359 lines
42 KiB
XML
359 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685373" ID-ZooBank="FE36A1C1-8F8C-4B27-A35E-C4FCF35473FA" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="1" checkinTime="1677571386193" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Prado, Guilherme C. & Ferreira, Rodrigo L." docDate="2023" docId="871DB575FFEFFFF7A4ABB473FBDAF81D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5249.1.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5249 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia Prado & Ferreira 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="100" masterDocId="7B24CD0DFFE9FFFFA43CB20AFFC1FFF1" masterDocTitle="Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="92" pageNumber="98" updateTime="1677601474524" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Prado, Guilherme C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-9612-9906</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Centro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea, Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. CEP 37200 - 900, Brazil. prado. gpc. 99 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9612 - 9906</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">prado.gpc.99@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Ferreira, Rodrigo L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-9612-9906</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Centro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea, Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. CEP 37200 - 900, Brazil. prado. gpc. 99 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9612 - 9906 & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3288 - 4405</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">prado.gpc.99@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2023-02-28</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>5249</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>92</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>110</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.5</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.5</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7685373</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FE36A1C1-8F8C-4B27-A35E-C4FCF35473FA</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685305" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685305" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:871DB575FFEFFFF7A4ABB473FBDAF81D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/871DB575FFEFFFF7A4ABB473FBDAF81D" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,626,1657,1684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,626,1657,1684]" box="[151,626,1657,1684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[151,626,1657,1684]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,626,1657,1684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prado & Ferreira, 2023" authorityName="Prado & Ferreira" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,525,1657,1684]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koinopoliteia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,525,1657,1684]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[533,626,1657,1683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="98" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,1729,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,388,1729,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-10-11" collectionCode="R" collectorName="L Ferreira" country="Brazil" latitude="-13.801184" location="Gruna da Agua Clara Cave" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.951733" municipality="Carinhanha" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[397,501,1729,1756]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[397,501,1729,1756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
male (ISLA 100996), preserved in ethanol:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1016,1087,1729,1755]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1102,1234,1729,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Carinhanha</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1248,1316,1729,1755]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:871DB575FFEFFFF7A4ABB473FBDAF81D:0A6B52B8FFEFFFF9A10EB4CBFEA2F90E" country="Brazil" latitude="-13.801184" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.951733" municipality="Carinhanha" name="Gruna da Agua Clara Cave" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" stateProvince="Bahia">Gruna da Água Clara Cave</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[376,530,1765,1791]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" precision="1" seconds="4.26" value="-13.801184">13º48’4.26”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[547,712,1765,1792]" degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" precision="1" seconds="6.24" value="-43.951733">43º57’6.24”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date box="[737,938,1765,1791]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" value="2017-10-11">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[737,938,1765,1791]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" value="2017-10-11">11 October 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1008,1028,1766,1792]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1032,1154,1765,1792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">L Ferreira</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-09-14" collectionCode="R" collectorName="L Ferreira" country="Brazil" latitude="-13.798" location="Pedro Cassiano Cave" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.914" municipality="Carinhanha" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1170,1265,1765,1792]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1170,1265,1765,1792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
female (ISLA 100997), preserved in ethanol:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[502,573,1801,1827]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[585,717,1801,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Carinhanha</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[729,797,1801,1827]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:871DB575FFEFFFF7A4ABB473FBDAF81D:0A6B52B8FFEFFFF9A715B503FBD9F8D2" box="[809,1048,1801,1827]" country="Brazil" latitude="-13.798" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.914" municipality="Carinhanha" name="Pedro Cassiano Cave" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" stateProvince="Bahia">Pedro Cassiano Cave</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1064,1232,1801,1828]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" precision="1" seconds="52.80" value="-13.798">13º47’52.80”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1244,1424,1801,1828]" degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" precision="1" seconds="50.40" value="-43.914">43º54’50.40”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date box="[151,381,1837,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" value="2021-09-14">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[151,381,1837,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" value="2021-09-14">14 September 2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[449,469,1837,1863]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[473,595,1837,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">L Ferreira</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-09-03" collectionCode="R" collectorName="L Ferreira" country="Iceland" location="ISLA" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[610,713,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[610,713,1837,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
female (
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[819,882,1837,1863]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">ISLA</collectingCountry>
|
||
103872), preserved in ethanol: same local and coordinates as
|
||
<typeStatus box="[318,419,1872,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[430,636,1872,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" value="2022-09-03">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[430,636,1872,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" value="2022-09-03">3 September 2022</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[696,716,1873,1899]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[719,836,1872,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">L Ferreira</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="98" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,1729,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,1908,1934]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Koinopoliteía (from Greek “κοινοπολιτεία”) can be translated as commonwealth. As previously mentioned, Brazilian caves are a public good, with no possibility of ownership by individuals or entities. This noun should be treated as a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="6" pageNumber="98" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,1729,2042]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,322,2015,2041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="98">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Differing from the other members of the genus by the following combination of characters: Absence of eyes or eyespots; carapace rectangular with almost no posterior constriction;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1040,1197,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">ist–est/ist–esb</emphasis>
|
||
trichobothria ratio of 0.68 (0.73–0.85); chelal fixed finger with 38 acute teeth with heterodonty starting from the 10
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[1176,1189,186,200]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">th</superScript>
|
||
proximal tooth, chelal movable finger with 38 acute and well-defined teeth; cheliceral fixed finger with 7 teeth, exhibiting a constriction between the second and 5
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[443,456,258,272]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">th</superScript>
|
||
proximal ones, movable finger of the chelicera with 8 (13) teeth, the second and third ones constricted, with a distal isolated tooth; presence of two setae on the first and second tergites; trichobothrium
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,171,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">et</emphasis>
|
||
proximad to
|
||
<emphasis box="[321,347,329,355]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">dx</emphasis>
|
||
and distad to
|
||
<emphasis box="[505,521,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">it</emphasis>
|
||
; body length of 1.69 (1.71–1.95) mm; chela 7.2 to 7.7 times as long as broad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="7" pageNumber="99" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,337,365,391]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[353,446,365,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-24@9.[151,1436,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. holotype type locality and habitat A Água Clara cave karst landscape B Água Clara cave entrance C Água Clara cave general aspect D Live female paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685387/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Figs 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[459,495,365,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[152,255,1472,1496]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,180,1427]" captionTargetId="figure-213@11.[151,1436,168,1444]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pseudochthonius pali sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view C Carapace of male holotype D Leg I of male holotype E Leg IV of male holotype F Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view G Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines H Male holotype genitalia I Right Chela of holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A–B); 0.25 mm (C–F); 0.1 mm (G–H); 0.5 mm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685393/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">8C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body pale yellowish, very translucent; chelicerae slightly orange, abdomen beige. Some parts of the body scaly. Vestitural setae thin and anteriorly projected on prosoma and posteriorly projected on opisthosoma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Carapace (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[324,419,472,499]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). 1.18 (1.12–1.21) times longer than broad, posteriorly slightly constricted showing a difference between ocular width and posterior width of 0.03 (0.06) mm (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[954,1042,508,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
); anterior margin partially serrated; no eyes or eyespots; epistome small and strongly dentate and serrated (ranging to seta
|
||
<emphasis box="[1144,1191,545,570]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">ame</emphasis>
|
||
); posterior margin of carapace smooth; chaetotaxy 4+2: 4: 4: 2: 2 (18).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Chelicera (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[320,444,615,641]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1535,1559]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,327,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-334@3.[151,1436,327,1526]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. SEM images of the new species A P. pali sp. nov. right chelicera of the paratype, dorsal view B P. pali sp. nov. left chelicera of the paratype, ventral view C P. diamachi sp. nov. coxae region of the paratype D P. koinopoliteia sp. nov. right chelicera of the paratype, dorsal view E P. koinopoliteia sp. nov. left chelicera of the paratype, ventral view F P. diamachi sp. nov. detail of coxal spines of the paratype. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A–B); 0.4 mm (C); 0.1 mm (D–E); 0.05 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685377/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Figs 2D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[455,493,615,642]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">5H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hand with 5 setae; movable finger with 1 subdistal seta; galea present as a tubercle; fixed finger with 7 acute teeth highly constricted between 2
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[812,828,651,665]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">nd</superScript>
|
||
and 5
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[895,908,651,665]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">th</superScript>
|
||
(including a small slightly distal one); movable finger with 9(13) acute teeth (including a small distal one) with 2
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[882,898,686,700]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">nd</superScript>
|
||
and 3
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[967,981,686,700]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">rd</superScript>
|
||
teeth highly constricted (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1266,1359,687,713]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1535,1559]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,327,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-334@3.[151,1436,327,1526]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. SEM images of the new species A P. pali sp. nov. right chelicera of the paratype, dorsal view B P. pali sp. nov. left chelicera of the paratype, ventral view C P. diamachi sp. nov. coxae region of the paratype D P. koinopoliteia sp. nov. right chelicera of the paratype, dorsal view E P. koinopoliteia sp. nov. left chelicera of the paratype, ventral view F P. diamachi sp. nov. detail of coxal spines of the paratype. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A–B); 0.4 mm (C); 0.1 mm (D–E); 0.05 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685377/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1371,1423,687,713]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,179,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-24@13.[151,1436,179,1827]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ecological impacts to the subterranean habitat A Deforestation near cave entrance B Vegetal coal furnace." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685400/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">10H</figureCitation>
|
||
); rallum with 7 blades; serrula exterior with 15 blades, serrula interior with 9 blades.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Tergites. Not divided; surface smooth; chaetotaxy uniseriate, I–XI 2: 2: 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 2: 2. Anal operculum without dorsal setae. Pleural membranes slightly striate.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Coxae (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[286,412,829,856]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Figs 5A, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Manducatory process with two apical setae; rest of palp coxae with 3 setae arranged in a triangle; delicate lamellae outlined by 10(11) small spines. Pedal (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[891,1015,865,892]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Figs 5A, F</figureCitation>
|
||
): coxal spines plumose, arranged in a single transverse row in coxae I (5–6) and II (4–5) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[728,812,901,928]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
), chaetotaxy: I 4+1, II 5– 6, III 8, IV 7–8 (9); intercoxal tubercle absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Genital operculum of female: 8 setae distributed in three transversal rows: 2: 4: 2, genital opening not bifurcated, 3
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[165,179,1008,1022]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">rd</superScript>
|
||
tergite with 16 linear setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Genital operculum of male (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[521,613,1044,1071]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
|
||
): Anterior genital operculum with 8 discal setae, 6 valvular genital setae and 4 setae along the sternite, with 2 microlateral setae on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Sternites: chaetotaxy IV‒XI: 10+
|
||
<quantity box="[569,638,1115,1141]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6m</quantity>
|
||
: 8+
|
||
<quantity box="[677,717,1116,1142]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="2.0">2m</quantity>
|
||
: 8+
|
||
<quantity box="[757,796,1116,1142]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="2.0">2m</quantity>
|
||
: 9 (10): 8 (9): 6: 2(3: 4 + 2 sensory setae. Anal operculum with 2 ventral setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Palp (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[266,386,1187,1214]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Figs 5C, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Trochanter 1.66 (1.27–1.65) times longer than wide, femur 6.76 (6.63–6.85) times longer than wide, patella 2.16 (2.13–2.26) times longer than wide. Femoral chaetotaxy 5: 5 (6): 3 (5): 6: 2. Trichobothrial pattern:
|
||
<emphasis box="[244,266,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">ib</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[322,355,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">isb</emphasis>
|
||
located at the half portion of the hand, adjacent to each other, slightly dislocated to the paraxial face of the chela,
|
||
<emphasis box="[351,377,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">eb</emphasis>
|
||
proximad to
|
||
<emphasis box="[529,566,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">esb</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[580,596,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">it</emphasis>
|
||
proximad to
|
||
<emphasis box="[747,778,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">est</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[792,812,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">et</emphasis>
|
||
distad from
|
||
<emphasis box="[956,972,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">it</emphasis>
|
||
and proximad to
|
||
<emphasis box="[1171,1197,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">dx</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1212,1238,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">ist</emphasis>
|
||
closer to
|
||
<emphasis box="[1350,1381,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">est</emphasis>
|
||
than
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,188,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">esb</emphasis>
|
||
(ratio distance
|
||
<emphasis box="[364,512,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">ist-est/ist-esb</emphasis>
|
||
= 0.68 (0.73–0.85). Fixed finger slightly sigmoid; movable finger slightly curved (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[159,241,1365,1392]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Fig. 5I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chelal fixed finger with 38 (39) acute, triangular, and widely spaced teeth, with heterodonty starting proximally from the 10
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[410,423,1401,1415]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">th</superScript>
|
||
teeth. Movable finger with 38 acute, triangular, and widely spaced teeth, alternated in size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" box="[199,1297,1437,1464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Leg IV (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[294,382,1437,1464]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-287@8.[151,1436,151,1419]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Arolia almost with the same length as claws; a soft hump near end of telotarsus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Measurements (length/width or depth in mm and ratios in parenthesis calculated by using three significant digits): Male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[310,408,1508,1534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(female
|
||
<typeStatus box="[516,623,1509,1535]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
in brackets). Body length 1.69 [1.71–1.95]. Carapace 0.46/0.39 (1.2) [0.49–0.50/0.40–0.42 (1.2)]. Palps: trochanter 0.21/0.13 (1.7) [0.17–0.23/0.13–0.14 (1.3–1.6)], femur 0.74/0.11 (6.8) [0.78–0.82/0.11–0.12 (6.8–6.9)], patella 0.28/0.13 (2.2) [0.28–0.31/0.13–0.15 (2.3)], chela 1.04/0.15 (7.2) [1.04–1.16/0.14–0.17 (7.6–7.7)], movable finger length 0.66 [0.70–0.71]. Leg I: trochanter 0.14/0.11 (1.2) [0.13– 0.15/0.11–0.13 (1.2)], femur 0.43/0.07 (6.1) [0.46/0.07–0.08 (6.2–6.5)], patella 0.22/0.06 (4.0) [0.23–0.24/0.06 (4.0–4.1)], femur/patella 1.95 [1.93–2.00], tibia 0.23/0.05 (4.8) [0.23–0.24/0.05 (4.8–4.9)], tarsus 0.45/0.05 (10.0) [0.48–0.49/0.04–0.05 (9.8–11.6)]. Leg IV: Trochanter: 0.27/0.14 (1.9) [0.17–0.24/0.13 (1.3–1.8)], femur + patella 0.72/0.21 (3.3) [0.73–0.75/0.21–0.23 (3.5)], tibia 0.45/0.08 (5.4) [0.45–0.48/0.07–0.09 (5.5–6.1)], basitarsus 0.25/0.07 (3.4) [0.25–0.26/0.06–0.07 (3.9–4.1)], telotarsus 0.54/0.04 (13.8) [0.58/–0.04 (16.5)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2003]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,1678,2028]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,437,1832,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Ecological Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prado & Ferreira, 2023" authorityName="Prado & Ferreira" authorityYear="2023" box="[606,951,1832,1858]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koinopoliteia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[606,951,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[956,1046,1832,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[956,1039,1832,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
were found in two caves: Gruna da Água Clara cave(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[341,462,1868,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-24@9.[151,1436,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. holotype type locality and habitat A Água Clara cave karst landscape B Água Clara cave entrance C Água Clara cave general aspect D Live female paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685387/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Figs6A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
)and Gruna do Pedro Cassiano cave(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[855,980,1868,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[151,1436,174,1822]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. paratype type locality and habitat A Karst landscape of Pedro Cassiano cave B Pedro Cassiano cave entrance C Pedro Cassiano cave interior D Pedro Cassiano general aspect E Live female paratype" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685391/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Figs7A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
), both located in Carinhanha municipality, southwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[308,437,1904,1931]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Bahia state</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[450,522,1904,1930]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="99">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The Gruna da Água Clara cave has 13.880 meters of horizontal projection and belongs to a set of functionally interconnected caves known as the Água Clara cave system (ACCS). This system has approximately
|
||
<quantity box="[372,446,1976,2002]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="99" unit="km" value="24.0">24 km</quantity>
|
||
of extension, composed of four limestone caves traversed by an intermittent stream, active during the austral summer (October to March) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Souza-Silva, M. & Cerqueira, R. F. V. & Pellegrini, T. G. & Ferreira, R. L." box="[758,1024,1678,1704]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100" pagination="4223 - 4250" refId="ref11373" refString="Souza-Silva, M., Cerqueira, R. F. V., Pellegrini, T. G. & Ferreira, R. L. (2021) Habitat selection of cave-restricted fauna in a new hotspot of subterranean biodiversity in Neotropics. Biodiversity and Conservation, 30, 4223 - 4250. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10531 - 021 - 02302 - 8" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Souza-Silva
|
||
<emphasis box="[901,958,1678,1704]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). On the other hand, the Gruna do Pedro Cassiano cave presents 2.660 meters of horizontal projection and does not belong to the ACCS, even located near the system (about
|
||
<quantity box="[411,468,1750,1776]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="100" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
in straight line).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685385" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685385/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="100" startId="8.[152,255,1427,1451]" targetBox="[167,1424,160,1411]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1427,1596]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,283,1427,1452]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Prado & Ferreira, 2023" authorityName="Prado & Ferreira" authorityYear="2023" box="[292,608,1428,1452]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koinopoliteia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[292,608,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[616,701,1428,1452]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[616,694,1428,1452]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[708,726,1427,1451]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">A</emphasis>
|
||
Male holotype palp and pedal coxae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1123,1140,1428,1452]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">B</emphasis>
|
||
Leg IV of male holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1418,1436,1427,1451]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">C</emphasis>
|
||
Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[626,644,1464,1488]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">D</emphasis>
|
||
Carapace of male holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[933,950,1464,1488]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">E</emphasis>
|
||
Leg I of male holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1199,1214,1464,1488]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">F</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[571,591,1499,1523]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">G</emphasis>
|
||
Male holotype genitalia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[848,868,1500,1524]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">H</emphasis>
|
||
Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1363,1373,1500,1524]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">I</emphasis>
|
||
Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1087,1105,1535,1559]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1221,1323,1535,1560]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">B–C, E, I</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.25 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[160,178,1572,1596]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">D</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[292,307,1572,1596]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">F</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[421,474,1571,1595]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">G–H</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1678,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">
|
||
Although Gruna do Pedro Cassiano cave receives local visitors sporadically, the water flow trespassing the cave during the rainy periods (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[431,555,1822,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[151,1436,174,1822]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. paratype type locality and habitat A Karst landscape of Pedro Cassiano cave B Pedro Cassiano cave entrance C Pedro Cassiano cave interior D Pedro Cassiano general aspect E Live female paratype" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685391/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">Figs 7C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) seasonally “erases” eventual impacts caused by the visitors (such as trampling on cave sediments). Furthermore, local visitors do not reach the deepest regions of the cave–where the only specimen was found–since visitors tend to stay closer to the entrance. On the other hand, only speleologists visit the Gruna da Água Clara cave during technical/scientific expeditions, which seldom occurs. Such activities apparently do not represent a threat to the species. Most of the original forests have been removed and replaced by pastures or other monocultures, severely altering the surrounding external environment (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[948,1038,2002,2028]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[151,1436,174,1822]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. paratype type locality and habitat A Karst landscape of Pedro Cassiano cave B Pedro Cassiano cave entrance C Pedro Cassiano cave interior D Pedro Cassiano general aspect E Live female paratype" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685391/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="100">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |