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BF4051EF92B752ED99AC56BD13D2A461" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.085">S 30.085°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F879D596DA2AF4EB35E6658CB330302C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-70.725">W 70.725°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 889m, 16.x.1991, J.G. Rozen & L.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="47C38749628A4AF6EDEB2B7E979B83DF" originalValue="Peña">Pena</normalizedToken>
|
||
(AMNH); six females, Elqui Prov., 7 km S Pisco Elqui,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0FAF919578919A12C53583307E763167" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.177">S 30.177°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7BEB5B99898EA8EC642800FE1611706D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-70.486">W 70.486°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1449m, 8.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter, Ascher (AMNH); one male and one female, Elqui Prov., 26 km S of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8BBBFAEA9AF51AEB26A8C815082C673D" originalValue="Vicuña">Vicuna</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="88A2AF4AED3735996B242E7082C9BAA9" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-30.19">S 30.19°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="91592A5458C9DF0BECBDCAB8B3593C92" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-70.661">W 70.661°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1691m, 5.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter, Ascher (AMNH); one female, Elqui, 4-5 km south Pisco,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="98FC53CA3B5EC9FCC45D4A3BCA8789C1" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.383">S 30.383°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6054FF87FAC6A73CE25B0F366C22433" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-70.347">W 70.347°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1340m, 27.x.1992, A. Sharkov (AMNH); one male, Pr. Coquimbo, Carretera Pan-Am al norte de La Serena, 1970-72, A.R. Moldenke, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9F68E53AD7C3D6D42223B60980190312" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Montiaceae" genus="Calandrinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calandrinia grandiflora" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">Calandrinia grandiflora</taxonomicName>
|
||
, INT BIOL PROGRAM (AMNH); one male, Pr. Coquimbo, Carretera Pan-Am al norte de La Serena, 21.xi.1970, A.R. Moldenke, INT BIOL PROGRAM #47128 (AMNH); five females, Choros Bajos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0C64619373C20CF9211702B04C4693AF" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-29.291">S 29.291°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4E22594A5FCB506F64808A3F1ABF5E4E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.309">W 71.309°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 57m, 12.x.1977, H. Flores (AMNH); one female, same data, PUCV-ENTO 19930 (PUCV); one male, same data, PUCV-ENTO 19926 (PUCV); one female, same locality, 16.x.2000, L. Packer (PCYU); one female, Los Choros,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FBD954C594DA018B99AB7874F7717322" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-29.291">S 29.291°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DDDF6E01FCAE08F1F2D59C1D54E9D80D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.309">W 71.309°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 57m, 25.x.2002, J. Grixti, A. Zayed, white pan (PCYU); one male and one female, Dunes, Los Choros,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6F423C0B738A5CF7906633D0412EABB2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-29.313">S 29.3130°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="337E462C7501280D3D6D1AA8E375CC8B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.2937">W 71.2937°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 145m, 13.ix.2010, L. Packer, B09857-A09 Bees of Chile293, B09857-B01 (PCYU); one male, Q. Los Choros,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3000CA72E4D594C4845ED0D9125CB629" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-29.343">S 29.343°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02657896FCCBF07FB51D21362BA56590" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.155">W 71.155°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 232m, 11.x.1977, V. Cabezas (AMNH); one female, same locality and collector, 12.x.1977 (AMNH); one male, Prov. Coquimbo,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3A1D533F0A87CB71F018ABDFA8B34290" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Los Chorros,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4C820256A88F15C4B541648D967B55BF" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-29.343">S 29.343°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6F2FA222D8984F2FB3A0A3F59936E556" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.155">W 71.155°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 232m, 6.xi.1956, Wagenknecht (PUCV); one female, Carretera Pan-Am al norte de La Serena,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CCD5F93C950E241118271AF56BA4B661" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-29.805">S 29.805°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0CBFE631D9B4BFAD48E3DA94AED8D94C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.287">W 71.287°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 30m, 15.x.1971, A.R. Moldenke, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43DF8A412DF3CF44250FA4E5D1590A3B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Montiaceae" genus="Calandrinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calandrinia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Calandrinia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, INT BIOL PROGRAM 41979 (AMNH); one male and one female, Elqui Prov., 8 km N of La Serena,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="183434BA83DDE4151D668E4CB37AD3F1" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-29.837">S 29.837°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CA504803DB5899B81959A3E1379DD5D6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.261">W 71.261°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 16m, 7.xi.2000, J.G. Rozen (AMNH); one male, La Serena,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8BA020537F6E0C85C764571B8519AA86" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-29.906">S 29.906°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="528A5D1AC0DB47BECD4D6269196A3B12" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-71.25">W 71.25°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20m, 28.xii.1988, L. Ruz E. (PUCV); one female, Quebrada, El Arrayan, 15 km S La Villa,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C16D1C5FB1CCC1679266555F400DAFB3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.071">S 30.071°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5B92D89A74E6E65F9135D221486C8294" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.0007">W 71.0007°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 400m, 20.xi.2003, F.D. Parker & M.E. Irwin, malaise trap, CH-56 FDP 109843 (BBSL); one male, Elqui Prov., 17 km S Coquimbo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="09D5A5E9944C1816AD6632AA404014C1" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.088">S 30.088°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="681D6FAE69A8CCEE270256FF5B869630" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.362">W 71.362°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 35m, 4.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter, Ascher (AMNH); one male, Guanaqueros,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="948C1791E040C43E03E29D4272EC51FB" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.198">S 30.198°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="798196E51A057EF4087244A541C8AFB6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.422">W 71.422°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22m, 7.x.1982, H. Toro (PUCV); one female, same locality and date, E. Chiappa (PUCV); one male, W of Barrancas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CB4F8371C0AA6DE398AEBC494C907AE9" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.215">S 30.215°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="32C7989A0BC686AF1A669EFB98DC41B4" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.329">W 71.329°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 337m, 10.x.2000, L. Packer (PCYU); one female, Tongoy,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5D7925FBC4EB3061B1C95CDA9FE1DB92" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.252">S 30.252°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ECBF8453D2D1B89A712FD3D8247B693E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="-71.5">W 71.5°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 54m, 5.x.2002, J. Grixti & A. Zayed (PCYU); one female and one male, same locality and collectors, 14.xi.2002, pan traps (PCYU); one male, Tongoy Avda Costanera,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7C91F1E01477C26F552C582CD5B85EC3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.253">S 30.253°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3B10772095565FE9A5E3ED9DE6DF68A9" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.494">W 71.494°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 9m, 25.x.2001, L. Packer & G.S. Fraser (PCYU); one female, same locality and collectors, 26.x.2001 (PCYU); four males and one fe
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="DF2E0115024B38C7B14A915E2A6C556A" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" start="start">male</pageBreakToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="719609913774C5D351DC189CC7E43892" originalValue="Bahía">Bahia</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tongoy, S of Tongoy,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C9E1B4ED6389C721969DB2B6060A3D4B" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.272">S 30.272°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6249BD059104D40D3CABBEDE5A33AB50" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.483">W 71.483°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 25m, 8.x.2001, L. Packer & G.S. Fraser (PCYU); one male, same data, CCDB-22789 D05 (PCYU); four males and six females, Puerto Aldea nr. Tongoy,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="750655F028CFC7E73681F44F71D67643" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.301">S 30.301°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3EF64B52213AF7389C1D86FD4B08D257" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.606">W 71.606°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 9m, 26.x.2001, Packer & Fraser (PCYU); one male, same locality, 8.xi.2001, L. Packer (PCYU); one wo females, Quebrada Los Litres, SW of Tongoy, inland rd.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0B7EAB989422579211AF3951DE1B9049" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.323">S 30.323°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1DB1140FC6361DDE15858FD5D3C34A6B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.526">W 71.526°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 16m, 26.x.2001, L. Packer & G.S. Fraser (PCYU); one male, Las Breas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="79416C5BC637DE59E23F7CBB4FC223CA" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.369">S 30.369°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0432B255AD4DDF337E3D4450F913EA86" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-70.613">W 70.613°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1622m, 11-19.ix.2010, L. Packer (PCYU); one male, P.N. Fray Jorge Entrance,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BA4EB750C94E8ED2D15F9B50A89BAE3E" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.627">S 30.627°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EB64EFB83A174EB3D9FC401667601BAE" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.663">W 71.663°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 282m, 7.x.2001, L. Packer (PCYU); one male, Coquimbo Prov., 4km S of Socos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BD3FB61CCAE503FC5A268FBFA5452E6A" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.745">S 30.745°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6A73A2A110A81EA2962AD824D14009BC" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.528">W 71.528°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 201m, 22.ix.1966, M.E. Irwin (BBSL); one male,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="276FB1CADDED136C83B7C2FA020DADE2" originalValue="Limarí">Limari</normalizedToken>
|
||
Prov., Talinay Parq Nal.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F6DAD7CA166C0840FD6067C0BC2609A8" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.867">S 30.867°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="52E465B720B82B8CD6309C756EE65D17" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.601">W 71.601°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 282m, 10.x.2001, J.G. Rozen & A. Ugarte, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46462C17332C22EF2A611127DCB994F6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Nolana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nolana" order="Solanales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nolana</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH); one male and one female, Choapa: Los Vilos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="26A424B450F6056F466872385D5BBA21" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-31.912">S 31.912°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BDA2A83E31E0F0C850CC52A11E95FD7D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.511">W 71.511°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 54m, 18.xi.1991, Rozen, Pena, Ugarte, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C82FC13535EEE4978E66B176DF3D8003" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Cristaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cristaria" order="Unionida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Cristaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH); one male, Los Vilos, Caleta Los Lobos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CC722B5F75EB9DC7A0F3265B13ABC615" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-31.949">S 31.949°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0910977770C365FB3E61E97FA6135DC0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.526">W 71.526°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 11m, 26.x.2001, Packer & Fraser (PCYU); one female, Los Vilos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CEFC066314B9EDF57FE743CC0678801B" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-31.9312">S 31.9312°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="481E61087D46C59AD84AE5C8951AD08B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.5133">W 71.5133°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 12m, 13.xii.2006, L. Packer (PCYU); one female,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7CD0833727CF5158D45DAE74189848BB" originalValue="Bahía">Bahia</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tongoy, S of Tongoy,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D36EFB484F86F815552AABC35CB01061" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-30.272">S 30.272°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A25B4E5679BEBC6BE92EC7BB48CB6622" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.483">W 71.483°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 25m, 8.x.2001, Packer & Fraser (PCYU); Region III: one male and eleven females, Huasco Prov.,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ED3AE515EA305CCA9D552597CE5752B5" originalValue="Chañar">Chanar</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Aceituno,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5FC326D1AE4B7B6DA76732B00C246F3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-28.9534">S 28.9534°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="250238EE9B278206EE4DE9B8901ED327" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.3472">W 71.3472°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 279m, 18.ix.2003, A. Ugarte (PCYU); one female, same data, B10037-H11 Bees of Chile759 (PCYU); one female, 15km W of Domeyko (C-500),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="136F07E33E825EDD2B28ADC6458CB6F6" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-28.9668">S 28.9668°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8512D7E2BA4F5A5B49D857EB7155E056" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.0365">W 71.0365°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 587m, 15.x.2014, J. Postlethwaite (PCYU); one male and one female, E of Carrizalillo, C-500, km 53.3,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="13C0755796DD3C042F16724FEC539AF2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-28.9982">S 28.9982°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="525D662F660D0030063E20E79070E34F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.3787">W 71.3787°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 208m, 8.xi-13.xii.2013, S. Monckton & J. Postlethwaite (PCYU); eight males and seventeen females, Huasco Prov.,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5ED5E2911A95126D8188795EE881DD36" originalValue="Chañar">Chanar</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Aceituno,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="259F14EE17F2C91CD65E979C0BAD020D" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-29.0279">S 29.0279°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1B9A221DF67378A3AA809F4CB69DC051" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.4036">W 71.4036°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 279m, 20.ix.2003, A. Ugarte (PCYU); one female, Caleta
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4DFD381CC2F2CB3123D393E830C21CE5" originalValue="Chañaral">Chanaral</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Aceituna,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB0D3D2910F36394A63AAABD5779C651" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-29.09">S 29.09°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0378259F20FECFB19F853C67FAA9F501" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.467">W 71.467°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 8m, 18.ix.2003, L. Packer (PCYU); one female, Caleta
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7D12AA66921ECC0B689CAC09B1902D17" originalValue="Chañaral">Chanaral</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Aceituna,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="96EDB5C930F62D5316D19E2549D2CBEC" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-29.0804">S 29.0804°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="46B017B98DC83DB0A6672BD40A732C28" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.4672">W 71.4672°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 10m, 5.x.2010, L. Packer, G.S. Fraser (PCYU); one male and eleven females, same data, PCYU 0004655, PCYU 0004646, PCYU 0004643, PCYU 0004649, PCYU 0004664, PCYU 0004663, PCYU 0004661, PCYU 0004660, PCYU 0004657, PCYU 0004654, PCYU 0004652, PCYU 0004672 (PCYU); one male and five females, Huasco Prov., Carrizalillo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7B9285AECCA596C24206B1C5ACF90974" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-29.0991">S 29.0991°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="331636E1EDBC35D9DFCAA0221560DA77" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.3912">W 71.3912°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 179m, 20.ix.2003, A. Ugarte (PCYU); one male, same data, B10037-H8 Bees of Chile756 (PCYU); five females, Caleta Carrizalillo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A5559B9E4F711C9635214300651D927" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-29.1098">S 29.1098°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0FAB3C5E11C5DDC4E42DF873D7CB644C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.4613">W 71.4613°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 11m, 8.xi.2013, S. Monckton (PCYU); one female, same data, CCDB-19989 C05 // PCYU 0021691 (PCYU); one female, same locality, 13.x-08.xi.2013, J. Postlethwaite & S. Monckton (PCYU); one male and two females, Caleta Apolillada,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="142404B16EDB6DD2A88DBCBE6249132F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-29.1826">S 29.1826°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="75B098AD83046DEF6D38671F47754C6C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.4882">W 71.4882°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 18m, 8.xi.2013, S. Monckton (PCYU); one female, same locality, 8.xi-13.xii.2013, S. Monckton & J. Postlethwaite (PCYU); four females, 11 km WNW Choros Bajos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9B1798235BEE5CCCD3C5FEB0015470E2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-29.265">S 29.265°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB788E31BFFFB3A1014915560FDEBCE" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.411">W 71.411°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 10m, 14.x.2001, L. Packer (PCYU); four males and two females, Los Choros,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5009642E42BA12C2E11554E65D5B905" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-29.291">S 29.291°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0BB7850C22D3296E88B8A7BD964B3257" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.309">W 71.309°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 57m, 25.x.2002, J. Grixti, A. Zayed, yellow pan (PCYU); seven males and two females, SE of Los Choros, near dunes,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FEFEBCCE909E64F04B5EE9094318350F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-29.3052">S 29.3052°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="591B8792646646C0163D781E5E07F09E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.2836">W 71.2836°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 280m, 13.ix.2010, L. Packer (PCYU); one male and one female, same data (CTMI); Region V: one female, Aconcagua Prov. Papudo/Zapallar, 5.xi.1971, A.R. Moldenke, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EDACF49D7EF106C03F36E14C2AC428D3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Chorizanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chorizanthe vaginata" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vaginata">Chorizanthe vaginata</taxonomicName>
|
||
, INT BIOL PROGRAM 45388 (AMNH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="033C75605DCC3B67ECA4F59FBDFD3285" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C8449573055B42053E0C643E69868F27" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="AC08475972E0662862E8E72085FEDA2B" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9BBB7BAFAE50174F15EF3BC9382CAD6E" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Coquimban & Intermediate Desert, distributed coastally from Caleta
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7E1056BA9E3C615285A83AB5E0F6CF66" originalValue="Chañaral">Chanaral</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Aceituna (Region III) south to Los Vilos (Region IV) and inland along the Elqui Valley to Pueblo Hundido & Guanta (Region IV); 8-1691m a.s.l.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5CE55A807CAFA8448CA8B2805E27600C" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="0DA7782B57F48BC9276E8DD0B11744BF" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7AC45FBB54E158EA6BB77FEB11708060" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Collected on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="446793987FECC7F561A586F0A6BDC993" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Montiaceae" genus="Calandrinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calandrinia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Calandrinia</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kunth (1 record),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B2347A45F179582006851C28101DE15" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Montiaceae" genus="Calandrinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calandrinia grandiflora" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">Calandrinia grandiflora</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lindl. (1 record),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C82348562CB71BCBE1AA312042B196B1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Chorizanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chorizanthe vaginata" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vaginata">Chorizanthe vaginata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 record),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E4F5DB2F051F33750072639E715CE2D6" class="Bivalvia" family="Unionidae" genus="Cristaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cristaria" order="Unionida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Cristaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cav. (2 records),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC384BB28D52B4810FDFC33FD160C657" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Heliotropium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heliotropium stenophyllum" order="Boraginales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stenophyllum">Heliotropium stenophyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hook. & Arn. (3 records) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEA1D231E9EBE7A22674B1E74E11FFC2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Nolana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nolana" order="Solanales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nolana</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. f. (1 record). Recorded September to December.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D37EACD03D25940A1185824A6EBB50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph id="C0F5EF0701705C6B49A0CE4C70EB6EA2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="745FD88F72CDB63218281452091D101D" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
The type series (male holotype & one male paratype) is labeled Atacama, Pueblo Hundido, x.1972, L. Ruz, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77D9D1860E1985722E658033E3CF011C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Heliotropium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heliotropium stenophyllum" order="Boraginales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stenophyllum">Heliotropium stenophyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Atacama is the name of Region III, thus the locality is interpreted as Diego de Almagro (formerly called Pueblo Hundido), and was indicated as such on a map of type localities by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="57950D7739D2C212B28B0404F69F3970" author="Toro, H" journalOrPublisher="Anales Del Museo De Historia Natural" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="1 - 88" title="Revision de los Xeromelissinae Chilenos (Hymenoptera - Colletidae)." volume="12" year="1979">Toro and Moldenke (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, besides the type series,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F098C25C0EBB249779B257BC96EEF28E" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola deserticola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deserticola">Chilicola deserticola</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been collected from further north than Carrizal Bajo, Region III, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56FDE80C8C2B6438C2570C6EB7150C04" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Heliotropium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heliotropium stenophyllum" order="Boraginales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stenophyllum">Heliotropium stenophyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not occur north of Totoral, Region III (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="120B5DD9922093002E6E81347333AF3C" author="Luebert, F" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 54" title="A revision of Heliotropiumsect. Cochranea (Heliotropiaceae)." url="10.1007/s12225-013-9432-6" volume="68" year="2013">Luebert 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), while Diego de Almagro is located 1.1° latitude further north than Totoral and in a different biogeographic region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="18BC4BB3B4B4BBC6D8761347D9F2A4D3" author="Pena, GLE" journalOrPublisher="Postilla" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 17" title="A preliminary attempt to divide Chile into entomofaunal regions, based on the Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera)." volume="97" year="1966">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="81AC89D63F1EBD4AC17CC0344C373A7F" originalValue="Peña">Pena</normalizedToken>
|
||
1966
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BB8FC3DC75553BE86E2DEA38AC2D383D" author="O'Brien, CW" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="197 - 207" title="Biogeography of Chile through entomofaunal regions." volume="82" year="1971">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A953D1360AD62F0F6D0A032F0EB65FF8" originalValue="O’Brien">O'Brien</normalizedToken>
|
||
1971
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="164BF72AC525BE8B8BC882E49102945C" author="Artigas, JN" journalOrPublisher="Gayana Miscelanea" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="1 - 25" title="Introduccion al estudio por computacion de las areas zoogeograficas de Chile continental basade en la distribucion de 903 especies de animales terrestres." volume="4" year="1975">Artigas 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, Pueblo Hundido is also the name of a village in Region IV (Coquimbo) to the southeast of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="047FD64C746203A9DDF79D2C7855C511" originalValue="Vicuña">Vicuna</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85B6B2AC01A9E1111DFB45360F95A51D" author="Chester, S" journalOrPublisher="Unlimited SA" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" title="Chiletur Copec 2013, Zona Norte" year="2012">COPEC 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C9D34512233DE3F94414CD58BDAA5C1" author="Santos, BF" journalOrPublisher="Servicio Nacional de Turismo, Region de Coquimbo" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" title="Destino Paihuano" url="http://turismoregiondecoquimbo.cl/?p=3106" year="2012">Sernatur 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); a road sign marks its location at approximately
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="520DE8F2871739A01F464DA0CD3DEF67" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-30.0629">S 30.0629°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="33D6AD9AD09D504B6833F7F864082AAE" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-70.4911">W 70.4911°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B70DBD3D261AF47DB4BC187AD9B4453D" author="Goloboff, PA" journalOrPublisher="Cladistics" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" title="Google Earth 7.1.2.2041" url="http://www.google.com/earth" year="2013">Google Earth 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This village is within the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6CA5C97245EDB4C4507376EFA99369F5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Heliotropium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heliotropium stenophyllum" order="Boraginales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stenophyllum">Heliotropium stenophyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="302A2A63F6B836AEF560DA3835D9F2E3" author="Luebert, F" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 54" title="A revision of Heliotropiumsect. Cochranea (Heliotropiaceae)." url="10.1007/s12225-013-9432-6" volume="68" year="2013">Luebert 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and is the apparent provenance of a specimen collected on that host plant species, labeled Coquimbo, Pueblo Hundido, x.1972, V. Cabezas. Specimen records show that Ruz, Toro, Neff, and Cabezas traveled together in September/October 1972 (see Supplementary File S2); to collect near Diego de Almagro in October of that year would have been inconsistent with their pace and pattern of travel. Moreover, regional mislabeling for locality names that occur in multiple regions is known for the Toro and PUCV collections (L. Ruz, personal communication) where the type material was originally held. Following these considerations, I believe the type locality to be misattributed, and have adjusted it to the village in Region IV accordingly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |