191 lines
19 KiB
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191 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.640.9619" ID-GBIF-Dataset="74a3d439-771d-4f1f-a638-a0177dd0fcd6" ID-PMC="PMC5240364" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-640-37" ID-PubMed="28138284" ID-ZBK="F64A8C0CBDE345379460FBB21DC7009F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-640-37" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 640" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Linopherus (Annelida, Amphinomidae) from Beibu Gulf, South China Sea" checkinTime="1481701902601" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sun, Yue & Li, Xinzheng" docDate="2016" docId="7787F433E67C2D6BF52DAB016949344E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 640: 37-43" docOrigin="ZooKeys 640" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.640.9619" docTitle="Linopherus beibuwanensis Sun & Li, 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="83C424FA-951B-4F12-8CEC-B6CD6088AD20" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="9B00FFCAFFB2AD367F405115A0209C08" masterDocTitle="A new species of Linopherus (Annelida, Amphinomidae) from Beibu Gulf, South China Sea" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1668163803270" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Linopherus (Annelida, Amphinomidae) from Beibu Gulf, South China Sea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sun, Yue</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Xinzheng</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>640</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>37</mods:start>
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<mods:end>43</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.640.9619</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.640.9619</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-640-37</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F64A8C0CBDE345379460FBB21DC7009F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F64A8C0CBDE345379460FBB21DC7009F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127889963" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:83C424FA-951B-4F12-8CEC-B6CD6088AD20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7787F433E67C2D6BF52DAB016949344E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/83C424FA-951B-4F12-8CEC-B6CD6088AD20" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus beibuwanensis" order="Amphinomida" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beibuwanensis">Linopherus beibuwanensis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="38">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Fig. 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="38">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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Holotype, MBM010010, Beibu Gulf,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="21.25">21°15'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.1">108°06'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 91m, sandy mud, coll. Xiutong Ma, 11 Feb 1959. Paratypes, MBM200142, Beibu
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="39" start="start">Gulf</pageBreakToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.5">18°30'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="107.0">107°00'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 66m, sandy beach, coll. Zhengang Fan, 10 Sep 1960; MBM200143, Beibu Gulf,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.0">18°00'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="107.75">107°45'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 90m, silty mud, coll. Ruiping Sun, 9 Apr1962; MBM200144, Beibu Gulf,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.0">18°00'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.0">108°00'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 93m, sandy mud, coll. Xiutong Ma, 11 Dec 1959; MBM200145, Beibu Gulf,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.5">18°30'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="107.0">107°00'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 66m, sandy beach, coll. Xiutong Ma, 9 Dec 1962; MBM200122, Beibu Gulf,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.0">18°00'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="107.0">107°00'E</geoCoordinate>
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, sandy mud, coll. Zhengang Fan, 14 Feb1960.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Prostomium globular, posterior margin bilobed, with two pairs of eyes, anterior pair semicircular in shape. Medial caruncle conspicuous, arising from and confluent with posterior prostomial margin, medial lobe projecting above paired lateral lobes. Parapodia biramous, rami widely separated, with single dorsal and single ventral cirrus. Branchiae dendritic, present from chaetiger 3 onwards, with more than 40 pairs.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="40" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Holotype (MBM010010) incomplete, lacking posterior part, 17 mm long, 2 mm wide excluding chaeta, with 45 chaetigers. Body elongate, nearly rectangular in cross section, tapering posteriorly. Color in alcohol pale yellow, without color pattern.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Prostomium (Fig. 1A) divided into two parts by transverse groove. Anterior lobe rounded, with pair of cirriform antennae dorsally and similar pair of palps laterally, palps with three distinct articulations. Posterior lobe heart-shaped, bilobed along posterior margin, with median antenna and two pairs of reddish eyes. Anterior pair of eye spots semicircular in shape and large, posterior pair of eye spots rounded and small. Median antenna conical, slightly shorter than paired antennae, located at posterior margin of prostomium. Buccal opening occupying two chaetigers (Fig. 1B).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus beibuwanensis" order="Amphinomida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beibuwanensis">Linopherus beibuwanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Anterior end in dorsal view B Anterior end in vental view C left parapodia of chaetiger 14 in frontal view D branchiae of chaetiger 28 E harpoon notochaeta F forked neurochaeta G slender capillary chaeta. Scale bars:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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, 250
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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, 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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; G, 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Caruncle rectangular and conspicuous, medial lobe projecting above paired lateral lobes. Caruncle restrict to chaetiger 1, equal in length to posterior prostomial lobe of prostomium, reaching to anterior margin of chaetiger 2, arising medially and confluently with posterior prostomium (Fig. 1A).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">All parapodia biramous, with chaetiger 1 greatly reduced, chaetiger 2 forming first dorsally complete ring. Parapodia with slender cirri (Fig. 1A, C), both notopodia and neuropodia well-developed, chaetal sac forming low rounded lobe. First two parapodia with longer and more conspicuous cirri than other parapodia; ventral cirri of chaetiger 2 longest, each with four articulations (Fig. 1A). Succeeding parapodia with tapering and rather short ventral cirri.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Branchiae present from chaetiger 3, located on posterior face of each notopodia (Fig. 1A), arising as tufts, dendritically branched, decreasing along body and disappearing at approximately chaetiger 42; chaetiger 1 branchiae with five terminal filaments, chaetiger 17 branchiae with 29 or 26 terminal filaments, chaetiger 28 branchiae with 15 filaments (Fig. 1D), chaetiger 42 branchiae with 6 or 7 filaments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Notochaetae of three types: stout harpoon chaetae, numbering 13-24 per fascicle (Fig. 1E); slender capillary chaetae (Fig. 1G), faintly serrated, without basal spur, many broken; notoacicula, numbering 3-4 per fascicle, hastate (Fig. 1C). Neurochaetae of three kinds: forked chaetae, short limb reduced as spur, with thin shafts and long, distally serrated cutting margins (Fig. 1F); slender, capillary chaetae, smooth; neuroacicula, numbering 2-3 per fascicle, slightly hastate, slender than notoacicula (Fig. 1C).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Variations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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All specimens examined are incomplete lacking the posterior part. Specimen size varies from 1.9 to 2.5 mm in maximum width. Branchial chaetiger range varies from 3 to 31-40. The maximum number of branchial filaments varies from 20-29. One female paratype (MBM200143) with eggs in posterior coelomic cavity, ranging in diameter from 71μm to 90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">The species is named after Beibuwan, the Chinese name for the Beibu Gulf (Tonkin Gulf), South China Sea.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Only known from Beibu Gulf, South China Sea.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus beibuwanensis" order="Amphinomida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beibuwanensis">Linopherus beibuwanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is referred to
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus" order="Amphinomida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Linopherus</taxonomicName>
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because of the arrangement of branchiae and the reduced but characteristic caruncle.
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus beibuwanensis" order="Amphinomida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beibuwanensis">Linopherus beibuwanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is unique in this genus for the combined shape of its prostomium
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="41" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
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the caruncle. While the posterior prostomial margin is straight (not bilobed) in most
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus" order="Amphinomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Linopherus</taxonomicName>
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species, their caruncles are also either absent or reduced. In the latter case, species with reduced caruncles typically exhibit a transverse groove that appears to isolate the caruncle from the prostomium, which is usually partly or completely concealed by the second chaetiger (see
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<bibRefCitation author="Langerhans, P" journalOrPublisher="Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopold-Carolin Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, Halle" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="95 - 124" title="Ueber einige canarische Anneliden." volume="42" year="1881">Langerhans 1881</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 262" title="AnnelidaPolychaeta of the Indian Museum, Calcutta." volume="12" year="1932">Fauvel 1932</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Monro, CCA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 96" title="The Polychaeta Errantia collected by Dr. C. Crossland at Colon, in the Panama Region, and the Galapagos Islands during the Expedition of the SY ' St. George' [C]." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1933.tb01578.x" volume="103" year="1933">Monro 1933</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Monro, CCA" journalOrPublisher="The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 1934 Scientific Reports" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="243 - 321" title="Polychaeta." volume="4" year="1937">1937</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Treadwell, AL" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="17 - 24" title="Eastern Pacific expeditions of the New York Zoological Society. 23. Polychaetous annelids from the west coast of Mexico and Central America [J]." volume="26" year="1941">Treadwell 1941</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Wesenberg-Lund, E" journalOrPublisher="Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="265 - 271" title="Polychaetes of the Iranian gulf [J]." volume="4" year="1949">Wesenberg-Lund 1949</bibRefCitation>
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; Knox 1960;
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauchald, K" journalOrPublisher="Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 575" title="Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the eastern Pacific Ocean [J]." volume="7" year="1972 a">Fauchald 1972a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauchald, K" journalOrPublisher="Sarsia" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="89 - 106" title="Some polychaetous annelids from the deep basins in Sognefjorden, western Norway [J]." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1972.10411211" volume="49" year="1972 b">b</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Kudenov, JD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="65 - 91" title="Errant polychaetes from the Gulf of California, Mexico [J]." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937500770061" volume="9" year="1975">Kudenov 1975</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Wu, BL" journalOrPublisher="Studia Marina Sinica" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="65 - 104" title="Preliminary report of polychaetous annelids from Xisha Islands, Guangdong Province, China [J]." volume="10" year="1975">Wu et al. 1975</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Kudenov, JD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="38 - 40" title="A New Species of Pseudeurythoe (Polychaeta: Amphinomidae) from Central California [J]." volume="84" year="1985">Kudenov and Blake 1985</bibRefCitation>
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; San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
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1986;
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<bibRefCitation author="Salazar-Vallejo, SI" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="77 - 82" title="A new amphinomid polychaete (Annelida: Polychaeta) from western Mexico [J]." volume="3" year="1987">Salazar-Vallejo 1987</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus beibuwanensis" order="Amphinomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beibuwanensis">Linopherus beibuwanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus abyssalis" order="Amphinomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abyssalis">Linopherus abyssalis</taxonomicName>
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in having the posterior prostomial margin bilobed. The new species can be distinguished from the latter by the presence of eyes and arrangement of branchiae; the former has two pairs of eyes and more than 40 pairs of branchiae, while the latter has no externally detectable eyes and only 5-6 pairs of branchiae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
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Caruncle morphology appears to be an essential character which can be used to distinguish the species of
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus" order="Amphinomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Linopherus</taxonomicName>
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. However,
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Linopherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linopherus" order="Amphinomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Linopherus</taxonomicName>
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species are small in size, and so their caruncle morphology is imperfectly known since it is usually concealed by constriction of the anterior chaetigers. Clearly, further research on this taxon is necessary.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |