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<document id="CB9A958F7C724BB5863001A0D7D1E5A0" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.217609" ID-GBIF-Dataset="10d4f450-0ed2-431c-ae1a-68806440d57d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="217609" ID-ZooBank="111A479B-3487-49FA-ACD3-C67F5116B660" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460567270209" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gaither, Michelle R. &amp; Randall, John E." docDate="2013" docId="8028401D181CFF917DCFFA5CFC69410B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03599p196.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3599 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cirrhitus pinnulatus subsp. maculosus Bennett 1828" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="192" masterDocId="7C113865181EFF927D58FFDCFFDA4504" masterDocTitle="Reclassification of the Indo-Pacific Hawkfish Cirrhitus pinnulatus (Forster)" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="189" pageNumber="191" updateTime="1698321228515" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="1D70C20DA0EDC028E5E949A560A69354" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="7F3BC92723461C69E08D72643640D624">
<mods:title id="703CF1942EC8DE16B81CB154D43377A4">Reclassification of the Indo-Pacific Hawkfish Cirrhitus pinnulatus (Forster)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F3663EAC87CB81B6D2023F52237998C6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3788E62DA49D1D8EA0496C465FC4EFB6">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4A75531DBD111AD05E30AB22F212760A">Gaither, Michelle R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AAB623CFC8443C06E09C1D7FF2F58C06" type="personal">
<mods:role id="387575FB9AF285234F608F185811EF07">
<mods:roleTerm id="780FE4B44C17408222925CAC323E425B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DA4B4EA7E293B49866CF20A98EB2FFB9">Randall, John E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="0B84B843914FEC50B7AAA3B9B31B5004">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="4E4E020720A0722A70FED97F4559D938" type="host">
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<mods:title id="DD0AA082C359534FF1B78A422602E9B4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="19D86D5D5CF4FB4A7EDB02817F6941D3">
<mods:date id="8337C9452B5249DE285DA576B81F2420">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CC409F9FC7BDF2F745802757F910C2F2" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1DF8E34A9898496307D03858F32BCF86">3599</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="1BA5F6485838CDD63B630241CB178038" type="issue">
<mods:number id="767EE51FF95422D42EE11AC3D5E70EFE">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A9F2E47ADEDDF7AC2E641F17975C9346">189</mods:start>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="AAB6E6861E3FE562A9CB4B26467E2700">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="49FAA9C292A72D32AC4F5D7CFE8720CE" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.217609</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D804A9FEE136CA511F5D6321ED940695" type="GBIF-Dataset">10d4f450-0ed2-431c-ae1a-68806440d57d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E8CE64042C9F44FA64F94F8F8E4734BD" type="Zenodo-Dep">217609</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="8028401D181CFF917DCFFA5CFC69410B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5667418" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119558025" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5667418" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8028401D181CFF917DCFFA5CFC69410B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8028401D181CFF917DCFFA5CFC69410B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<subSubSection id="409BA280181CFF907DCFFA5CFEA940BF" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="083EF10B181CFF907DCFFA5CFD18409E" blockId="2.[151,706,1408,1467]" box="[151,706,1408,1434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="53764667181CFF907DCFFA5CFD18409E" bold="true" box="[151,706,1408,1434]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="CF818A88181CFF907DCFFA5CFD18409E" authority="Bennett 1828" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,706,1408,1434]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cirrhitidae" genus="Cirrhitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pinnulatus" subSpecies="maculosus">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181CFF907DCFFA5CFD18409E" bold="true" box="[151,706,1408,1434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181CFF907DCFFA5CFDCD409E" bold="true" box="[151,535,1408,1434]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">Cirrhitus pinnulatus maculosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C108CFA181CFF907F46FA5CFD18409E" author="Bennett" box="[542,706,1408,1434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" refString="Bennett, E. T. (1828) Observations on the fishes contained in the collection of the Zoological Society. On some fishes from the Sandwich Islands. Zoological Journal, 3, 31 - 42." type="journal article" year="1828">Bennett 1828</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="083EF10B181CFF907DCFFA7FFEA940BF" blockId="2.[151,706,1408,1467]" box="[151,371,1443,1467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
(
<figureCitation id="90BAED8E181CFF907DC7FA7FFF3740BF" box="[159,237,1443,1467]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1980,2003]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,1598,1964]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[157,1443,1597,1967]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cirrhitus pinnulatus maculosus A) O‘ahu, Hawaiian Islands, B) BPBM 8960, 155 mm SL, Johnston Atoll (J. E. Randall)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/217610/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90BAED8E181CFF907DA2FA7FFED140BF" box="[250,267,1443,1467]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1405,1428]" captionTargetBox="[455,1135,1082,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[455,1136,1082,1386]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cirrhitus pinnulatus maculosus, juvenile, BPBM 10013, 27 mm SL, O‘ahu, Hawaiian Islands (J. E. Randall)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/217611/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">2</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="4503C4B0181CFF907C4FFA7FFEB240BF" box="[279,360,1443,1467]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,235,476,497]" captionText="TABLE 1. Lateral-line scale and total gill-raker counts for species of Cirrhitus. Counts of the holotype and paratype of C. spilotoceps given by Schultz (1950) are included." pageId="2" pageNumber="191">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="409BA280181CFF907DCFFA39FC59431E" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="083EF10B181CFF907DCFFA39FCB540FF" blockId="2.[151,899,1509,1562]" box="[151,879,1509,1531]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2891D625181CFF907DCFFA39FCB540FF" box="[151,879,1509,1531]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="CF818A88181CFF907DCFFA39FDC240FF" ID-CoL="5Z8P4" authority="Bennett 1828: 38" authorityName="Bennett" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,536,1509,1531]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cirrhitidae" genus="Cirrhitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculosus">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181CFF907DCFFA39FEBE40FF" box="[151,356,1509,1531]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">Cirrhitus maculosus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="8920D71A181CFF907C32FA3AFDC240FF" author="Bennett" box="[362,536,1510,1531]" page="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" year="1828">
<bibRefCitation id="6C108CFA181CFF907C32FA3AFE2F40FF" author="Bennett" box="[362,501,1510,1531]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" refString="Bennett, E. T. (1828) Observations on the fishes contained in the collection of the Zoological Society. On some fishes from the Sandwich Islands. Zoological Journal, 3, 31 - 42." type="journal article" year="1828">Bennett 1828</bibRefCitation>
: 38
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="D73A4FA9181CFF907F7EFA3AFD8940FF" box="[550,595,1510,1531]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">type</typeStatus>
locality, Hawaiian Islands).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="083EF10B181CFF907DCFF9D8FC59431E" blockId="2.[151,899,1509,1562]" box="[151,899,1540,1562]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2891D625181CFF907DCFF9D8FC59431E" box="[151,899,1540,1562]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="CF818A88181CFF907DCFF9D8FE26431E" ID-CoL="VGVY" authority="Gill 1862: 106" authorityName="Gill" authorityPageNumber="106" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,508,1540,1562]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cirrhitidae" genus="Cirrhitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alternatus">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181CFF907DCFF9D8FEBB431E" box="[151,353,1540,1562]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">Cirrhitus alternatus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="8920D71A181CFF907C3EF9D8FE26431E" author="Gill" box="[358,508,1540,1562]" page="106" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" year="1862">
<bibRefCitation id="6C108CFA181CFF907C3EF9D8FE10431E" author="Gill" box="[358,458,1540,1562]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" refString="Gill, T. N. (1862) Synopsis of the family of cirrhitoids. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 14, 102 - 124." type="journal article" year="1862">Gill 1862</bibRefCitation>
: 106
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 107 (
<typeStatus id="D73A4FA9181CFF907F62F9D8FDBD431D" box="[570,615,1540,1561]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">type</typeStatus>
locality, Hawaiian Islands).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="5CFEA183181CFF907DCFF860FF2F42F5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/217610/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" targetBox="[157,1436,1598,1964]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="083EF10B181CFF907DCFF860FF2F42F5" blockId="2.[151,1436,1980,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181CFF907DCFF860FECE42D6" bold="true" box="[151,276,1980,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CF818A88181CFF907C44F861FD8542D7" box="[284,607,1981,2003]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cirrhitidae" genus="Cirrhitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pinnulatus" subSpecies="maculosus">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181CFF907C44F861FD8542D7" box="[284,607,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">Cirrhitus pinnulatus maculosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A) O‘ahu, Hawaiian Islands, B) BPBM 8960, 155 mm SL, Johnston Atoll (J.E. Randall).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="409BA280181DFF917DCFFF4BFDB1443B" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="083EF10B181DFF917DCFFF4BFDB1443B" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181DFF917DCFFF4BFE5E45B4" bold="true" box="[151,388,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Material examined.</emphasis>
Hawaiian Islands:
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917F3EFF4BFD4645AB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[614,668,151,175]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">CAS</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917FF0FF4BFC8F45AB" box="[680,853,151,175]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.972128" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="8972128.0">8972, 128 mm</quantity>
. O‘ahu,
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917EE3FF44FBD345AB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[955,1033,152,175]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
439-440, 2:
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF9179FBFF4BFAE545AB" box="[1187,1343,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" metricValueMax="1.66" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="148.0" valueMax="166.0" valueMin="130.0">130–166 mm</quantity>
;
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917816FF44FA4645AB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1358,1436,152,175]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917DCFFF60FE9A45D0" box="[151,320,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7961099999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="1796110.0">1796, 110 mm</quantity>
;
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917C16FF61FE4645D0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[334,412,189,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917CFCFF60FD9545D0" box="[420,591,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0972029999999995" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="4097203.0">4097, 203 mm</quantity>
;
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917F05FF61FD7145D0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[605,683,189,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
10013, 27 mm;
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917E33FF61FC6345D0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[875,953,189,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917E9AFF60FBA045D0" box="[962,1146,188,212]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1038172" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="4.1038172E7">41038, 172 mm</quantity>
;
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF9179D0FF61FB0C45D0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1160,1238,189,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917987FF60FA4245D0" box="[1247,1432,188,212]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1050162" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="4.1050162E7">41050, 162 mm</quantity>
;
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917DCFFF03FF1745F3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[151,205,223,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">CAS</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917D8CFF03FE4F45F3" box="[212,405,223,247]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28981118" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="2.28981118E8">228981, 118 mm</quantity>
;
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917CF9FF03FE0D45F3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[417,471,223,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">CAS</collectionCode>
228982, 3:
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917F05FF03FD2F45F3" box="[605,757,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.205" metricValueMax="1.41" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="120.5" valueMax="141.0" valueMin="100.0">100–141 mm</quantity>
;
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917E59FF03FCED45F3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[769,823,223,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">CAS</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917E66FF03FC2545F3" box="[830,1023,223,247]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28983118" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="2.28983118E8">228983, 118 mm</quantity>
. Nihoa,
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917904FF3CFB7045F3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1116,1194,224,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF9179E9FF03FA8D45F3" box="[1201,1367,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.100158" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="4100158.0">4100, 158 mm</quantity>
. Pearl &amp; Hermes Reef,
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917C02FED9FE724418" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[346,424,261,284]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917CE8FED8FD834418" box="[432,601,260,284]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4471649999999996" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="3447165.0">3447, 165 mm</quantity>
. Laysan,
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917F9DFED9FCC94418" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[709,787,261,284]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917E44FED8FC1F4418" box="[796,965,260,284]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.106133" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="4106133.0">4106, 133 mm</quantity>
;
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917E8AFED8FBD24418" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[978,1032,260,284]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">CAS</collectionCode>
208505, 2:
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF9179CBFED8FAF64418" box="[1171,1324,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.34" metricValueMin="1.26" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="130.0" valueMax="134.0" valueMin="126.0">126–134 mm</quantity>
.
<collectingCountry id="7096B19B181DFF917860FED8FF0F443B" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Johnston Atoll</collectingCountry>
:
<collectionCode id="6E9069CE181DFF917D87FEF4FEF7443B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[223,301,296,319]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">BPBM</collectionCode>
4101–4102, 3:
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917C85FEFBFDBC443B" box="[477,614,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" metricValueMax="2.02" metricValueMin="0.76" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="139.0" valueMax="202.0" valueMin="76.0">76–202 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="409BA280181DFF917D9FFE97FD444633" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="083EF10B181DFF917D9FFE97FD444633" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181DFF917D9FFE97FE9B4460" bold="true" box="[199,321,331,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Dorsal rays X,11; anal rays III,6; pectoral rays 14, the lower 7 unbranched and thickened; lateralline scales 38–41 (modally 40); gill rakers 6–8 + 12–14 (rarely 12), total 16–20; body robust, the depth 2.6–3.0 in standard length; snout short and blunt; 4 rows of large scales above lateral line in middle of body; 12 or more irregular rows of small scales on cheek; posterior margin of preopercle finely serrate; palatine teeth present; membranes of spinous portion of dorsal fin incised; a tuft of cirri from membrane near tip of each dorsal spine; pectoral fins short, not or just reaching a vertical at tips of pelvic rays (when fins placed posteriorly); caudal fin slightly rounded; body dark grey-brown to dark olive-brown, white ventrally, with three longitudinal rows of white blotches of about half eye size to nearly eye size and numerous orange-red spots of about half pupil size; head coloured like body dorsally, white ventrally, with a few dark spots posterior to eye and on opercle; most markings irregular yellow to orange, most horizontally linear and progressively larger posteriorly; upper lip with dark orange cross bands, the lower with fewer and darker bands; orange-red spots on spinous portion of dorsal fin extending out on membranes except for white tips; orange-red spots on second dorsal, anal, and caudal fins extending out on rays nearly to distal tips. Juveniles are more slender and the white markings on the body relatively larger than on adults (
<figureCitation id="90BAED8E181DFF917DC7FCC3FF3F4633" box="[159,229,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1405,1428]" captionTargetBox="[455,1135,1082,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[455,1136,1082,1386]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cirrhitus pinnulatus maculosus, juvenile, BPBM 10013, 27 mm SL, O‘ahu, Hawaiian Islands (J. E. Randall)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/217611/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Largest specimen,
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917C93FCC3FDCA463C" box="[459,528,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="cm" value="28.0">28 cm</quantity>
total length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="409BA280181DFF917D9FFC98FC69410B" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="083EF10B181DFF917D9FFC98FC03467B" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181DFF917D9FFC98FEE14658" bold="true" box="[199,315,836,860]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Remarks.</emphasis>
Occurs on reefs and rocky shores exposed to surge, generally at depths of
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF917927FC98FB124658" box="[1151,1224,836,860]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="m" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 m</quantity>
, but reported to
<quantity id="CF795CEE181DFF9178D8FC98FF77467B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" unit="m" value="23.0">23 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6C108CFA181DFF917DE3FCBBFE8D467B" author="Mundy" box="[187,343,871,895]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" refString="Mundy, B. C. (2005) Checklist of the Fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, 704 pp." type="book" year="2005">Mundy, 2005</bibRefCitation>
). Found only at the Hawaiian Islands and
<collectingCountry id="7096B19B181DFF917E75FCBBFC0F467B" box="[813,981,871,895]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Johnston Atoll</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="083EF10B181DFF917D9FFC50FC8646C3" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">
<bibRefCitation id="6C108CFA181DFF917D9FFC50FEAE46A0" author="Randall" box="[199,372,908,932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" refString="Randall, J. E. (1985) Guide to Hawaiian Reef Fishes. Harrowood Books, Newtown Square, PA. 70 pp." type="book" year="1985">Randall (1985)</bibRefCitation>
reported the diet from the stomach contents of
<specimenCount id="1E873A82181DFF917EF5FC50FBD646A0" box="[941,1036,908,932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" type="adult">12 adult</specimenCount>
specimens as 80% crabs, the rest shrimps, fishes, other crustaceans, sea urchins, and brittle stars.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="083EF10B181DFF917D9FFC08FC69410B" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">
Although the Hawaiian population of
<taxonomicName id="CF818A88181DFF917F37FC08FC8946E8" box="[623,851,980,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cirrhitidae" genus="Cirrhitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinnulatus">
<emphasis id="3AF52D19181DFF917F37FC08FC8946E8" box="[623,851,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Cirrhitus pinnulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most distinct in meristic data and colouration, the genetic uniformity suggests that it best be regarded as a subspecies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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