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<mods:title id="FC06E4FEBA62A6F645C2DEF4F23F4E43">New species and records of Stenus (Nestus) of the canaliculatus group, with the erection of a new species group (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Steninae)</mods:title>
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<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC007FFE6FE16AA2BFD7C9F4F" author="Stephens" box="[439,681,1891,1917]" firstAuthor="Stephens" page="290" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refId="ref46109" refString="Stephens J. F. 1829. A systematic catalogue of British insects: being an attempt to arrange all the hitherto discovered indigenous insects in accordance with their natural affinities. Containing also the references to every English writer on entomology, and to the principal foreign authors. With all the published British genera to the present time: i-xxxiv + 1 - 416 + 1 - 388. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8987" type="book" year="1829">Stephens 1829: 290</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC007FFE6FBA6AA2BFB229F4F" author="Stephens" box="[1031,1271,1891,1917]" firstAuthor="Stephens" page="411" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refId="ref46283" refString="Stephens J. F. 1839. A manual of British Coleoptera, or beetles; containing a brief description of all the species of beetles hitherto ascertained to inhabit Great Britain and Ireland; together with a notice of their chief localities, times and places of appearances, etc.: i-xii + 1 - 443. Longman, Orme Brown, Green, and Longmans, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59227" type="book" year="1839">Stephens 1839: 411</bibRefCitation>
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. — 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC007FFE6FA8CAA2BFEF29F93" author="Hardy J." page="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1851">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC007FFE6FA8CAA2BFEF29F93" author="Hardy" firstAuthor="Hardy" page="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="21 - 96" refId="ref41891" refString="Hardy J. 1851. Family 1. Staphylinidae, Leach. In: Hardy J. &amp; Bold T. J. A catalogue of the insects of Northumberland and Durham (Part ii). Transactions of the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club 2: 21 - 96." type="journal article" year="1851">Hardy 1851: 45</bibRefCitation>
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. — Waterhouse &amp; Janson 1855: 138, 151. — 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC007FFE6FC97AACFFC019F93" author="Rye E. C." box="[822,980,1926,1953]" page="41" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1864">
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. — 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC007FFE6FBA3AACEFB189F93" author="Fauvel A." box="[1026,1229,1926,1953]" page="492" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1869">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC007FFE6FBA3AACEFB189F93" author="Fauvel" box="[1026,1229,1926,1953]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" page="492" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="479 - 494" refId="ref41111" refString="Fauvel A. 1869. Remarques synonymiques sur les staphylinides du Catalogus Coleopterorum de MM v. Harold et Gemminger. L'Abeille. Memoires d'Entomologie 5: 479 - 494." type="journal article" year="1869">Fauvel 1869: 492</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(pars). — 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC007FFE6FAE9AACFFEFC9FF6" author="Rye E. C." page="84" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC007FFE6FAE9AACFFEFC9FF6" author="Rye" firstAuthor="Rye" page="84" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="31 - 120" refId="ref44959" refString="Rye E. C. 1870. Coleoptera. New British species, corrections of nomenclature, etc., noticed since the publication of the Entomologist's Annual, 1869. The Entomologist's Annual 1870: 31 - 120." type="journal article" year="1870">Rye 1870: 84</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC007FFE6FEFAAAE2FDFB9FF6" author="Fauvel" box="[347,558,1961,1988]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" page="256" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="215 - 390" refId="ref41142" refString="Fauvel A. 1873. Faune Gallo-Rhenane ou species des insectes qui habitent la France, la Belgique, la Hollande, le Luxembourg, la prusse Rhenane, la Nassau et la Valais avec tableaux synoptiques et planches gravees. 3, liv. 4: 215 - 390. Le Blanc-Hardel, Caen." type="journal article" year="1873">Fauvel 1873: 256</bibRefCitation>
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. — J. 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC007FFE6FDDBAAE2FC879FF6" author="Sahlberg J. R." box="[634,850,1961,1988]" page="59" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1876">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC007FFE6FDDBAAE2FC879FF6" author="Sahlberg" box="[634,850,1961,1988]" firstAuthor="Sahlberg" page="59" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 248" refId="ref45221" refString="Sahlberg J. R. 1876. Enumeratio Coleopterorum Brachelytrorum Fenniae. Systematisk forteckning ofver de inom Finlands naturalhistoriska omrade hittils funna Coleoptera Brachelytra jemte uppgift om arternas utbredning och &lt;...&gt;. I. Staphylinidae. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 1: 1 - 248." type="journal article" year="1876">Sahlberg 1876: 59</bibRefCitation>
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(pars; original record: false). — 
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(pars). — 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FEC8AC43FDF99917" author="Fauvel A." box="[361,556,267,293]" page="29" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1886">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FEC8AC43FDF99917" author="Fauvel" box="[361,556,267,293]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" page="29" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="9 - 100" refId="ref41225" refString="Fauvel A. 1886. Les Staphylinides du Nord de l'Afrique. Revue d'Entomologie 5: 9 - 100." type="journal article" year="1886">Fauvel 1886: 29</bibRefCitation>
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. — 
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<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FDFCAC43FCFB9917" author="Fowler" box="[605,814,267,293]" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="336" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref41362" refString="Fowler W. W. 1888. The Coleoptera of the British Islands. A descriptive account of the families, genera, and species indigenous to Great Britain and Ireland, with notes as to localities, habitats, etc. Vol. II. Staphylinidae. Vol. V: 1 - 444. L. Reeve and Co., London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48457" type="book" year="1888">Fowler 1888: 336</bibRefCitation>
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(pars). — J. 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FC68AC43FB759917" author="Sahlberg J. R." box="[969,1184,267,293]" page="29" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1900">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FC68AC43FB759917" author="Sahlberg" box="[969,1184,267,293]" firstAuthor="Sahlberg" page="29" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref45357" refString="Sahlberg J. R. 1900. Catalogus Coleopterorum faunae Fennicae geographicus. Cum mappis duabus geographicis. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 19 (4): i-viii + 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1900">Sahlberg 1900: 29</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FA86AC43FEF3997B" author="Fauvel" firstAuthor="Fauvel" page="75" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="45 - 189" refId="ref41283" refString="Fauvel A. 1902. Catalogue des Staphylinides de la Barbarie de la Basse-Egypte et des Iles Acores, Maderes, Salvages et Canaries (5 e edition). Revue d'Entomologie 21: 45 - 189." type="journal article" year="1902">Fauvel 1902: 75</bibRefCitation>
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(pars). — 
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<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FCCEAC66FB86997B" author="Benick L." box="[879,1107,302,329]" page="144" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1921">
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<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF1CAC97FE5A99CB" box="[189,399,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus melanopus</emphasis>
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&lt;?!&gt; – J. 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FE5DAC96FD0099CB" author="Sahlberg J. R." box="[508,725,478,505]" page="78" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1880">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FE5DAC96FD0099CB" author="Sahlberg" box="[508,725,478,505]" firstAuthor="Sahlberg" page="78" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref45272" refString="Sahlberg J. R. 1880. Bidrag till Nordvestra Sibiriens Insektfauna. Coleoptera. Insamlade under Expeditionerna till Obi och Jenissej 1876 och 1877. I. Cicindelidae, Carabidae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae, Gyrinidae, [...] Staphylinidae och Micropepeplidae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps- Akademiens Handlingar 17 (4): 1 - 115." type="journal article" year="1880">Sahlberg 1880: 78</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF1CAF6DFEDF9A0D" box="[189,266,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FEBCAF6EFEBE9A0D" box="[285,363,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Nestus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FEDEAF6DFE2B9A0D" box="[383,510,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">melanopus</emphasis>
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– 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FD81AF6DFCFE9A72" author="Ganglbauer L." box="[544,811,549,576]" page="576" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1895">
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<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FEBDAFC6FE369A9A" author="Lohse G. A." box="[284,483,654,680]" page="116" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1964">
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<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FB7CAFC6FF089AFE" author="Puthz V." page="83" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FB7CAFC6FF089AFE" author="Puthz" firstAuthor="Puthz" page="83" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="74 - 121" refId="ref43744" refString="Puthz V. 1971 a. Kritische Faunistik der bisher aus Mitteleuropa bekannten Stenus - Arten nebst systematischen Bemerkungen und Neubeschreibungen (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). 80. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer 67 (2): 74 - 121." type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="a">Puthz 1971a: 83</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FE9CAFFAFDC59AFE" author="Puthz V." box="[317,528,689,716]" page="259" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FE9CAFFAFDC59AFE" author="Puthz" box="[317,528,689,716]" firstAuthor="Puthz" page="259" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="239 - 292" refId="ref43931" refString="Puthz V. 1972 a. Zur Staphylinidenfauna des Balkans: die bisher aus Jugoslawien und angrenzenden Landern bekannten Steninen (Coleoptera. Staphylinidae). 63. [83!] Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Wissenschafliche Mitteilungen des Bosnisch-herzegovinischen Landesmuseums 1 (C): 239 - 292." type="book chapter" year="1972" yearSuffix="a">Puthz 1972a: 259</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FC2DAFFAFB8A9AFE" author="Bordoni A." box="[908,1119,690,716]" page="13" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1974">
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<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FB33AFFAFAA39AFE" author="Dauphin P." box="[1170,1398,690,716]" page="187" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1993">
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(pars). — 
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<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF1CAFB1FEDF9B21" box="[189,266,761,787]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus</emphasis>
(s. str.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FED3AFB0FE249B20" box="[370,497,760,786]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">melanopus</emphasis>
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– 
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<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FDB4AFB0FC709B20" author="Bernhauer &amp; Schubert" box="[533,933,760,786]" firstAuthor="Bernhauer" page="162" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="87 - 190" refId="ref40422" refString="Bernhauer M. &amp; Schubert K. 1911. Staphylinidae. II. In: Schenkling S. (ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 29: 87 - 190. W. Junk, Berlin." type="journal article" year="1911">Bernhauer &amp; Schubert 1911: 162</bibRefCitation>
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(pars). — 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FB8CAFB0FA9E9B20" author="Scheerpeltz O. von" box="[1069,1355,760,786]" page="1160" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1933">
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&lt;?&gt; 
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<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF4AAE15FEED9B45" box="[235,312,861,887]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FEE8AE16FE429B45" box="[329,407,862,887]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Nestus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FE09AE15FDCC9B45" box="[424,537,861,887]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">cribrellus</emphasis>
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&lt;?&gt; 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FF4AAED7FD4B9B8B" box="[235,670,926,953]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF4AAED7FE5A9B8A" box="[235,399,926,953]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus nitidus</emphasis>
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&lt;?&gt; 
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<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF4AAE8AFE589BE9" box="[235,397,961,988]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus nitidus</emphasis>
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– 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FE07AE89FD5E9BEE" box="[422,651,961,988]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FE07AE89FD5E9BEE" author="Erichson" box="[422,651,961,988]" firstAuthor="Erichson" page="703" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref40960" refString="Erichson W. F. 1840. Genera et species staphylinorum insectorum coleopterorum familiae: 401 - 954. F. H. Morin, Berlin. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59644" type="book" year="1840">Erichson 1840: 703</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FD16AE89FC1A9BEE" author="Kiesenwetter" box="[695,975,961,988]" firstAuthor="Kiesenwetter" page="224" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="220 - 227" refId="ref42289" refString="Kiesenwetter E. A. H. von 1845. Entomologische Notizen. Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin 6 (7): 220 - 227." type="journal article" year="1845">Kiesenwetter 1845: 224</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FC5BAE8AFB699BEE" box="[1018,1212,961,988]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FCA9A940FC739C10" author="Seidlitz" box="[776,934,1032,1058]" firstAuthor="Seidlitz" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref45580" refString="Seidlitz G. K. M. 1887 - 1891. Fauna Baltica. Die Kafer (Coleoptera) der deutschen Ostseeprovinzen Russlands. Zweite neu bearbeitete Auflage: 1 Taf. + 1 - 10 + I-LVI + 1 - 192 + 1 - 818. Hartungsche Verlagsdruckerei, Konigsberg." type="book" year="1887">Seidlitz 1887</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="288611C5C000FFE1FF1CA963FD1F9C74" box="[189,714,1067,1094]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
&lt;?&gt; 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FF4AA963FE2D9C77" ID-CoL="6ZQ56" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1835" box="[235,504,1067,1094]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus" subGenus="Nestus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF4AA963FEED9C77" box="[235,312,1067,1093]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FEE8A964FE429C77" box="[329,407,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Nestus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FE09A963FE2D9C77" box="[424,504,1067,1093]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FDB4A964FD139C74" box="[533,710,1067,1094]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FDB4A964FD139C74" author="Rey" box="[533,710,1067,1094]" firstAuthor="Rey" page="256" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="153 - 415" refId="ref44858" refString="Rey Cl. 1884. Tribu des Brevipennes. Deuxieme groupe: Micropeplides. Troisieme groupe: Stenides. Annales de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon (n. ser.) 30: 153 - 415." type="journal article" year="1884">Rey 1884: 256</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC000FFE1FF1CA925FC559CB5" blockId="44.[189,896,1132,1159]" box="[189,896,1132,1159]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="288611C5C000FFE1FF1CA925FC559CB5" box="[189,896,1132,1159]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
&lt;?&gt; 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FF4AA925FD799CB5" ID-CoL="6ZPVH" authority="Stephens, 1833: 295" authorityName="Stephens" authorityPageNumber="295" authorityYear="1833" box="[235,684,1132,1159]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF4AA925FE639CB4" box="[235,438,1132,1159]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus sulcicollis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FE1CA924FD799CB5" author="Stephens" box="[445,684,1132,1159]" firstAuthor="Stephens" page="295" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref46202" refString="Stephens J. F. 1833. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. V: 241 - 304. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8133" type="book" year="1833">Stephens, 1833: 295</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(nomen dubium).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC000FFE1FF1CA9E6FDB79CFA" blockId="44.[189,610,1198,1224]" box="[189,610,1198,1224]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="288611C5C000FFE1FF1CA9E6FDB79CFA" box="[189,610,1198,1224]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitation id="893710FAC000FFE1FF1CA9E6FD889CFA" author="Schaufuss L. W." box="[189,605,1198,1224]" page="621" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1882">
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FF1CA9E6FD889CFA" ID-CoL="52BH7" authority="Schaufuss, 1882: 621" authorityName="Schaufuss" authorityPageNumber="621" authorityYear="1882" box="[189,605,1198,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tythus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF1CA9E6FE829CFA" box="[189,343,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus tythus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC000FFE1FEFFA9E6FD889CFA" author="Schaufuss" box="[350,605,1198,1224]" firstAuthor="Schaufuss" page="621" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="619 - 624" refId="ref45420" refString="Schaufuss L. W. 1882. Zoologische Ergebnisse von Excursionen auf den Balearen. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 31 (1881): 619 - 624." type="journal article" year="1882">Schaufuss, 1882: 621</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="408C6560C000FFE1FF1CA9A7FCE99EE2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="082936EBC000FFE1FF1CA9A7FE7F9D3B" blockId="44.[189,426,1263,1289]" box="[189,426,1263,1289]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="53618187C000FFE1FF1CA9A7FE7F9D3B" bold="true" box="[189,426,1263,1289]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="3">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF1CA9A7FE7F9D3B" bold="true" box="[189,426,1263,1289]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC000FFE1FF1CA856FBC99DF7" blockId="44.[189,1399,1310,1477]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="B8FE3CB6C000FFE1FF1CA856FBCC9DF7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3890233424" collectingLocationText="Natural History Museum (=British Museum (Natural History)), London, UK (M. Barclay, M. Brendell)." collectionCode="BM" collectorName="A. B. Ryvkin" country="United Kingdom" location="Coll" pageId="44" pageNumber="3" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Indian ink" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="7081767BC000FFE1FF1CA856FF329D0A" box="[189,231,1310,1336]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="United Kingdom">UK</collectingCountry>
: 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C000FFE1FF5AA856FEA59D0A" box="[251,368,1310,1336]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated herein): 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C000FFE1FDD4A856FD5E9D0A" box="[629,651,1310,1336]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, &lt;small square of red paper&gt;, ‘53’ &lt;hand-written with black 
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FF1CA809FEE29D69" box="[189,311,1345,1371]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Indian ink</collectingRegion>
on small white oval&gt;, ‘British Isles. J. Stephens 
<location id="0D496030C000FFE1FC31A809FC139D69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:803F87FDC007FFFCFDADAB93FEAA9B1E:0D496030C000FFE1FC31A809FC139D69" box="[912,966,1345,1371]" country="United Kingdom" name="Coll" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Indian ink">Coll</location>
. BM 1853–46’ &lt;printed rectangular label&gt;, ‘Standing in Stephens 
<location id="0D496030C000FFE1FD9FA82CFDA19D4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:803F87FDC007FFFCFDADAB93FEAA9B1E:0D496030C000FFE1FD9FA82CFDA19D4C" box="[574,628,1380,1406]" country="United Kingdom" name="Coll" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Indian ink">Coll</location>
. as 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FD0EA82DFC5F9D4C" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[687,906,1380,1407]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FD0EA82DFC5F9D4C" box="[687,906,1380,1407]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FD0EA82DFD299D4D" box="[687,764,1381,1407]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus</collectingRegion>
melanopus
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Marsham’ &lt;printed rectangular label&gt;, ‘LECTOTYPUS’ &lt;my standard printed red label&gt;, ‘ 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C000FFE1FC8CA8C0FC389D90" box="[813,1005,1416,1442]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPUS</typeStatus>
| 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FBA9A8C0FB809D90" box="[1032,1109,1416,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FBA9A8C0FB809D90" box="[1032,1109,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FBA9A8C0FB809D90" box="[1032,1109,1416,1442]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
| 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FBCFA8CFFAB29D93" authority="Marsham" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[1134,1383,1415,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FBCFA8CFFB389D93" box="[1134,1261,1415,1441]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">melanopus</emphasis>
<location id="0D496030C000FFE1FB59A8CFFAB29D93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:803F87FDC007FFFCFDADAB93FEAA9B1E:0D496030C000FFE1FB59A8CFFAB29D93" box="[1272,1383,1415,1441]" country="United Kingdom" name="Marsham" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Indian ink">Marsham</location>
</taxonomicName>
| 
<collectorName id="A563533DC000FFE1FF1CA8E3FE849DF7" box="[189,337,1451,1477]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A.B. Ryvkin</collectorName>
des. 2003’ &lt;my standard printed determinative label&gt; (
<collectionCode id="6E87AE2EC000FFE1FC7CA8E3FBC59DF7" box="[989,1040,1451,1477]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">BM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC000FFE1FF1CA8A4FB1A9E1B" blockId="44.[189,1399,1515,1578]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="B8FE3CB6C000FFE1FF1CA8A4FAA79E34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3890233474" box="[189,1394,1515,1543]" collectingLocationText="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia (†G.S. Medvedev)." collectionCode="ZIN" country="France" location="Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy" pageId="44" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Stenus">
<collectingCountry id="7081767BC000FFE1FF1CA8A4FEE49E34" box="[189,305,1516,1542]" name="France" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="France">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
: 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C000FFE1FEE0A8A4FEBB9E35" box="[321,366,1516,1543]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, ‘806’, ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FE77A8A5FDF69E35" box="[470,547,1517,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FE77A8A5FDF69E35" box="[470,547,1517,1543]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FE77A8A5FDF69E35" box="[470,547,1517,1543]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
| 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FD98A8A4FD6D9E34" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[569,696,1516,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FD98A8A4FD6D9E34" box="[569,696,1516,1542]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
| 
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FD6FA8A4FCC89E34" box="[718,797,1516,1542]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Marsh</collectingRegion>
. | Gallia’ [
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C000FFE1FC34A8A5FC669E35" box="[917,947,1517,1543]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="generic">ex</specimenCount>
coll. 
<location id="0D496030C000FFE1FC56A8A3FACE9E34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:803F87FDC007FFFCFDADAB93FEAA9B1E:0D496030C000FFE1FC56A8A3FACE9E34" box="[1015,1307,1515,1542]" country="France" name="Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Stenus">Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy</location>
] (
<collectionCode id="6E87AE2EC000FFE1FA93A8A4FABC9E34" box="[1330,1385,1516,1542]" collectionName="Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="B8FE3CB6C000FFE1FF1CAB47FB1E9E1B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3890235334" box="[189,1227,1551,1578]" collectingLocationText="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia (†G.S. Medvedev)." collectionCode="ZIN" country="France" location="Stenus" pageId="44" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Stenus">
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C000FFE1FF1CAB47FF3C9E18" box="[189,233,1551,1578]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, ‘ 
<collectingCountry id="7081767BC000FFE1FF5DAB47FE8B9E1B" box="[252,350,1551,1577]" name="France" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="France">Corsica</collectingCountry>
. 4121 [= 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FE67AB58FD239E18" authority="Marsh." authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[454,758,1551,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FE67AB58FD4C9E1B" box="[454,665,1551,1578]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FE67AB58FDC69E18" box="[454,531,1552,1578]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Stenus</collectingRegion>
melanopus
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FD01AB47FD279E18" box="[672,754,1551,1578]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Marsh</collectingRegion>
.
</taxonomicName>
] – 2.’, ‘4121. 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C000FFE1FC3AAB47FBA29E1B" authority="Marsh." authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[923,1143,1551,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FC3AAB47FBCF9E1B" box="[923,1050,1551,1577]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">melanopus</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FB83AB47FBA19E1B" box="[1058,1140,1551,1577]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Marsh</collectingRegion>
.
</taxonomicName>
’ (
<collectionCode id="6E87AE2EC000FFE1FB2AAB47FB179E1B" box="[1163,1218,1551,1577]" collectionName="Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC000FFE1FF1CAB19FCCD9EBC" blockId="44.[189,1399,1617,1679]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="B8FE3CB6C000FFE1FF1CAB19FCC19EBC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3890233393" collectingDate="2003-05-05" collectingLocationText="Collection of A.B. Ryvkin, Moscow, Russia." collectionCode="AR" collectorName="A. V. Gontarenko" country="Ukraine" location="Krinichnoye" pageId="44" pageNumber="3" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Odessa">
<collectingCountry id="7081767BC000FFE1FF1CAB19FE949E59" box="[189,321,1617,1643]" name="Ukraine" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="Ukraine">UKRAINE</collectingCountry>
: 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C000FFE1FEF1AB19FEA89E59" box="[336,381,1617,1643]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C000FFE1FE28AB19FE1E9E59" box="[393,459,1617,1643]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FE79AB19FDF89E59" box="[472,557,1617,1643]" country="Ukraine" name="Odesa" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Odessa</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FD93AB19FDBB9E59" box="[562,622,1617,1643]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Area</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FDD8AB19FCBF9E59" box="[633,874,1617,1643]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Bolgradskiy District</collectingRegion>
, near 
<location id="0D496030C000FFE1FC0FAB19FB919E59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:803F87FDC007FFFCFDADAB93FEAA9B1E:0D496030C000FFE1FC0FAB19FB919E59" box="[942,1092,1617,1643]" country="Ukraine" name="Krinichnoye" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Odessa">Krinichnoye</location>
, fresh-water 
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FB7AAB19FAD99E59" box="[1243,1292,1617,1643]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">lake</collectingRegion>
shore, in reed drift, 
<date id="7C28102BC000FFE1FE99AB3CFE1D9EBC" box="[312,456,1652,1679]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2003-05-05">
<collectingDate id="6C6CE9C3C000FFE1FE99AB3CFE1D9EBC" box="[312,456,1652,1679]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2003-05-05">5 May 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="A563533DC000FFE1FE72AB3CFD4C9EBC" box="[467,665,1652,1678]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A.V. Gontarenko</collectorName>
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C000FFE1FD00AB3CFD1D9EBC" box="[673,712,1652,1678]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">leg</collectingRegion>
. (
<collectionCode id="6E87AE2EC000FFE1FD7DAB3CFCDF9EBC" box="[732,778,1652,1678]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">AR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC000FFE1FF1CABFEFCE99EE2" blockId="44.[189,828,1717,1744]" box="[189,828,1717,1744]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="B8FE3CB6C000FFE1FF1CABFEFCEC9EE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3890233319" box="[189,825,1717,1744]" collectingLocationText="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia (†G.S. Medvedev)." collectionCode="ZIN" country="Algeria" location="ALGERIA" pageId="44" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Zin">
<collectingCountry id="7081767BC000FFE1FF1CABFEFEEB9EE2" box="[189,318,1718,1744]" name="Algeria" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="Algeria">ALGERIA</collectingCountry>
: 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C000FFE1FEECABFEFEAE9EE2" box="[333,379,1718,1744]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, ‘186’, ‘? 
<collectingCountry id="7081767BC000FFE1FE52ABFDFD9E9EFD" box="[499,587,1717,1743]" name="Algeria" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Algeria</collectingCountry>
|? Deyrolle.’ (
<collectionCode id="6E87AE2EC000FFE1FD58ABFEFCE59EE2" box="[761,816,1718,1744]" collectionName="Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="408C6560C000FFE1FF1CABBFFE559FB4" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="082936EBC000FFE1FF1CABBFFDEF9F23" blockId="44.[189,570,1783,1809]" box="[189,570,1783,1809]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="53618187C000FFE1FF1CABBFFDEF9F23" bold="true" box="[189,570,1783,1809]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="3">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C000FFE1FF1CABBFFDEF9F23" bold="true" box="[189,570,1783,1809]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Measurements of the 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C000FFE1FE6BABBFFDEF9F23" box="[458,570,1783,1809]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC000FFE1FF1CAA6DFE559FB4" blockId="44.[189,1399,1829,1926]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Entire body length: 
<quantity id="CF6E9B0EC000FFE1FE08AA6EFDD29F72" box="[425,519,1830,1856]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
; head width: 48; pronotum length: 45; pronotum width: 45; elytral length: 59; elytral length by the suture: 50; elytral width between humeri: 53; maximum elytral width (in posterior ¼): 64.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="408C6560C001FFFDFF1CAC43FBE19FE1" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="082936EBC001FFE0FF1CAC43FEFA9917" blockId="45.[189,303,267,293]" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<heading id="53618187C001FFE0FF1CAC43FEFA9917" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="3">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C001FFE0FF1CAC43FEFA9917" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC001FFE0FF1CAC71FC2A9A15" blockId="45.[189,1399,313,551]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
The 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C001FFE0FF51AC71FE899961" box="[240,348,313,339]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C001FFE0FEDFAC72FDCC9961" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[382,537,313,340]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C001FFE0FEDFAC72FDCC9961" box="[382,537,313,340]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is designated from among the 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C001FFE0FCD7AC71FBF29961" box="[886,1063,313,339]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
under this name in Stephens’ collection and originating likely, at least in part, from Marsham’s collection. Only this female belongs to 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C001FFE0FF7FACC8FE8899A8" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[222,349,384,410]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C001FFE0FF7FACC8FE8899A8" box="[222,349,384,410]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the commonly accepted interpretation. Only this specimen has been marked with a small patch of red paper and only for this specimen is the number ‘53’ indicated, which corresponds to the number of the species in Stephens’ ‘Illustrations of British Entomology’; it is believed to have been placed by Waterhouse on a small white oval label, without additional daggers. I have transferred it to a new rectangular board; the old, smaller board remains on the same pin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC001FFE0FF1CAF06FE6A9B2A" blockId="45.[189,1399,590,792]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
Similar problems that have arisen during the revision of the collections of Marsham, Kirby, and Stephens have been discussed many times by many authors (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC001FFE0FCE0AF39FBD69AB9" author="Tottenham" box="[833,1027,625,651]" firstAuthor="Tottenham" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="190 - 191" refId="ref46625" refString="Tottenham C. E. 1937. Note on species of Philonthus in the Stephens collection. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 73: 190 - 191." type="journal article" year="1937">Tottenham 1937</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC001FFE0FBAEAF39FB059AB9" author="Hammond" box="[1039,1232,625,651]" firstAuthor="Hammond" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="129 - 135" refId="ref41813" refString="Hammond P. M. 1972. On the type material of Staphylinidae (Col.) described by T. Marsham and J. F. Stephens. Entomologist's Gazette 23: 129 - 135." type="journal article" year="1972">Hammond 1972</bibRefCitation>
). An excellent historical reference was kindly compiled by Mrs. Sharon Shute (Department of Entomology, BM), in addition to the material received by me on loan in 2002. Below, I give a slightly abbreviated version of the text of this reference with the permission of the author and management of the Department [e-mail of 
<date id="7C28102BC001FFE0FF7CAFB6FE609B2A" box="[221,437,765,792]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2004-02-20">February 20 2004</date>
]:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC001FFE0FF1CAE08FDC69B6B" blockId="45.[189,1399,831,1808]" box="[189,531,831,858]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
“ 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C001FFE0FF6BAE08FDC69B6B" authority="Marsham" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[202,531,831,858]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C001FFE0FF6BAE08FE489B6B" box="[202,413,831,858]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Stenus melanopus</emphasis>
Marsham
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC001FFE0FF1CAE2BFB689F22" blockId="45.[189,1399,831,1808]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
This species was described by 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC001FFE0FD9BAE2BFD269B4F" author="Marsham" box="[570,755,867,893]" firstAuthor="Marsham" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref42860" refString="Marsham T. 1802. Entomologia britannica, sistens insecta, Britanniae indigena, secundum methodum Linnaeanum disposita. Tomus I. Coleoptera: I-XXXI + 1 - 549. Wilks &amp; Taylor, Londini." type="book" year="1802">Marsham 1802</bibRefCitation>
. Stephens redescribes this species, in Illustrations of British Entomology […]. Stephens acquired specimens from Marsham’s collection when it was sold after his death and normally indicates in his text if he had a Marsham specimen. The species name in the Illustrations is attributed to Marsham, however, he does not mention that he had Marsham’s specimen. The 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C001FFE0FF50AEA7FE479C3B" box="[241,402,1007,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName>
in the Stephens collection normally bear small, white, round labels if they come from the Marsham collection, (see 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC001FFE0FDB0A95BFD039C1F" author="Hammond" box="[529,726,1042,1069]" firstAuthor="Hammond" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="129 - 135" refId="ref41813" refString="Hammond P. M. 1972. On the type material of Staphylinidae (Col.) described by T. Marsham and J. F. Stephens. Entomologist's Gazette 23: 129 - 135." type="journal article" year="1972">Hammond 1972</bibRefCitation>
[…]). It is thought these were put on by Stephens, although they do not occur on the specimens of the species of many other families in his collection although we know from Stephens sale list of the Marsham collection that he did indeed purchase specimens of many of these species. The larger oval white labels with black ink numbers are (? Waterhouse) attached to all 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C001FFE0FF42A9D7FE439C8B" box="[227,406,1183,1209]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
of this species in the Stephens collection. The numbers on these labels refers to the species number in The Illustrations Vol. 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C001FFE0FD34A98BFD399CEF" box="[661,748,1219,1245]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="variety" variety="there">v. there</taxonomicName>
is no indication what the asterisks mean. None of these specimens have a Marsham round, white label, whereas other species within this genus do. This is a mystery because Waterhouse in his paper with Janson, on some of the British 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C001FFE0FBECA842FB4F9D16" box="[1101,1178,1290,1316]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C001FFE0FBECA842FB4F9D16" box="[1101,1178,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Stenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, […], says that the ‘type’ is in the Stephens collection. This may have been an assumption on his part and he may not have known what the round, white labels meant. The fact that Stephens does not mention having Marsham’s specimen at the time of the redescription I think can be taken to assume he did not have it in his collection. Although the series label is not in his hand and could be Marsham’s ???. […] It may be advisable to select a 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C001FFE0FE45A8F2FD949DE6" box="[484,577,1466,1492]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
from the Stephens collection as without a label on the specimen it will not be possible to identify which if any of the 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C001FFE0FCB6A894FC1F9DC4" box="[791,970,1500,1526]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
came from the Marsham collection. Please note that as the specimens in the Stephens and Kirby collections do not have any locality data it is not possible to tell if the specimens are those he had in front of him at the time of his descriptions or later additions. It is known that he exchanged material and often disposed of specimens if he collected ‘better’ ones which is why in a number of cases it has been found that the specimens standing as a particular species in Stephens collections do not fit his description. Care must be taken when using these specimens to ‘fix’ names, to take account of common usage of names and the common interpretations of such species before changing names as a result of examining Stephens specimens, which should in every case be carefully checked against Stephen’s description. […]” [e-mail of 
<date id="7C28102BC001FFE0FBB6ABBEFB639F22" box="[1047,1206,1781,1808]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2002-05-16">May 16 2002</date>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC001FFE0FF1CAA7FFAA39FEC" blockId="45.[189,1399,1847,2015]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
Unfortunately, Marsham's original description cannot help sufficiently with identification of the original 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C001FFE0FF1CAA13FF259F47" box="[189,240,1883,1909]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
specimen: ‘St. niger obscurus scaber, pedibus concoloribus. Long. corp. 1½ lin. Habitat -----. Descr. Simillimus 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C001FFE0FEE9AA36FE1D9FAA" box="[328,456,1918,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immuni">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C001FFE0FEE9AA36FE1D9FAA" box="[328,456,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">St. immuni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, at pedes omnino nigri.’ Every third 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C001FFE0FC2AAA36FC0D9FAA" box="[907,984,1918,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C001FFE0FC2AAA36FC0D9FAA" box="[907,984,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Stenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species appears to conform to the diagnosis cited. Even the reference to 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C001FFE0FD23AAE9FCD69F89" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[642,771,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immunis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C001FFE0FD23AAE9FD449F89" box="[642,657,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C001FFE0FD01AAEAFCD69F89" box="[672,771,1954,1979]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">immunis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described by Marsham in the same monograph, can add little clarity to solving this problem. The latter name, having been synonymized with no evident
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC002FFE3FF1CAC43FC50997A" blockId="46.[189,1398,267,329]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
proof with either 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FE34AC44FCAB9917" authority="Gravenhorst, 1802" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1802" box="[405,894,267,294]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis" subGenus="Nestus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FE34AC44FE719914" box="[405,420,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FE61AC44FDDB9917" box="[448,526,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Nestus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FD85AC43FD409917" box="[548,661,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">circularis</emphasis>
Gravenhorst, 1802
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FC0CAC44FF2F997A" authority="Gravenhorst, 1806" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1806" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes" subGenus="Hemistenus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FC0CAC44FC699914" box="[941,956,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FC79AC44FBB49917" box="[984,1121,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hemistenus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FBD7AC43FB069917" box="[1142,1235,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">pallipes</emphasis>
Gravenhorst, 1806
</taxonomicName>
, at different times, requires a separate revision in itself.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC002FFE3FF1CAC38FAA29B02" blockId="46.[189,1399,368,817]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
The redescription by 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC002FFE3FE1EAC38FD5199B8" author="Stephens" box="[447,644,368,394]" firstAuthor="Stephens" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref46202" refString="Stephens J. F. 1833. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. V: 241 - 304. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8133" type="book" year="1833">Stephens (1833)</bibRefCitation>
, on the contrary, is much more detailed and corresponds well, in main features, to the 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FE7AACDBFD8F999F" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[475,602,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FE7AACDBFD8F999F" box="[475,602,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in commonly accepted interpretation. The only inconsistency may be found in the coloration of the maxillar palpi: ‘antennae and palpi black, immaculate’ whereas the basal segment of the palpi is in fact yellow. The following information provides an explanation for this inconsistency: ‘It is said of Stephens that he declined to use a microscope regularly believing that what could not be seen with the naked eye was not worth studying’ (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC002FFE3FC2CAF68FBCA9A08" author="Darby" box="[909,1055,544,570]" firstAuthor="Darby" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref40763" refString="Darby M. 2010. Biographical Dictionary of British Coleopterists. http: // coleopterist. org. uk / biogdict / s. htm." type="url" year="2010">Darby 2010</bibRefCitation>
). I can confirm that the colour of the basal segment of the palpi may be poorly visible in a total specimen even at a high magnification. The redescription given by Waterhouse &amp; Janson (1855) ‘according to the 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C002FFE3FB95AF2FFBB29AB3" box="[1076,1127,615,641]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
specimen in Stephens’ Coll.’ relates undoubtedly to 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FDBDAFC2FD6E9A96" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[540,699,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FDBDAFC2FDFE9A96" box="[540,555,650,676]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FD9DAFC2FD6E9A96" box="[572,699,650,676]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in commonly accepted interpretation and conforms to the unique female mentioned above. It is necessary to remember that the paper by Waterhouse &amp; Janson (1855) was published just about three years after the death of Stephens, by authors who had been close to him and had known his collection for many years. Thus, both the redescriptions obviously indicate that Stephens had at least a specimen of the ‘true’ 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FD72AE5EFC879B02" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[723,850,790,816]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FD72AE5EFC879B02" box="[723,850,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in front of him at the time of his redescription.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC002FFE3FF1CAE10FD7C9E3D" blockId="46.[189,1399,856,1551]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
I suppose ‘the label problem’ to be confused in this case not so far as the author of the aforementioned historical reference finds. Waterhouse &amp; Janson (1855) reported that ‘the specimens which Mr. Stephens used to call his ‘ 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FE20AED7FDEF9B8A" box="[385,570,927,952]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C002FFE3FE20AED7FE6D9B8A" box="[385,440,927,952]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
specimens
</emphasis>
’ are almost always marked by some kind of ticket attached to the pin holding the insect. The Marshamian specimens are thus marked by a round yellow ticket; and when the species is described in the ‘ 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FDA4AEADFCF79BCC" box="[517,802,997,1023]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Entomologia Britannica</emphasis>
’, a number will be found on the under side of the ticket, corresponding to the number of the species in that work. Other 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C002FFE3FC4EA940FBF79C10" box="[1007,1058,1032,1058]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
specimens are either marked by a round white ticket without a number, or by a small square ticket with a number. Mr. Stephens’ own species are not marked’. I should like to stress the words ‘almost always’ in the text cited. In my opinion, they may prove that not all the ‘ 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C002FFE3FD91A93AFDBD9CBE" box="[560,616,1138,1164]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
specimens’ in the collection were actually marked in the way they described. About the small round labels 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC002FFE3FD04A9DDFCAD9C9D" author="Hammond" box="[677,888,1173,1199]" firstAuthor="Hammond" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="129 - 135" refId="ref41813" refString="Hammond P. M. 1972. On the type material of Staphylinidae (Col.) described by T. Marsham and J. F. Stephens. Entomologist's Gazette 23: 129 - 135." type="journal article" year="1972">Hammond (1972)</bibRefCitation>
mentions: ‘All internal evidence from the collection suggests that the colour of these labels is of no great significance but that they all indicate specimens originating from Marsham’s collection’; however, he did not present valid arguments against the possibility that specimens without such round tickets or having labels of other shapes may also have belonged to the named collection. The same author further stated: ‘The significance of certain other labels attached to various specimens, including white rectangles bearing a number and small red squares of paper, has not been discovered’; however, these ‘white rectangles’ may have conformed to the ‘small square tickets with a number’ in the aforecited fragment by Waterhouse &amp; Janson (1855). Apropos, the latter authors did not indicate a colour of the ‘tickets’, and the small red squares of paper may be analogs of the white rectangles: as we can see in the text, Waterhouse &amp; Janson did not regard the numbers as indispensable attributes of the 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C002FFE3FD82A8BDFD839E3D" box="[547,598,1525,1551]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
labels.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC002FFE3FF1CAB7EFE909EA5" blockId="46.[189,1399,1590,1687]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Stephens never stated that all the material from Marsham’s collection would be specified separately in his ‘Illustrations’. Indeed, he mentioned such material directly in the 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FBA3AB12FB9A9E46" box="[1026,1103,1626,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FBA3AB12FB9A9E46" box="[1026,1103,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Stenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
section in the following three cases:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC002FFE3FF1CABF6FC309F2C" blockId="46.[189,1399,1726,1999]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
1. under 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FE96ABF6FD569EEA" authority="Stephens, 1833" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[311,643,1726,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marshami">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FE96ABF6FE1C9EEA" box="[311,457,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S. marshami</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC002FFE3FE71ABF6FD569EEA" author="Stephens" box="[464,643,1726,1752]" firstAuthor="Stephens" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref46202" refString="Stephens J. F. 1833. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. V: 241 - 304. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8133" type="book" year="1833">Stephens, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FD05ABF6FB889EEA" authority="Stephens, 1833" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[676,1117,1726,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnipes" subGenus="Tesnus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FD05ABF6FD669EEA" box="[676,691,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FD6AABF7FCCF9EEA" box="[715,794,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Tesnus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FC8BABF6FC4A9EEA" box="[810,927,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">brunnipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC002FFE3FC07ABF6FB889EEA" author="Stephens" box="[934,1117,1726,1752]" firstAuthor="Stephens" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref46202" refString="Stephens J. F. 1833. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. V: 241 - 304. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8133" type="book" year="1833">Stephens, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; = 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FBD8ABF6FEFF9EC9" authority="Marsham, 1802" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immunis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FBD8ABF6FB5D9EEA" box="[1145,1160,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FB37ABF7FB2C9EEA" box="[1174,1273,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">immunis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC002FFE3FAA1ABF6FEFF9EC9" author="Marsham" firstAuthor="Marsham" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref42860" refString="Marsham T. 1802. Entomologia britannica, sistens insecta, Britanniae indigena, secundum methodum Linnaeanum disposita. Tomus I. Coleoptera: I-XXXI + 1 - 549. Wilks &amp; Taylor, Londini." type="book" year="1802">Marsham, 1802</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pars); it was, at least in part, based on material in the series of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FBE3ABAAFB709EC9" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[1090,1189,1762,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immunis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FBE3ABAAFB709EC9" box="[1090,1189,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">immunis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Marsham’s collection (see the ‘Systematic Catalogue’: Stephens 1929: 289);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC002FFE3FF1CAA60FC9D9FFC" blockId="46.[189,1399,1726,1999]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
2. under 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FE96AA60FDA29F70" authority="Marsham, 1802" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[311,631,1831,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immunis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FE96AA60FE939F70" box="[311,326,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FEF5AA60FE629F73" box="[340,439,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">immunis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC002FFE3FE1EAA6FFDA29F70" author="Marsham" box="[447,631,1831,1858]" firstAuthor="Marsham" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref42860" refString="Marsham T. 1802. Entomologia britannica, sistens insecta, Britanniae indigena, secundum methodum Linnaeanum disposita. Tomus I. Coleoptera: I-XXXI + 1 - 549. Wilks &amp; Taylor, Londini." type="book" year="1802">Marsham, 1802</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(the name requires a revision, see above); since the series proved to be heterogeneous, it was reasonable to show that a part of the original series remained under the name of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C002FFE3FE2DAA27FE3A9FBA" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[396,495,1903,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immunis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C002FFE3FE2DAA27FE3A9FBA" box="[396,495,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">immunis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; besides, since Marsham’s descriptions did not contain precise references to localities, Stephens gave additional data (London &amp; 
<collectingRegion id="CA52F809C002FFE3FC28AAD9FC3E9F9E" box="[905,1003,1937,1964]" country="United Kingdom" name="Norfolk" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Norfolk</collectingRegion>
), having mentioned that his own specimens came ‘from the Marshamian collection’;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC003FFE2FF1CAC43FC0A995E" blockId="47.[189,1399,267,364]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
3. under 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FE97AC44FD849917" authority="Stephens, 1833" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[310,593,267,294]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FE97AC44FE429917" box="[310,407,267,294]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. laevis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FE3FAC43FD849917" author="Stephens" box="[414,593,267,293]" firstAuthor="Stephens" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref46202" refString="Stephens J. F. 1833. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. V: 241 - 304. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8133" type="book" year="1833">Stephens, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FDD3AC44FBB69917" authority="Stephens, 1833" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[626,1123,267,294]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pubescens" subGenus="Metatesnus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FDD3AC44FD549914" box="[626,641,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FD39AC44FCCB9917" box="[664,798,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Metatesnus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FC8FAC43FC729917" box="[814,935,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">pubescens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FC0CAC43FBB69917" author="Stephens" box="[941,1123,267,293]" firstAuthor="Stephens" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref46202" refString="Stephens J. F. 1833. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. V: 241 - 304. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8133" type="book" year="1833">Stephens, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), which he attributed to Marsham and therefore, to explain the posthumous attribution, found it appropriate to mention that his specimen had been ‘obtained from the Marshamian cabinet’.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC003FFE2FF1CACDCFDC49AB2" blockId="47.[189,1399,403,640]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
However, I can find no reasons for particularly citing material from Marsham's cabinet under the name 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FEA8ACFEFE5D99E2" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[265,392,438,464]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FEA8ACFEFE5D99E2" box="[265,392,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the species was thoroughly described and published by Marsham. It was a well known fact that Stephens had purchased Marsham’s collection. In this case, Stephens merely gave the redescription more detailed based on the ‘ 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C003FFE2FD3AACB5FD069A25" box="[667,723,509,535]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
specimen’ and then added: ‘Also found, not uncommonly, within the metropolitan district and in Norfolk’, with a reference to the habitat data provided by L. W. Dillwyn, Esq. The word ‘also’ here means, in my opinion, that the above redescription is based on Marsham’s original material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC003FFE2FF1CAFE0FABF9AD7" blockId="47.[189,1398,680,742]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Based on the statement by Waterhouse &amp; Janson (1855), as well as on all the facts aforesaid, I consider the specimen under discussion to be an original 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C003FFE2FD50AF84FCF19AD4" box="[753,804,716,742]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
specimen that can be designated as the 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C003FFE2FB56AF83FAB39AD7" box="[1271,1382,715,741]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC003FFE2FF1CAE44FE269C9F" blockId="47.[189,1399,780,1197]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
The remaining 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C003FFE2FED3AE44FDFA9B14" box="[370,559,780,806]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C003FFE2FDE2AE45FDBB9B15" box="[579,622,781,807]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FD36AE45FB5E9B15" authority="Stephens, 1833" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[663,1163,780,807]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnipes" subGenus="Tesnus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FD36AE45FD319B15" box="[663,740,781,807]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Stenus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FD54AE45FC919B14" box="[757,836,781,806]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Tesnus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FCF7AE44FC1E9B14" box="[854,971,780,806]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">brunnipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FC72AE44FB5E9B15" author="Stephens" box="[979,1163,780,807]" firstAuthor="Stephens" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref46202" refString="Stephens J. F. 1833. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. V: 241 - 304. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8133" type="book" year="1833">Stephens, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C003FFE2FB39AE45FB129B15" box="[1176,1223,781,807]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C003FFE2FB75AE45FAD49B15" box="[1236,1281,781,807]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FA8BAE45FDC29B78" authority="Ljungh, 1810" authorityName="Ljungh" authorityYear="1810" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boops" subGenus="Nestus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FA8BAE45FAA29B15" box="[1322,1399,781,807]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Stenus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FF66AE79FEC09B78" box="[199,277,817,842]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Nestus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FE86AE78FEB89B78" box="[295,365,816,842]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">boops</emphasis>
Ljungh, 1810
</taxonomicName>
) have not been marked as 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C003FFE2FCF6AE78FBD59B78" box="[855,1024,816,842]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
inasmuch as their belonging to the original 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C003FFE2FEEBAE1BFEA89B5F" box="[330,381,851,877]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
series seems improbable; all those have been supplied with my common determinative labels. Each of these specimens has also been labelled by Waterhouse: ‘The species follow in succession, in the cabinet, in accordance with the descriptions in the “ 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FCF9AED1FC329B81" box="[856,999,921,947]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Illustrations</emphasis>
,” but in one or two instances there have undoubtedly been some accidental transpositions; and to prevent further changes of this nature, all the species, and indeed nearly all the specimens, have now been numbered to correspond with the numbers of the species as given in the “Manual.” [= 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FC88A94BFC349C2F" author="Stephens" box="[809,993,1026,1053]" firstAuthor="Stephens" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref46283" refString="Stephens J. F. 1839. A manual of British Coleoptera, or beetles; containing a brief description of all the species of beetles hitherto ascertained to inhabit Great Britain and Ireland; together with a notice of their chief localities, times and places of appearances, etc.: i-xii + 1 - 443. Longman, Orme Brown, Green, and Longmans, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59227" type="book" year="1839">Stephens 1839</bibRefCitation>
]. The numbers here alluded to are on small oval tickets attached to the specimens […]’ (Waterhouse &amp; Janson 1855). Besides the number ‘53’, the oval individual labels bear additional markings: one dagger under 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FBE0A902FB009C51" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[1089,1237,1097,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnipes">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FBE0A902FB009C51" box="[1089,1237,1097,1124]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. brunnipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; two daggers (one under another) under each of the specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FCBBA925FCA89CB4" authorityName="Ljungh" authorityYear="1810" box="[794,893,1132,1159]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boops">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FCBBA925FCFC9CB5" box="[794,809,1133,1159]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FC96A924FCA89CB4" box="[823,893,1132,1158]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">boops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The daggers may have marked extraneous species within each series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC003FFE2FF1CA99DFE8A9E43" blockId="47.[189,1399,1236,1650]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
In different times different species have been erroneously synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FB64A99DFABB9CDC" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[1221,1390,1236,1263]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FB64A99DFABB9CDC" box="[1221,1390,1236,1263]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FF1CA9B0FF199D20" box="[189,204,1272,1298]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FF45A9B0FF2D9D23" box="[228,248,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FEB1A9B0FEA99D23" box="[272,380,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">capitatus</emphasis>
Eppelsheim, 1878 (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FDC6A9BFFD289D20" author="Fauvel" box="[615,765,1271,1298]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="83 - 162" refId="ref41198" refString="Fauvel A. 1878. Les Staphylinides de l'Afrique boreale. Bulletin de la Societe Linneenne de Normandie (3) 2: 83 - 162." type="journal article" year="1878">Fauvel 1878</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FCA8A9B0FC929D20" author="Fauvel" box="[777,839,1272,1298]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 189" refId="ref41283" refString="Fauvel A. 1902. Catalogue des Staphylinides de la Barbarie de la Basse-Egypte et des Iles Acores, Maderes, Salvages et Canaries (5 e edition). Revue d'Entomologie 21: 45 - 189." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FCF5A9BFFC399D20" author="Fowler" box="[852,1004,1271,1298]" firstAuthor="Fowler" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref41362" refString="Fowler W. W. 1888. The Coleoptera of the British Islands. A descriptive account of the families, genera, and species indigenous to Great Britain and Ireland, with notes as to localities, habitats, etc. Vol. II. Staphylinidae. Vol. V: 1 - 444. L. Reeve and Co., London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48457" type="book" year="1888">Fowler 1888</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FC58A9BFFB129D20" author="Ganglbauer" box="[1017,1223,1271,1298]" firstAuthor="Ganglbauer" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref41443" refString="Ganglbauer L. 1895. Die Kafer von Mitteleuropa. Die Kafer der osterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie, Deutschlands, der Schweiz, sowie des franzosischen und italienischen Alpengebietes. Zweiter Band. Familienreiche Staphylinoidea. 1. Theil: Staphylinidae, Pselaphidae: i-vi + 1 - 881. Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8764" type="book" year="1895">Ganglbauer 1895</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FB72A9BFFABC9D20" author="Reitter" box="[1235,1385,1271,1298]" firstAuthor="Reitter" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref44821" refString="Reitter E. 1909. Fauna Germanica. Die Kafer des Deutschen Reiches. Nach der analytischen Methode bearbeitet. II. Band: 1 - 392. K. G. Lutz' Verlag, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1909">Reitter 1909</bibRefCitation>
), 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FF1CA853FF199D07" box="[189,204,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FF49A854FF299D07" box="[232,252,1308,1333]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FEB9A853FE549D07" box="[280,385,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">discretus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FE2DA853FDD29D07" author="Rey" box="[396,519,1307,1333]" firstAuthor="Rey" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="153 - 415" refId="ref44858" refString="Rey Cl. 1884. Tribu des Brevipennes. Deuxieme groupe: Micropeplides. Troisieme groupe: Stenides. Annales de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon (n. ser.) 30: 153 - 415." type="journal article" year="1884">Rey, 1884</bibRefCitation>
(now a synonym of 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FCADA853FCCE9D07" box="[780,795,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FC96A854FC9E9D07" box="[823,843,1308,1333]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FCC6A854FC6A9D07" box="[871,959,1308,1333]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">crassus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FC6BA853FB579D07" author="Stephens" box="[970,1154,1307,1333]" firstAuthor="Stephens" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref46202" refString="Stephens J. F. 1833. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. V: 241 - 304. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8133" type="book" year="1833">Stephens, 1833</bibRefCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FB3FA853FAA79D07" author="Ganglbauer" box="[1182,1394,1306,1333]" firstAuthor="Ganglbauer" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref41443" refString="Ganglbauer L. 1895. Die Kafer von Mitteleuropa. Die Kafer der osterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie, Deutschlands, der Schweiz, sowie des franzosischen und italienischen Alpengebietes. Zweiter Band. Familienreiche Staphylinoidea. 1. Theil: Staphylinidae, Pselaphidae: i-vi + 1 - 881. Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8764" type="book" year="1895">Ganglbauer 1895</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FF1CA876FE849D6A" author="Fauvel" box="[189,337,1342,1368]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 189" refId="ref41283" refString="Fauvel A. 1902. Catalogue des Staphylinides de la Barbarie de la Basse-Egypte et des Iles Acores, Maderes, Salvages et Canaries (5 e edition). Revue d'Entomologie 21: 45 - 189." type="journal article" year="1902">Fauvel 1902</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FEFDA876FE259D6A" author="Reitter" box="[348,496,1342,1368]" firstAuthor="Reitter" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref44821" refString="Reitter E. 1909. Fauna Germanica. Die Kafer des Deutschen Reiches. Nach der analytischen Methode bearbeitet. II. Band: 1 - 392. K. G. Lutz' Verlag, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1909">Reitter 1909</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FE5AA876FC909D6A" author="Bernhauer &amp; Schubert" box="[507,837,1342,1368]" firstAuthor="Bernhauer" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="87 - 190" refId="ref40422" refString="Bernhauer M. &amp; Schubert K. 1911. Staphylinidae. II. In: Schenkling S. (ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 29: 87 - 190. W. Junk, Berlin." type="journal article" year="1911">Bernhauer &amp; Schubert 1911</bibRefCitation>
; L. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FCCEA876FBD29D6A" author="Benick" box="[879,1031,1342,1368]" firstAuthor="Benick" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref40341" refString="Benick L. 1929. Steninae (Staphyl.). Bestimmungs-Tabellen der europaischen Coleopteren 96: 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1929">Benick 1929</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FBB3A876FB6E9D6A" author="Dauphin" box="[1042,1211,1342,1368]" firstAuthor="Dauphin" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="177 - 192" refId="ref40789" refString="Dauphin P. 1993. Notes sur les Stenus francais (Coleoptera Staphylinidae). 2. Le sous-genre Nestus. L'Entomologiste 49 (4): 177 - 192." type="journal article" year="1993">Dauphin 1993</bibRefCitation>
), 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FB6EA876FB0B9D6A" box="[1231,1246,1342,1368]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FB54A877FADC9D6A" box="[1269,1289,1343,1368]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FA81A877FAA39D6A" box="[1312,1398,1343,1368]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ignotus</emphasis>
Eppelsheim, 1890 (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FE3CA829FDE69D49" author="Fauvel" box="[413,563,1377,1403]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 189" refId="ref41283" refString="Fauvel A. 1902. Catalogue des Staphylinides de la Barbarie de la Basse-Egypte et des Iles Acores, Maderes, Salvages et Canaries (5 e edition). Revue d'Entomologie 21: 45 - 189." type="journal article" year="1902">Fauvel 1902</bibRefCitation>
), 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FDE4A82AFD819D4E" box="[581,596,1378,1404]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FDCAA82AFDAA9D49" box="[619,639,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FD34A82AFD209D49" box="[661,757,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">piscator</emphasis>
Saulcy, 1864 (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FC3FA829FBE09D49" author="Fauvel" box="[926,1077,1377,1403]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 189" refId="ref41283" refString="Fauvel A. 1902. Catalogue des Staphylinides de la Barbarie de la Basse-Egypte et des Iles Acores, Maderes, Salvages et Canaries (5 e edition). Revue d'Entomologie 21: 45 - 189." type="journal article" year="1902">Fauvel 1902</bibRefCitation>
), 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FBE6A82AFB839D4E" box="[1095,1110,1378,1404]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FBCDA82AFB559D49" box="[1132,1152,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FB36A829FB239D49" box="[1175,1270,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">arctulus</emphasis>
Hochhuth, 1849 (now a synonym of 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FE50A8CDFDD59DAD" box="[497,512,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FDB8A8CDFDF89DAC" box="[537,557,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FDE6A8CDFD779DAC" box="[583,674,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">incanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FD0AA8CCFC8A9DAC" author="Erichson" box="[683,863,1412,1438]" firstAuthor="Erichson" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref40929" refString="Erichson W. F. 1839. Die Kafer der Mark Brandenburg. Erster Band. Zweite Abteilung: 385 - 740. F. H. Morin, Berlin." type="book" year="1839">Erichson, 1839</bibRefCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FCD9A8CCFBC49DAC" author="Fauvel" box="[888,1041,1412,1438]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 189" refId="ref41283" refString="Fauvel A. 1902. Catalogue des Staphylinides de la Barbarie de la Basse-Egypte et des Iles Acores, Maderes, Salvages et Canaries (5 e edition). Revue d'Entomologie 21: 45 - 189." type="journal article" year="1902">Fauvel 1902</bibRefCitation>
), 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FB86A8CDFBE39DAD" box="[1063,1078,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FBEEA8CDFBB69DAC" box="[1103,1123,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FBDCA8CCFB089DAC" box="[1149,1245,1412,1438]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">morulus</emphasis>
Baudi, 1870 (now a synonym of 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FE15A8E0FE169DF0" box="[436,451,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FE7FA8E0FE279DF3" box="[478,498,1448,1473]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FDACA8E0FDB89DF3" box="[525,621,1448,1473]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">piscator</emphasis>
Saulcy, 1864) (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FC8EA8EFFC129DF0" author="Fauvel" box="[815,967,1447,1474]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 189" refId="ref41283" refString="Fauvel A. 1902. Catalogue des Staphylinides de la Barbarie de la Basse-Egypte et des Iles Acores, Maderes, Salvages et Canaries (5 e edition). Revue d'Entomologie 21: 45 - 189." type="journal article" year="1902">Fauvel 1902</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FBAFA8E0FBC89DF0" box="[1038,1053,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FB98A8E0FB989DF3" box="[1081,1101,1448,1473]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FBC9A8EFFB0E9DF3" box="[1128,1243,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sulcifrons</emphasis>
Eppelsheim, 1878 (now a synonym of 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FE4FA883FE289DD7" box="[494,509,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FDB4A884FDFC9DD7" box="[533,553,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FDE3A884FD779DD7" box="[578,674,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">piscator</emphasis>
Saulcy, 1864) (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FCFDA883FC209DD7" author="Fauvel" box="[860,1013,1483,1509]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="45 - 189" refId="ref41283" refString="Fauvel A. 1902. Catalogue des Staphylinides de la Barbarie de la Basse-Egypte et des Iles Acores, Maderes, Salvages et Canaries (5 e edition). Revue d'Entomologie 21: 45 - 189." type="journal article" year="1902">Fauvel 1902</bibRefCitation>
). Among the names having been regarded as synonyms of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FE47A8A6FD549E3A" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[486,641,1518,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FE47A8A6FD549E3A" box="[486,641,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
till now, only 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FC89A8A6FB849E3A" authority="Schaufuss, 1882" authorityName="Schaufuss" authorityYear="1882" box="[808,1105,1518,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tythus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FC89A8A6FCE29E3A" box="[808,823,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FCE4A8A6FC5E9E3A" box="[837,907,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">tythus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FC33A8A6FB849E3A" author="Schaufuss" box="[914,1105,1518,1544]" firstAuthor="Schaufuss" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="619 - 624" refId="ref45420" refString="Schaufuss L. W. 1882. Zoologische Ergebnisse von Excursionen auf den Balearen. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 31 (1881): 619 - 624." type="journal article" year="1882">Schaufuss, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
does not raise doubts: its female 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C003FFE2FEB5AB5AFE929E1E" box="[276,327,1554,1580]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
was studied and identified as 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FD07AB59FCF09E19" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[678,805,1553,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FD07AB59FCF09E19" box="[678,805,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FCF0AB59FC2F9E1E" author="Puthz" box="[849,1018,1553,1580]" firstAuthor="Puthz" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref43482" refString="Puthz V. 1967 c. Catalogo critico des especies portuguesas de Stenus (Col. Staphyl.). 31. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra 299: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1967" yearSuffix="c">Puthz (1967c)</bibRefCitation>
. None of the names 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FB49AB5AFEE29E7C" authority="Rey, 1884" authorityName="Rey" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribrellus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FB49AB5AFAA29E19" box="[1256,1399,1553,1580]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. cribrellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FF1CAB7DFEE29E7C" author="Rey" box="[189,311,1588,1615]" firstAuthor="Rey" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="153 - 415" refId="ref44858" refString="Rey Cl. 1884. Tribu des Brevipennes. Deuxieme groupe: Micropeplides. Troisieme groupe: Stenides. Annales de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon (n. ser.) 30: 153 - 415." type="journal article" year="1884">Rey, 1884</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FEE5AB7DFD519E7D" authority="Lacordaire, 1835" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1835" box="[324,644,1588,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FEE5AB7DFE679E7C" box="[324,434,1588,1615]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. nitidus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FE1BAB7CFD519E7D" author="Lacordaire" box="[442,644,1588,1615]" firstAuthor="Lacordaire" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 696" refId="ref42511" refString="Lacordaire J. Th. 1835. Vol. 1. [Coleoptera]. In: Boisduval J. &amp; Lacordaire J. Th. Faune entomologique des environs de Paris; ou species general des insectes qui se trouvent dans un rayon de quinze a vingt lieues aux alentours de Paris: 1 - 696. Mequignon-Marvis, pere et fils, libraires, Paris." type="book chapter" year="1835">Lacordaire, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FD0CAB7DFC2B9E7C" authority="Stephens, 1833" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[685,1022,1588,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FD0CAB7DFC979E7C" box="[685,834,1588,1615]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. sulcicollis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FCEBAB7CFC2B9E7C" author="Stephens" box="[842,1022,1588,1614]" firstAuthor="Stephens" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref46202" refString="Stephens J. F. 1833. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. V: 241 - 304. Baldwin and Cradock, London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8133" type="book" year="1833">Stephens, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
have been revised based on the 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C003FFE2FF1CAB10FF259E40" box="[189,240,1624,1650]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC003FFFDFF1CABD1FC709AFE" blockId="47.[189,1399,1689,1997]" lastBlockId="48.[189,1399,267,716]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
The last of these seems to be a nomen dubium. Waterhouse &amp; Janson (1855: 148-149) indicated: ‘The detailed description in this work is possibly from a small specimen of 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FC51ABF5FBDA9EE5" box="[1008,1039,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">St.</emphasis>
[(
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FB88ABF5FB679EE4" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1860" box="[1065,1202,1725,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hemistenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FB88ABF5FB679EE4" box="[1065,1202,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Hemistenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)] 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FB6CABF4FA9B9EE4" box="[1229,1358,1724,1750]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">subaeneus,</emphasis>
Er. The insect in Mr. Stephens’ cabinet which stands for 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FC80AB97FC4D9ECB" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[801,920,1759,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FC80AB97FC4D9ECB" box="[801,920,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sulcicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
evidently is misplaced by a black-legged species, i.e. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FEEAAA4BFE229F2F" box="[331,503,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FEEAAA4BFE279F2F" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[331,498,1795,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">St. melanopus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
of Marsham’. The result of this mess was marked well by 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FB07AA4BFAFB9F2F" author="Rye" box="[1190,1326,1795,1821]" firstAuthor="Rye" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="31 - 120" refId="ref44959" refString="Rye E. C. 1870. Coleoptera. New British species, corrections of nomenclature, etc., noticed since the publication of the Entomologist's Annual, 1869. The Entomologist's Annual 1870: 31 - 120." type="journal article" year="1870">Rye (1870)</bibRefCitation>
: ‘This [
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FF66AA6EFEEB9F72" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[199,318,1830,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FF66AA6EFEEB9F72" box="[199,318,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sulcicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] and the preceding [
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FD9EAA6EFD739F72" box="[575,678,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">assimilis</emphasis>
] are given as valid species in Gemm.[inger] &amp; v. Harold’s Cat.[alogue], ii, though (? because) they are not recognizable or known to British Entomologists. The former is represented by 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FE4AAA24FDB29FB4" box="[491,615,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FE4AAA24FDB69FB4" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[491,611,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnipes">brunnipes</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and the latter by 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C003FFE2FC9FAA24FC119FB4" box="[830,964,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C003FFE2FC9FAA24FC159FB4" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[830,960,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">melanopus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
in Stephens’ collection. See Wat. &amp; Janson ([…] 1855), from whose account of the confusion with regard to these insects it is evidently impossible to do anything but ignore them altogether.’ 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC003FFE2FCE5AAFAFC389FFF" author="Fauvel" box="[836,1005,1970,1997]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="479 - 494" refId="ref41111" refString="Fauvel A. 1869. Remarques synonymiques sur les staphylinides du Catalogus Coleopterorum de MM v. Harold et Gemminger. L'Abeille. Memoires d'Entomologie 5: 479 - 494." type="journal article" year="1869">Fauvel (1869)</bibRefCitation>
, without any explanation, put the name 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFEA5AC43FEAE9917" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[260,379,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFEA5AC43FEAE9917" box="[260,379,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">sulcicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the synonymy of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFDCEAC43FD3B9917" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[623,750,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFDCEAC43FD3B9917" box="[623,750,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The assumption by 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFC45AC43FBA89917" author="Puthz" box="[996,1149,267,293]" firstAuthor="Puthz" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="137 - 230" refId="ref44575" refString="Puthz V. 2008. Stenus Latreille und die segenreiche Himmelstochter (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) Linzer biologische Beitrage 40 (1): 137 - 230." type="journal article" year="2008">Puthz (2008)</bibRefCitation>
that Fauvel had seen the ‘type’ in Stephens’ collection before synonymizing 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFCE0AC67FC6D997B" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[833,952,303,329]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFCE0AC67FC6D997B" box="[833,952,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">sulcicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(‘FAUVEL hat das 1869 wohl ebenso gesehen, sonst hätte er seine Synonymie nicht ausgesprochen’) is contrary to fact: unlike many other names, which are supplied with remarks ‘ex typ.’ in the paper cited, the pair ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFBCFAC3DFA8C99BD" authority="Steph." authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[1134,1369,373,399]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFBCFAC3DFAD099BD" box="[1134,1285,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. sulcicollis</emphasis>
Steph.
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFAC2AC3EFAA299BD" box="[1379,1399,374,399]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">=</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFF1CACD1FE619980" authority="Marsh." authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[189,436,408,435]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFF1CACD1FE8D9980" box="[189,344,408,435]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. melanopus</emphasis>
Marsh.
</taxonomicName>
’ has no such remark. In addition, the reference by 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFC58ACD0FB459980" author="Puthz" box="[1017,1168,408,434]" firstAuthor="Puthz" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="137 - 230" refId="ref44575" refString="Puthz V. 2008. Stenus Latreille und die segenreiche Himmelstochter (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) Linzer biologische Beitrage 40 (1): 137 - 230." type="journal article" year="2008">Puthz (2008)</bibRefCitation>
to the ‘indisputable authority’ of Fauvel, who actually had the name of ‘master of false synonymy’ (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFBDEACF3FAC599E4" author="Lohse" box="[1151,1296,443,470]" firstAuthor="Lohse" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="327 - 330" refId="ref42697" refString="Lohse G. A. 1985. Betrachtungen uber die Gattung Emplenota Casey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Faunistisch-Okologische Mitteilungen, Kiel 5: 327 - 330." type="journal article" year="1985">Lohse 1985</bibRefCitation>
; see, for example, the list of erroneous synonyms above) seems not to be the best way to confirm ‘ausgesprochene Synonymie.’ By the way, in the later work (1873), Fauvel himself discussed the problem much more deliberately, with a reference to 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFD9CAF6DFD129A0D" author="Rye" box="[573,711,549,575]" firstAuthor="Rye" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="31 - 120" refId="ref44959" refString="Rye E. C. 1870. Coleoptera. New British species, corrections of nomenclature, etc., noticed since the publication of the Entomologist's Annual, 1869. The Entomologist's Annual 1870: 31 - 120." type="journal article" year="1870">Rye (1870)</bibRefCitation>
: ‘Le 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFCA5AF6DFC1A9A0D" authority="Steph." authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[772,975,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFCA5AF6DFCAE9A0D" box="[772,891,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">sulcicollis</emphasis>
Steph.
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFC76AF6DFB929A0D" box="[983,1095,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">(Ill. Brit.,</emphasis>
V, 295), représenté dans la collection Stephens par le 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFD84AF00FD7E9A50" box="[549,683,584,610]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFD84AF00FD729A50" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[549,679,584,610]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">melanopus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
est une espèce méconnaissable à rayer des catalogues (V, Rye, 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFF5AAF24FE5A9AB7" box="[251,399,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ent. Annual,</emphasis>
1870, 84)’. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFD85AF23FC5D9AB7" author="Bernhauer &amp; Schubert" box="[548,904,619,645]" firstAuthor="Bernhauer" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="87 - 190" refId="ref40422" refString="Bernhauer M. &amp; Schubert K. 1911. Staphylinidae. II. In: Schenkling S. (ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 29: 87 - 190. W. Junk, Berlin." type="journal article" year="1911">Bernhauer &amp; Schubert (1911)</bibRefCitation>
, based on the original description, placed 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFF1CAFC7FE859A9B" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[189,336,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFF1CAFC7FE859A9B" box="[189,336,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. sulcicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFDE5AFC7FC649A9A" authority="Motschulsky, 1860" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1860" box="[580,945,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hemistenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFDE5AFC7FD189A9A" box="[580,717,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Hemistenus</emphasis>
Motschulsky, 1860
</taxonomicName>
(s.l.) as a valid species. Thus, I find the synonymy of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFEFFAFFAFE269AFE" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1833" box="[350,499,690,716]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcicollis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFEFFAFFAFE269AFE" box="[350,499,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. sulcicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFD94AFFAFD079AFE" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[565,722,690,716]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFD94AFFAFD079AFE" box="[565,722,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be ill-founded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC01CFFFDFF1CAFBBFDA89C15" blockId="48.[189,1399,755,1063]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
The original descriptions of both 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFDC7AFBCFD2E9B3F" authorityName="Rey" authorityYear="1884" box="[614,763,755,782]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribrellus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFDC7AFBCFD2E9B3F" box="[614,763,755,782]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. cribrellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFCE0AFBCFC609B3F" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1835" box="[833,949,755,782]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFCE0AFBCFC609B3F" box="[833,949,755,782]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
correspond rather to species of the 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFF1CAE5EFEF29B02" box="[189,295,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">atratulus</emphasis>
complex than to 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFE59AE5FFD409B02" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[504,661,790,817]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFE59AE5FFD409B02" box="[504,661,790,817]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: ‘un exemplaire [...] à prothorax paraissant un peu plus court, subtransverse, avec une fossette poncti-forme, obsolète, seulement visible suivant un certain jour et située près de la base [...]’ (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFDAAAE15FD509B45" author="Rey" box="[523,645,861,887]" firstAuthor="Rey" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="153 - 415" refId="ref44858" refString="Rey Cl. 1884. Tribu des Brevipennes. Deuxieme groupe: Micropeplides. Troisieme groupe: Stenides. Annales de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon (n. ser.) 30: 153 - 415." type="journal article" year="1884">Rey 1884</bibRefCitation>
); ‘Prothorax un peu plus long que large, [...] avec une fossette oblongue peu marquée sur le disque [...]’ (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFD07AEC8FCBC9BA9" author="Lacordaire" box="[678,873,896,923]" firstAuthor="Lacordaire" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 696" refId="ref42511" refString="Lacordaire J. Th. 1835. Vol. 1. [Coleoptera]. In: Boisduval J. &amp; Lacordaire J. Th. Faune entomologique des environs de Paris; ou species general des insectes qui se trouvent dans un rayon de quinze a vingt lieues aux alentours de Paris: 1 - 696. Mequignon-Marvis, pere et fils, libraires, Paris." type="book chapter" year="1835">Lacordaire 1835</bibRefCitation>
). It is obvious that the small ‘fossette ponctiforme, obsolète’ as well as ‘fossette oblongue peu marquée’ cannot conform with the long and deep furrow on the pronotum in 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFDA6AE8FFD709BD2" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[519,677,966,993]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFDA6AE8FFD709BD2" box="[519,677,966,993]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, most subsequent records of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFB2BAE8FFB2F9BD2" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1835" box="[1162,1274,966,993]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFB2BAE8FFB2F9BD2" box="[1162,1274,966,993]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may have been the result of misidentification of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFDD7AEA2FCC79C36" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[630,786,1002,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFDD7AEA2FCC79C36" box="[630,786,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus, 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFCC9AEA2FC1F9C36" authorityName="Schaufuss" authorityYear="1882" box="[872,970,1002,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tythus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFCC9AEA2FCA29C36" box="[872,887,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFC25AEA2FC1F9C36" box="[900,970,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">tythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be regarded as the only reliably established synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFE78A945FDA39C15" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[473,630,1037,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFE78A945FDA39C15" box="[473,630,1037,1063]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC01CFFFDFF1CA906FC229F1B" blockId="48.[189,1399,1102,1833]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
This species, widely distributed over the Mediterranean, W &amp; C Europe, and also introduced into the Nearctic (see 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFE2EA939FDCD9CB9" author="Puthz" box="[399,536,1137,1163]" firstAuthor="Puthz" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="129 - 149" refId="ref43342" refString="Puthz V. 1966. Die Stenus - Arten Madeiras und der Kanarischen Inslen (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). 21. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer 62 (3): 129 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">Puthz 1966</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFD87A939FC8F9CBE" author="Campbell &amp; Davies" box="[550,858,1137,1164]" firstAuthor="Campbell" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="86 - 124" refId="ref40623" refString="Campbell J. M. &amp; Davies A. 1991. Family Staphylinidae. Rove beetles. In: Checklist of beetles of Canada and Alaska. Publication 1861 / E: 86 - 124. Agriculture Canada, Ottawa." type="book chapter" year="1991">Campbell &amp; Davies 1991</bibRefCitation>
), is rather variable and similar to many other representatives of different groups in many characters; therefore the range: ‘Mittel-Südeuropa, südliches Nordeuropa, Nordafrika, Kanaren, Kleinasien, Westsibirien, östliches Nordamerika’ (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFB2EA9F0FAF79CE0" author="Puthz" box="[1167,1314,1208,1234]" firstAuthor="Puthz" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="74 - 121" refId="ref43744" refString="Puthz V. 1971 a. Kritische Faunistik der bisher aus Mitteleuropa bekannten Stenus - Arten nebst systematischen Bemerkungen und Neubeschreibungen (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). 80. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer 67 (2): 74 - 121." type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="a">Puthz 1971a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFA8AA9F0FABF9CE0" author="Puthz V." box="[1323,1386,1208,1234]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="239 - 292" refId="ref43931" refString="Puthz V. 1972 a. Zur Staphylinidenfauna des Balkans: die bisher aus Jugoslawien und angrenzenden Landern bekannten Steninen (Coleoptera. Staphylinidae). 63. [83!] Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Wissenschafliche Mitteilungen des Bosnisch-herzegovinischen Landesmuseums 1 (C): 239 - 292." type="book chapter" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
), seems to be greatly exaggerated. J. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFDFAA993FCC39CC4" author="Sahlberg" box="[603,790,1243,1270]" firstAuthor="Sahlberg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 248" refId="ref45221" refString="Sahlberg J. R. 1876. Enumeratio Coleopterorum Brachelytrorum Fenniae. Systematisk forteckning ofver de inom Finlands naturalhistoriska omrade hittils funna Coleoptera Brachelytra jemte uppgift om arternas utbredning och &lt;...&gt;. I. Staphylinidae. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 1: 1 - 248." type="journal article" year="1876">Sahlberg (1876)</bibRefCitation>
first recorded 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFC1CA993FB8D9CC7" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[957,1112,1243,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFC1CA993FB8D9CC7" box="[957,1112,1243,1269]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for S Finland (‘Sällsynt; funnen några gånger invid Åbo af O.Reuter, och förf.[attare]’). The same data (‘Regio Aboënsis’) was cited by him in the subsequent Catalogue (J. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFD77A869FC539D0E" author="Sahlberg" box="[726,902,1313,1340]" firstAuthor="Sahlberg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref45357" refString="Sahlberg J. R. 1900. Catalogus Coleopterorum faunae Fennicae geographicus. Cum mappis duabus geographicis. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 19 (4): i-viii + 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1900">Sahlberg 1900</bibRefCitation>
). Although L. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFB92A869FB3F9D0E" author="Benick" box="[1075,1258,1313,1340]" firstAuthor="Benick" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="135 - 156" refId="ref40173" refString="Benick L. 1921 a. Uber nord-palaearktische Steninen, vorwiegend aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Helsingfors (Col., Staphyl.). Mit 4 Fig. Meddelanden af Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 46 (1919 - 1920): 135 - 156." type="book chapter" year="1921" yearSuffix="a">Benick (1921a)</bibRefCitation>
ascertained that this record had resulted from misidentification (‘Ein von Sahlberg […] genanntes Stück (Reuter, Åbo) in der Sammlung des Mus. Hels. (‘Reuter, Pargas’) ist 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFC32A820FC289DB0" box="[915,1021,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">atratulus</emphasis>
Er.’), many subsequent authors continued to cite Finland in the range description of 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFC84A8C3FC719D97" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[805,932,1419,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFC84A8C3FC719D97" box="[805,932,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFC15A8C3FBE29D97" author="Palm" box="[948,1079,1419,1445]" firstAuthor="Palm" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref43125" refString="Palm Th. 1961. Svensk Insektenfauna 9. Skalbaggar. Coleoptera. Kortvingar: Fam. Staphylinidae. Underfam. Oxytelinae, Oxyporinae, Steninae, Euaesthetinae. Hafte 2: 1 - 126. Stockholm." type="journal article" year="1961">Palm 1961</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFBE5A8C3FB099D97" author="Horion" box="[1092,1244,1419,1445]" firstAuthor="Horion" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref42071" refString="Horion A. 1963. Faunistik der mitteleuropaischen Kafer. Band IX: Staphylinidae. 1. Teil. Micropeplinae bis Euaestetinae: i-xv + 1 - 335. Aug. Feyel, Uberlingen-Bodensee." type="book" year="1963">Horion 1963</bibRefCitation>
; etc). Benick (l.c.) soundly questioned also the record by 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFD6CA8E6FCA89DFA" author="Poppius" box="[717,893,1454,1480]" firstAuthor="Poppius" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref43203" refString="Poppius R. B. 1899. Forteckning ofver Ryska Karelens Coleoptera. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 18 (1): 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1899">Poppius (1899</bibRefCitation>
: ‘statsradet 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFBADA8E7FB449DFA" box="[1036,1169,1454,1481]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">A. Günther</emphasis>
[...] i trakten kring Petrosawodsk’) for N European Russia (‘Die Angabe von Poppius, nach der die Art in Russ. Karelien […] vorkommen soll, ist nachzuprüfen’). In his well-known work on Siberian 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFBFDA8BDFEDE9E00" authority=", J. Sahlberg (1880)" authorityName=", J. Sahlberg" authorityYear="1880" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">
Coleoptera, J. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFAAEA8BDFEDE9E00" author="Sahlberg" firstAuthor="Sahlberg" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref45272" refString="Sahlberg J. R. 1880. Bidrag till Nordvestra Sibiriens Insektfauna. Coleoptera. Insamlade under Expeditionerna till Obi och Jenissej 1876 och 1877. I. Cicindelidae, Carabidae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae, Gyrinidae, [...] Staphylinidae och Micropepeplidae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps- Akademiens Handlingar 17 (4): 1 - 115." type="journal article" year="1880">Sahlberg (1880)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
found 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFEC3AB50FDD59E00" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[354,512,1560,1586]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFEC3AB50FDD59E00" box="[354,512,1560,1586]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be distributed over the Ob’ basin (‘In 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFC50AB51FB6D9E00" box="[1009,1208,1560,1586]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">territorio silvoso</emphasis>
prope oppidum Tobolsk 3/6 unicum specimen invenit Bergroth’). This misleading record was repeated by 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFABAAB73FEDE9E4A" author="Heyden" firstAuthor="Heyden" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 224" refId="ref41990" refString="Heyden L. von 1881. Catalog der Coleopteren von Sibirien mit Einschluss derjenigen der Turanischen Lander, Turkestans und der chinesischen Grenzgebiete. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Supplementum: i-xxiv + 1 - 224." type="book chapter" year="1881">Heyden (1881)</bibRefCitation>
and became a source of erroneous citation of this species for W Siberia by many authors up to present time (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFEFAABC9FDDA9EAE" author="Jakobson" box="[347,527,1665,1692]" firstAuthor="Jakobson" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref42185" refString="Jakobson G. G. 1909. Zhuki Rossii i Zapadnoy Evropy. Fasc. 7. [In Russian]: 481 - 560. Devrien, St. - Petersburg." type="book" year="1909">Jakobson 1909</bibRefCitation>
; L. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFD9AABC9FD069EAE" author="Benick" box="[571,723,1665,1692]" firstAuthor="Benick" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref40341" refString="Benick L. 1929. Steninae (Staphyl.). Bestimmungs-Tabellen der europaischen Coleopteren 96: 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1929">Benick 1929</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFD7EABC9FC789EAE" author="Scheerpeltz" box="[735,941,1665,1692]" firstAuthor="Scheerpeltz" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="989 - 1500" refId="ref45450" refString="Scheerpeltz O. von 1933. Staphylinidae VII (pars 129). In: Schenkling S. (ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen VI. Staphylinidae II: 989 - 1500. W. Junk, Berlin." type="journal article" year="1933">Scheerpeltz 1933</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFC19ABCAFBB79EAE" author="Smetana" box="[952,1122,1665,1692]" firstAuthor="Smetana" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="195 - 218" refId="ref45938" refString="Smetana A. 1959. Zur Kenntnis der Staphyliniden-Fauna Albaniens (Col., Staphylinidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 33: 195 - 218." type="journal article" year="1959">Smetana 1959</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFBCFABC9FACD9EA9" author="Szujecki" box="[1134,1304,1665,1691]" firstAuthor="Szujecki" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref46459" refString="Szujecki A. 1961. Czesc XIX. Chrzaszcze - Coleoptera. Zeszyt 24 b. Kusakowate - Staphylinidae. Mysliczki - Steninae. Klucze do oznaczania owadow Polski 36: 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1961">Szujecki 1961</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFA82ABC9FF2E9E8C" author="Horion" firstAuthor="Horion" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref42071" refString="Horion A. 1963. Faunistik der mitteleuropaischen Kafer. Band IX: Staphylinidae. 1. Teil. Micropeplinae bis Euaestetinae: i-xv + 1 - 335. Aug. Feyel, Uberlingen-Bodensee." type="book" year="1963">Horion 1963</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFEA9ABEDFE4B9E8D" author="Puthz" box="[264,414,1701,1727]" firstAuthor="Puthz" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="74 - 121" refId="ref43744" refString="Puthz V. 1971 a. Kritische Faunistik der bisher aus Mitteleuropa bekannten Stenus - Arten nebst systematischen Bemerkungen und Neubeschreibungen (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). 80. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer 67 (2): 74 - 121." type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="a">Puthz 1971a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFE0DABEDFE3F9E8D" author="Puthz V." box="[428,490,1701,1727]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="239 - 292" refId="ref43931" refString="Puthz V. 1972 a. Zur Staphylinidenfauna des Balkans: die bisher aus Jugoslawien und angrenzenden Landern bekannten Steninen (Coleoptera. Staphylinidae). 63. [83!] Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Wissenschafliche Mitteilungen des Bosnisch-herzegovinischen Landesmuseums 1 (C): 239 - 292." type="book chapter" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFE57ABEDFD019E8D" author="Tichomirova" box="[502,724,1701,1727]" firstAuthor="Tichomirova" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref46555" refString="Tichomirova A. L. 1973. Morfoekologicheskiye osobennosti i filogenez stafilinid (s katalogom fauny SSSR). [In Russian]: 1 - 191. Nauka, Moscow." type="book" year="1973">Tichomirova 1973</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFD40ABEDFC5B9E8D" author="Dauphin" box="[737,910,1701,1727]" firstAuthor="Dauphin" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="177 - 192" refId="ref40789" refString="Dauphin P. 1993. Notes sur les Stenus francais (Coleoptera Staphylinidae). 2. Le sous-genre Nestus. L'Entomologiste 49 (4): 177 - 192." type="journal article" year="1993">Dauphin 1993</bibRefCitation>
). Neither Puthz (pers. comm.) nor I have seen 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFF58AB80FEAD9ED0" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[249,376,1736,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFF58AB80FEAD9ED0" box="[249,376,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens from territories eastwards of Denmark and southernmost Sweden. One can confidently suppose the N Russian and Siberian records to relate to another species; most likely, it may be a species of the 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFE3AAA46FDEC9F1A" authorityName="Gyllenhal" authorityYear="1827" box="[411,569,1806,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canaliculatus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFE3AAA46FDEC9F1A" box="[411,569,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">canaliculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, either 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFD7FAA47FC919F1A" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1840" box="[734,836,1806,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="labilis">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFD7FAA47FD389F1B" box="[734,749,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFD5AAA46FC919F1A" box="[763,836,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">labilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01CFFFDFCCDAA47FC259F1A" box="[876,1008,1806,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFCCDAA47FCAE9F1B" box="[876,891,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01CFFFDFC28AA46FC259F1A" box="[905,1008,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">confusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC01CFFFDFF1CAA18FBE19FE1" blockId="48.[189,1399,1871,2004]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
The record for Yekaterinoslav [=Dnepropetrovsk] of the Ukraine (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFC76AA18FB9A9F59" author="Iljin" box="[983,1103,1872,1899]" firstAuthor="Iljin" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="224 - 228" refId="ref42149" refString="Iljin B. S. 1926. Verzeichnis der Kafer des Ekaterinoslavschen Gouvernements. [In Russian]. Revue Russe Entomologique 19 (1925) (3 - 4): 224 - 228." type="journal article" year="1926">Iljin 1926</bibRefCitation>
) may also be a result of misidentification. The only material I have seen from the territory of the former USSR is given in the Material section (see above: Odessa Area). The recent record of this species for Lithuania (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01CFFFDFB7EAADEFE1C9FE1" author="Monsevicius &amp; Pankevicius" firstAuthor="Monsevicius" page="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="40 - 45" refId="ref42896" refString="Monsevicius V. &amp; Pankevicius R. 2001. Coleoptera species new to Lithuania. Ekologija (Vilnius) 2001 (2): 40 - 45." type="journal article" year="2001">
Monsevičius &amp; Pankevičius 2001: 
<specimenCount id="1E90FD62C01CFFFDFE1BAAF1FE1C9FE1" box="[442,457,1977,2003]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</bibRefCitation>
specimen of undisclosed sex) requires confirmation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="408C6560C01DFFFCFF1CAC43FC9D99E4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="082936EBC01DFFFCFF1CAC43FC9D99E4" blockId="49.[189,1398,267,470]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
The bionomics of this species seem to be rather diverse. Along with different open alluvia: seashore, riverside, and lakeside (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFE76AC66FDBD997B" author="Hardy" box="[471,616,302,329]" firstAuthor="Hardy" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="21 - 96" refId="ref41891" refString="Hardy J. 1851. Family 1. Staphylinidae, Leach. In: Hardy J. &amp; Bold T. J. A catalogue of the insects of Northumberland and Durham (Part ii). Transactions of the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club 2: 21 - 96." type="journal article" year="1851">Hardy 1851</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFDD7AC67FD3F997A" author="Rye" box="[630,746,302,329]" firstAuthor="Rye" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="36 - 43" refId="ref44930" refString="Rye E. C. 1864. Descriptions of the British species of Stenus. [2]. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 1: 36 - 43." type="journal article" year="1864">Rye 1864</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFD59AC66FC5B997B" author="Fauvel" box="[760,910,302,329]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="215 - 390" refId="ref41142" refString="Fauvel A. 1873. Faune Gallo-Rhenane ou species des insectes qui habitent la France, la Belgique, la Hollande, le Luxembourg, la prusse Rhenane, la Nassau et la Valais avec tableaux synoptiques et planches gravees. 3, liv. 4: 215 - 390. Le Blanc-Hardel, Caen." type="journal article" year="1873">Fauvel 1873</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFC3AAC66FBE0997B" author="Fowler" box="[923,1077,302,329]" firstAuthor="Fowler" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref41362" refString="Fowler W. W. 1888. The Coleoptera of the British Islands. A descriptive account of the families, genera, and species indigenous to Great Britain and Ireland, with notes as to localities, habitats, etc. Vol. II. Staphylinidae. Vol. V: 1 - 444. L. Reeve and Co., London. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48457" type="book" year="1888">Fowler 1888</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFBE3AC67FB21997B" author="Johansen" box="[1090,1268,302,329]" firstAuthor="Johansen" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref42255" refString="Johansen J. P. 1914. Danmarks rovbiller eller Billefam. Staphylinidae's danske Slaegter og Arter: [1 - 4] + 1 - 660. Bianco Lunos Bogtrykkeri, Kobenhavn." type="book" year="1914">Johansen 1914</bibRefCitation>
; L. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFA82AC66FF2F995E" author="Benick" firstAuthor="Benick" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref40341" refString="Benick L. 1929. Steninae (Staphyl.). Bestimmungs-Tabellen der europaischen Coleopteren 96: 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1929">Benick 1929</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFEA4AC1AFE96995E" author="Benick" box="[261,323,338,364]" firstAuthor="Benick" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="84 - 112" refId="ref40389" refString="Benick L. 1947. Uber den Massenwechsel und die Verbreitung norddeutscher Kafer. Forschungen der Geographischen Gesellschaft und des Naturhistorischen Museums in Lubeck (2) 41: 84 - 112." type="journal article" year="1947">1947</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFEECAC1AFE18995E" author="Palm" box="[333,461,338,364]" firstAuthor="Palm" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref43125" refString="Palm Th. 1961. Svensk Insektenfauna 9. Skalbaggar. Coleoptera. Kortvingar: Fam. Staphylinidae. Underfam. Oxytelinae, Oxyporinae, Steninae, Euaesthetinae. Hafte 2: 1 - 126. Stockholm." type="journal article" year="1961">Palm 1961</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFE79AC1AFDBB995E" author="Horion" box="[472,622,338,364]" firstAuthor="Horion" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref42071" refString="Horion A. 1963. Faunistik der mitteleuropaischen Kafer. Band IX: Staphylinidae. 1. Teil. Micropeplinae bis Euaestetinae: i-xv + 1 - 335. Aug. Feyel, Uberlingen-Bodensee." type="book" year="1963">Horion 1963</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFDD6AC1AFCF8995E" author="Anderson" box="[631,813,338,364]" firstAuthor="Anderson" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="242 - 251" refId="ref40144" refString="Anderson R. 1984. Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in Ireland. 3: Steninae. The Irish Naturalist's Journal 21 (6): 242 - 251." type="journal article" year="1984">Anderson 1984</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFC96AC1AFC35995E" author="Dauphin" box="[823,992,338,364]" firstAuthor="Dauphin" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="177 - 192" refId="ref40789" refString="Dauphin P. 1993. Notes sur les Stenus francais (Coleoptera Staphylinidae). 2. Le sous-genre Nestus. L'Entomologiste 49 (4): 177 - 192." type="journal article" year="1993">Dauphin 1993</bibRefCitation>
), many other 
<typeStatus id="D72D8849C01DFFFCFBDDAC1AFB6F995E" box="[1148,1210,338,364]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">types</typeStatus>
of habitats have been reported: hay-stack rubbish (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFDF3AC3DFD1C99A2" author="Rye" box="[594,713,373,400]" firstAuthor="Rye" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="36 - 43" refId="ref44930" refString="Rye E. C. 1864. Descriptions of the British species of Stenus. [2]. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 1: 36 - 43." type="journal article" year="1864">Rye 1864</bibRefCitation>
), manure heaps (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFC32AC3DFBB599A2" author="Tottenham" box="[915,1120,373,400]" firstAuthor="Tottenham" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref46652" refString="Tottenham C. E. 1954. Coleoptera, Staphylinidae. Section (a) Piestinae to Euaesthetinae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 4 (8 a): 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="1954">Tottenham, 1954</bibRefCitation>
), dry manure (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFAAEAC3DFF2E9980" author="Dauphin" firstAuthor="Dauphin" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="177 - 192" refId="ref40789" refString="Dauphin P. 1993. Notes sur les Stenus francais (Coleoptera Staphylinidae). 2. Le sous-genre Nestus. L'Entomologiste 49 (4): 177 - 192." type="journal article" year="1993">Dauphin 1993</bibRefCitation>
), compost heaps (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFE68ACD0FD549980" author="Anderson" box="[457,641,408,434]" firstAuthor="Anderson" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="242 - 251" refId="ref40144" refString="Anderson R. 1984. Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in Ireland. 3: Steninae. The Irish Naturalist's Journal 21 (6): 242 - 251." type="journal article" year="1984">Anderson 1984</bibRefCitation>
), detritus (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFD5AACD0FC739981" author="Smetana" box="[763,934,408,435]" firstAuthor="Smetana" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="195 - 218" refId="ref45938" refString="Smetana A. 1959. Zur Kenntnis der Staphyliniden-Fauna Albaniens (Col., Staphylinidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 33: 195 - 218." type="journal article" year="1959">Smetana 1959</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFC10ACD0FB8F9980" author="Dauphin" box="[945,1114,408,434]" firstAuthor="Dauphin" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="177 - 192" refId="ref40789" refString="Dauphin P. 1993. Notes sur les Stenus francais (Coleoptera Staphylinidae). 2. Le sous-genre Nestus. L'Entomologiste 49 (4): 177 - 192." type="journal article" year="1993">Dauphin 1993</bibRefCitation>
), humus (
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFB6BACD0FABB9980" author="Bordoni" box="[1226,1390,408,434]" firstAuthor="Bordoni" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref40549" refString="Bordoni A. 1974. Gli Stenus della Toscana (Col., Staphylinidae) (XIII contributo alla conoscenza degli Staphylinidae). Bolletino. Associazione romana di entomologia 29 (1 / 2): 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1974">Bordoni 1974</bibRefCitation>
) and bogs, including peat and 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01DFFFCFDB4ACF3FC9199E4" authority="(Horion 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Horion" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[533,836,443,470]" class="Bryopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sphagnales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01DFFFCFDB4ACF3FD4499E7" box="[533,657,443,469]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Sphagnum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFD01ACF3FCEE99E4" author="Horion" box="[672,827,443,470]" firstAuthor="Horion" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref42071" refString="Horion A. 1963. Faunistik der mitteleuropaischen Kafer. Band IX: Staphylinidae. 1. Teil. Micropeplinae bis Euaestetinae: i-xv + 1 - 335. Aug. Feyel, Uberlingen-Bodensee." type="book" year="1963">Horion 1963</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="408C6560C01DFFFCFF1CACB5FEAA9B1E" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="082936EBC01DFFFCFF1CACB5FB789A91" blockId="49.[189,1399,509,676]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
The suppositions of halophily for 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01DFFFCFDF0ACB5FD3A9A25" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[593,751,509,535]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01DFFFCFDF0ACB5FD3A9A25" box="[593,751,509,535]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L. 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFC82ACB5FC699A25" author="Benick" box="[803,956,509,535]" firstAuthor="Benick" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="84 - 112" refId="ref40389" refString="Benick L. 1947. Uber den Massenwechsel und die Verbreitung norddeutscher Kafer. Forschungen der Geographischen Gesellschaft und des Naturhistorischen Museums in Lubeck (2) 41: 84 - 112." type="journal article" year="1947">Benick 1947</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFC6BACB5FB879A2A" author="Puthz" box="[970,1106,509,536]" firstAuthor="Puthz" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref43301" refString="Puthz V. 1965. Nomenklatorische, systematische u. faunistische Bemerkungen uber palaarktische Steninen (Col., Staphylinidae). 6. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 24: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1965">Puthz 1965</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFBFEACB5FB499A25" author="Puthz V." box="[1119,1180,509,535]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="74 - 121" refId="ref43744" refString="Puthz V. 1971 a. Kritische Faunistik der bisher aus Mitteleuropa bekannten Stenus - Arten nebst systematischen Bemerkungen und Neubeschreibungen (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). 80. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer 67 (2): 74 - 121." type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="6C074B1AC01DFFFCFB0BACB5FB339A25" author="Puthz V." box="[1194,1254,509,535]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="239 - 292" refId="ref43931" refString="Puthz V. 1972 a. Zur Staphylinidenfauna des Balkans: die bisher aus Jugoslawien und angrenzenden Landern bekannten Steninen (Coleoptera. Staphylinidae). 63. [83!] Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen. Wissenschafliche Mitteilungen des Bosnisch-herzegovinischen Landesmuseums 1 (C): 239 - 292." type="book chapter" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
) seem to be ill-founded, inasmuch as inhabiting seashore alluvia and lakesides of brackish basins is not a sufficient ground to consider a species to be halophilous. The idea was argued and rejected by Horion (l.c.: ‘Von einer allgemeinen Halophilie dieser Art kann keine Rede sein’). I believe that the fact that 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01DFFFCFB7BAF2FFAA39AB2" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[1242,1398,614,641]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01DFFFCFB7BAF2FFAA39AB2" box="[1242,1398,614,641]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">S. melanopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabits 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01DFFFCFE80AFC2FE489A96" baseAuthorityName="Horion" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[289,413,650,676]" class="Bryopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sphagnales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01DFFFCFE80AFC2FE489A96" box="[289,413,650,676]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Sphagnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bogs is quite enough for the assumption of halophily to be denied.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="082936EBC01DFFFCFF1CAF83FEAA9B1E" blockId="49.[189,1399,715,812]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
As to the records of the occurrence of this species in manure and compost heaps, I should like to note that those habitats are common shelters which many 
<taxonomicName id="CF964D68C01DFFFCFC9BAFA7FC529B3B" box="[826,903,751,777]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Stenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3AE2EAF9C01DFFFCFC9BAFA7FC529B3B" box="[826,903,751,777]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Stenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species use during adverse weather or in adverse seasons.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>