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<document id="0F3F188ADA9C1145CCF5B3DD1B550F2E" ID-CLB-Dataset="178549" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5200.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58f68688-480d-45c7-bf1b-773e9dfd96a9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7270877" ID-ZooBank="BF5F50EC-DD5D-4CEA-9A74-7EB4D55D9945" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1667300366230" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wood, Timothy S." docDate="2022" docId="762C8786FFE7FFB22390F9EEA23E59E5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5200.5.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5200 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Fredericella borealis Wood 2022, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="416" masterDocId="8A15FFFEFFE9FFBD2307FFEDA7375B4C" masterDocTitle="Phylactolaemate bryozoans at the Zoological Survey of India and a taxonomic key to Indian Phylactolaemata" masterLastPageNumber="435" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="415" updateTime="1699408751459" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="BB72E9E1D26D31C5132BA90BBA074467">Phylactolaemate bryozoans at the Zoological Survey of India and a taxonomic key to Indian Phylactolaemata</mods:title>
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<treatment id="762C8786FFE7FFB22390F9EEA23E59E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270893" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203932739" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7270893" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:762C8786FFE7FFB22390F9EEA23E59E5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/762C8786FFE7FFB22390F9EEA23E59E5" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="416" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<subSubSection id="B69F651BFFE7FFB32390F9EEA6EA5D52" box="[151,477,1539,1566]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE7FFB32390F9EEA6EA5D52" blockId="14.[151,477,1539,1602]" box="[151,477,1539,1566]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<heading id="A57281FCFFE7FFB32390F9EEA6EA5D52" bold="true" box="[151,477,1539,1566]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" reason="1">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB32390F9EEA6EA5D52" bold="true" box="[151,477,1539,1566]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<taxonomicName id="39854D13FFE7FFB32390F9EEA6A45D52" authority="Wood, 2022" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,403,1539,1566]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Fredericellidae" genus="Fredericella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="borealis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB32390F9EEA6A45D52" bold="true" box="[151,403,1539,1566]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Fredericella borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7C257F9FFE7FFB3229DF9E9A6EA5D52" box="[410,477,1540,1566]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B69F651BFFE7FFB32390F9CAA65D5D0D" box="[151,362,1575,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="description">
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE7FFB32390F9CAA65D5D0D" blockId="14.[151,477,1539,1602]" box="[151,362,1575,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
(
<figureCitation id="66BE2A15FFE7FFB32398F9CAA6265D0E" box="[159,273,1575,1602]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1345,1369]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,561,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[159,1427,561,1322]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Fredericella statoblast valves with pitted exterior. (a) Fredericella indica statoblast valve showing a smooth surface at the ends, from Annandale’s type specimen, ZSI 3479, valve has curled upon drying; (b) Fredericella borealis showing pitted surface at the ends, from Magerøya Island, Norway; (c) Fredericella indica, lateral view showing smooth region near the suture, from NHMUK 1914.10.2.1, Colombo, Sri Lanka; (d) Enlargement of previous photo; (e) Enlarged view of suture area of F. borealis from Illinois, USA, showing reticulation extending to the suture. Scale bars for a–c = 100 µm, scale bars for d–e = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7270881/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Figs 1b, e</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="66BE2A15FFE7FFB3221AF9C5A6555D0D" box="[285,354,1575,1602]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1153,1177]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,705,1130]" captionTargetId="figure-254@15.[151,1436,705,1130]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Fredericella borealis n. sp. (a) A fragment of the holotype colony showing free branches and several statoblasts, scale bar = 3 mm; (b) A pair of separated valves showing reticulation extending to the suture, scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7270917/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">12a, b</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B69F651BFFE7FFB32390F988A69C5D95" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE7FFB32390F988A6EE5DD0" blockId="14.[151,1436,1637,1753]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DE9511BEFFE7FFB32390F988A6EE5DD0" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<treatmentCitation id="7F241081FFE7FFB32390F988A5AE5D31" author="Wood, T. &amp; Backus, B. T." box="[151,665,1637,1661]" page="191" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1992">
<taxonomicName id="39854D13FFE7FFB32390F988A5AE5D31" ID-CoL="6JLW9" authority=": Wood &amp; Backus, 1992, p. 191" authorityName=": Wood &amp; Backus" authorityPageNumber="191" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,665,1637,1661]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Fredericellidae" genus="Fredericella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB32390F988A66D5D31" box="[151,346,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Fredericella indica</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE7FFB32260F988A5795D31" author="Wood, T. &amp; Backus, B. T." box="[359,590,1637,1661]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" pagination="185 - 193" refId="ref24100" refString="Wood, T. &amp; Backus, B. T. (1992) Differentiation of North American and European forms of Fredericella sultana (Blumenbach) (Ectoprocta: Phylactolaemata). Hydrobiologia, 237, 185 - 193. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00005850" type="journal article" year="1992">Wood &amp; Backus, 1992</bibRefCitation>
, p. 191
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 192, fig. 6;
<treatmentCitation id="7F241081FFE7FFB32010F988A4FD5D31" author="Wood, T." box="[791,970,1637,1661]" page="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE7FFB32010F988A4B95D31" author="Wood, T." box="[791,910,1637,1661]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref23509" refString="Wood, T. (1989) Ectoproct bryozoans of Ohio. Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey, 8, 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="1989">Wood 1989</bibRefCitation>
, p. 21
</treatmentCitation>
–23, fig. 11;
<treatmentCitation id="7F241081FFE7FFB3274DF988A23A5D31" author="Wood, T." box="[1098,1293,1637,1661]" page="495" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE7FFB3274DF988A3F65D31" author="Wood, T." box="[1098,1217,1637,1661]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" pagination="481 - 499" refId="ref23534" refString="Wood, T. (1991) Bryozoans. In: Thorp, J. H &amp; Covich, A. P. (Eds.), Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates. Academic Press, London, pp. 481 - 499." type="book chapter" year="1991">Wood 1991</bibRefCitation>
, p. 495
</treatmentCitation>
; 2001, p. 519; 2010, p. 451; 2019, p. 524.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE7FFB32390F94EA69C5D95" blockId="14.[151,1436,1637,1753]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DE9511BEFFE7FFB32390F94EA69C5D95" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<treatmentCitation id="7F241081FFE7FFB32390F94EA5085DF6" author="Rogick, M. D." box="[151,575,1698,1723]" page="250" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1935">
<taxonomicName id="39854D13FFE7FFB32390F94EA5085DF6" ID-CoL="6JM7X" authority=": Rogick 1935, p. 250" authorityName="Rogick" authorityPageNumber="250" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,575,1698,1723]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Fredericellidae" genus="Fredericella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sultana">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB32390F94EA6525DF7" box="[151,357,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Fredericella sultana</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE7FFB32275F94EA6C25DF6" author="Rogick, M. D." box="[370,501,1698,1723]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" pagination="245 - 263" refId="ref22097" refString="Rogick, M. D. (1935) Studies on freshwater Bryozoa. II. The Bryozoa of Lake Erie. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 54 (3), 245 - 263. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222137" type="journal article" year="1935">Rogick 1935</bibRefCitation>
, p. 250
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 251; 1937, p. 101, 102, fig. 1B;
<treatmentCitation id="7F241081FFE7FFB3208FF94EA3505DF7" author="Bushnell, J. H." box="[904,1127,1698,1723]" page="241" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE7FFB3208FF94EA32A5DF6" author="Bushnell, J. H." box="[904,1053,1698,1723]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" pagination="231 - 244" refId="ref19802" refString="Bushnell, J. H. (1965) On the taxonomy and distribution of freshwater Ectoprocta in Michigan. Part I. Transaction of the American Microscopical Society, 84 (2), 231 - 244. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3224290" type="journal article" year="1965">Bushnell 1965</bibRefCitation>
, p. 241
</treatmentCitation>
, 242;
<treatmentCitation id="7F241081FFE7FFB327A3F949A6305D95" author="Okland, K. &amp; Okland, J." page="107" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE7FFB327A3F949A2AF5DF7" author="Okland, K. &amp; Okland, J." box="[1188,1432,1699,1725]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" pagination="103 - 123" refId="ref21586" refString="Okland, K. &amp; Okland, J. (2001) Freshwater bryozoans (Bryozoa) of Norway II: distribution and ecology of two species of Fredericella. Hydrobiologia, 459 (1 - 3), 103 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1012558524160" type="journal article" year="2001">Økland &amp; Økland, 2001</bibRefCitation>
, p. 107
</treatmentCitation>
–122, fig. 1C, D
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B69F651BFFE7FFB32390F8E5A7CC5C25" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE7FFB32390F8E5A7CC5C25" blockId="14.[151,1437,1799,2042]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<materialsCitation id="4EED3CCDFFE7FFB32390F8E5A7CC5C25" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960832314" collectingDate="1994-09-23" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Light &amp; Power" country="United States of America" location="Springfield Lake" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" specimenCode="NHMUK 2015.3" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Illinois" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB32390F8E5A63C5C6E" bold="true" box="[151,267,1800,1826]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<typeStatus id="213E8832FFE7FFB32390F8E5A6315C6E" box="[151,262,1800,1826]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="AE239EEBFFE7FFB3221FF8E5A6D55C6E" box="[280,482,1799,1826]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="Museum">NHMUK 2015.3</specimenCode>
.14.1,
<taxonomicName id="39854D13FFE7FFB32120F8EAA42E5C6D" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="2022" box="[551,793,1799,1825]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Fredericellidae" genus="Fredericella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB32120F8EAA42E5C6D" box="[551,793,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Fredericella borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, collected
<date id="8A3B1050FFE7FFB32099F8E5A3B45C6E" box="[926,1155,1799,1826]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" value="1994-09-23">
<collectingDate id="9A7FE9B8FFE7FFB32099F8E5A3B45C6E" box="[926,1155,1799,1826]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" value="1994-09-23">23 September 1994</collectingDate>
</date>
from traveling screens, Springfield City Water,
<collectorName id="53705346FFE7FFB322B3F8C6A6C65C09" box="[436,497,1835,1861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Light</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="53705346FFE7FFB32126F8C1A55E5C0A" box="[545,617,1836,1862]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Power</collectorName>
drawing water from
<location id="FB5A604BFFE7FFB3206AF8C6A3045C09" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:762C8786FFE7FFB22390F9EEA23E59E5:FB5A604BFFE7FFB3206AF8C6A3045C09" box="[877,1075,1835,1861]" country="United States of America" name="Springfield Lake" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" stateProvince="Illinois">Springfield Lake</location>
, Springfield,
<collectingRegion id="3C41F872FFE7FFB327D1F8C6A21F5C09" box="[1238,1320,1835,1861]" country="United States of America" name="Illinois" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Illinois</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="86927600FFE7FFB3263DF8C1A2475C0A" box="[1338,1392,1836,1862]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">USA</collectingCountry>
(in ethanol).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B69F651BFFE7FFB323C0F89EA6885CFD" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE7FFB323C0F89EA6885CFD" blockId="14.[151,1437,1799,2042]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB323C0F89EA6755CC1" bold="true" box="[199,322,1907,1933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Statoblasts heavily reticulated, including areas immediately on either side of the suture, interstices about 5–6 µm in diameter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B69F651BFFE7FFB323C0F851A32A5CB5" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE7FFB323C0F851A32A5CB5" blockId="14.[151,1437,1799,2042]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB323C0F851A6795C9A" bold="true" box="[199,334,1980,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Etymology.</emphasis>
The Latin
<taxonomicName id="39854D13FFE7FFB322C2F856A5175C99" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="2022" box="[453,544,1979,2005]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Fredericellidae" genus="Fredericella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB322C2F856A5175C99" box="[453,544,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(northern) refers to the northern distribution of the species in North America and Europe, in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="39854D13FFE7FFB32288F80DA6C65CB5" authorityName=": Wood &amp; Backus" authorityYear="1992" box="[399,497,2015,2041]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Fredericellidae" genus="Fredericella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE7FFB32288F80DA6C65CB5" box="[399,497,2015,2041]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">F. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, known so far only from the Indian subcontinent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B69F651BFFE6FFB223C0FF7BA2395AE1" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="description">
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE6FFB223C0FF7BA2395AE1" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE6FFB223C0FF7BA66E5BFC" bold="true" box="[199,345,150,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Description.</emphasis>
Colony appearing as narrow tubules with zooids and branches widely spaced; an early series of zooids growing along the substratum, those upright zooids later producing new series of branching tubules that may be largely free of the substratum; tubules lightly frosted to nearly opaque, with diameter of
<quantity id="397D9B75FFE6FFB227D3FF32A2A25BB5" box="[1236,1429,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="0.275" valueMax="0.37" valueMin="0.18">0.18 to 0.37 mm</quantity>
., those along the substratum conspicuously keeled; 18–22 lophophore tentacles roughly equal in length and arranged in a circle around the mouth; statoblasts, formed within both attached and free branches, consisting of a naked capsule with no enveloping periblast; entire statoblast surface bearing a fine reticulum that extends to the suture, the reticulum more prominent on the frontal valve than the basal valve, thin vestiges of a weak attachment ring sometimes occurring on the basal valve and merging with a locally sclerotized portion of the ectocyst.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B69F651BFFE6FFB223C0FE5BA68E5955" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE6FFB223C0FE5BA68E5955" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE6FFB223C0FE5BA6565A9C" bold="true" box="[199,353,438,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Distribution.</emphasis>
This is the dominant fredericellid in North America; it has also been reported from
<collectingCountry id="86927600FFE6FFB22633FE5AA2AB5A9D" box="[1332,1436,439,465]" name="Germany" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Germany</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE6FFB22398FE36A6F75AB9" author="Massard, J. A. &amp; Geimer, G." box="[159,448,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="187 - 192" refId="ref21243" refString="Massard, J. A. &amp; Geimer, G. (1996) On the occurrence of Fredericella indica Annandale, 1909 (Phylactolaemata) in Europe. In: Gordon, D. P., Smith, A. M. &amp; Grant-Mackie, J. A. (Eds.), Bryozoans in Space and Time: Proceedings of the 10 th International Bryozoology Conference. Wellington, New Zealand, 1995, pp. 187 - 192." type="journal article" year="1996">Massard &amp; Geimer 1996</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="86927600FFE6FFB222D2FE36A5225AB9" box="[469,533,475,501]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE6FFB22122FE36A4635AB9" author="Hirose, M. &amp; Mawatari, S. F." box="[549,852,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref20383" refString="Hirose, M. &amp; Mawatari, S. F. (2011 a) Freshwater Bryozoa of Lake Biwa, Japan. Species Diversity, 16, 1 - 2 + 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.12782 / specdiv. 16.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Hirose &amp; Mawatari 2011a</bibRefCitation>
), and
<collectingCountry id="86927600FFE6FFB2209CFE36A4C15AB9" box="[923,1014,475,501]" name="Norway" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Norway</collectingCountry>
, especially north of the Arctic Circle (
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE6FFB22398FDEDA69B5955" author="Okland, K. &amp; Okland, J." box="[159,428,511,539]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="103 - 123" refId="ref21586" refString="Okland, K. &amp; Okland, J. (2001) Freshwater bryozoans (Bryozoa) of Norway II: distribution and ecology of two species of Fredericella. Hydrobiologia, 459 (1 - 3), 103 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1012558524160" type="journal article" year="2001">Økland &amp; Økland 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B69F651BFFE6FFB223C0FDCEA23E59E5" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="FE3A3690FFE6FFB223C0FDCEA23E59E5" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE6FFB223C0FDCEA60C5971" bold="true" box="[199,315,547,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Remarks.</emphasis>
Two other fredericellid species are known to have similar reticulation on the statoblast: (1)
<taxonomicName id="39854D13FFE6FFB22616FDCEA54B592D" authority="DuBois-Reymond Marcus, 1946" authorityName="DuBois-Reymond Marcus" authorityYear="1946" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Fredericellidae" genus="Fredericella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="crenulata">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE6FFB22616FDCEA636592D" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fredericella crenulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A144B61FFE6FFB2220DFDAAA54B592D" author="DuBois-Reymond Marcus, E." box="[266,636,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="2 - 9" refId="ref19892" refString="DuBois-Reymond Marcus, E. (1946) On a new Brazilian form of Fredericella sultana (Bryozoa, Phylactolaemata). Communicaciones zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo, 2, 2 - 9." type="journal article" year="1946">DuBois-Reymond Marcus, 1946</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, known only from the vicinity of Lake Titicaca, the statoblast serrated around the entire suture (
<figureCitation id="66BE2A15FFE6FFB222A9FD86A53A59C9" box="[430,525,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1305,1329]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,181,1281]" captionTargetId="figure-18@16.[159,1428,181,1281]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Fredericella carinata n. sp. (a) Pair of statoblast valves, scale bar = 100 µm; (b) Closer view with SEM showing a portion of the carina, scale bar = 30 µm; (c) Similar feature in Fredericella crenulata, scale bar = 15 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7270921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 13c</figureCitation>
); (2)
<taxonomicName id="39854D13FFE6FFB2214EFD86A4D059C9" authority="Annandale, 1909" authorityName=": Annandale" authorityYear="1909" box="[585,999,619,645]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Fredericellidae" genus="Fredericella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="CCF1EA82FFE6FFB2214EFD86A41759C9" box="[585,800,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fredericella indica</emphasis>
Annandale, 1909
</taxonomicName>
, known only from
<collectingCountry id="86927600FFE6FFB227BEFD86A3C459C9" box="[1209,1267,619,645]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">India</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="86927600FFE6FFB2262FFD86A2AF59C9" box="[1320,1432,619,645]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, the statoblast reticulation weakening and disappearing towards either side of the suture (
<figureCitation id="66BE2A15FFE6FFB22774FD62A3CB59E5" box="[1139,1276,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1345,1369]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,561,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[159,1427,561,1322]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Fredericella statoblast valves with pitted exterior. (a) Fredericella indica statoblast valve showing a smooth surface at the ends, from Annandale’s type specimen, ZSI 3479, valve has curled upon drying; (b) Fredericella borealis showing pitted surface at the ends, from Magerøya Island, Norway; (c) Fredericella indica, lateral view showing smooth region near the suture, from NHMUK 1914.10.2.1, Colombo, Sri Lanka; (d) Enlargement of previous photo; (e) Enlarged view of suture area of F. borealis from Illinois, USA, showing reticulation extending to the suture. Scale bars for a–c = 100 µm, scale bars for d–e = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7270881/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 1a, c, d</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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