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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="264788" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2aaa4e51-ec7b-4d32-ba88-5d690b8f2a01" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2032-3921-3-276" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" ModsDocID="2032-3921-156-3-276" checkinTime="1693470036859" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rasaminirina, Fitiavana &amp; Larridon, Isabel" docDate="2023" docId="7D978FA6379759B8AFFC4137B5FF80AF" docLanguage="en" docName="PlantEcolEvol 156(3): 276-310" docOrigin="Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3)" docPubDate="2023-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847" docTitle="Actinoschoenus Benth. (Bentham 1881" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" lastPageNumber="276" masterDocId="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" masterDocTitle="The genera of Cyperaceae of Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="310" masterPageNumber="276" pageNumber="276" updateTime="1720463581714" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="49C0C8489757A382BC65A38CA4D5CC43">The genera of Cyperaceae of Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6A65514B369DBA5EDBBC22BB1FA81B6C">Rasaminirina, Fitiavana</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="945825A5DF185D5088F4F4C089E2942E" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-7975</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EDC162CE97E697E19D0139080BF8E20F">University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0ED866618F45FF125AC5438B3F6DECF5">Larridon, Isabel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D3E102D667A2ED7DC6BF231DF5CE2857" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-722X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E21D217AD235942ADBB07117D9E9B687">Kew Madagascar Conservation Centre, Antananarivo, Madagascar &amp; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ACE5CCA191E3EEAA093B076B14403A4A" type="email">i.larridon@kew.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="19929E80310B746EE4C2019B95383162">Plant Ecology and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BE59E207D27C36AC4FB19AAC283D01BC">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BCB187CE276763185F2FD10B5DF8A493">156</mods:number>
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<treatment id="7D978FA6379759B8AFFC4137B5FF80AF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212738602" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D978FA6379759B8AFFC4137B5FF80AF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D978FA6379759B8AFFC4137B5FF80AF" lastPageNumber="276" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
<subSubSection id="73D1B4098D36B8F366DB747B50EA559F" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7093C95911FDECC1E0DB32DC6CF11820" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
3.
<taxonomicName id="211FB27C457C1ACB7565D228366FB714" ID-CoL="8VT8R" LSID="7D978FA6-3797-59B8-AFFC-4137B5FF80AF" authority="Benth. (Bentham 1881: 33)" authorityName="Benth. (Bentham" authorityYear="1881" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Actinoschoenus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Actinoschoenus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Actinoschoenus Benth. (Bentham 1881: 33)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="879AB364A4B5C6C2D5510878C1068B90" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="type species">
<paragraph id="27F9C6AF2CF4B0046E16FAB193044BB1" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB8268A4A7812F306198C2E8B86EEC11" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
<taxonomicName id="C0879139B151E1B846707A295294115A" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Actinoschoenus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Actinoschoenus filiformis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="FBE5F060A363E8DAC802F69D24D560D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Actinoschoenus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Thwaites) Benth. [=
<taxonomicName id="6020A762543399BE0B65982AB6BC1201" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Actinoschoenus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Actinoschoenus aphyllus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aphyllus">
<emphasis id="179DE37A802678031123CD8BAEA4BE2C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Actinoschoenus aphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Vahl) Larridon]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D4E3CE8B97D1A9A1A525469A1A3AAEC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="description">
<paragraph id="D7ACE21356370F6429290FBFBC4B4B18" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Description of the genus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8F7F388213359B44337C0F8B2098A2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Small to medium-sized, tufted, shortly rhizomatous or stoloniferous perennials. Culms scapose, smooth, tufted, more or less 4-angular, bases covered by closed leaf sheaths. Leaves ligulate if present, blade very short, almost reduced to a sheath. Primary bracts small, not very conspicuous not sheathing. Inflorescence terminal, capitate. Spikelets 2 or many. Glumes 4-7 distichous, deciduous glumes, of increasing length; rachilla internodes short, somewhat elongated between the florets. Floret(s) 1(-2), subtended by the penultimate larger glume, enclosed by the wings of the next glume, bisexual. Perianth bristles absent. Stamens 3. Style deeply 3-fid, style base distinct, thickened, deciduous. Nutlets obovoid, trigonous, more or less 3-ribbed, surface smooth to slightly tuberculate.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6D992F2F522AB35A735CC6CE39AEFE9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F1E96FCD28ED260026C941EE633FA286" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6189DEB66BE7C88C5EBBFBEA33875C4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
<taxonomicName id="24F70C42298EDBAA3D69F3200164F9E6" authorityName="Benth. (Bentham" authorityYear="1881" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Actinoschoenus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Actinoschoenus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A525B985B56C92655920A27799F46E3F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Actinoschoenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs from West-Central Tropical Africa to Zambia, Western Indian Ocean, Sri Lanka to southern China and Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="F2C7268051996A545659F71C62F8FD55" author="Persoon, CH" journalOrPublisher="3 e Aufl. O. R. Reisland, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" publicationUrl="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" refId="B39" refString="2022. . http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" url="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" year="2022">POWO 2022</bibRefCitation>
). It grows in open woodland on dry sandy areas (
<bibRefCitation id="A3B7FED215DCBB2366CD75C2E104CE23" author="Browning, J" journalOrPublisher="Appendix 5. J. Murray, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" refId="B8" refString="Browning, J, Goetghebeur, P, 2017. Sedges (Cyperaceae) Genera of Africa and Madagascar. Matador, Market Harborough, 1-103." title="Sedges (Cyperaceae) Genera of Africa and Madagascar. Matador, Market Harborough, 1 - 103." year="2017">Browning and Goetghebeur 2017</bibRefCitation>
), wetlands, swamps, sands and wet rocks,
<normalizedToken id="525F2C9F1F8B677DF82BA4E663484239" originalValue="waters">water's</normalizedToken>
edge, forest, to 800 m elevation (
<bibRefCitation id="907E98B524CC834954DACE47E0383888" author="Chermezon, H" editor="Humbert, H" journalOrPublisher="29. Imprimerie officielle, Antananarivo" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" pagination="1 - 135" refId="B11" refString="Chermezon, H, 1937. Cyperacees. In: Humbert, H, Ed., Flore de Madagascar, vol. 29. Imprimerie officielle, Antananarivo: 1 - 135" title="Cyperacees." volumeTitle="Flore de Madagascar, vol." year="1937">Chermezon 1937</bibRefCitation>
). A single species of
<taxonomicName id="01C31A0244A50BF3FBBBEDE5A92F5D11" authorityName="Benth. (Bentham" authorityYear="1881" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Actinoschoenus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Actinoschoenus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8A0218DDBCDDDDD8CD579BF8E3EBC652" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Actinoschoenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, i.e.
<taxonomicName id="1C85B32BB6BE82775F09DB51573C2CDA" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Actinoschoenus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Actinoschoenus aphyllus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aphyllus">
<emphasis id="6B3C9B704B38CC612906F4394A7E7856" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Actinoschoenus aphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Vahl) Larridon (Fig.
<figureCitation id="22CE77F1213E7E67097A50F50BA341A1" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Actinoschoenus aphyllus. All photos taken in Andrainjato, Taolagnaro District, Anosy Region by Andriambolantsoa Rasolohery (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 145409565), reproduced with permission from the photographer." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898166" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">15</figureCitation>
), occurs throughout Madagascar.
</paragraph>
<caption id="737B17B22F04065F4E6052557231C080" doi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898166" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
<paragraph id="4760024C1AFDF06728E1AE19FB5FAFF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
<emphasis id="21322B8699713035A4A9BE1C8DA8AB22" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="80EB6774AA98ED4D47C2047BA4931BD4" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Actinoschoenus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Actinoschoenus aphyllus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aphyllus">
<emphasis id="228384607A140780C8A985BA487B5CB7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Actinoschoenus aphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All photos taken in Andrainjato, Taolagnaro District, Anosy Region by Andriambolantsoa Rasolohery (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/145409565), reproduced with permission from the photographer.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>